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potato sprayi ng for profit some worthwhile thoughts on making spraying efficient by h c moore lie potato crop this fungous dls- sinco potato growers of ontario are interested in putting on the mar- tat better quality potatoes at a lower production cost it is important that they give careful attention this sea son to the matter of spraying high quality potatoes and high yields are not secured from plants whose leaves riddled by insects or infected with blights healthy green leaves are ab solutely essential in tuber develop ment and starch formation calcium arsenate for bugs colorado potato beetles flea beetles leaf hoppers and plant lice are a few of the more coir non insects affecting the potato that can be controlled by spraying both the colorado beetle and tho flea beetle are leaf chewing insects and the injury that they do is generally recognizee by growors while tho colorado potato beetle or lug is familiar to every potato grow er the potato flea beetle is not so well known this tiny black insect which is about the size rff a pin head eats small round holes in the leaves it is particularly serious on early po tatoes and is generally most common in fields that are weedy or that are surrounded by weeds for these two insects as well as other leaf chewing insects paris green lead arsenate or calcium arsen ate are tho poisons most commonly used paris green is not as generally x as it was a few years ago it does not stick to the foliage as well as the other poisons named and it may cause a burning of the leaves if applied without lime calcuun arsenate is now one of tho best poisons for potato bugs it is quite cheap is quick acting and sticks well to the foliage it should be used at the rate of three pounds to every 100 gallons of bordeaux mixture if lead arsenate is used it should be combined with the bordeaux mixture at the rate of five pounds to one hun dred gallons probably the most serious insect pest affecting tho potato is the leaf hopper this small green insect lives mostly on tha undersides of tho leaves and sucks the juice from the plant during august and september pota to fields that have not been protected against this pest show a drying of the plants the tips and margins of the leaves curl upwards and become ease attacks the leaves causing black watersoaked spots it spreads rapid ly during cool muggy weather caus ing losses in some sections of ontario nearly every year early blight another fungous dis ease controlled by spraying with bor deaux mixture attacks the foliage ss lesson august 30 paul and the phlllpplan jailer acts 162- 1640 golden text believe on the lord jesus christ and thou shalt be saved acts 16 31 analysis i pl and silas flogged and im prisoned at philippi 1924 ii the conversion op the philip- pian jailer 2534 introduction after the conver- making small dark spots on the sion of lydia occurred a second and leaves these spots when closely ex- even more remarkable work of grace amined show concentric rings like a j at philippi this was the rescue and target this disease is common every conversion of a halfwitted girl whom year and takes quite a heavy tollof unscrupulous men empoyed iit u iv- i to earn money for them by the teling the crop by injuring the leaves thus of fortunes ms u of degra lessening the yield aside from controlling leaf hop pers early blight and late blight bor deaux mixture increases the effective- dation and sin st paul succeeded in delivering her but so great was the anger of her employers at paul hav ing interfered with their commercial ness of whatever poison may be used interests that they dragged him vd silas before h courts and instituted proceedings against them the pres ent lesson describes the results of these proceedings i paul and silas flogged and im prisoned at philippi 1924 v 19 the employers of tho girl in their indignation at losing their pro fits set law at defiance and brutually drag the missionaries with their own for insects it causes the poison to stick well to the leaf and it ha3 been found particularly effective when combined with calcium arsenate or arsenate of lead in controlling flea beetles every growing giving ser ious attention to the potato crop should use bordeaux mixture in every spray application potato lice or aphids are serious in some seasons they feed on the under side of the leaves and on the growing tips of the stalks at their first ap pearance add one pint of forty per cent nicotine sulphate to one hundred add these to your preserve closet by mary hamilton talbott hands before the courts vs 20 21 the law courts were organized on the roman model since 1048 girls kimonosleeve dress with or without bertha and side drap ery sizes 8 10 12 and 14 years size 10 years requires 2v4 yards of 36inch or 40inch material price 20c 1104 girls dress with shaped yoke long or short sleeves and high or low neck sizes 4 c 8 and 10 yrs size g years requires 2 yards of 32inch or 1 yards of 36inch ma terial price 20 cents 1109 girls kimonosleeve dress with tab extension on front and back tors the accusation brought be fore them is that paul and silas ae gallons of bordeaux mixture and jews and dist of the peace of spray so that all parts of the plant the city- while the jewish religion are covered yits ithe spray obsor- was pernsitted under roman law any vations should bcmade for this in- alleged breacn of the peace was of philippi was a roman colony the j panel and with round or square neck magistrates being known as prae- sizes 4 6 8 10 and 12 years size sect at frequent intervals and the nicotine spray should be applied be fore tho lice cause tho leaves to curl high pressure sprayers for best results the success from spraying depends upon its thoroughness and timeliness it is necessary that all parts of the plant bo covered with a thin film of the spray to accomplish this a ma chine that can maintain approximate ly two hundred pounds pressure should be used then the spray will be delivered in a fine mist that will envelop the whole plant since most insects and fungous diseases begin their attacks on the lower sides of the leaves the spray boom should bo equipped with three nozzles for each row ono directing tho spray down ward to cover the top of the plant and the other two placed close to tho black and brittle this injury to the ground on either side of the row and leaves may cut the yield forty per directing tho spray toward the under cent or more the most effective spray for leaf hoppers is homemade bordeaux made by dissolving four pounds of copper sulphate four pounds of stone lime or six pounds of hydrated lime in fifty gallons of water detailed direction for making bordeaux mixture when properly made and applied will keep the plants green throughout theseason and judging from the results of tests and demonstrations will generally in crease tho yield forty bushels or more per acre in years when late blight sides of the leaves timeliness of application is allim- portant after lata blight or leaf hoppers have caused serious injury to the vines but little good can be had from spraying the time to spray is before the damage is done generally the first spray should be applied when the plants are about six inches high other applications should follow at intervals of ten days or two weeks throughout tho season in cases however where weather conditions are favorable for late blight it may course an indictable offence and in this case gave an outlet for the pre vailing antisemitic feeling paul and silas are accused of introducing practices which are foreign and con trary to the roman law of the colony the real offence of course was that they had interfered these mens business vs 2224 the sentence of tho court was quite illegal as against a roman citizen like paul under the influence of angry antijewish feeling he and silas are condemned to the terrible punishment of flogging the sen tence is carried out and paul and silas weremhereafter shut up in the inner prison the jailer who had been specially instructed to keep them carefully under lock and key took the extra precaution of fastening their feet in the stocks ii 6 years requires 1 yards of 36inch or 1 yards jof 54inch material price 20 cents our fashion book illustrating the newest and most practical styles will be of interest to every home dress maker price of the book 10 cents tho copy each copy includes one coupon good for five cents in the pur chase of any pattern how to order patterns write your name and address plain- ly giving number and size of such patterns a3 you went enclose 20c in stamps or coin coin preferred wrap it carefully for each number- and address your order to pattern dept wilson publishing co 73 west ade laide st toronto patterns sent by return mail occurs the use of bordeaux will save be necessary to spray oftener an orchard inventory if the orchard is a going concern a real business enterprise we ought to go over it at least once a year and check up on it just as carefully as the merchant does his stock of goods in fact in some ways this is more important with the orchard than with astoro for the merchantjnerely learns- what stock he has on hand jwhile g the orchardist can discover many of his past mistakes and can in suspecting some root trouble and should endeavor to find out just what it is frequently this leads into our second general heading pest control and we find that it is due to girdling by mice to borers or to some type of collar rot but whatever the cause it usually calls for drastic treatment another important point to check up in this matter of pest control is scab did you control it if not was this due to failure to reach the tops decide what future policies aredej5 s2p trees or t omitting some par- eirable in order to improve tho out- application or to poor spray- hut ling generally usually one hesitates this inventory ought to be taken i admi tho iatter thou ib ma with pencil and paper in hand to make tn rcas records and every tree should bo ex- b trees sh be scrutinized for amineiin every part cankers san jose scale oyster shell for the rext two or three months this record can be made more effec tively than at any other time in the year because the trco has completed its work for the year the foliage and and many other troubles and the nec essary corrective treatment arranged for i in the matter of pruning wo can tell better atthis season than per haps at any other whether wo have wood growth can be examined and the j u v u pruned enough or too umch and re- crop of fruit is on the trees where it can bo examined if ono is to take such an inventory eomo sort of outline is desirable in order that he may not overlook any of the points that should be noted to organize this score card effec- tivelywe may arrange it under three general heads first growth second fast control third pruning and tho answer to any reasonable question that wo may want to ask under any of these heads will bo right fceforo uaon the trees first hns the growth been what it should one would look for the ans wer to this question in the izo and oolof of the leaves in the length of this seasons growth on the branches nd in the size and color of the fruit if tho tree isnt making from eight to eighteen inches on the terminals pnd if the leaves are not good sizo and good color and if the fruit is undersized then we need to improvo tour fertilizing and cultivation on tho othor hand if tho fruit is oversized and undercolored as will pcasionaliy happen then wo may conclude that we are overdoing the matter of cultivation and nitrogenous fertilizers this matter of growth more than any of tho other items should bo an individual matter with each tree for in this particular the trees are moat likely to vary occasionally whn trees show par- solve on remedying tho defect an other year and lastly we mayjook for trees that need mending or bracing for vacancies that should be filled and wo may consider whether the fillers ought to be removed and whether some change in covor crops is de sirable one certainly comes out of such a canvass with a vastly better knowledge of the orchard and a clear er plan for the future the conversion of the philip- pian jailer 2534 v 25 it was a queer place in which to raise the voice of psalmody and prayer but that night paul and silas were praying and singing hymns what a wonderful thing the religion is which enables broken and outraged men to give thanksto god in a prison- cell well might st paul afterwards write to the philippian christians and say rejoice in the lord al ways and again i say rejoice i no wonder tho other- prisoners were lis tening as paul and silas sang they had never before heard the voice of joy and gladness in a prison vs 2628 that night there occur red an earthquake at philippi not a very uncommon thing in that part of the world locks bolts and bars in the prison flew open and tho prison ers rubbed their eyes to discover themselves free to escape but im agine the consternation of the awak ened jailer he feels it is all over with him for the prisoners are gone a hardened and desperate man and accustomed to acts of violence he draws his sword and i3 only saved from suicide by tho appearance of paul who perceiving the mans in tention shouts do thyself no harm for wo aro all here vs 2930 this was too much for tho jailer god had t been working mightily or his soul all that- night he had doubtless heard tho prisoners singing ho wondered what they had to sing about in a place like that ho had no religion himself no motive for fortitude or courage under conditions of suffering then had come the earthquake and ho had started up to find the jail open and as he thought the prisoners gone death stared him in the face for the moment he wished to strike himself dead until the voice of paul the christian arrested him and he stood transfixed all this pro voked a great emotional crisis in his nature fearing for his soul trembl ing at the thoughtof his sins he call ed for lights and springing in fell at the feet of paul and silas crying sirs what must i do to be saved he had seen enough of these men to know that if any could help him at this moment it was these men whom he had found so calm and serene in the midst of suffering and danger he knew that they were men of god vs 31 32 the missionaries ans wer that faith the surrender of the soul to jesus as lord will save him but not content merely to utter these words paul and silas start preaching and explaining gods gift in christ to the jaiier and his household vs 33 34 nor is the preaching vain the jailer shaken to the very foundations of his being and seeing the stern judgment of heaven upon him accepts the assurance of divine salvation in christ and is baptized with his whole family if you have been a bit lazy about canning there is still time for you to make a lot of good things for your- food storage closet tomatoes are so adaptable for serving at all of the daily meals that most housewives can quantities of them recently it has been discover ed that they have an added value be cause of their rich storeof vitamins which are so necessary for good health the juice of the tomato is now given to young children as free ly as orange juice in the canning of tomatoes how ever a longer period of processing than has been used heretofore is ad visable scald and peel pack in jars then cover with hot tomato juice add a teaspoonful of salt to each quart and process fortyfive minutes in a waterbath at 212 degrees fahren heit allow five minutes less for pint jars and ten minutes less for no 2 or no 3 tins if tins are used cool quickly after sealing by plunging into cold water canning however is not the only way to use this very desirable vege table it is delicious conerted into conserve butter and jelly to make the conserve add to one quart of cooked tomatoes four cup- fuls of sugar one cupful of raisins steamed before adding to mixture one lemon put through the grinder and half a cupful of any kind of chopped nut meats cook until thick my grandmothers recipe for to mato butter is to allow to each two quarts of stewed ripe tomatoes peel ed before cooking four cupfuls of light brown sugar and two teaspoon- fuls each of cloves and cinnamon cook slowly until very thick like ap ple butter the seeds may be sifted out if desired if you want a jelly which is espe cially healthful for children take equal parts of tomato and apple juice twothirds as much sugar as the two combined and the juice of one lemon to each quart of juice boil the juice six minutes before adding the sugar then cook until it gives he jelly test of sheeting from a spoon if the frost catches you with a good many green tomatoes on tho vines do not let them go to waste they make splendid mock mince filling for pies chop fine enough of the sliced toma toes to make four quarts add two quarts of chopped tart apples half a pound each of seeded raisins and currants four tablespoonfuls of chopped citron a quarter teaspoonful each of allspice and cloves four tea- spoonfuls of cinnamon five cupfuls of brown sugar and two cupfuls each of vinegar and water cook slowly until the mixture is thick then seal the tongue of the giraffe is nearly a foot and a half long appleaphis and pearpsylla turn up their toes when the trees are dust ed with calcium cyanid moisture in the air liberates hydrocyanicacid gas a most effective insecticide this calcium cyanid has about as many uses as any one thing could have kills fleas garden insects moles rats woodchucks etc by e l coombs country churches churchyards and war memorials may offer a practical good turn opening for scout handy men carpenters and gardeners in particular a good turn last summer that was much appreciated by a neighboring community was tho tidy ing up and beautifying of the sur roundings of a war memorial- by scouts from tho ottawa district camp stunts for august sow alfalfa sow cover crop in the orchard take the family to tho national fair plow ground for fall wheat tho sooner the better put harvesting machinery under cover dont leave canvases on tho binder tako em off and roll em up treat beans with carbon bisulphid when putting them away to prevent woovils eating thorn plant iris end peonies now they may bo planted as iato as september but tho first week in august is ok divisions of old peony clumps should have at least two eyes and should bo covered with dirt two or three inches clean local bathing places of sun- the spring being so located that the ken iogs submerged rocks if not too cattle can reach it without difficulty large weeds etc placo signs to a whoje barrel should not be used warn of deep holes and of submerged j cattle have caught their heads in such rocks or otlier objects which may be pits and drowned struck by divers arrange dressing learn whether there are any shut- shelters construct a model latrine j ins in the district and if so whether drain or bridgo undesirablo they would appreciate a scout sereh- marshy spots a good marsh bridgo ado some evening if you have a may and filled in with gravel permanently bridgo small- streams where tiatlis cross have found time to draw in the pre vious winters cut of firewood y an hour or sos wood bee would easily take caro of this tho scoutmaster driving tho team tho boys handling the wood clean out a pasture spring pit where cattle drink or construct a pit i coa or wood stove and a low oven one form is made of a barrel cut in maintained it takes about three two around tho middle and sunk over j nn a half hours for tho food on the lowert tray to dry and seven hours dry some of the fruits a very tasty preserve can be made from green tomatoes if large to matoes are used cut them in halves then quarter the halves and to each pound allow threequarters of a pound of sugar and one thinly sliced lemon put the sugar in just enough water to dissolve add the other ingredients and simmer gently until tho tomatoes are almost transparent and the syrup thick very small tomatoes may be preserved whok dont get so enthusiastic over can ning that you waste time energy and fuel over canning- late beets carrots mature lima beans pumpkins and squash the root crops maybe stored in moss cr sand whereas squash and pumpkins should be kept in a dry room with a uniform temperature of 50 degrees lima beans and okra dry satisfactorily and too peaches plums apricots quinces and apples if dried aro a wonderful asset in winter for they can be converted info so many leliciousand healthful dish es and drying them is so easy no matter what drying method i3 used apples pears and quinces should bo pared cored and sliced into cold salt water using an eighth of a ta- spoonful of salt to a gallon of water after two minute in this solution steam them ten minutes before dry ing peaches should bo peeled and stoned ind plums and apricots just stoned the vegetables aro washed and dried tho homemade openrack drier with wiremesh shelves can bo hung over a for the top tray as the product on the lowest shelf dries that on the top helf can bo brought down to lessen the time of drying it for oven dry ing a temperature of 110 to 150 de grees should bo maintained ard the door of the oven left open it takes from four to six hours to dry by this hy spots a good marsh bridgo j ado some evening if you be made of logs pael parallel portable radio receiving set take that j method along if a gas stove is used light only the repair or improve the efficiency pilot burner and close the oven door of neighboring farmers radio sets it takes longer thi3 way but the rc- if you have a real radio electrician suits justify it from ten to twelve every in the troop send the word around j hours a3 a rule are necessary if you cloth over it makes an excellent frame a good test for the dryness of foods is to put a portion in a dry glass jar add a crisp cracker and leave inclosed over night if in the morning the cracker is soft or has lost its crispness dry the product an hour or two longer used candy or cracker boxes are good containers for tho storage of dried foods wrap in wax paper and after placing ort the lid paste paper around the edge to exclude the air a housewife who is famed for her brilliant preserves says the reason they are so sparkling is because they are cooked rapidfy over a hot fire for slow cooking makes them dull and unattractive she said to mo i make a syrup of one quart of water and a little less than two cupfuls of sugar cook only one layer of fruit at a time and see always that each piece is completely covered for parts which are abovo the syrup shrivel and dry out as each layer of fxuit is cooked i lay it on a plate and when all i3 cooked i- pour the syrup over it and let it stand all night this helps to plump it in the morning i pack it into cold sterile jars pour off all the surplus syrup and boil the latter until thick this is then poured into the jars and i see that every crevice is filled when cold i cover with hot paraffin this method i use for peaches plums and berries hard fruits need cook ing in water to soften them before putting them into the syrup the tireless cooker is admirable for preserving pears quinces watermelon rind and citron prepare them in tho usual way put into the cooker kettle add water and boil hard for a minute or two then put into the cooker over night add sugar in the morning threequarters of a pound to a pound of fruit or if a rich preserve is de- sired pound for pound bring to a boil and return to the cooker for foiir hours when the product is ready to pack into jars an unusual peach conserve is made by cooking together until- soft four pounds of peaches pared and cut into small pieces one grated orange ono grated lemon and one grated pine- apple measure and add a pound of j sugar for each pint of pulp add half a pound of blanched and chopped al- monds together with a few peach kernels cook slowly until thick and stir to prevent burning a few jars of pickled peaches should be in every preserve closet the peaches should be nearly ripe and very firm do not stone them and let them stand for two days in a strong solution of salt and water drain and spread them out until quito dry thn fill into jars leaving a quar ter of the space for the liquid to make this add to each quart of vine gar a tablespoonfuh of mustard mix- ed smooth half a cupful of brown sugar a teaspoonful each of powder ed ginger and allspice and six cloves when boiling hot pour over the fruit catchups may be included among the condiments of which it is impos sible to have too great a variety for with them the housewife may give piquancy and change to the daily meals barberry catchup is made by cooking and straining three quarls of barberries- then cook together- ifour quarts of cranberries one cupful of raisins one large quince and ifour small onions in a quart of water strain and mix with the barberry juice add threequarters of a cup ful of salt two cupfuls of sugar half a cupful- of vinegar two rteaspoonf uls of ground cloves and one of ground allspice two tablespoonfuls each of black pepper and celery seed ono tablespoonful of ground mustard one teaspoonful each of cinnamon ginger and nutmeg let boil one minute if too thick add cither vinegar or water to make grape catchup heat ten pounds of the fruit in a kettle with just enough water to prevent scorch ing until they will go through a col ander boil a pint of vinegar and two pounds of sugar for a quarter of an hour and mix with the strained grapes then add an ounce each of cloves cinnamon and mace cook twentyfive minutes if too thick- add a little vinegar and sugarl cork tightly in a farm neighborhood repair fences and gates dp- peonies 6houd not stay more ticularly poor growth with very small i than eight or ten years in one place ar yokowish leaves ono is justified and iris three or four years shorthanded farmers aroj invite your neighbors to a scout can manage a net or cheesecloth cov- trying unsuccessfully during tho busy field day near the conclusion of your cred frame for drying it is better fieldwork season to find an oppor- j camp put on games and display than a metal tray as the moisturo tunity for repairing fences or gates work if tho visitors include boys condenses on tho hitter end retards broken by cattle have them participate in some ofthe tho drying for similar reasons farmers fre- games if not tco many the visiting an electric fan will shorten the qucntly are unable to run into town boys might bo attached as guests to drying process considerably by plac- to sicura mower teeth or other ma- different patrols for the afternoon ing tho product in front of it for chinery parts if tho camp has a at tho discussion of the field day several hours beforo heat drying son means of daily or frequent communi- program by the court of honor hold drying is of course the least expen- cation with town a standing offer to up tho objective of giving the neigh- jsivc method to use but you must keep bors particularly the boys a jolly your weather eye open for if fruits afternoon of real scout fun your- or vegetables get wet they cannot be self take the visitors about the camp redricd with success a weh brushed and explain the various features window screen with a pieco of cheese- keep up the milk flow august is a hard month on dairy cows flies dry pasture and hot days influences may be overcome by pro viding green food alfalfa and corn a grain ration and giving protection from flier and tho hot sun only the industrious cows do well in august others idlo tfid will not cat tho dry ofeed during this trying month the dairyman with a second silo filled during a year of plenty and reserved for a season like this has the laugh on the other felow this time silage and alfalfa reserves are necessary to profitable dairy- farming eetter plan to put up second silo this year thai yon may have nutritious succulent feed at hand for thecowsin future dry years come frequently ard good sjfcge wilkkeep until needed bul letin 287 on silos and stidgo may halp you n j 1 tako caro of such emergency needs during the period of tho camp would be greatly appieciated a shorthanded farmer may not tho present territory of sweden is about half the size of california o bees are always moro otw on cool cloudy days than on warm bright days its funny but whentwer- w meet a bee it must bo on a cloudy day