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poultry pools of prairie provinces by m c herner j professor of poultry husbandry manitoba agricultural college nothing succeeds aksuccess is a two lines of poultry products for one statement that might well be applied thing the difference in prices between to the operation of poultry pools in marketing through the poo and mar- the prairie provinces of western can- keting in the old way is not so big as ada the fact that each of the threj in eggs and dressed poultry and the provinces now has a wellestabished farmers are therefore ess enthus- poultry pool is sufficient evidence of iastic to make it more successfu re ideal- ss lesson tempting school lunches by lelia munsell uow to make the school lunch so dates prunes figs and nuts and rrois- ssptember 19 obedience to law j snfy ctc temperance lesson lev ch 26 1 golden text do not drink wines at t will eatit in j ten with the jufce ofartorangito7 no nor thy spite of the temptation to play is the lemon in the winter this may be j mothers problem with breakfast to made in quantities get children to dress and lunches tot meat grind cold meat mix with the popularity of this method of marketing poultry products each province has its own particular system of operating the poo but their ob jects are all the same namely that of securing better prices for the poultry and eggs manitoba probably standi out as the most successful so far in the operation of a poultry pool the manitoba co operation marketing association is a farmers organization owned control led and operated farmers and farm ers wives this organization is inde pendent altogether of government control and does not receive any spe cial support from the government the association gives three forms of marketing senice the largest in volume is the marketing of dressed poultry the second is the marketing of eggs and the third culling and marketing livo hens the organization is incorporated and is governed by a board of direc- tors elected from different zones in the province all the organization work in developing new centres is done by a paid official who devotes his whole time to the work of the association the work of giving instruction on fat tening and preparing the poultry for market and the grading of the product on marketing days is done by govern- ment officials the association has its own eggcandling stations and its own canders but all carload lots of eggs shipped out are inspected by govern ment inspectors the culling and grading of live hens is also done by the government officials as to the business end of the association this is managed entirely by its own officials two forms of contracts quires a great deal more organization work a brief survey of the operation of the manitoba poultry pool shows that from a small start five years ago the membership of the cooperative mar keting association has grown from 715 members in 1922 until by the time the fi26 operations are completed the membership will be over 6000 from the first of april to the end of june this year the five pools have handled 75 cars of eggs that were re ceived from approximately 1400 ship pers the vaue of the egg product jfor five poos for the three months of april may and june amounted to 249000 the poultry pool as yet controls only a part of the trade in poultry products the movement is new and only a limited number of districts are served the pbicy of expansion has been to develop old territory to its highest efficiency and then to add new districts only after thorough organ ization one of the chief features of the manitoba egg pool in securing volume of eggs and effecting economies in handling is the two forms of contracts they have one for the producer and the ether for the merchant the co operation of the merchants in the small towns is a big factor in the suc cess of these pools all small produc ers can have their eggs assembled and shipped to the pool in ease lotsiisihe merchant thus reducing the transpor tation charges considerably the mer chant receives packs and ships pie eggs foriiiem at a charge of one cent per dozen vjhich comes out of the final payment of eashjiool the merchant may also receive and ship eggs from nomiiembers so that through the pro ducers contracts and through the merchants contracts it is possible to gather up the eggs produced on almost every farm in a district the mer chant dos not candle any of the eggs he handles all this work is done at tho egg stations located atfive points in the province under the producers contract a member may have enough eggs toj keeping the pullets at home much annoyance is often caused to the pouitryman especially where he keeps the light mediterranean breeds by their flight over the fences and escaping from their inclosures or yards this is especially aggravating if their escape causes them to be a nuisance to neighbors or if by getting their freedom from the yards or ranges they do damage to growing vegetable crops flowers and so forth there is absolutely no excuse for pul lets of any breed flying over their fences for it is a simple process to clip the wing of each pullet when placed in their winter quarters this is done by taking a sharp pair of scis sors and cutting off the outer flight feathers on the outer half of the wing when the wing is spread open cutting the quills from about half an inch from where they enter into the flesh of the wing cutting them at this distance will absolutely prevent bleeding and if the outer flight feath ers of one wing are clipped it will so unbalance the birds when they attempt flight that they will not be able to navigate in the air sufficiently to fly over a fivefoot fence clipping the wings in this way not only keaps the birds at home but makes them much more gentle and peaceful it has the further advantage of discouraging them from flight which does not allow them to develop the flying habit one clipping of the wing as outlined will last until the birds molt the following summer and fall at which time it is rarely necessary to clip them again for on account of the fact that they have not developed the habit of flight they bear confinement with little un easiness and with little effort to with thee lev 10 9 analysis i laws regarding imaci worship prepare the house mother finds the mayonnaise a little piccalilli or melt- and sabbathkeep1nc 12 i morning rush exhausting d butter 1 il promises and warnincs 339 i have got around the rush by mak- i always use plenty of butter in i iii forgiveness for those who re- v possible preparation at night j sandwiches there is nothing better i pent 4046 j lunch baskets are ceaned and aired i r growing cmdren for further tm u i t i paraffin paper and dishes placed variety i often make a ribbon sand- n u mr reauv the children themselves areicb sing the same number of slices movtttmovingtheyl taught to attend to this iffis b and institutions of religion but some j shall you use basket or bucket i f t j of bread buttsr also having to do with ordinary social basket always a tightly closed re- 1 au tbe brcad and aternate the white and family relations the book is ceptac causes the flavore of the food and brown using different fillings that iclearly in two parts 1 chs 1 to 16l interch making everything blend then cu down as you land 27 and 2 chs 1726 the sec- and part seems to have been originally an independent code of laws beginning like the code in exodus 202223 and like that in deuteronomy chs 12 to 28 with the place and proper order of e c j v i l more or less unattractive for desserts 1 wo a f cake and wra uso glass can with screw top lids some of the things we like are gra- d and do have ham cracker sandwiches put together smartly simple a triumph of chic and slendevness consequently low moral ideals and in navymirroleen it is most essen- customs b j an pr0 set tial ihat every smart wardrobe should themselves against idolatry and contain at least one frock of thb type imageworship of every kind see in every detail it illustrates the theoryexod 2045 deut 589 1622 jer that the long line is the shortest 10116 route to slenderness two inverted equal emphasis the law cn- i r ii i u fvn c joins respect for the hoy day and the p aits extend full length on ethersde k sabbath and the of the front a straight piece of the san mnivinl u frvtrlprl tc form a trimmincr- giass can paraffin paper is cheap and do have pretty paper napkins i w chocoate filing or plain sandwiches are the foundation of a v 8 with nuts or raisins the sanctuary and ending also like lunch dont always use white choc ge milk chocolate fruit them with exhortations to obedience and with promises and warnings compare exod ch 232033 lev ch 26 and deut chs 2728 the central idea of this collection of laws is holi ness- so that it has been called by some modern scholars the holiness code or law of holiness see for example ch 192 ch 207 26 etc the source and supreme example of holiness is jehovah himself and the law requires that the people shall be like him holy as he is holy belonging to him and separate from all others bearing his mark and acknowledging no other cod i laws regarding image worship and sabbathkeeping 12 vs 1 2 no idols or graven image with the use of images as representa tions of deity went very low concep tions of tho character of god and bread i have several special breads 8 rice pudding with cream recipes for two of them are given bam m with nuts and raisins h j stuffed figs are good from every point of view simply remove the stem3 baked brown bread and fi wu raisins or cw two cupfu of graham flour 2 late tablespoonfuls of brown sugar 1 tea- 1 another thing we like is so unusual spoonful of salt 1 cupful of molasses that i will givo directions for making 1 cupful of sour milk 1 teaspoonful of it soda dissolved in milk 1 cupful of bake one hour material is folded to form a trimming- band two inches wide and placed be neath the edge of the outside plait be fore it is stitched flat bone buttons trim the band the back is plain and extends over the shoulder fastening onto the front in yoke effect the v- shaped neck opening is very becoming and is finished with a tailored collar the diagram pictures the simple de sign of no 1207 which is insizes 34 ii promises and warnings 339 with this and the following passage should bo compared exod 232033 and deut 28 the language and thought are closely similar to passages in the prophecies of jeremiah and ezekiel and it is possible that this law of holiness took its final form in tho period of those prophets toward the end of the kingdom of judah if ye walk in my statutes and keep raisins mix in order given in a slow oven nut bread oh cup of white flour 1 cup of graham sifted with cup of sugar and teaspoon of salt 2 teaspoons of baking powder 1 cup of sweat milk 1 small egg cup of nuts cut fine mix and let rise in a warm place twenty minutes bake in moderate oven there are so many nutritious and appetizing fillings these are some we like salmon rub salmon fine add a few chopped pickles as appetizer and mix to consistency to spread with melted butter oive and cheese chop the olives fine crumble the cheese or grate it and mix with melted butter egg cook the eggs hard chop fine mix with butter or mayonnaise fruit chop or grind fine raisins russian salad soak a half box of gelatin in a half pint of cold water half an hour add a pint of boiling water the juice of two lemons a teaspoonful of salt and a dash of red pepper let cool but not congeal dip a pan in cold water and arrange layers of cold cooked vege tables peas diced potatoes and car rots shredded cabbage chopped cook ed eggs cold meat and nuts on tho top put a layer of sardines then pour the cool jelly over these and let harden a slice of this with a little mayonnaise and some sand wiches makes aft excellent and ap petizing meal of course there is the schoolhouse pump for the children to drink from but most of them will gulp down the food dry and maybe hastily swallow a little water on their way out to play so i send along a drink of some kind sometimes it is hot chocolate in a vacuum bottle sometimes milk some times fruit juices 36 38 10 and 42 inches bust size 38 j my commandments and do them vs requires 4 vards of 36inch or 3 1 l- contain the promised bessings of j on obedience fruitful seasons and abun yards of 40inch material price 20ci harvests ce and security our fashion book llustrating the bolh j xm enemies and wild beasts newest and most practical styles tv111 j jehovah will set his dwelling place be of interest to every home dress- among them and will look upon them maker price of the book 10 cents with favor and- no l with abhorrence the copy h will renew his jmcient covenant nnm tn rtrrnvv pattopk with thm and he ipromises i will how to order patterns j among y a wili your write your name and address plain- cod and ye shall be my people the ly giving number and size of suih deliverance from egypt is recalled make up a case of twelve fifteen or i escape the building of an expensive thirty dozen and he can ship direct if is not necessary even with such ho likes but his lot is included in the merchants and shipped under the same bill of lading contracts call for delivery of eggs at least once a week and where pos sible twice a week they are usually shipped to the egg station by local frrigh the pool operates from may to october and three pools are taken off during the season the cost of op erating the first pcol this season was 41 cents per dozen which included overhead and everything the party signing the contract becomes a share holder in the organization on payment of ono dollar the contract can be terminated only by giving notice be fore january first it is claimed that this system of marketing eggs is the most efficient in canada showing a net gain in dol lars to the producers of over 40 per cent over the old system of marketing nemarkable progress in marketing the dressed poultry the association has made remarkable strides here they have their local shipping points and all the members in the district who wish to market their poultry through the pool enn do so after the local organization is completed there is a day set apart for n lecture and demonstration on fat tening and preparing poultry for mar ket the shipping day is set for about three to four weeks later on that clay each member brings in his poul try has it graded weighed packed and loaded on the car if one local has not sufficient volume the car is filled at the next poir generally all the shipping is dona within a period of j birds as ieghorns because when the wings are properly clipped a fivefoot fenco will turn them o fau feeding for dairy cows my father has always told me that aagust and september are the hardest months in which to maintain produc tion in cows the figures that i have from two cxtenied sources show that this is true on certain institution farms a large number of cows are milked and they are bred so that about the same number of cows drop their calves each month yet it seems im possible to keep the milk production uniform through the year there is i decided slump during the summer and early fail months the cows then recover as the late fall conies on and they go into winter quarters it seems to take about two months october and november to get the cows going at a good gait again tho figures from the dairymens league records of the milk delivered at pants daily throughout the year show the same thing the production drops rapidly from june on until it is lowest in november in this case the figures are influenced more by the greater number of springfreshening cows but the trend during the summer is down just the same the period when the best price for milk prevails generally is during no- vemlier december and january therefore good feeding is advisable during september if the cows are to go into the barn in good flesh and give a good account in the winter i think we do not realize how little patterns as you want enclose 20c in stamps or coin coin preferred wrap it carefully for each number and address your order to pattern dept wilson publishing co 73 west ade laide st toronto patterns sent by return mail strains these if select vigorous stock will fatten readily 2 starve birds for 12 hours be fore beginning the fattening ration and how jehovah had broken the bands of their yoke of bondage and made them go upright as free men this became the guarantee and assur ance of deliverance in every subse quent time of trouble verse 10 should be rendered as moffatt you shall eat what has been storedfor long you shall have to clear out the old to make room for new sup plies but if ye will not hearken the penalties of disobedience are set forth at great length in vs 1420 they are plague and consuming sickness and and unfruitfulness of the land and crate fattened chickens al ways in great demand to crate fatten 1 choose cockerels of quick grow- ing early feathering rapid maturing as x p u a soa o raspberries canned fruit on a day when winter walks somberly through the strt his gray cloak brushing the walls and windows i go down into the cellar with lighted candle to choose a can of preserves for the evening meal and suddenly i am in the midst of summer raspberry plum and gooseberry blueberry strawberry peach blackberry quince crabapple rhubarb and the pale gold of citron catch the candle flame in their dark and sugary depths throwing back sunlight and bird song and bee song the iridescent flicker of insect wings red moons lying low in the meadows old gardens old orchards old farms and the tinkle of bells from the upland and blow off the dust these are to be increased if they con- tinue disobedient to the laws of their can tk tal1 canes dripping god v 21 the purpose of these scarct drops i dreadful calamities is to bring the through the green leaf shadows 3 feed at regular intervals and people to repentance and to reforma- start light gradually increasing taktion of life 18 23 27 they were ing four or five days to bring the birds fulfilled to the letter in the downfall to full feed remove surplus feed of the kingdom of israel and the dis- after each feeding and keep the feed prsion and captivity of her peoplcin trough ovvn 1722 bc see 2 kgs ch 17 in the in- troufcnccan ivaslon of judah by the armies of 4 feed for 10 to 14 days and be sennacheri and tho carrying off of a careful not to overfeed alow the of captives in the reign of birds 20 minutes and then take anyjhezekiah 2 kings ch 1813 and remaining feed away three feeds i worst of all in the fall of jerusalem each day givo best results ami deportation of many captives to 5 starve 12 hours before killing babylon in 597 and 586 2 kgs- ch sell direct to city customers do not and 2c ship alive iii forgiveness for those who re- and a scent of muskrose mignonette and marigold seems to pervade the cellar v summer sings softly in the canned fruit throughout the coldest days of winter lloyd roberts rations for orate feeding 1 mash mixture containing 60 pounds of ground corn 40 pounds flour middlings with either skim milk or buttermilk to such it will pour readi pent 4046 if they shall confess there s we feed our cows roots our cow herd is small so wo built a concrete root cellar to store winter feed the arch was constructed by tho use of some old concrete bridge some hope of better things for those forms which a neighbor happened to i who acknowledge and confess the have nnd they made an ideal fit for a ar 9x12 feet at the time we were iding a barn and it was a simple matter to make provision for the root mther skim milk or a ana comesstne nave wrong which they and their fathers cella h a consistency that have thc are and b ly from the pail into tney then of the punishment of i a three good pickle recipes bestever pickles j take 300 mediumsized pickles wash carefully and dry sprinkle with twothirds cup salt cover with boiling water and let stand overnight remove from brine and wipe dry put the pickles in a crock and cover with onehalf gallon vinegar four table spoons mustard four tablespoons salt four tablespoons sugar onehalf cup mixed spices mix the vinegar and other ingredients well and pour over the pickles cover and set away in a cool place weigh out three pounds sugar and each morning stir in one- half cup until all sugar has been used these pickles will never wither or be come white and pithy dill pickles select enough mediumsized cucum bers three to four inches long to fill six or seven quart jars wash fill each jar with cucumbers and a head of dill mix one quart vinegar three quarts of water and one cup salt heat to boiling point and pour into jars until full and cucumbers are covered seal while hot pickle relish one quart lima beans 1 quart corn i quart small onions 1 pint green beans 12 small cucumbers 2 bunches celery 1 pint carrots 1 small head cabbage 1 small head cauliflower 6 green tomatoes 10 sweet peppers cut fine and add onehalf gallon of diluted vinegar two cups brown sugar two heaping tablespoons of salt two tablespoons ground mustard one teaspoon tumeric boil for a halfhour and seal in fruit jars replant daffodils and get better bloom if you have any daffodils or narcis suses that have been growing in one place for several years and have ceas ed to flower satisfactorily dig them up now separate tho bulbs and re plant the clumps should be lifted out of the trough i their iniquity then the lord will re- 2 ground corn wheat middlings i member his ancient covenant withtiis w ju j a on sifted ground oats equal parte of each j people and will fo ive and restore th dank sde j concrete wall and the carefully with a spading by weight mixed to a thin batteritho lord will not cast them away there was an ideal pacetor a cear fork and apart with the fin lh ntt compare the arch was the most difficult parti if tho new voots have started much to construct but by using a strong th trimmed bacl to an inch with skim or buttermilk nor destroy them utterly mixture of cement with strong wire fourlen days beginning the last few is in pasturcs in sept and days in november and ending not igjj ch pdbr hay that m later than december fourteenth the september pastures can easily be sup- latest date for shipping must be early p v rroln and enough so that the poultry can go to th a in the eastern markets in time for tbok sholl bc fe t suggcft hojiday trade j fo as an example three hun- the overhead for shipping through j dred of whcat bran oqo the poo is very low running not over of com meal or hon pounds four cents a pound for everything of rourre a great deal of help in weigh- inc rnckirt and loading is voluntary wliich isn big factor in keeping down tho overhead prices are pooled for ech grad but an initial payment of fiftn cents a pound is made for all grres in all classes of poultry trt riarkitina- of live hens culled ff fa flocks has not becrt quite r k f y300 pound of gluter feed and 200 pounds of lin seed or cottonseed oil meal e s s nearly every business that blows up has been founded by a booster and conducted by booster methods a good business institution gets all the boosting it needs from the men who built it up and from citizens envious 5 marviting the othr its success i in the discussion of this lesson i r curved over the top the b rc luixed with skim or butter- that and sucn tltlaiplal put new found and place sev- 3 ground corn 2 parts wheat dc 4 2 1323 middlings 2 parts sifted ground oats tl fnc j v frankly recog- 1 part mixed with skim or butter- tnat kucn raises una sucn nruon- v stromir w milk using 1 pound of tho grain i as this chapter contains are not r v w g wat oral bulbs or clumps of large bulbs mixture to 2 pounds of milk jalwavs immediately fulfilled the law- p v iar sawcr plpe i with small bulbs attached in a place no 3 is being used at the o a c abiding citizen does not always pros- ldde of the arch as an open- 1 dont bc r to tiiem ar0 poultry department j per in material things his conscien- k for dropping cow beets and we g 01 t0 them r tious observance of the law may stand as fjccd a smaer pipe m the arch t or b a ggj in the way of his material advantage about four feet from this for a ven- jf t 6 a pnw t nwnf rw j he- may loso rather than gam in tilator vrj l j ou wordly wealth by doing what is right i t root cellar has been an ideal i bid from 5175 to 191 on dollar this fact is eeary present to the storage pnefor beet3 as well as bids and let the other fellow have a minds of some old testament writers antities of kind of ro registeredjersey the first year i farm- 11ih ps 73 maachi 314- t bruirfn when ed for myself she gave 22 pound toih drepping thebeets from tove tack day after fresh ten months i mak the long of raw are placed beowon the con- the cow as 1 d tested where she stay- however it is undoubtedly true crete floor the ccilar has water con ed but i got cod feet at 191 and l that tho community or the nation ncctions to a cistern and well and the quit she dropped a heifer calf in j which establishes and steadfastly water entering tho barn is controlled you attention and are beautiful anvwhere f r three months that was sold three months later for 75 quitting at 191 was one of my biggest cow mis takes e- r coal oil makes a good substitute for silver polish dip a soft cloth into the kerosene and rub over the silver the odor of the oil can be removed with soap and hot water maintains just laws will prosper both by a va this place in materia things and in the higher f having root wealth of character which aore makes i i i a people great i instead of a silo to furnish succulent feed during the fall and winter for a a sma herd of six cows has saved our legislation cannot make a poorly buying expensive machinery and has managed farm pay dividends and it served its purpose for our cream cannot make the inefficient farner a cheques average between 50 and 70 competitor with his more able neigh- a month from the middle of september bor across tho road to the first of june w f k i might produce that result what makc3 his voice so husky drinking corn