BETTER HOMES EDTTION Wide Range of Insulation Materials Availabie. Supply Warmth, Comfort, Decoration to the Home or Other Building. Some Technical Details in Regard to Insulaâ€" tion. (From The Canada Lumberman) There are several types of insulaâ€" tion in use, and the selection of the preper one to meet the requirements of each individual job often creates â€" scme perplexity. The various types may be confined to six or seven classes. among them being air spaces, wall fillâ€" ers, insulating wall board, semiâ€"rigid insulating dumP®er, insulating blocks and insulating gqui‘ts or blankets. Many retail lumber deailers carry a represenâ€" tative stock, and while they may reâ€" commend a certain type, they allow the â€"builder or home owner to make the final personal choice. ‘thinks more attention comfortable both in winter and sum mer, and it is generally the opinio that if people become more ediucate to the use of insulation, it is bound t go forward each year, and thatâ€" n barrier can check its everâ€"increasin sale and appreciation. Another dealer reports that T should be d rectsd to this subject among th farmers. He says that he is stressin insulation in all classes of buildin: and affirms that in due time its wort will ‘be recognized in every branch « construction. Air Spaces S uo a w to smasse _ s f _ L n 9 Now that the spring season is on, quite a rumber of firms have featured insulation materials, Displays are made showing the effect of insulation on the modern house, in order that the people may be impressed with the one thought of home insulation. Local newspapers have also been used to acquaint the trade with the advantages of the varâ€" ious materials. All dealers feel tha* as soon as people appreciate the value of insulation in buildings, parâ€" ticularly in a climate as varied in character as Canada‘s, they will be only too anxious to have their homes insulated, realizing that the oufUlay, which on the average home runs from $50 up to $150, is a paying investment. Thick insulation, say up to 4 inches,. between the ceiling and the roof is most generally favored as being the least expensive and most satisfactory in the long run. Regarded as Investment Various firms in advertising have used the phrase "Remember you pay for insulation whether you use it oft not."‘ Most dealers advise the cusâ€" tomer in building a new house to inâ€" sulzie thoroughly both walls and attic, and point out that this is not really an added cost, but an investment which pays big dividends. Of course, the central argument is, and always will be, that the insulated home is more Use of Insulation Helps To Make Better Homes Dave Martin is well acquainted with builders in the North Country, having planned some of the larger most recent structures in Timmins. With this wide experience as a contractor, he is fully qualified to handle your plans for buildâ€" ing, regardless of how large they may be. message 6 8 % ‘ TO PEOPLE PLANNING TO BUILD Your first consideration, when you decide to build is to engage the services of a reliable contractor. _ A consultation with D. Martin before you plan your buildâ€" ing will no doubt prove to your advantage, and save you much time and expease DAVE MARTIN Let the H. I. P Help You. r= _ (@)NO JOB TOO LARGE (@ In balloon frame construction air spaces are best broken up by nailing in filler blocks at frequent intervals which provice at the same time a valâ€" uable fire stop. comfortable both in winter and sumâ€" mer, and it is generally the opinion that if people become more ediucated to the use of insulation, it is bound to go forward each year, and thatâ€" no barrier can check its everâ€"increasing sale and appreciation. Another dealer reports that he thinks more attention should be diâ€" rect2d to this subject among the farmers. He says that he is stressing insulation in all classes of building, and affirms that in due time its worth will ‘be recognized in every branch of construction. Air Spaces Air spaces are probably the aldest and best known means of preventing loss of heat through walls The most e‘fic‘snt heat insulasor is undoubtedly a vacuum but practical constructional difficulties render it impractical of use for houses. Second in efficiency is a gas, such as air in a completely still state, but it must not be supposed that the air in a simple air space, as for example, between two walls, is in such a condition. In a hollow house wall the air next the warm inside beâ€" comes heated and rises to the top of the air space, finally imparting most of its heat to the cold outer wall, and sinks again. The cycle of movement, termed convection currents, which is set up by the difference in temperaâ€" ture of the walls, destroys much of the insulating value credited to still air. It is true, of course, that air spaces prevent heat loss by conduction, but to obtain maximum insulation they must be confined, vertically at least, at oneâ€"foot irtervals. Wall Fillers The function of wall fillers is first to subdivide the air space into cells so minute that convection, though ncd entirely prevented., ceases to be imporâ€" THF PORCUPINE ADVANCE, TIMMINS, ONTARIO tant, and second, to prevent heat loss by direct radiation. As the name implies, these materials are used for filling air spaces in walls, roofs and flcors. Light, porous maâ€" terials are best because of the great number of contained air cells, preferâ€" ence being accorded to shose. odorless substances most immune to moisture, vermin, decay, Settling and fire. Wall fillers of vegetable origin in common use include planer shavings, granulated cork and eel grass. Other materials of a similar nature, either used to a smallâ€"extent or proposed are moss, peat, charcoal, cellular or exâ€" panded rubber, kapok, lyxhayr waste fibre from the eucalyptus tree), cotâ€" tonseed hulls and sawdust. Wall fillers of mineral origin most generally used as mineral wool, a gypâ€" sum powder impregnated with chemiâ€" cals which on mixture with water proâ€" duces a porous honeyâ€"combed mass, heat treated vermiculite (an altered mica which exfcliates and expands to 15 times its original volume on heatâ€" ing) asbestos fibre and slag. Other mineral fillers include pumice, diatoâ€" macious earth, magnesia, coke dust and sand. Some of these materials, such as kapok, lyxhayr and charcoal, are not much used for insulation because of their extrems inflammability and othâ€" ers such as sawdust and cottonseed hulls settle very rapidly and are subâ€" ject to daestruction by fire and decay. In using granulated cork, planer shavings are sometimes added to reâ€" duce the cost. If planer shavings are used alone as a wall filler, they should be mixed wi@th air slaked lime in the proportions of one pclund of lime to ten pounds of shavings to exclude verâ€" min and decay. Shavings are also sometimes treated with creosote to preserve them. Ell grass, cork and the mineral fillers do not require treatment with preservatives. Balloon Frame Structures In balloon frame structures the usual wood or wall jboard sheathing forms a containing wall on the outâ€" side of the studs for wall fillers. On the inside varicus materials, such as wood sheathing, wall boards or exâ€" panded metal lath are usually applied to the studs for an enclosing medium. The wall fillers are either poured or packed tightly into the space provided, which may be enlarged by using 6â€" inch studs if a greater thickness of inâ€" sulaticon is deemed necessary. In hallow brick or monolithic conâ€" OFFICEâ€"57 CEDAR ST. N.â€"PHONE 2005 GENERAL CONTRACTOR $"_ yR »"" 'l.‘ crete structures, wall fillers are simiâ€" larly used to fill the air spaces. They are also frequently utilized to advanâ€" tage in the hollow spaces of concrete and cinder block or hollow tile walls. Wall fillers are also applicable for insulating the upper part of a house. If the attic is to be used for living quarters, sheathing or wall board is first nailed to the under side of the â€"afters and the resultant space is packed with a wall filler, ctherwise the insulating inaterial is placed beâ€" tween the joists in the upper floor. Wall fillers are also packed between the joists or lower floors to provice warmth and sound deadening. _ most important point to bear in mind, when insulating with wall fillers, is that a certain amount of settlement is bound to occur, leavins a space uninsulated. To provide for this contingency a removable cover should be provided at the top of the air space to facilitate refilling operaâ€" tions. It is also essential that the maâ€"~ terials used as a filler are odorless, do not decay or harbor vermin. This type of insulator, which has been aptly designated manâ€"made lumâ€" ber, is produced from material of vegâ€" etable origin, such as wood pulp, waste wood, sawdust, planer shavings, coarse pulp screenings and bagasse (sugar cane wasto). Inswating lumbers are said to posâ€" sess many of the characteristics of orâ€" dinary lumber. They may be saws» and nailed and possess considerablie structural strength, which is increased. by the large size of the manufactured sheets. Manufacturers claim that these boards do not warp or crack, and posâ€" sess from three to four times the inâ€" sulating value of wood. Insulating Lumbers When properly sized they take stains, paints and wallpapsr and provide an excellent appearance when panellai with baten strips. Hence they are much in Cemand as both an interior and exserior finish. In balloon frame structures shey are frequently appliecd (Continued on Next Page) The usual merhod of manufactur®» comprises the complete disintegration. of the raw material in disintegrators, the elimination of juices and resing in digesters and finally the production of a compact board by felting the fibres on a screen or subjecting them to hydraulic pressure. In some cases the fibres are chemically treasted to resist vermin and moisture prior to the felting or moulding process. Financing is made easier under this plan THURSDAY, MAY 12TH, 1938