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gr =L scum Ellie Barrie Examiner Published by Canadian Newspapers Company Limited 16 Bayfield Street Barrie Ontario Robb PublisherGenerol Manager Wilson Advertising Manager Henshaw Managing Editor llie Barrie Examiner Tuesday January 18 1977 Council faces task to hold down taxes Like most others in the area Bar rie city council will soon be giving attention to 1977 budgets as preliminary to setting the years tax rates There have been some early budget requests and others will be coming soon The 1977 school tax re quisitions from the county boards also have yet to be decided Due to inflation and higher costs the new mayor Ross Archer and his colleagues are certain to face problems in endeavors to hold the property tax line as near to last years rates as practically possible It is only to be expected that ratepayers should be concerned about their property taxes which have been going up with the infla tionary trend of recent years Barrie residents wouldnt see essential services neglected They do not wish to be taxed for frills but in the recent election they showed at the polls they are in agreement with Mayor Archers progressive platform to aid the citys development The Chamber of Commerce has been pressing for rejuvenation of the city core which certainly is in the interest of city progress En couragement of industrial develop ment also is well recognized as promotion for civic minded residents interested in the But want to essential citys future Mayor Archer also has backing for his policy of approaching the provincial government for widening of Bayfield Street to handle the steadily increasing volume of traf SChOO tens ion gress fic on this busy business thor oughfare Financial assistance for the ex of Lakeroad Mulcaster Street could be taken up at the same time priority of key importance to the citys future is the proper handl ing of annexation iii the best in terests of all concerned Barrie property owners have been told that there will be some iii creases in their rates The only way this might be avoided is to cutback essential services which would be an adverse step Mayor Archer deserves to be com mended for his frankness in poin ting out some tax rise is inevitable But any foreasts at this juncture before budgets are dealt with are premature There is certain to be much discussion about all aspects before new budgets are finalized and 1977 rates set With all these important issues to be dealt with council is faced with an exceptionally busy term and to achieve the maximum results will need the support and understanding of all interested in the citys pro road to FROM POLLUTEI LAKES British tube system used to obtain drinkable water lBIESIIE England WP Beautiful and lonely lakes have in recent years become magnets for city dwellers seek ing to spend their vacations close to nature As result the lakes are not as lonely as they were and their nature has been modified by et fluent pouring into them This takes the form of phosphates in detergents used for the extra laundry nitrates and phos phates from sewage and arti liCial fertilizer from surround ingfarmland The lakes have become richer in nitrogen and phosphorus nu trients which encourage the proliferation of algae In ex treme cases their crystalclear water has become murky soup of green slime The English Lake District popular tourist area has takes that still sparkle as clearly as they ever did But biologists monitoring the water have de tected initial signs of eu trophication Research work at Blelham larn one of the smaller lakes in the region indicates that it is possible to put the clock back and restore the lakes to their former purity by giving the wa ter few weeks rest The Freshwater Biological AssoCIation Laboratory branch of Britains Natural En Vironment Research touncil chose Blelham larn because it has been the subject of scien tific study for more than 30 years and has detailed recor ded history of pollution content and changes in the biological life it supports The research showed it is pos Sible to enclose stretches of the lake and starve out the algae producmg water relatively free of phosphates and nitrates which if drunk might pose threat to the health of babies as well algae which would clog the filters of treatment plant it the water were ab stracted for drinking lhe prOJCCI involved sinking two large tubes to the marshy bottom of the lam isolating enough water to be conSidered microcosm of lake The aquatic life of the lake continued in the tubes except that fresh runoff water With its new load of phosphates and nit rates could not mingle With the old ALGAE STARTED For while algae flourished on the nutrients trapped in the water in the tubes But soon the nutrients were exhausted and the algae died and fell to the bottom Within six weeks the water in the tubes was almost free of algae nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants There was sur prisingly little release of these pollutants from the bottom Similar experiments have been conducted in other couii tries including one on the north sfioreol LamSuperior The tube system is not envis aged as means of rcgcnerat ing great lakes that aredyingot industrial agricultural and sewage pollution But the Eng lish scientists see it as means of extracting drinkable water from eutrophying lake system of four tubes would be used The first would be filled Will the nutrientrich lake water greenish Willi suspended algae The second would be one stage further With the algae growuig and multiplying In the third they would be hearing the end of their growth and the sediment of dead algae would have set fled in the loiirth After the clear water was ab stracted from the fourth tube for filtration and chlorination as drinking water it would be retitled with lake water and the other tubes would be emptied arid refilled in rotation Cubans see for first time their Angola involvement By lR ilS RAIIBERGER HAVANA Reuter Cubans are seeing for the first time how their forces helped an African nationalist group achieve Vic Ehr Barrie Examiner 16 Bayfield Street Barrie Ontario Telephone 7266537 Registration Number 0484 Second Class Mail Return postage guaranteed Daily Sundays and Statutory Holidays excepted Subscription rates daily by carrier 85 cents weekly $4420 yearly Single copies 15 cents By Mail Barrie $4420 yearly Simcoe County $3400 yearly Motor Throw Off $3900 yearly Balance of Canada $3600 year 1y National Advertising Offices 65 Queen St West Toronto 8641710 640 Cathcart St Montreal Member of the Canadian Press and Audit Bureau of Cir culations The Canadian Press is ex clusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches in this paper credited to it or The Associated Press or Reuter and also the local news published therein The Barrie Examiner claims Copyright in all original adver tising and editorial material created by its employees and reproduced in this newspaper Co yright Registration Num r208815register61 refit2 tory in the Angolan ciVil war which ended nearly yearago The War In Angola film shot between October 1975 and March fir0 was given its first public shoWing in Havana mOVie houses at the end of De cember Director Julia Carma Espi nosa said the 90mmute film was shot by military and ClVll ian cameraman some of whom at times had to swap the cam era for the gun The film is part of the grad uat disclosure of Cubas version of its role in Angola But it re veals few new facts It supports President Ygtel Castros claim that there were only few Cuban military in structors in Angola before South Africa entered the CIVll war in IateOctobcr 1975 It says the first combat troops were airlifted to the for mer Portuguese territory in re sponse to formal request from the leader of the Popular Move ment for the Liberation of Ari gola MPLA Ur Agostinho Neto who became the first pre5idcnt of independent An gola CLAIM ONTESTED Angolan liberation move ments which fought the MILA said the Cubans arrived earlier On Oct 28 1975 in Lisbon Dr Fernando Wilson Santos then information secretary of UNIIA the National Union for the Total Independence of An gola said there were already up to 3000 Cubans lighting With the MPLA The film tells in detail how Cuban forces fought off attacks toward Luanda Angolas capi tal from north and south early in November It also portrays the roles of Cubas armor and SOVIIIUIII Katyusha multi tube rockets also known as Stalin organs There is no mention of the number of Cuban troops sent to Angola The early battalions and regiments shipped and air lifted are listed but the film merely says they were later mined by powerful forces Unconfirmed foreign esti mates have put the number of Cuban troops at between 12000 and 20000 MEIHIINARIICSSHOWN thmiiiii iiomention of Cuban casualties but dwells on clash With white mercenaries showmg wounded men shouting in pain and dead bodies Cuban troops returning from Angola under an announced gradual pullout paraded for the first time publicly here in December WE WANT YOUR OPINION Letters submitted for publication must be original copies signed by the writer Please include your street ad dress and phone number although they will not be published Letters which can not be authenticated by phone cannot be published For the sake of space public interest anti good taste The Examiner reserves the right to edit con dense or reject letter xzl YtlR BUSINESS By thlINl EGAN Business and oiisiiincr Affairs Analyst Itionisoii News Service Since lotteries were first le galized iii aiiada in 15170 and especially since their numbers began to grow rapidly in 1974 more than four out of every five Canadians Iiave taken fling We are spending about $50 million iiioiitti to buy those numbered slips of paper that can sustain dream of riches until the draw takes place Then for few dollars more the dream can be attached to aiiottier ticket in the next draw The lottery ticket has for maiiy anathans taken the place of investment in stocks Its ironic that the big lottery profits go to the same govern ments that have legislated Illllltvllllitlltlflg Virtually out of eXistencw on the grounds that What the costs and the odds are of those lotteries you buy into people shouldnt stocks The almost impossmle task of making an economic analysis of lotteries has been uri dertaken by Prof Johnson of McMastcr UnIVCISlIy in Hamilton His somewhat in conclusive findings are pub lished in the current issue of The anadian lax Journal Loxnonbs Incongriiities abound in any such analysis but most of them point to an inescapable fact Lotteries are bad bet for the gambler ta loriiier premier of Italy Amintore Fanfani once de scribed the Italian state lottery as tax on imbecnes According to Prof Johnsons findings prizes to the lucky winners account for 40 to 15 per cent of the money that fana tfians spend on lotteries Ari gamble on INIIERPREIING THE NEWS Southern Africans see threat of war growing By Al Olll2lll IMIED AlltS to By strongly backing Britain in her latest pcacc initiative aii ada has demonstrated tier dc sire to help bring about peace fut llllJllll rule iii Rhodesia But new breed of Africans mostly young and aggressive and dedicated more than ever to ending colonialism and rac isni in southern Africa are showing increasing impatience with SitllltlllgtllIS Some of them come from the socalled tioiifliiic states Zambia laiiania Botswana Angola and Mozaiiibitiuo bor dciing white ruled Rhodesia and South Africa RlllI1lSlIll llieir arch enemy is laii Smith and his illegal Rhodesian regime As Zambia puts ll Siiiitti represents force of evil that must bccxtiiigiiisticd either at the contirciicc table oroiitticbattlcficld Ihe impatience of these Atri can and other diplomats is growing because of the long term inabiliton tlicl to oust Smith and bring about black majority rule in Rhodesia lhis futility has led to gen iiinc fear by some diplomats that nationalist wars of fiber ation Will engulf allot southern Africa During the Security Touricil debate on Rhodesian acts of ag gression against Botswana Af rican states made it clear that they consider Smiths actions threat to world peace and his regime must be condemned by the international community By BOB BOWMAN Britain or England as it was then began searching for the northwest passage to ASH soon after John Jabots voyage to Canada in 1497 Sebastian luv bot one of John fabots sons was convmccd that the best route was througti the Arctic It wasnt until 1906 that any ship was able to get through That was Roald Amundscns 610a and it took four years to complete the voyage There were many expeditions in the intervening 400 years and some of them disappeared With out trace Sir John Franklin deserved success but his expedition was one that was lost Without trace fora number of years Franklin took extraordinary steps to prepare for his ex pedition He began exploring the Arctic as early as 1818 after havmg served as one of Net sons officers in the great sea battles against France He made two rugged trips on foot along the Arctic coast of Canada studying ice conditions The first was from 1819 to 1822 when he covered 5500 miles from Hudson Bay to the mouth of the Coppermiiie River and then east along the coast anada and the United States still see some hope that BIIIIIIII will be able to find formula that would allow Smith and the various black nationalist fac tions to resume their talks at itfltVil on black majority rule IIIRIZAI INCREASES But African diplomats say the longer countries like Rhodesia and South Africa are allowed to maintain raCist minority regimes the greater is the threat to international peace and security This theme was stressed by Foreign Minister Sitekc Mwale of Zambia whodeliveriwl one of the most devastating attacks against Smith and his settler government during the Security ouncil debate Mwalc said the need for inter national pressure and action against the Smith government remains as grcat as ever He charged that Soutfi Africa has connived to help Rhodesia and that there was direct and indirect collaboration by those coiirilries which sold arms to the rebel British colony lremicr Smith is deter mined to maintain the status quo even to the extent of engulf ing this entire area into nuclear war Mwalc said Thus the re cent unprovoked acts of aggres sion against Botswana and Mo zambiqiie iiitist be seen in this context In his View tticse acts of age gression were designed not only to intimidate the frontline countries but also to draw the entire indeixndeiil Africa into an armed cont lict CANADAS STORY Arctic passage took large toll Jan Ill 1820 he was at Cum bcrlaiid House Just north of the present ManitobaSaskatcheW an border Ihen iii 1828 he surveyed the west part of the coast by trav elling down the Mackenzie River On his way back to Brit am from this venture he pad dled down the Ottawa River and arrived at the future site of Ottawa JUSI as the locks beSIde the presentday Parliament bmldings were being bunt He was invited to lay the corner stone of the locks still there Despite the incredible hard ships of his survey of the Arctic coast Franklin was convmced that wellequipped ships could overcome ice conditions He was prowded With the type of ships he wanted in 1845 but perished in the ice with all his men in 1847 He found pas sage through the Arctic but could not get through it OTIIICR JAN 18 ICVENIS HitParliament met at Montreal and adopted dual lan guage ltmA Census was arranged to take place in April and showed population to be 3490877 till0FrenchCanadian Con gress opened at Ottawa IIIu lxInrl other 15 to 20 per cent goes for administrative costs chiefly commissions and advertising while ttic remainder is profit to the sponsoring govctnlllcltt or organization Likciiiiig this profit rate to an excise tax Irot lolinson points out that it is far greater than any saltsatax rate and that serVIce fVlllltIl is what lottery is isnt normally taxed at all OPICRAIINUOSI The administrative cost of government lotteries in aiiada can be regarded eittier as rear sonalile or outrageous depend ing upon ones interpretation It you regard lottery as government operated recrea tion its cost is lower than the cost of administering most other public recreational scrv ices It on the other hand you re gard it entirely as way of raisuig government revenues then the lotteries are highly lll efficient For anadian lotteries ad ministrativc costs tincliiding distribution costs arc approxi mater If to 31 per cent of prof its says lrol Johnson lliis figure is much highci than for general taxes llIll often have an adniiiiistrativt cost below two per cent and rarely above five per cent of revenues The only way to reduce lliosi administrative costs thc author notes would be It reduct commission rates Its possible however that com missions may have to bc Ill creased to maintain future lot see tery sales as people begin to tircol losing CROWIII IRll£l It seems clear from Prof Johnsons analysis however that the market for lotteries will continue to bcexpanded One of the most powerful ino tivcs that governments have in launching lotteries is to get sllllli of the gambling money that going out of their JUIIS diction he first tarch was the Irish Hospital Sweepstakes run by privati company in Dublin which has been almost entirely displaced from its fltttrllth iiadian market Quebec moved in WIIII the lir st legal lottery in anada seven years ago The federal govern ment got into the act in 1974 with the first national lottery lhen ladmontoii talgary and all ttic provinces from On tario westward decided to take share of the action The coast tocoast picture was completed last iiioiitti when the Atlantic pltillttt launched Atlantic Loto with prics totalling only Jti percent of ticket sales Any gambler could get far better odds in an office pool ltitipcr cent payout at the casino Ill 1ontc arlo 1973 per cent or at any roulette table lt47 percent Most of the better bets how ever are neither as accessible nor as relentlessly advertised as say the $1 Vtintario ticket giving one chance in 2t to Win $7 or the Sto loto anada lltKtI ottcriiigoncchanccin12 iiiitlioiitowinSI million think PW PART IV PICTURE QUIZ POINTS He was Canadasfirst primeniinistcnseiving liisfirst term from 1867 to 1873 an you name liiriif HOW DO YOU RATE 91 to 100 points TOP SCORE II to 90 point Excellent 71 to 80 points Good 61 to 70 points Fair 60 or Under Hmml FAMILY DISCUSSION QUESTION What historical event in your lifetime it you feel is most significant Why PARLIAMENT HILL Hey how about By STEWART MacLEOD Ottawa Bureau Thomson News Service few days ago Barney Dan son our enthusiastic minister of national defence remarked that our servicemen have enor mous pride in the different branches of the Canadian Ar med Forces and that more should be done to utilize that pride am not sure those were his exact wordsin fact am quite sure they were notbut that was the general gist of his thinking Mr Danson who was involved in the Dday invasion With the Queens Own Rifles of Canada has always had great deal of pride in the land forces and until his appointment as defence minister he had been an honorary colonel of some regiment Anyway after Mr Danson made his remarks to the 40th annual meeting of the Confer ence of Defence Association have been preoccupied With his problem In fact am so anx ious to be helpful sometimes feel should go into seeial work Last night after dwelling on Mr Dansons quandary all eve ning was blasted awake with an explosion of ideas for our Jolly defence minister And if he accepts my advice am not even going to ask for any credit It will be my contribu tion to my country sort of mak ing up for the fact was too young to go into the Second World War and too scared to go toKorea RADICAL IDEA know some older serVice men tsorry lady but find the term serViceperson rather clumsy Will cringe at my sug gestion and some admirals will shout about the loss of tradi tions but propose this as the only solution to Mr Dansons dilemma He should C0nSldCl establishing separate land sea and air diVisions in our armed forces know its revolutionary idea and the process would ob Viously take good deal of time but am sure Mr Danson could gradually sell the country on the need for separate bran ches He could even give them indi Viduals names such as the Royal Canadian Navy The Royal Canadian Air Force and the Royal Tanaaian Army As normal practice the air force would specialize in flying the navy would tend to graVitatc around ships while the army would concentrate on land ac tivities In order to av0id trampling on traditions Mr Danson would have to go slowly but could foresee the day when these separate branches of the armed forces even had dif ferent uniforms But this wouldnt be done until there had been extensive hearings by Commons committee and Mr Danson staged few shouting matches with enraged ad mirals There are bound to be emo tional statements such as patrolled the entire Georgia Straits in my green uniform and would rather quit than wearblue IDENTITY LOSS Others will argue that wher ever Canadian servicemen now go in the world they are proudly identified as members of Air Command or Maritime Command It would be terrible to be merely identified as member of the air force or the navy But Mr Danson is per suasive fellow He could argue for instance that there hasnt been decent raunchy military song written for unified forces And there is strong case to be made for separate budgets so that the purchase of tanks in Germany wouldnt scuttle the entire East Coast naval fleet And if unification is supposed to result in such perfect coordi nation ot military activities the minister could point to that example of an airborne regiment being transferred from Edmonton to Petawawa while the parachute packers stayed behind Under my radical proposals transfers like this wouldnt be under the Jurisdiction of former torpedo officers they would be in the navy Even though the present green uniforms dont hold crease some opposition MP would probably argue that mil lions of square feet of material would go to waste with new unl forms But Mr Danson could explain how any selfrespecting Crown corporation could dis pose of the cloth by greasing the palm of some foreign agent lam not optimistic enough to think these revolutionary ideas will be embraced by Mr Dan son overnight But wanted to make the suggestion before some other columnist such as Paul Hellyer got there first BIBLE THOUGHT But let it be the hidden man of the heart in that which is not corruptible even the ornament of meek and quiet spirit which is in the sight of God of great price Peter3z4 In spite of what we say or what is seen this is where we really live If he is in residence within us everything else is go ing to be alright YOUR NEWS QUIZ PART WORLD HISTORY Give yourself 10 points for each correct answer The city of Quebec was founded by alohn Cabot bSamuel de Champlain tSir John Macdonald the Dominion of Canada True or False The British North America Act created the Mexniniiiericaii at was fought CHOOSE ONE before after the LIS Ciin Aar The Hundred Years at was fought between Britain and CHOOSE ONE Fiance Scotland The Boxer Rebellion occurred in hat country PART II WORDS IN HISTORY Take points for each word that you can match with its correct meaning loyalists tIldnlt IO Canada IIICT the US revolution Upper Canada bpersons of mixed uropean and Indian descent owei Canada head of colonial government Intendant dnow Quebec metis enow Ontario PART III HISTORY NAMES Take points for names that you can correctly match with the clues Alexander the Great Cleopatra Robespierre Catherine the ireat Otto von Bismarck 11077 ANSWERSoffivfis PAGE STUDENTS Save This Practice Examination Valuable Reference Material for Exams iCier many bl rtince Ancient Egypt IRiissia eAiicient Greece VEC Inc