THE FLESHERTON ADVANCE WEDNESDAY, MAY 21, 1930. ' Rats Were Travelling While returning home from tha Grey Presbyterial meeting in Hano- ver Thursday night last, the occu- pants of Miss Winnie Blyth's car saw an unusual sight. As a rule the night drive is void of incident but this particular case gave Mrs. A. H. Jack- son, Misses Margaret McGirr, Myrtle Korh and Winnie Blyth something to wonder over. Approaching the farm of Mr. Herb Hunt, the road in front of car was black with rats moving their habitation from N. D. R. to S. D. R. It is claimed there must have been 30 to 40 of them crossing en masse and while the car finished a few, the great majority live today to haunt the cellars and basements of South Bentinck residents Evidently northern residents have given them poor board. Durham Review. - S S. NO. 10 ARTEMESIA r Class 4 M. Piper 73, F. Collinson 66, D. Stewart 64, L. Archibald 63, R. Stewart 55, E. Genoe 20. Sr. 3 S. Piper 78, H. Archibald 68, J. Chesney 64, M. Haw 64, M. Collinson 58, L. White 56, N r . Genoe 55, O. Marshall 44, A. Marshall 40, E. Mathewson 28, J. P. Stewart 16. Jr. 3 G. Kennedy 59, M. Marsh- all 57, J. Marshall 53, (abs.), M. Adams 31. (bs) M Duckett 31(abs) Sr. 2 J. Collinson 03. M. Hunt 90, B. Stewart 80, A. Chesney 67, L. Genoe 22. Jr. 2nd. J. Adams 75, J. Kennedy 61, I. Mathe\v30n 38, (abs.) E. Ples- ter 51, A. Haw 46. D. Marshall 40. Sr. Pr. C. MeWilliams 54, D. Duckett 35. Jr. Pr. B. Marshall 75, E. Plester 60, M. Stewart -15, V. Kennedy 40. Number on roll 39. Average at- tendance, 36. S. L. Hare, Teacher. LONG TRIP MADE BY AMBULANCE One of thp longest trips ever made by ambulance was m?de this week by the Findlay and Millor am- bulance. Tuesday it took Mrs. Stauffer. a sister of Mr. J. Baker frim Meaford to Manton, Mich, a disfr.ce of 550 mil". Ths trip was made in one day and the pa- tient stood the journey will. She was accompanied by her daughters Mrs. Burgess and Mrs. Storey. The latter returned with the ambulance yesterday. Mr. Gordon Abbot was the driver. Meaford Mirror. WARM WEATHER HELPFUL t Continued warm bright weather during the first two weeks of May did much to improve the appear- ance of alfalfa, clover and fall wheat, and new seeding recovered to some extent, according to re- ports coming in from all parts of the province. Ther^ were mnny crops plowed under this spring but many farmers reported that new seeding which they had in- tended to plow under, made won- derful recovery during early May. Many sections reported that the land has never worked better than during the present month of seed- ing-. Just before every election some enthusiastic Toronto Grit says that city is going: to elect three or four Liberals. After every election it is found that instead of three of four Liberals being elected there were three or four Liberal votes. Mea- ford Mirror. Miss Macphail's Speech (continued from page 1) alism was begun in 1896. I \vj>uld sav that it was completed in 1930. I am a director of an economic group. I was elected as a United Farmer and I did not change my name after I was elected Some hon. MEMBERS. Oh. oh Miss MACPHAIL: My political name, and I am willing Some hon. MEMBERS: Oh. oh. Miss MACPHAIL: I am willin; as a member of an economic group to change my position on the tariff at any time if I believe that changing rny position will make things better for the ceole whom I represent. I think that is a sound position. It is the one that I have always taken: I have not chanced. But I do not be- lieve that protection will benefit agriculture and I shall deal with that more fully in a moment. Agriculture is in a bad way this year. It is in my county, and I sup- pose it is throughout Canada. If we could protect agriculture so that it would get back some of the money it has to vav out for the protection of other industries I wouldb e ever so willing to do it. but I do not see how it is to be done Take, for In- stance, the farmer in my riding of Southeast Grey. Bv the time he has raid for the protection on iron and steel, on fruit and vegetables, bean?, to speak only of the pro- tection afforded by this budget, suppo.io he gets protection on his butter and eirc--. and suppose that the nrotection works in the direction of raising the prices of his butter and eggs, how high would those prices hav e to be raised in order to reimburse him for the amount that he has to pay out for the protection of other people? The priced of butter and eggs would have to be raised very hi<*h indeed before the farmers in my constituency would be 1 benefited by the budget of this year. After all I represent them.' and for that reason I am not en- 1 amoured of the budget. I would say that the eggs coming from British Columbia have more to do with the breaking of the price of eggs in On- tario than eggs coming from any place outside of Canada, so if the government is going to do iomething for Ontario in regard to eggs, it will have to get this magic tariff to ' work inside Canada and keep j British Columbia e-gs at home. The New Zealand trade agreement is to be abrogated in October of this ; year. Some years ago when the | Australian treaty was before the house I voted against it. The pro- visions of that treaty were extended by order in council to New Zealand. I voted against the Australian treaty | because I felt that the effect of the , treaty on agriculture was not really considered. The object was to get a market for automobiles, and pulp- ' wood, and the interests of the farmer 1 were not considered either one way or the other. The effect of the Australian treaty and of the New Zealand trade agreement on the farmers of this country has been bad. but it has been been bad phycho- logically rather than materially. I doubt very much if the farmer has suffe-ed so much from the treaty as he thinks he has and as the Con- servative party has helped him to believe he has, but he has got it firmly placed in his mind that he has been verv badly used. No doubt farmers even-where in this coun'rv think that. The creameries in every province have been sending word to thei*- natrons with every cheoue tV>at the \ustralian treaty and the New Zealand trade ngreement have lower- ed the price of butter and that it is .-< very had thing for the farmer, and so the farmer has had that idea firmly placed in his mind, and the only way to make him happy is to abrogate the treat". I congratulate the government for doing that, though the reason they do it and the reason why I want it done are not 'iuite the same. Still, I am glad that thev are taking that action. Sup- pose that after the treaty is abro- gated the price of butter does inc-ease. The production of butter wi'l also increase, because I have noticed that farmers alway* speed up production when it pavs them t-> peed it up. So if the price coes ur> thev will nroduce more butter, snd when production gets to the point where we become exporters if bit- ter, we must meet the world n-ico fo- butter, and down tho price goe? So I would sav to the farmers -f Onada. if I may presume to An r>. that thev want to be very careful not to sell th-nsplves into th<> protection ram' 1 'or "-imething which Hiv thiik will be "f reH benefit to hem but wh ! "h reallv will not be. became thev will hnve to nav out so mivh more than thev "-of thf thev will Vie r>->vip" too much fir thtir protection i. - -t whistl". Possibly the best proof that pro- tection does not make the farmer prosperous is the condition of the American farmer. The proof that thp tariff is not the fundamental thiig in the economics of agriculture that we once thought it was is found in the fact that the farmer of the United State.', wher^ thev have very high protection, the farmer in Great Britain, where they have free trade, and the farmer of Canada, where we have high protection, low tariff and free trade all in the one bnlget. are all in a verv bad wav. The government is bringing in countervailing duties. While it may sound better to call them that, I agree with the Conservatives that it i3 reallv a brick for brick policy, so far as the bricks go; at least it works cit that wav. But if we are going to have countervailing duties between Canada and the Uniteo States, why not include in the list of commodities to which the counter- vailing duties are going to apply, not only agricultural products, but ; industrial. products? Why not ' apply the countervailing duties all along the line, apolv them to every- I thing that we trade in with the United States? Then if we really are low tariffs in our sentiments, let us take off the specific du*y. so that when you get the countervailing duty coming down it goes dawn all the way. iust as well as when it countervails up it goes all the way up. I do not think Canada has very much to gain bv the extension of the British preference. And may I pause here to say that I havo been exceedingly amused and almost ed- ified by the change of the resae.-tive flags that each party waves. It used to be that the Libera.s well. we may start with the Conservatives since thev had more of the flag than their traditional opponents the Cin- servatives waved the Union Jack, and sometimes you could not tell whether there was a Conservative in the fold or not, but usually there was. The Union Jack was certainly their flag. As to the Liberals, if they had a distinctive party f!ag it might be said to be the Canadian en- sign. But if I am to believe what I have heard, in the days since the the first of Mav the two parties have swapped flags, and now the Conservatives have appropriated the Canadian ensign, while the Liberars h?ve taken over the Union Jack. I do think, however, that it is clear to us that Great Britain buys from us very much more than we buy from her, and that we buy from the Unite'd States verv much more than thev buy from u*. For instance in 1927 our exports to Great Britain of agricultural and vegetable pro- ducts amounted in val--- to $330.000.- 000: during the same vear we ex- ported the^e products in the United States to the value of only $60.000,- 000 In the same vear we exnorte'l to Great Britain animal and animal products to the value ofS'iS.OOO.OOO. :>nd to the United States $75.000.000 worth In li^S \ve oxported to Great Britain agricultural and vegetable products to th<> value of $310.000.000 nnd to the United States only $56.- 000.000 worth. In the same vear wr> exported to G 'eat Britain animal n"d animal products to the vniu* of -?4!>.000.000 and to tho United Stito-= to the value of $92.000.000. T^pre- fore so far as agricultural nn,l vegetable products nre oon<-erne ' r-" 'e un. I dare sav. largely ot v.-h^at. but still C i >nadt!n f^rm pro- di .-t? we exported to f-r"at Britain - great deal mo -c than we export<v! *n the United States not only a grcnt deal more, but manv Hro*^ as much: and we can scarcely exooc" O-PI- Britain to want t" continue to absorb our products unless we nre w'Ujnc to talte the pood* she has *o oll. The Western Produ-or in i*s p<litorial of Mav 8 in dealing "''th thU point said: The prolonged crsis in the gra ; n mnrkft has forced the western wheat o n\ve>r to give some attention, to European conditions. He has dis- covered, if he did not know it al- ready, that Britain is the heaviest purchaser of his wheat. HP has dis- covered also that Canada does .>t import nearly so much British produce as she might. <5o when we are dealip- with tho RriHsh "reference it would V> v?rv -i=n indp'"'' to put on tbf lisf for preferential treatment those 'hing* that we are likely to buy from Greaz Britain While I know it makes a very imposing list to include a larg-,- number of things that we do not buy or buy very little of from Great Britain, such a list, although im- posing, is not of very much use when one is trying to arrange an exchange of products. If Great Britain does buy our agricultural and vegetable products to the value that I have named, then we in return must buv large quantities of her goods. Con- -:couc-ntly I cannot understand why tho Minister of Finance (Mr. Dun- ning) if he was honest in his en- deavour to extend the British pre- ference, to build up trade between us and Britain, did not give preferential treatment to British textiles and British boots and shoes, commodities th"t we are likely to buy from Great Britain. Because while I realize that there is an extension of the British preference I ha\'e not gono through the schedules myself, but I have talked with those who have I believe time will go to show that this extension of the British pre- And in view of the fact that some of the causes which have resulted In the increase of tariffs and in other trade barriers since the war have largely disappeared and others are diminishing; The conference declares that the time has come to put an end to the increase in tariffs and to move in the opposite direction. This was the decision of experts. They were not there to catfr to any element in their respective countries, they were there to express their con- sidered views This year the tenth assembly of the League of Nations realized that this economic conference was serious in its recommendations, and so the right hon. Mr. Graham of the British board of trade n-.oved a r -solution, seconded, I think, by the French representative, which read as follows: "States should agree not to increase their protective tariff above the pres- three vears or to impose new protec- tive duties or create new impjdi- - Great Britain amounts to is vain show it can serve no good purooso in in- creasing the exchange of trade be- tween ourselves and the motherland. But for the degree of British prefer- ence effected by this budget I am glad, and if I could divide the budget into half a dozen bits I would vote far that piece of it. There is one other angle from which I wish to discuss tho tariff just f<.r u hy autonomout or bilateral act:.-.n in conformity with the recommendations of the World Economic Conference. All of us know that the world is becoming a smaller and smaller place. that is. that we are becoming more and more independent and that what used to be a national policy, inasmuch > the policy of one countrv affects *o greatly the action of another . moment or two: that is. its bearing '< countrv on international relations. Last i == year in the course of the budge: de- I bate we had a verv excellent speech j from the Minister of Jostico (Mr. i Lapointe) who whe i he is discu.^ ; r;| international relations alwav- make-! most excellent speeches. He dealt i quite fullv with tho 'VOYK of the c- onomie conference >f the Leaiu.? of Nations. This conference met in Geneva in 1927 from enrlv Miv u-til the 23rd. It consist of 1!4 dele- gates and 226 experts representing i fiftv states, so I think it will be ffn- ' f-nllv agreed tha: it wr-s n >-i<,st important gathering. This confer- ence placed itself on r-vcorj in these ' word* and I am now quoting from the speech bv the Minister of .Tus*iv.-e . n < to be found on page? 1'!55 of HnnsarJ , 'f last vear: In view of the fact thar harmful effects upon production an. I t>-ado re- sult from the high and coni=ta n tiv chancing tarirTs which arc applied in j manv countries: * And since substantial improvement ; in the economic conditioi.; cin be ob- ; tained by increased facilities for nter- national trade and comn-erce: And in view of the fact that tariffs though within the sovereign jurisdic- : tion of the separate states, are not a matter of purely domestk 1 inttrest gut greatly influence the trade ot' the world ; For instance, if wo are to ! credit the reports in the newspaper?. I the introduction of this budget has a great deal to dp with th- result of a. recent by-election in Great Britain. That is a small example, but after all i it is an example of the effect that the | fiscal policy of one countrv has on 'the fiscal policy of another. I think ; all hon members will agre-: with me though all will not admit it- -that high tariffs do not lead to good will. that they are one of the obstacles [that stand in the way of permanent ! world peace, and that if we are really i serious in desiring permanent world I peace we must be serious in striving to remove the economic causes of war. of which high tariffs are an irriortant factor. I have come to the conclusion, first. i that in the main agriculture in Can- ada will not be benefited by the tar- iff; and, second, because it u not conductive to the peace of the world I am opposed to the protective prin- ciples as brought down in the budget. I think the Liberals themselves, if thev were free to admit it, would sav that the budget is more protectionist than otherwise. To my mind it in a verv peculiar budget. If we in this section of the hous vote one way or the other we could not be blamed because no person in his right mind could agree to all the items contained in the present budget. Some hon. MEMBERS: Hear. hear. Miss MACPHAIL: Nor could hon. members conscientiously disagree with all the items contained therein. 1 believe that in Southeast Grey it would be easier to explain why I voted against the budget than whv I i voted for it. 1 SEAMAN-KENT FLOORING --P/M m/ L. * its \ Save, for Investment A Savings Account enables you to take advantage of business oppor- tunities. Plan to save $100, $200 or $500. Small sums added regu- larly to your account will do it easily and surprisingly quickly. Then consult our investment department. "BANMORONTO BRANCHES: FEVERSHAM: H. C. Francis, Manager MARKDALE: A. E. 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