She Oshawa Gunes Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 1962 -- PAGE 6 Another Test Of Soviet Desire For Arms Sanity There is increasing pressure in the United States for resumption of nuclear tests in the atmosphere. The United States was put on the spot by the Rus- sian tests last fall, and while President Kennedy has so far resisted the demands for above-ground, testing, he may not be able to continue to do so in the face of evidence that the Soviet tests enabled the Russians to threaten the U.S. lead in nuclear devices. Resumption of US. tests, particularly before March when arms control talks start again at Geneva could and prob- ably would force a radical change in the pattern of discussion of both nuclear tests and controlled disarmament. The West, in agreeing to the inclu- sion of the nuclear test ban subject in the disarmament agenda at Geneva, made what was a bargaining move. In effect, it gave the Soviet Union one more -- and possibly the last-chance to demonstrate the honesty of its pro- fessed desire to stop the spread of atomic weapons. But if the Soviet in March opens a long quibble over arms pro- duction controls and refuses to discuss an inspected test ban until later, it will be apparent that the Kremlin is interest- ed only in delay and deception. Then the United States would be forced to resume testing in the atmosphere. Resumption of U.S. testing would also make it extremely difficult to pick up the course of arms control discussion, particularly if the Russians did not substantially soften their bargaining position. Indeed, some observers have come to think that, no matter what is done about tests or demands for test bans, production control or missile con- trol now offers a better starting point for an effort to restore sanity to the mad nuclear situation. This move could be made after a round of US. tests. But time is running out. The test of Russian intention is not a leisurely exercise, Household Improv ement Even those who claim to have good memories probably will be surprised at the actual record of the improvements in day-to-day living conditions that have taken place over the last 10 or 20 years in Canada. The changes show up by comparison of the survey, Household Facilities and equipment in 1961, just released by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics, with similar studies made in earlier years. One significant change is in the pro- portions of households where automobiles are owned: in 1961, 69 per cent; in 1951, 43 per cent; in 1941, 37 per cent. Central heating has shown about the same relative improvement: from 39 per cent to 50 per cent to 67 per cent. Changes in some items of household equipment have been quite startling in the period: households with electric refrigerators, from 21 to 48 to 92 per cent; with electric vacuum cleaners, from 24 to 42 to 69 per cent; with gas or electric cooking ranges, from 40 to 51 to 79 per cent; with telephones, from 40 to 60 to.85 per cent. Electric washing machines were not listed in the 1941 survey but from 1951 . to 1961 the proportion of households so equipped increased from 73 to 96 per cent. Radios were nearly as common in the two former years as now -- the pro- portionate increase was from 78 to 93 to 96 per cent -- but the country's first TV station started operation only in 1952 and last year there were televi- sion sets in 84 per cent of households, The preliminary report of the 1961 survey does not mention electricity or running water, but using the 1960 figures for these two basic conveniences the im- provements over 1941 and 1951 have been: for electricity, from 69 to 88 to 97 per cent; for running water, from 61 to 75 to 90 per cent. Probably one factor reflected in all these changes has been the decline in the availability of domestic help. Certainly another factor has been urbanization, the shift of a large part of the population from farms to towns. But the principal factor has been the rise in incomes, Communist Loyalties Discipline has always been one of the more obvious aspects of communism. In Canada, for instance, the party has performed many amazing convolutions in response to directions from head office. Thus it is not easy to accept the muted quarrels of Moscow and Peking, or Albania's formal severance of diplomatic relations with Russia, as evidence of a real break up of the com- munist camp. But it is the opinion of Edward Crankshaw, of the London Ob- server, one of the West's ablest experts on the communist world, that we are in fact witnessing an "epochal drama." "Until now," writes Mr. Crankshaw, "the campaign of mutual polemic and intrigue has been referred to in the oblique manner beloved of communists but at best irritating, at worst meaning- less, to unbelievers. Even today there are people who find it hard to take the Albanian issue seriously and who are still unconvinced that 'Albania' is the current Moscow ideograph for President Mao Tsetung. "One result of this ig that we are The Oshawa Times Tisike WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times {established 1871) and the Whitby Gazette and te {established 1863), is ae daily Sundays ond statutory holidays excepted). ' ot c di Daily Publishers Association, The Canadion Press, Avdit Bureau of Circulation ond the Ontorio Provincia! Dailies Asso- i The Press is exclusively entitled Press , and therein. Ali rights of special are also reserved. Offices: Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q, SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickeri Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Ibert, Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, | Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Brougham, Purketon, Claremont, |, Kinsale, Roglor Blackstock, * | ond Newcastle, not over 45c¢ per week. By mail (in Province of Ontorio) outside corriers delivery creas' 12.00 per year. Other Provinces and Commonwecith Countries 15.00. U.S.A. and Foreign 24.00. Circulation for the issue of November 30, 1961 18,006 missing the unfolding of what can fairly be described as a great epochal drama, the fragmentation of the Communist International. Another is that close observers of this drama have been so intent on demonstrating that it exists that they have had no time to speculate freely on how it came about why it continues, where it is leading -- or, indeed, more elementary still, who, pre- cisely, is quarrelling with whom ... "Most people are familiar with the main issues between the two antagonists. But what has never been clear is whether Mr. Khrushchev. has been carrying the whole Soviet Party with him or not. At the 22nd Party Congress in October last year there were many signs to indicate that his renewed onslaught on Mr. Mao's position took everybody by surprise, not only the Chinese, who walked out, but also the Soviet com- trades; and that he was using the occasion to force an issue not only with the Chinese but, through his renewed attacks on the anti-party group, also with re- calcitrant comrades at home. "Be this as it may, vistas of a new and fascinating kind open up before our eyes. We had long been all too self- consciously -- self-pityingly indeed -- aware that Communists in a bourgeois society find their highest expression of loyalty in the service of Moscow and do not regard themselves as traitors when, for example, they work for the Kremlin against Whitehall... Communists in a communist society may not be immune from the same disease." Bible Thought But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us..~--- Romans 5:8. This is the heart of the gospel, that God loves with such a costly love the unlovely. Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ were baptizd into his death? -- Romans 6:3. The baptismal experience unites us with the Cross experience of our Lord, "We'll Just Fire A Few Blanks To Give You, The Feel Of it" YOUR HEALTH Relieve Pressure To Remove Callus By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD Dear Dr. Molner: Is there any particular way of removing a callus from the ball of the foot? We have tried all sorts of remedies. My husband is on his feet all day on hard cement. Mrs. J. T. A callus is a thickening of the skin due to unusual pressure Remove the pressure and in time the callus will go away of its own accord. The proof is in what happens to someone do- ing work that puts heavy and continued pressure on the hands --hammering, chopping wood, digging in the garden, rowing a boat. Anytséag that causes sub- stantial pressure. Stop doing, and one day you realize that the hands have softened. The calluses have dis-_ appeared so gradually that you didn't notice. It's similar with calluses on the feet, except that conditions aren't quite the same as a rule. A callus on the hand isn't so painful because it isn't jammed into the flesh. Or if it is a bit painful, you change your grip so the callus doesn't hurt--that is, doesn't press too hard into the flesh underneath. On the foot, however, you REPORT FROM U.K. Anti-Bomb Rally Foiled By Clerk By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent To The Oshawa Times LONDON -- What has now become the traditional Easter Monday nuclear disarmament rally at Trafalgar Square will be missing from that historic site when that date rolls around this year. A 29-year-old clerk who lives at Cheam, near Rich- mond, has thwarted the plans of the Committee for Nuclear Disarmament to fill the square with tens of thousands of dem- onstrators on that day. He has done it by booking the square for a rally of another organiza- tion, which he himself has just started, known as the "Keep Britain Great'? group. He was successful in doing this because the regulations of the ministry of works concern- ing the use of Trafalgar Square for meetings is "First come, first served." His bid was put in ahead of that of the Com- mittee for Nuclear Disarma- ment. BEGAN IN PUB The whole scheme to keep the nuclear disarmament dem- ' onstrators off Trafalgar Square started over a pint of beer ig a local public house. The 29- year-old clerk, W. H. Gleaves, remarked to a friend: "It is about time someone stopped these weirdies." Said someone else, "We ought to do something." With these few words, the Keep Britain Great campaign was off to a modest start. But it has already achieved its main objectives -- to keep Tra- falgar Square clear of the nuclear disarmers on Easter Monday. Mr. Gleaves relates how he used the miniority of works regulations to achieve this prupose. SECURED PERMIT "Back in October," said Mr. Gleaves, "I wrote to the min- istry asking to book the Square for a "Keep Britain Great" meeting on Easter Monday. About a month later, I was notified that our permit had beén granted. "To be honest, that was all we wanted to do -- to keep the nuclear disarmers out and save a lot of police time and trouble. We thought it was un- fair that they should get so much publicity. But now the thing has snowballed. We have got ourselves a meeting, and now we have to find some speakers. A friend of mine is a retired clergyman named the Rev. John Collins. We thought it would be fun if we could have a Rev. Mr. Collins as a speaker." (iiie leader of the nuclear disarmament group is the Rev. Canon Collins.) NOT POLITICAL Mr. Gleaves emphasized that his campaign is not connected with any party. He and his supporters, now a committee of less than 100, have only one policy -- down with nuclear disarmament. The Committee for Nuclear Disarmament, however, is not dismayed by the loss of Trafal- gar Square for Easter Monday. A spokesman said: "Our national council decided at their quarterly meeting on December 3rd, that Trafalgar Square was too small for our rally, so we are not worried at all. We are negotiating with the ministry of works for permis- sion to hold the rally -- with all the facilities we need like loud- speakers and an enclosure -- in Hyde Park." can't "change your grip." Your foot stays in essentially the same position inside the shoe, within limits of a small frac- tion of an inch. The pressure comes repeatedly on exactly the same point. If you walk five miles in a day you step on each foot nearly 5,000 times; with the pressure always in the same place! Or even if you mostly stand still, the pressure is there. RELIEF POSSIBLE So, with those facts, what can be done about a painful callus on the ball of the foot? Why, relieve the pressure. How? First, if the person is over- weight, reduce. Second, have an expert exam- ine for faulty "'foot mechanics," meaning flatness, fallen arches, or other less common defects. Third, if this examination in- dicates that shoes aren't prop- erly fitting the foot, get new ones. There's sometimes more to "proper fit'? than getting shoes long enough and. wide enough. Arch supports or other modifications may be needed Believe me, some defect in the arch or\structure can throw the foot into a position that isn't painful -- except that it keeps the foot from distributing the weight properly, and the re- sult is a callus where the weight is concentrated. Floors, whether wood, ce- ment or other materials, don't make any great amount of dif- ference. If conditions are such to cre- ate a callus, getting rid of the callus means only that a new one will form. That's why trim- ming, paring, or medication are at best temporary. You've got to get rid of the pressure -- the cause--before you are perma- nently rid of a callus. Home remedies, for that rea- son, are of hardly any use. Better a bill for an examina- tion by your doctor or by a podiatrist, and perhaps differ- ent shoes, than continued tor- ture of the feet. Dear Dr. Molner: My hus- band drinks five or six shots of whiskey before he 'eats his lunch. Is this harmful? He has a duodenal ulctr and belches a lot. T. 8S. Certainly it's harmful, and your husband doesn't need me to tell him so. His ulcer is tell- ing him so, too--but he won't listen. Evidently he's one of these people who have to learn the hard way. I'm sorry. BY-GONE DAYS 35 YEARS AGO Announcement was made that an office for the clerk of the first division court for the County of Ontsrio was to be established in Oshawa. New telephone directories showed that Oshawa had 3900 telephone subscribers and 464 new installations had been made in 1926. G. D. Conant was named chairman of the Oshawa Gen- eral Hospital Board of Direc- tors. J. D. Storie, who resign- ed as chairman,' was selected as president. Development of a third case of smallpox caused some alarm in the city and Dr. T. W. G. McKay, MOH, issued a plea for all cluzens not vaccinated to have it dene John Gibson, John Stanton and O. R. Burns were appointed members of the Board of Health for the current year. About 60 boys were guests of the Oshawa Rotary Club at a Father and Son banquet held at Welsh's Parlors. Ed Kelsey, secretary of the Toledo Rotary Club for several years, was the guest er, Innis Grant, president of the South Ontario Agricultural So- ciety for two years, announced his retirement at the annual meeting of the Board. Major R. B. Smith was elected the new president. Phoenix. Lodge, IOOF, was host to Beaches Lodge, Toron- to, at its annual banquet held in. the Oshawa Collegiate audi- torlum. District Deputy Grand Master Bro. W. G. Bunker ex- pressed appreciation to the vis- itors, who provided a fine min- strel concert. Reeve A. W. Jackson of Whitby was elected Warden of Ontario County at the inaugural meeting of the County Council. The construction of the new Adams building just south of King on Simcoe street was in bi progress of nearing comple- ion. D. D. Mullin was re-elected chairman and A. C, Love secre- tary of the Separate School Board for 1927. At an Anglican Young Peo- ple's meeting Arthur Slyfield of Centre Street school gave an interesting address on '"'The Life of the Canadian Poet, Bliss Carman", Algerian Rebels Give Sahara Oil Immunity ALGIERS (Reuters) -- Some 16,000,000 tons of oi] poured out of France's Sahara desert oil- fields last year, unaffected and untroubled by the seven-year Algerian insurrection. The charmed life of the pre- cious oil, which has enabled France to overcome foreign ex- change difficulties and provided development funds for the Sa- hara and Algeria, is one of the enigmas of the Algerian war. Since the first oil strikes were made in 1956, the French-built installations and 2,025 miles of oil and natural gas pipelines have been virtually immune from attack. An isolated insurgent attack in 1959, which blew up an oil train on the Touggouart-to- Mediterranean railroad before a pipeline was built, is the only case on record when the flow of oil was halted, even tempor- arily. A possible answer to the rid- die of oil's apparent immunity lies in the demand of the rebel Algerian provisional government for sovereignty over the Sa- hara. The insurgent leaders count on the revenues and power resources of the oil and natural gas to give a future in- dependent Algeria a privileged economic place in North Africa, OIL SPELLS POWER If the long-sought-after peace is achieved in 1962, it will find Algeria equipped with power resources unrivalled in Africa. These resources were dis- covered and developed by France with an energy and speed which would have been astonishing even without an Al- gerian war. The Moslem insurrection was well under way when, in 1956, rospectors discovered oil at Edjele, near the Libyan fron- tier, and at Hassi Messaoud, east of the desert oasis of Ouargla. Three years later, a 410-mile pipeiine from Hassi Messaoud to the seaport of Bougie running through some of the insurrection "black spots" of eastern Algeria, put France on the world oil map. So far, this pipeline alone has carried some 15,000,000 tons of crude oil to tankers at Bougie, which ferry it to France. Last year, 8,600,000 tons passed through the pipeline whose ca- pacity has just been raised to 14,000,000 tons a year by the' addition of more pumping sta- tions. Another 510 miles of pipeline, laid in six months in 1960 from Edjele to the Tunisian port of Skhirra, carried more than 6,- 500,000 tons of crude in 1961. The speedy development of the Sahara oil and natura) gas fields has been followed by the laying of a total of more than 1,120 miles of pipeline in Algeria and the Sahara in the last 12 months. The insurgents made no attempt to interfere. Some 530 miles of pipeline link the vast natural-gas re- serves of Hassi R'Mel with Oran and Algiers More than 8,828,690,000 cubie feet of natu- ral gas have gone to Algerian consumers since the pipeline be- came operative in February, 1961. This is only a fraction of bed Hassi R'Mel field's poten- A preliminary agreement has been signed to deliver 35,000,- 000,000 cubic feet of liquified gas a year to Britain. Plans also are being studied to lay oil. an undersea pipeline to export gas to Europe. This oil and gas holds the key to an industrialization without which Algeria's rapidly-increas- ing populaticn--now 10,000,000-- could hardly hope to improve its economic lot under indepen- dence. It is not surprising, then, that the insurgent leaders should make a bid for sovereignty over the Sahara and the source of all this wealth, regardless of the fact that the insurrection has never held sway ir the oasis town or in vast expanses of the desert. Politically, this demand has proved a stumbling block to a rene agreement, but one which ( rench government sources . have always maintained is "not insoluble." FIRMS REASSURED As far as econumics is con- cerned, the problem is clearer. At Evian and Lugrin, where abortive peace talks were held last summer, the government representatives in- dicated they were ready to "Respect French cconomic in- terests" in the Sahara, If they were given sovereignty over the desert, they would not French oil companies p and prospecting for oil and gas. Since 1958, French oil po has been aimed, not at dra financial profit from Sahara og by exploiting it for the bene- it o populations. France, however, wants to retain the stra benefit of controlling her own oil resources and the economic benefit of saving the foreign ex- change formerly used to middie eastern and American Oil royalties are fixed on a 50-50 profit-sharing basis tween the oi] companies -- in which the French government has big interests--and- the Sz hara and Algeria on the q The Sahara takes 75 per cent and Algeria 25 per cent of their it on de of the Algerian war, there has been no sign that either French government or the gerian insurgent leadens wish to upset the oil status quo un- der which France gets the oil and Algeria and Sahara receive development resources. Minister Live Symbol Of Disparate OTTAWA (CP) -- A French- thinking Irishman from Quebec, grandson of an Imperial army officer who helped to maintain colonial rule in Canada, stands as a living synthesis of this country's disparate cultures Raymond Joseph Michael O'Hurley, 52-year-old defence production minister, almost seems to symbolize the concept of dual culture and language en- shrined in Confederation. Though Irish by ancestry-- and by every line of his rough- hewn, Celtic features--he repre- sents a constiiuency that is 99.9 cent French: Lotbiniere, a short distance southwest of Que- bec City. : English. was the language spoken in his childhood home in St. Gilles, Que. His father could barely make his way in French QUEEN'S PARK Byelections Place Premier In Charge By DON O'HEARN TORONTO -- We now have a "Robarts" government in On- tario. The Frost regime in the prov- ince unofficially, but definitely ended on Jan. 22. On that day Premier Robarts returned to his office from the byelection campaigns. And he took over, once and for all. The hopeful dream of "or- derly transition" had been knocked on the head. This theme had been heard much of before and after the Tory leadership convention. It was said that it would be in the best party interest to change leaders without rocking the boat. There were those who thought this was looking for a miracle. That leadership has to centre on one man. And that if he is to lead, things must be done his way. Subsequent events seem to have proven this to be true. DIDN'T WORK Mr. Robarts#ried to be a fish- fowl leader. He tried to do what he felt should be done, but in the manner in which Mr. Frost would have done it. And he found this didn't work. Not even his thinking was un- inhibited He couldn't think sim- ply what he felt was best. He had to think what Mr. Frost might have done about what he felt was best: And this almost ruled out ef- fective planning. The frustration of this was particularly evident on the hust- ings. Watching. Mr. Robarts was like looking at a man trying to play Hamlet in a dinner jacket while everyone else around him was in mediaeval costume. The setting was all in the old Frost pattern: the tea parties, the cheerful handshake, the folksy atmpsphere. But the new premier is going along in the old master's foot- steps might as well have been wearing snow-shoes, The people liked him well enough. But his personality wasn't registering with them. It is to Mr. Robarts' credit that he did this. There is a niceness about him which makes him not want to offend anyone unnecessarily. He went along because many people who had helped. him win office felt he should, and be- cause anything else might look like offence to Mr. Frost. But not any longer. The byelection results were what he needed. They demonstrated to him that he must take over And perhaps they were the best thing that could have happened to him in that now nobody could dispute this. There will be changes made. Cultures and his mother didn't care to try. But he picked up the lan- guage at an early age and now is equally fluent in both. Over the years he has come to "think in French" rather than English. At the same time = retained a robust Irish He married a French - Cana- dian, Charlotte Demers, and French is the language spoken in the O'Hurley home. But his five children--four boys and a girl -- have Irish or English names, ' In the recent census Dermot, 22, a student at the University of Ottawa, and Bertha, 21, registered nurse in Quebec City, were old enough to be independ- ently enumerated. Dermot reg- ° istered as of French descent, Bertha as of Irish descent. "I think I am in a position * to express the wishes and opin- ions of the Freneh - Canadian people," he relaxed in his comfortably © appointed office about five ntin- utes' walk from Parliament. Hill. "T have been accepted as one of their own, I think French, though I still observe St. Pat- rick's Day and like to visit Treland once in a while. The problems of the French-Cana- dian are my problems." ATTACKS SEPARATISM A contemporary issue in Fre- nch Canada for which he has little sympathy is separatism. National unity has been ab most a second ministry for the baldish, hard - working former lumberman since his appoint ment May 12, 1958, to head the department which ig the com tracting authority for procure ment of defence supplies. He agrees that for French Canada, Confederation has pro- duced special probiems. But he insists there is only one place to deal with them--inside Con-. federation. What is needed above all else, he says, is understanding. To achieve this he advocates more exchanges between French- speaking and English-speaking Canada--exchanges of students, professors and intellectuals. GALLUP POLL Canadians Optimistic About Living Standards Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion The start of another year finds the Canadian people far more optimistic than people in mary other parts of the world that their standard of living -- al- ready one of the world's highest -- will continue to rise. Of nine nations covered in an international Gallup Poll study, only two -- the U.S.A. and Hol- land -- match Canada's opti- mism about the future. In four other countries--Great By Britain, Finland, Norway and West Germany -- the weight of opinion is that living standards will remain about the same as they are now. In Uruguay and Vietnam, sen- timent is on the pessimistic side. The identical question was put to representative samples of adults in the nine nations: "Speaking generally would you say that your standard of liv- ing -- things you can buy and do -- is going up, going down, or remaining the same?" The Standard of Living Will Go: Up eoccecccccsccoes TODAY IN . HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Jan. 26, 1962... The Canadian Red Ensign was given official recognition 38 years ago today--in 1924. An or- der-in-council authorized display from "all buildings owned or oc- cupied by the Canadian govern- ment and situated without Can- ada." This was later changed to "within. as well as without Canada." 1837--Michigan was admitted to the United States of America. 1958--Bearer securities worth almost $2,000,000 were stolen from La Caisse Nationale de Fi- ducie, a Montreal trust com- pany. Great Britain Finland Norway W. Germany Uruguay A S. Vietnam ...cccees * Less than 1% m Om omnes en wR Looking into regional attitudes shows that in Canada the people of Quebec are the cheeriest about their future hopes, with 53 per cent reporting living standards on the up-and-up, Here's what Quebec, Ontario and the West think about it. Mari- timers match Western ratios very closely. Up. % Quebec Ontario West eecccccevevece 53 ccsscccscvccesces 49 It does not often happen that every man and sample has a positive opinion to give -- but on erners are very sure of themselves. World Copyright Reserved the Saharan and Algerian © 4 a a a , i \ GSAS Satake Ge SN Te TOTO AGT = q ve.