pre ae ao Lo nee ne I I Ag sy yyy : Airs . : . preg rmn S tmg . > - nO a Nye Pg age IO RH Fe age mt RP ea a A OG Es gfe gy ina uly apie ee et ae ee eee ere ae aren soak i oe ee oe si Me Rae nil BA peer we a= 20 THE OSHAWA TIMES, Monday, June 14, 1965 not- have to be fought at all] Spain in 1898), least 155 times to keep order, (with Britain in 1812-14, with In addition U.S. land and na-|protect American lives, and|Thomas Jefferson, the anti-slav-|was an isolationist and an ex-|United States had all the land it/sandth and thousandth genera- MARINES INTO DOMINICA LBJ 'Did What He Had By. JAMES MARLOW Associated Press News Analyst WASHINGTON (AP) -- "In those terrible early hours, we did what we had to do." It was President Johnson, ex- plaining the rush of United States troops' into the Domini- can Republic. It could also have been an ex- planation for U.S. involvement) in Southeast Asia, including the bombing of North Viet Nam. It yg been almost, any other ident from @€orge Washington on, explaining the latest twist or-turn of U.S. for- eign policy. ' In the light of history, many actions by U.S. presidents in the foreign field have been un- savory. Jefferson Hoped To Grab Chunks Of Latin America But even as he said it he was hoping the United States coud help itself to pieces of the crum- bling Spanish empire. And two years after he said it he bought the Louisiana- Territory. from France to get more land and/ -avoid having the French for hext-door neighbors. For the United+States, while it preached isolation, was hun- gry for trade and, more land, which meant expansion. And those apostoles of expansion, LZ, To Do' There have been two sturdy, persistent guides in American foreign policy: The Monroe doc- trine of isolation, up to the last world war; and, ever since, the Truman doctrine of involve- ment. Johnson has leaned on both. : 'OFTEN AT WAR "Cultivate peace," Washing- ton said in his 1796 farewell ad- dress. But the United States has been in at least 10 foreign wars, an average of one every 17 years. Five of them were undeclared (with France in 1798-1800, with the Barbary pirates since in the early 1800s; the Korean War and the war in Viet: Nam) and three of the wars probably did that two months before the French had promised the Brit- ish they wouldn't move in. One historian said the doctrine was aimed at an "imaginary en- emy." The doctrine contained no threats. It simply said the |United States would stay out of European affairs and told the Europeans not to try to grab territory in Latin America. Sup- pose they tried? All the doge- trine said was that the United the war hawks and later the|States could not view such in- "manifest destiny" protagonists |trusion with "indifference." But who wanted to control the whole|intrusion went on for years. continent, helped push the| On a key point--whether or United States into three wars: |not the United States would in- 1812, 'Mexican and Spanish-|tervene in Latin America--Mon- American. jroe was silent. That point was filled in later by other presi- WARNED EUROPE dents, with little credit to the By the mid-1820s the Latin|U.S. Americans had almost com-| By the 1840s the manifest des- pletely rid themselves of their|tiny. boys were loose, breathing European masters, particularly}on President James K.. Polk's Spain, but President James|neck. He didn't need them. He Monroe was afraid the French|was one of the strongest presi- were going to barge into South/dents. In his single term, America. He thought it neces-|1845-49, he fulfilled a lot of am- sary to warn them to stay out.|/bitions, including his own. The This was 1823. United States had annexed So he stated his doctrine,|Texas but Polk also wanted Cal- which might: never have: been|ifornia and the southwest from written, if he had only known!Mexico. Polk Warred On Mexico To Gain The Southwest First he tried to buy it. Then|nant mostly he tried to stir a revolt there./iards' cruelty. Then he wanted to bribe a| And at this point the Amer- Mexican dictator. Then hejican government put still an- baited Mexico into war and gotjother twist on the Monroe doc- what he wanted. Afraid, mean-|trine by going contrary to what while, lest the British grab it|the document- had originally or a piece of Mexico, he resur-jsaid. As Monroe wrote it the rected the Monroe doctrine andjdoctrine said the United States for the first time since Monroe|would not interfere in colonies stated it as American policy. |or dependencies still held by And Polk added something to;Europeans in the Americas al- it, although that seems over-|though they must not grab any looked now: If Europeans tried/MeW territory. ae to intervene the United States) Now the McKinley adminis- might intervene to stop the in-\tration made demands on Spain tervention. This was exactly|@0out what was happening in what Theodore Roosevelt. was|Cuba. It demanded an armi- to say more than half a century Stice. On top of this American later, with some additions of his|¢™otions boiled over when the own. battleship Maine was sunk in Havana harbor although to this LOOKED FOR FIGHT day no one has proved the} The big American explosion Spaniards did it. | came _in the 1890s when mani-| So President McKinley let fest destiny rampaged again.|himself be pressured into war The U.S. had muscle now andialthough two days before he felt itself a world power al- sent his message to congress though not everybody else|the Spaniards agreed to an thought so: '"'We need a war," armistice. McKinley knew this said Theodore Roosevelt who when he sent his message but thought war was "fun." played it down Congress de- Americans .found an outlet |clared war. And after it was for their bubbling energy andjover McKinley admitted: 'But arrogance by getting emotional for the inflamed state of public over the war in Cuba where opinion and the fact that Con- Spain was trying to crush a re-|gress could no longer be held volt. It was a cruel war on both|in check, a peaceful solution about the Span- Mexico in 1846-48, and with|val forces have been used atjcarry out U.S. policy. Philosopher - ania ra buiit-in contradictions: He|first. inaugural address that the}had "room enough to the thou- ery man who kept slaves, had!pansionist. You'd think from his|needed. "The country, he said,|tion." Formfit Dress-Shapers Sheer Lightness in Skin Tone Powder Buff 34 to 36. Each : WOON a ok iesiccsa ceaay ees EATON'S UPPER LEVEL DEPT. 609 -panish-American War: U.S. Turned Down Cuba | Out of the war the Wnited'Coolidge all intervened with! States got Guam, Puerto Rico, Warships, marines and troops and the Philippines which made in one way or another, and none| a good trading base in the'so much as Wilson, preacher- Pacific. teacher and morailist. By an odd quirk, inconsistent This happened in Panama in with the expansionist hunger setting permission. to build the for real ete, the United canal, a rather sordid chapter States did not take Cuba buljin. Ameritan history, and with made it a protectorate, which) Nicaragua, Mexico, Cuba, Haiti meant it could send in marines and the Dominican Republic. any time to keep order, and it in Nicurag ; did a number of times. This| 19 are Gat 1b gee stayed right wasn't given up until 1934) here a years in Haid. when President Franklin D lie Bret one omercens ete Watsseili ahensoned it ictators took over, if not im- mediately, then eventually. SHOW THE DAGOS It isn't hard to understand All the twists, turns and in-/why to this day Latin Amer- trusions of American foreignjicans are. sensitive to any show policy reached a climax whenlof U.S. force, President Frank- Theodore Roosevelt be camellin D. Roosevelt tried to. wipe president after McKinley's|out the legacy of ill-will. He put death. He looked upon the Latinjan end to American interven- Americans with contempt. He'ltions. As a foundation -for~ his said he would '"'show those|"good neighbor policy" in the Dagos they have: to behave!1930s he agreed no nation had decently."' a right to. interfere in the in- To make good on this he|ternal or externa] affairs of an- twisted the Monroe doctrine a!other. little more, interpreting it to, Thé United States stuck to its suit himself in what has been/policy of isolation between the called the 'Roosevelt corollary"|two wars. The Second World to the doctrine War ended it. And in 1947 Presi- This gave the United Statesjdent Truman, to save Greece the "'right'" to intervene in ajand Turkey from Communist Latin American country any|takeover, gave them help with time it pleased. Thus the United|a heand new American policy, States became the policeman, |the "Truman doctrine," which judge and jury of the Americas. |really extended the Monroe doc- From then on presidents'trine worldwie> but with a new Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson. andland special twist. | ° - 4 Lightweight ! Powerful ! New lightweight ! Colour that blends and complements your skin tones for the excellent fashion base !_ Light and firm control shapes you in fashion's finest ! A. STRETCH STRAP BANDEAU in sheer nylon marquisette. Semi-plunge neckline with a low back of nylon-and-Lycra Power.Net. Fluted lower cups. Powder Buff. A cup, 32 to 36, B cup 32 to 38, C cup, : ) B. SKIPPIES PANTY GIRDLES. Smooth and firming Nylon-and-Lycra Power Net long leg panty has hidden garters. Nylon tricot front and side panels for sheer gentle smoothing, firming. Nylon-and-Lycra Power Net leg ' sizes small, medium and large to fit waists 25 to 30. PHONE 725-7373 te "WILKINSON SWORD' GARDEN TOOLS . Super Sword Pruner -- quality pruner for general all-purpose pruning @ Nylon bearing -- needs no oiling @ Nylon-coated alloy hondles. @ Easy-to-use nylon catch @ Rubber. cushion stop. No wrist fatigue @ Length:8 2"; Weight, 91% oz. MODEL W44, Each (Nov Illustrated) Sword Pocket Pruner -- robust pruner for light pruning : @ Simple thumb-operated catch @ Extra-strong, reliable spring @ Alloy handles @ Length: 6" Weight MODEL W46, Each ces, 85 EATON'S OUTDOOR SHOP DEPT. 253 "" ~---- 52 oz. Three Gerden Shears--for cutting hedges and shrubs, trimming grass e@ Rust-resistant steel blades @ Quick, easy cuts @ Double cushion stop reduces wrist and arm fatigue. B. Notched Shears -- length: 812" Weight 2 Ib., 1% oz. Each (NOT ILLUSTRATED) Sword Shears -- length: oz Each Women's Shears» ---- small lightweight mode! for women, Length: 7'. Weight: | .Jb., 7 oz Each ree 2 * 9,95 C. Lawn Sheers -- for trimming lawn hedges, etc. @ Powerful bolt assembly proper cutting tension and balance @ Rust-resistant steel blodes rips for extrq comfort PHONE 725-7373 ARDEN y MEN Foam Shaving Cream (Aerosol) "approx. 5¥2 oz. tin, each After Shave Lotion "Citrus Wood" or "Sandalwood" Plastic Bottle, approx. 4 oz. Glass Bottle, approx. 6 oz. 4 00 seen es 4 Pre-Electric Shave Lotion Plastic Bottle, approx. 4-0z. each ...... Glass Bottle, approx. 6-0z. each EATON'S MALL LEVEL DEPT, 312 Stay Fresh as a Daisy. . eersucker UMMER Ordinarily 10.98 Special, each 6.99 2 The cool -- fresh -- classic favourite! Cotton seersucker in light candy stripes sports a trim collarless jacket with 2 mock pockets, but- ton front and short cuffed sleeves with slimming sheath skirt. Easy- to-care-for-cotton in charcoal, tan, powder, light green, navy, pink, 'turquoise, or yellow, all on white. Misses sizes 12 to 20, half-sizes 16% to 241%. Please state second colour choice. EATON'S UPPER LEVEL DEPT. 545 PHONE 725-7373 Make It A Big Day For Dad... June 20 Arden For Father's Day Visit EATON'S Drug Department to see the wide range or Arden Gift Ideas for Men. Choose from two masculine scents... Citrus Wood or Sandalwood. Available in handsome simulated leather sets, novelty designs and as separ- ate items -- all in attractive gift boxes. Cologne 'Citrus Wood" or "'Sandalwood" Plastic Bottle, Sandalwood only, approx. 4 0z., each rien ake 3.50 oan ae 1,00 Glass Bottle, approx. 4 oz. Leen tee aca SOAP -- Hand Soop, each Hand Soap Travel Container, each eit PHONE 725-7373 EATON'S Telephone Order Service Open Monday fo Saturday 8:30 A.M. fo 6 P.M. Thursday and Friday 8:30 A.M. io 9P.M,