.vv-f * kind of W'$TWK§¥§W&EQV&M6$WWW-JM . ,..,,,.,, W... .... .. a. _ . '91:. .. ~. . .,. ., arr-2mg.er l'llN'l‘S FOR J THE FARMER. CHEAP MEAT. Up to this day the majority of farm- 1 cars live principally on pork for their B't..ple meat. This is very natural, 15 big meat is the ‘lhandiost, easiest to . Euro and keep. The meat of domestic {owls enters somewhat into the bill Df fare, but .not as often as it might. and it is a pretty expensive luxury with the most of farmers. Some of them have reduced their system of keeping fowls to one requiring al- most .no labor on their part. Grain is turned into a hopper or large feed trough once a week, enough to last them that length of time. It is a very simple system, one I would imi~ tote, but the ifowls thus raised come pretty high, and the egg basket rc-. mains empty a large share of the year. Fowls managed that way are always ready for the kettle, but are ilso dear meat. Some years ago I _ Lemmeinced rowinn‘ Bel rian hares to :2 supply our table with a greater vari- ety of meat, and I found the meat of them not only to be very fine if cooked properly, but also very cheap. I am safe in saying that the cost of the production of hares is not half that of the average farm poultry. The feed utilized costs often almost nothing, except the labor of gathering it, and the children will often do that with pleasure. Hares will also on- dure neglect and mismanagement much better than poultry. They will tmansform. all sorts of weeds, such as catnip, peppermint, fhorsc‘mint, plan- tain, dandelions, thistles, tag alder leaves and twigs and bark, fruit tree trimmings and surplus vegetables of any kind into the choicest meat. In fact, the more hubs are fed the swe t- or the meat will be. The hares will not refuse nice clover and alfalfa, neither green or dry. During the winter time I feed mostly clovor, and also orchard trimmings. Quite a number of these animals may be turn- ed loose in the barnyard during win- ter. They will pick their living from the stack and from the «hay and other stock waste. “Thile hares will thrive tolerably well under maltreatment and neglect I want to say whatever pays to do at all pays best when done well. I give my lhares just as good treatment as my lfOWlS. They do not require very much. room and may be crowded much more than poultry. However, there are points that mush be watch- ed. Breeding docs should be kept in separate little rooms and should have the best of care, especially while suckling young. I give them grain, oats and- wheat, night and morning; and also sweet, skimmed, milk and fresh water every day. They may be bred every seven or ï¬ght weeks and thayoung should be separated from their mothers when from six to seven weeks old. After weaning the food of the little hares should consist partially in feed stirred with milk if it can be had. They soon learn, to eat any whole grain, enjoy roots, apples, weeds, clover, etc. At four and not more than five months the sexes must be separated to prevent their breeding too young and inbreed- ing at the same time. It does not work well to put hares of different ages together in close quarters;someâ€" times losses occur from such? a prac- tice. I therefore try to have my breeding does all have their young at tlh'e same time, then the young of all the mothers may be weaned together and placed in one pen. The time to fatten and to dispose of surplus stock iSVV'hlEln from four to six months old, providing you have a market for them at the time; otherwise {they may be held till fall or winter, but the males must in that case be castrated. In neighborhoods where there is a scar- city of useless dogs, quite a number of the animals may be left to roam at large during the summer around barn and buildings. I have not known them. to dome any. harm. They will pick up their living and become fat without any grain and care whatever. Cats sometimes learn to cat ‘11 and kill young hares, so it does not answer to turn them out under three or four months of: age. Troublesome cats must be disposed of. I use the shotâ€" gun. Like poultry, so hares can be marked, not between their toes, but on their long ears, which give the very best of opportunity to punch! holes or out litlle islits. Thals marked, one can easily keep track of the different ages, sexes, castrated animals, new stock bought, etc. A record will have to be kept in that case. UTILIZINGâ€" HEN POWER. A farmer writes that he utilizes the natural tendency of his hens to in his garden. He makes long, nar- row cages, just wide enough to fir between his garden rows of vegeta- bles, etc; has slat si:les,'board tops and open bottoms. In these cages he puts his best dirt throwers and lets them hoe out the patch. “hen the ground is well torn up he moves the i cage along and in this way keeps the earth mellow and the garden free ! from insects. THE CLUB A M. i Churning too rapidly makes oily butter. 1 Cream ripened too soon will not give ‘3 all of the butter. l Butter color will not cover up do- ‘ fccts in grain or flavor. It is the percentage of fat in milk : that determines. I, The cow that gives a good return for the food consumed is the one for i profit. i Milking should always be done with as little disturbance of the cow as posâ€" sible. Sometimes butter will be streaked on account of not being properly washed or ï¬vorked. The natural {flavor of butter can- not be removed by washing in cold water. Careful manipulation with the cream and everything else put right will make good butter without wash- ing'. There is no profit in poor butter, no matter how cheaply it may be pro- duced. Thtree fourths of the cow’s fool goes to body maintenance and one fourth to profit making. Above the {food of production that I goes to unilk a cow demands food of support in proportion to her size. If milk is to be used for butter or cream deep setting and speedy sep- aration will‘g'iwe the best results. It is less work to force buttermilk out of the butter when in granular form. and it can be done more effec- I tively. I The better milk development secur- ed with the first calf the better reâ€" sults it is possible to secure. It is nearly impossible to get things sweet and clean if they are left for hours or over night withl sour cream or buttermilk in them. All vessels should be cleansed as soon as emptied. w..â€" DISEASE 0F DUCKS. The duck is afflicted with but few diseases, the most prominent being vertigo and convulsions. The first comes from overfecding, and can be mg them on a grass diet exclusively. Convulsions are caused by dampness, poor food and filthy coops. The best remedy is to clean out the ‘coops, make them dry and feed on nourishing food. Ducks should always have dry quar- ters at night. . ...__....,_.__v.. ODD THOUSAND VILLAGES Scattered Through Great lirltalnâ€"Rcsl- ileum-:9 In fill! l! .llwzly Carriages. Scattered throughout the area of choppw Great Britain are numerous towns and villages of a curious character. One large village actually consists of old railway carriages, even the little mission chapel being built out of four large horse trucks. Another village, with a. population of 1,100 and a ratable value of £8,000, has neither church, chapel nor school,the only public edifice being a pillar letâ€" tarâ€"box. Villages with a single inhabitant are not unknown. At Skiddaw, in Cumberland, there is a solitary house- holder, who cannot vote because there is no overseer to prepare a voters’ list, and no churcn or other public building on which to publish one; while the only ratepaycr in a cer- tain Northumberland parish has re- cently declined to bear the expense of repairing a road because he con- siders it quite good enough for ‘himâ€" self. In the Isle of Ely there is a little parish which has been somewhat con- temptuously described as "a portion of land, with three or four houses and perhaps twelve inhabitants.†This place. has no roads at all, and is, con- sequently, put to no expense at keep- ing them in repair. As a matter or fact, there are no expenses of any kind and no rates. One of the most remarkable villages in England, is Kempston, near Bed- ford, which is seven miles long and extremely straggling. To walk from one end of the village to the other oc- cupies two hours. Sometimes whole villages will prac- tically disappear. A little Shropshire village has gradually sunk, until new it is almost out of sight. It is built on a disused coalâ€"pit, and the sinking goes on steadily every year. Now and then a tottering house is propped up to keep it standing, but in spite of all precautions, buildings are con- stantly falling to the ground. and in course of time doubtless nothing will be left but a few bricks to mark the scratch {or letting them do the work spot where a village once stood. m- in. am 5).. ............:;....w:* - cured or prevented generally by kccp- ' KRUGEB. AT Sill! BOER PRESIDENT. NOW BUT A FIGURE IN HISTORY. .1 Dream and a 'l‘cummllon.'l‘lmt (‘amc “and In Hand to 00m Paulâ€"Great Inn-ghcrs Who Voted for Peace. The south African war began twelve months ago. Paul Kruger was born seventyâ€"five years ago, All of that threeâ€"quarters of a century has boom for him and his people a period of strife, of struggle, of vain wrest- ling with the irresistable forces of evolution and development. Now, in his ol.l age, he stands an exile from his country, a fugitive from the champion of progress. The fittest has survived, and President Kruger is now but a figure in history. But his is a notable figure. All the coarseâ€" ness of his pcasantism, all the meanâ€" n‘eass of his actions, all the corruption of his Government cannot remove 'from. him the grandeur of a. great personnllily, writes Douglas Story in the London Daily Mail. Absolutely illiterate, unable to read a letter, writing only that curi- ous- scran J. P. (Kruger, he has i'n~ vented and fought for a policy that needed the largest army Great Bri- taiin has ever dispatched from her shores to crush and annihilate it. Krugerism is something actual and practical, the definite aspiration of a statesman, the li'fc's longing of a man who at one time was a patriot. l A DREAM AND A TEMPTATION. Until gold came to tempt the old man’s senile greed. Paul Krugcr's dream of independence was as pure and praiseworthiy as that of lViliiam \Vallace or of \Vcrncr Stauffacher, He yearned to keep in its pastoral. simplicity the little sanctuary he had formed away from the restraints and the Vices of civilization. i To him the lState was but an ex- pansion of the hills-houding, with all its cares and worries, augmented, inâ€" deed, yct calling for the. same justice and the same morality as did the lit- 1 Us homestead on the vcldt. He could i not imagine any national problem too icomlplex to be settled over a cup of icoffee upon his house-step. '\Vith his misâ€"read Bible for political hand- book, and [his memory for constitu- tional history, he dared rule a nation and conduct diplomatic affairs. \Vith the advent of revcnucs came the need for a steward, and in his gblilndness xhc invoked the aid of the i Hollander. Therein lies the whole ex- ' planation of Kruger’s fall. ! At no time were the Iâ€"Iollanders af- gfectcd by the sentiment that made ithe Boer a gallant fee, a worthy ienemy. They merely exploited the [Transvaal for what of advantage it imight 11011 for them. They hated the Uitlander because he was mental- ly and in education their: equal, in probity their superior. 'l‘hcy sucked the blood of the Boer indiscriminately with that of the Briton, and they .intrivglued against the Transvaalcr as l they did against the Englishman and Scotchman. | l A DE:SPO"I"S REASONS. Yei 11s ago I asked Paul Kruger why he employed so many Hollandch in Government offices when there was so fine a crop of youthful, educated Africanders ripe to his hand. He said;' “sAfricanders I cannot use. They would not be true to me. Eng- lishmen I cannot use. They are hon- est, but they bluntly tell me they are my enemies: The Hollanders fear me. If I growl. at them, they tremble. I can use them." And so to maintain his personal. power, Paul Kruger surrounded himâ€" solf with an entourage of Hollandcrs, a cordon of corruption .Meanly scr- vile when seeking work, the Trans- vaal Hollander is a tyrant wherever he is possessed of a little brrief auâ€" thority. From end to end of the Republic he was hated, and, when the war cachthe ol.l takhaar shouldered his Mauser, muttering, “\Vhichever way the 'war goes, new we ishall get rid of the Hollander.†- There- was throughout the cam- paign a Hollander commando, until feeling became so strong between its members and the Boers it had to be dimbanded. The Hollanders, when matters had sufficiently developed, met in conference in Pretoria, and despatched a cable to their Queen, begging for a battleship to carry them safely away from the country they had buttoned upon so long. Those were the men who made the war, and who had repaid Paul Kruâ€" ger’s generosity by selling his Presi- :lency and his country’s independ- ence. THE POLICY OF THE HOLLANDl‘lB. The engineering of the debacle was , easy and congenial work to the H01- rin ago they realized that Paul Kruger was nearing his end, and that with his death would come the loss of all their power in the land. The Jame- son raixl afforded them a text from “which to preach British covetousness and British treachery. \Vhen President Steyn, the vainest and most shortâ€"sighted politician in South Africa, defeated Mr. Fraser at the polls, he was approached and of- fered the dual Presidency if he would cast in his lot with the Trans- vaal in a war wilhllreat Britain. As he hianï¬clf assured me at {Kroonstadh he fell the independence of his Repub- lic was menaco'l by Great Britain, 'an-zl the struggle must come now or he would be submerged. rThe I-Iolll'ndcrs fancied there was a chance, by puu'cliasc'l sympathy onlhc ,conlineni‘, by judicious titillalion of iinuternalional jealourzics, by careful llxundering to the prejudices of the peace party in England, to lmakc war without suffering permanent loss. In any evcnt, Transvaal Hollanrlers 'lliqu always. fished successfully in troubled waters, and the subsequent loss would be to the Boers, not to them. Those of us who watched things in the Transvaal in the month preceding Lord Roberts' occupation of Pretoria know best what skilled anglers they proved themselves to be. And so the intrigue developed to be- come a national policy. Paul Kruigor was blind, and Sir Alfred Milner stayed his hand at the beginning. Later, no man might stayt the war. BOERS XVI-IO VOTED FOR. PEACE. It is well to remember, however that the last scorct session of the Volksraddâ€"lho session ihat authoriz- ed, twelve months ago, the dcspatch- of its insolent ultimatum to Great ilhitain~the best of the Boers voted for peace. Those who voted against the issue of the ultimatum included Commondantâ€"Gencral Jo‘ubert, Genâ€" eral Louis Botha, General De 13. Roy, Genera l Lukas Meyer, General and Viceâ€"President Schalk Burger, and Mr. Barnaard, who was killed at Derdepoort. Those were the patriots among the I Boersâ€"the men who were never under - the Hollvn-‘crs influence, the men who fought the hardest for peace and have since fought the stoutcst for their country in the field. Paul Kruger was not of that number. He had de- termined on war. I ascribe his willingness to meet Great Britain in battle to religious Mini CANADA. Seven new pos'taffices have been opened in Ontario. . Deputy Chief Elmer, is new. chief of the Kingston fire lasagnade. The first mail t3 reach flaws-on this winter arrived there Nov. 13. On Nov. 13 Dn!w1sorn had been free from new cases of smallpox for ten days. Rev. Mr. McLeod, principal of the Indian Industrial School at Regina,is dead. James Slorah is charged at Dawson with the murder of Pearl Mitchell, a variety actress. The 22nd annual meeting of the On- tario Experimental Union will beheld at Guelph, December 10. The Hamilton Board of Trade fav- ours a. Dominion exhibit at the Pan American Exhibition at Buffalo. Capt. Scarth, of the N. ‘W. M. P. recorder for Stewart River district. had a narrow escape from drowning en route to Dawson. Venerable Archdczcon Dixon, of Guelph, who has retired, will receive a present of SSOO'and a yearly allow- ance of 535700 froun his congregation. vPilot Joseph La Rochelle, who ran the steamship Turret Bay ashore near Quebec, has been suspended for nine months. This in his first mishap in 20 years. Messrs. Mackenzie and Mann, at SVinnipeg state that 2.000 men will be engaged in the spring to build the remaining 140 miles of the Southâ€" eastern Bailway. , A. H. Selling, of New York, and H. C. Smith, of Mexico, are [at Ottawa in connection with a scheme for utiliz- ing the water power on the Ottawa nlear Tctrealuvillc. The tenant and owner of a house in Hull, Que, are suing the city for, lin all, 5,5103 damage caused by fire. The alarm could not be, sounded, and the city, they say, is responsible. UNI lTED STATES. John R. Beart is dead at Chicago from the effects of the bite of a bull- dog. Chicago, in an effort to'suppress crime, has appointed 131 more police- men. Alfred E. I‘Icarne was killed by a. train at Cone'scraga, N. Y. His wife ihas become insnae. women were murdered and rather than to political sentiments! Two A healthy belief has become with him irobberl and their bodies burned near a morbid fanaticism. To this moment jCeharlC/ttc, N. C. They lived alone. he believes God will yct grant himl A Chicago court has given Miss ' the victory even if it require the scat- Frances Cunningham $20,000 for inâ€" tering of all Lord Roberts' transâ€" juries received in falling from an Iports on their homward journey. His IllinO'La' Cenhral train. 'faitrh is as the faith of the Crom- Eight men dynamitcd the Bank of mitts on their homeward journey. His ' Ashley, at Ashley, Ohio, than: fired a religion does not effect himself or his conduct, but is strictly binding upon his inferiors and his opponents. â€"_.....___ GRAMMATICAL \VITH A VENGE- ANCE. ‘A certain Liverpool man who rep- resented one of the oldest families in the north of England had, many peculiarities. Among these was are- markably fastidious care for forms of speech and pronunciation. One day when he was. standing on the Prince’s landingâ€"stage he slipped in some manner and went into the water with a reéounding splash. There were a number of people about, and amongst them an old lady, who shriekâ€" ed as the gentleman disappeared. He’ll be drown-(led, she walled ; he'll be drown-dad. Just then the waters parted and the head of the victim of the accident ap- peared above the surface. Coughing and spluttering, he looked towards the agitated old lady. '. Drowned, you old idiot, he roared, drowned 1 And then they fished him out. _+_ SETTLING THE SPELLIN‘G. \Vhen Police-sergeant MlShane was :going into a barber’s shop he notic-‘ :ed '1 sign painted on' the window, [which read: Laundry agentecy. \Vhere did you learn to spell? he asked the barber. \Vhy, what's wrong? he asked in re- ply- Look at that sign, replied M’Shane. i Vho told you to spell agency that ' way? It doesn‘t look right, admitted the barber. \Ve had a big argument about it, me and the painter. I said I thought it was a-g-e-n-c-y. but he said it was a-g-e-n-câ€"e-y. He wouldn’t give in to me and Iwouldn't give in to him and we, left it to a man that‘s president of the School Board. He ispelt it the way it’s on the window fulsil'adle at the citizens who gathered and decamped. scouring nothing. The German National Bank at New-- port, Ky., robbed of $190,000, sent “the red of its money to Cincinnati to avoid a “run†by angry depositors. President Dewey, of the 'Worcester Street Railway Company, has been fined $15 at the Police Court there for not heating the cars to“ the tom-4 i perat'ure required by law. GREAT BRITAIN. ~ ,Livrerpcol' and Glasgow are free of the plague. . The London County Council has voted to establish an electric service throughout the city. The United Irish League requests the Irish members not to attend Parliament next month. U. S. Ambassador Choate has made representations to the British Foreign Office on the subject of the Filipino Junta at Hung Kong. Fannie Ward, the American actress advertises in London a reward of $1,000 for the return}. of $5,000 worth of jewellery lost by her. GEN ERAL. Turkey owes its officials. $500,000. A prisoner in an Italian jail has just been tortui‘E‘t/o‘dcath. The Italian Government offers 5510,- 000 for the capture of the brigand M uss on] inc. The Parhena gold fields in Amur, Russia, will be exploited. by an» Eug- illSh syndicate. It is believed that the emigration- from Germany to the United States will be very heavy. next spring. __+___ Lester, dear, said Mrs. Giddings, anxiously to her husband, I don‘t like that cough of yours. I’m sorry, replied Giddings, but it is the best I have. Mayâ€"What’s that for, Charlie? Charlieâ€"That’s a trap to catch the wretched little birds that watch and whisper to momma. Everything that land intriguants. Four or five years iand we couldn’t dispute it, could weil I does- ,. . a: ‘ "Wamr eggs I is? " . ~'-("- ’-J.'A/‘ "V’V ‘ .z'~.,.4\_ vv ~\'\_ -.,« A . . l l i i; l i i l l E E E g .“V "x-~. l l i g r '(