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s 4cy m t s 9 yzsaeh ggfsg toronl aoorc comrrtuniiuona to ajjronomisit o aocaae si wct harvesting the ce crop the ice crop is the only ore the loading a relatively easy task let farmer harvests that does not rob his the ropes extend across the load from soil of fertility and considering the the tramway hitch a horse to it and advantages of a good horn- supply of drag the blocks from the water onto ice no improvement is more satis- ihe load factory than a good stoc of ice the third gang of men should be at t i i the ice house to place each load in po keep cool is exceptionally good tnt tee k i advice to the political spelbinder jt sition and pack sadwust around it as is even better to the farm family on rapidly as possible eight men with hot summer days when the glass reg- three teams can work rapid in har- isters around ninety in the shade and vesting a crop of ice by ths co-oper- the folks wish to preserve fruit and ltlvo method vegetables and when cool drinks are where the ice is not quite thick so delicious then there is the milk w to meet the need the snow and cream to be cooled and kept cold should be scraped off the surface the until ready for market j day before the cutting is started if vi i indications are that the night will be highly per cent of the dairy pro- cdld thc snow aex as an ducts of the farm rcqure artificial j and retlrds freezing and cooling before they are ready for mar- rernoved not on is the kct or home use wme thirty per cent of ice fceife frozcn but a 1 the v dairy p i lost few inches in thickness is added through tho failure or inability to cool qn sma ds the gnow may be quclay to a low temperature abun- removed to the shorcj lut on i dant testimony can be given by the iav if the snow is dcep manager of the milk plant cneeso fac- im to scran the snow lory or creamery as well as buyers tlreiv the field it becomes neces- creara and eggs oary thereforej to pi it in windrows ice on the farm is not a luxury it kekp the cakes uniform is a money saver and at the samo after the snow is oft the field is time adds to the comfort of the living ready to be marked for cutting the during at least three months of the marking must be done carefully so considerable cold if the pens are kept year six months is a long time to thlt a ca will be rectangular clean and dry give the young calves look ahead and these winter days do w aids in economical handling and plenty of exercise not suggest the added heat of juno iacking tne ice house if the proper ist july and august but now is the time is made marking off the ice wellearnsd rest to can next summers cold l no trouble will be experienced one day a farmer went to the coun- when jack frost snaps a way in but if not subsequent cuttings will be try fair and his hardworking wife re- january or february its a sign for difficult mained at home to see that the farm the farmers to prepare for next sum- success in marking depends largely suffered no loss during his absence he mers heat and the ice season is at on getting the first line straight returned about dark and coming out hand there is no crop that is pro- which may be done by placing a stake on the porch he inquired duced so cheaply and brings higher at each end of the proposed line to im about tired out mary is the returns than the ice crop instead of serve as a guide cows in tho barn depleting the pocketbook it enriches i a straightedge consisting of an yes long since replied the wife the farmer and makes life more at- ordinary board about fourteen feet tractive to his family because it sup- long is then aligned with the two plies a wider variety of highgrade stakes and the cutting tool or hand foods in summer i plow run along its edge after which j cooperation in ice harvesting isjlhe board is pushed forward andj more important perhaps than the again aligned with tho stakes this common community gettogether at is continued until the entire distance threshing time it is best that the ice between the stakes has been covered dairy j the dairyman wh plans to have his cows freshen during the fall and early winter months finds himself con fronted with the problem of stabling a number of young calves the com mon practice among dairymen is to stable c number of calves in one pen stanchioning while fe3dng and turn ing them loose for exjreise i haw never been very suceeful in rearing a number of calves together they contract bad habits that not only im pairs their growth but gives trouble later in life young calves should be given the bast of eare they should not bi bunt ed and jostled around i find ic a good way to provide small pens about four by six feet to keep the calves in for the first lew weeks these pens are made of light panels and can be very home education th child flrt scnool is th family frobl profitable fussing by mary s stover this is the latest study of capt anion fietther inventor of the new evidenco a successful primary te chcr of my acquaintance is an advocate of close supervision in both work and pkiy so she sharply criticized the methods of a eertain newstyle private school while visiting there she found one child fussing by herself with various j boxes and other objects on a small j table what are you doing she asked tbe child tossed her curls and replied j in a fretful tone i dont know what i im doing the visitor regarded this as strong against the school mid easily put up and takrn down each saillcss boat which has become the aka every other planned along the pen has a small feed box and rack for centre of attention in all engineering lines of education to me feeding i circles on the continent and in amorl- tue happening by itself was not con- too much stress cannot be placed ca upon the importance of having light 77 ttc dry wellventilated quarters for bomethmg ijood coming young calves damp poorlylighted of the forty leading varieties of fuss away sometimes even irritably j know that he or she was truly velopment literally millions have no suitable homo play space and play things many rich poor and middle class have their hours too crowded with other thing3 to allow for develop ing individually outside of school they must have their chance there or nowhere directed play and study have their place but are they not given too large a plsee in the lives of most twentieth century children that means too lit tle margin for the experimenting the observation and first hand thought the selfexploration and independent actions which are basic elements of all true education do something dont idle was the elusive surely it isnt well to getjzrequent injunction of the mother of children in the way of aimless work a famous son this was good counsel play or idling yet why shouldnt they yet how often a child might fail to doing quarters are productive of many of winter wheat under test in each of and resentfully without knowing something when engrossed in a very the troubles attacking young calves the past five years the six kinds which what will come of their efforts alii worth while way and causes heavy losses plenty of gave the highest average yields per worthy creative workers have gone we have a homely word to describe bedding i find helps to keep the pens acre were all produced at the college through hour after hour of such ex- such employment of ones time it is dry and comfortable frequently by cross fertilization and selection jperiences j fussing ive been fussing over cleaning of the pens is necessary and some of which have not yet been dis- often even as children these future that for a long while says the sue- in case of bad odor the use of pow- tributed throughout ontario j artisans and artists had a definite cessful inventor the author the scien- dered lime keeps the pen clean and of the fiftytwo varieties of winter goal in mind but would have hesitated tific investigator the statesman to sweet j wheat grown under test in tho past to disclose it for fear of ridicule at explain results over which we exclaim for the first few weeks during the year the thirteen 13 highest yielders other times their manipulations were with pleasure and respect winter months 1 like to keep the acre were all produced at the oac purely experimental the sum total ofi what valuable creative work or ex- calves in a warm part of the stable through hybridization and selection profit to be shown and perhaps shown ecutive work of the higher types young calves are tender and sensitive with but two exceptions namely daw- only years afterward was mastery j is ever performed by individuals who to sudden weather changes later as sons golden chaff which came fourth of the tools of thought and hand ah never spent long hours concerning the calves get older they will stand and red rock which came tenth fed is the hosses unharnessed yes fowls locked up yes a wood chopped fer mornin yes be them ducks plucked an dressed fer market yes wagon wheel mended an ready to the ice to form while it is yet cold i with a handplow though this is not start in hauling wood tomorrow morn- and of preventing waste if freezing so satisfactory as the handplow canjing weather is passing then too the i not be operated in so straight a linej yes work can be done much moreefficient- j with the board after the first line well then he concluded with a be cut out and hauled to the storage another way is to stretch a line be- house as soon as possible to permit tween the stakes and do the marking children need to spend much time just which they must honestly say that getting acquainted with things i they didnt know then what they were rightly circumstanced boys and doing failure is often the roadt girls will do enough of this outside success and the habit of patient fuss- but how few in this age are rightly ing is a profitable one for every child circumstanced for normal childish de- to form triangle experiments 0-12- 4 best yield and largest profit s the childrens hour the dairyman of pass- agrille ly when there are enough men and teams to do all the operations at tho tame time i to harvest ice efficiently a few ice has been cut it can bo used as a guide sigh of relief let me have my supper for the horse marker if this imple- mary and ill turn in farmin is ment is used j beginnin to tell on me after the ice field has been lined off this is the name applied to the form of experiments that the chemistry dept of the 0 a college have been using to ascertain tho needs of certain soils for certain crops the plots are not triangle but the name refers to netting in the blue waters of he the arrangement of the quantities of 9 m oit the three fertilizer constituents uftwi of th s a are used on the different plots the bit of heaven in the shape of experiment as conducted on six farms j an island known as passagre and v fi wj it is here that silas dent the dairy- college head and sports have growing potatoes in kent five m wei- their proper place in our curriculum lngton and four in middesex ca ed p q lf fi wlth of course for twentyone plots giving twenty- students dadglad to hear it- one different arrangements of the twentytwo cows his horse his glad to know my boy will have some three fertilizer constituents one of chance to study you know tho most important points that was sports in their proper place head and dog and a few chickens his dairy is two and a half miles the dairyman should ever keep in mind these facts that the ration with a wide nutritive ratio has a ten dency to put on fat while one with a demonstrated by means of these plots from the little town which has its be took will be needed a steel scraper in one direction the crosslines should the wrong variety of soybeans j narrow nutritive ratio tends to pro- la desirable some types of road scrap- 1 be made care should be taken to way 8 ln wrong with the crop mote milk production ars can be usod for this work or a have these at right angles to those very good homemade scraper may be fi drawn which is accomplished by fashioned of wood and faced with an old crosscut saw an iceplow is al use of a square a suitable square may be made easily by first nailing financial value of floral decoration most essential if any great quantity the ends of two boards together with of ice is to be harvested this f acili- 1 a single nail measure a distance of r iaoo j i ing on the south end of the island and throughout the season of wli ana fa a 1 ll i twice a day silas makes the round i trip of five miles down the beaeh and ed down and some manure used in pre- back in his wagon drawn by charlie no bearing vortic7lvolnte ndorizontal i board diagonally across the two ad- j shrubs and gel them growing before ft hooks are needed ln floating the ice justing it until the two marks are ex- putting their property on the market to the loading platform an ice saw actly ten feet apart on a straight line may be useful or an ordinary crosscut n the boards together securely baw may be used by removing one the desired square if the handle first cross is drawn with care it is ice cutting is best conducted by easy to draw the remaining lines throe squads of men each with a parallel team the first squad removes thoj how to estimate quantity needed paring ground for potatoes crease in yield was obtained irom j j j j nvi a cows and their calves are pals of added nitrogen phosphoric acid in r jji was each has a name which he or the form of acid phosphate always has j j i a z v rii tim she knows and to which each gladly a decided influence on the yield the one calf cved jessa results of the first two years expen- responds une call is caed jessa- mental work all point to the fact that a hm j accompnn- a fertilizer mixture of 0124 type was jit n hkcato it has become the practice of house glimpse of such a home seen among most likely to give the best yield of r n0 ns unusual to find silas seated under a palmtree with a calf in his lap tenderly stroking it or scratching its head it seems to be a source of sorrow to both when the another sad event is when a calf inadvertently and must go to i i ii nrt uuiiti un urse occasions silas campaign has been started to make bring out very cearly the possibility invariab siye f d more attractive the approaches to the of growing sufficient nitrogen into the di fo tha transfer city the routes by rail are to be ground to make the use of added nitro- fh reatons bctwccn man looked after first owners of manu- pn unnecessary forjhe potato ugp cows and the uuer iack of fear on facturing plants and warehouses arcn tates the removal of the porous sur- eight feet on the outer edge of one builders in some cities who have put i the trees strip away the vines or potatoes and largest profit face ice and greatly simplifies cutting board and six feet on the outer edge for tn n c j take away the trees and the place if this year a little mtroge into blocks half a dozen pike poles of the other board then nail a third u einngs ioi saie io sec out some looked at r v rcga j fertilizer mixture gave payin nitrogen in the ng results this was probably due to the wet sea- in the city of toronto the apprecia- j son which kept the ground cold ahi4 f out vr even a small amount of preliminary tion of horticultural ornamentation is delayed nitrification thus making thejj is n ca planting makes it much easier to find stirring some of the realtors of the added nitrogen especially useful the cha s to be a a purchaser one does not require a city to action it is announced that a results of the three years experiments lln t nn t very vivid imagination to realize the i ki miicnci value of this practice a fine looking house that is completed and the grad ing only commenced is much less at- most seasons it has also been know or spongy ice froii tho surface to calculate the amount of ice need- tractive than another of similar typo lacturing plants and waieiiouses arc the part of the cows may have some- of tho field and plows saws and cuts ed on a dairy farm take the number presenting a grassy lawn nnd founda- boing requested to join the movement shown that acid phosphate is essential thing at in facl do the ice into blocks of a size most con- of cows kept as a basis if the averj tion shrubbery set out with judgment by cleaning up their properties facing for economical returns quality and output of tho venient to handle if the ice is more age cow produces 8500 pounds of 87 j a very slight planting adds an air the railways and by making them as t-i- i- i than twelve inches thick blocks two per cent milk per year which is equal of mellowness and links the dwelling attractive as possible plots of shrub- feet square on the surface would be to 481 pounds of thirty per cent with its surroundings it makes it bery and beautiful lawns are being most convenient if it is thinner than cream it will require 431 times 116 appear to be at home and peaceful on planned by the realtors and it is ex- thls blocks three feet square can be pounds or about 600 pounds of ice to i its site which will often attract a pected that in a few years the ap- packed conveniently into the house i cool the cream produced by each cow buyer that would otherwise make a proaches to toronto will bo of such a but thick ice should be cut ln proper and keep it in good sweet condition fuither search for his prospective character as to make a fine impression blocks so as not to call for undue until delivered to market in addition j home on the minds of the many thousands lifting i it is best to store boo pounds addition- the speculative builder who does of visitors to the capital city of thc tho second squad of men cut looso nl ice or a total of 1000 pounds per planting does not do so from the good- j province each year the blocks and float them to the side cow this is sufficient to cool the ness of his heart or because of his the city of st thomas by working of the open wator where they are cream needed for household uses and resthetic sense tho few dollars he along these lines through the instru- readyto be loaded on the sleigh or allow for reasonable waste there- j invests return to him not only the mentality of the horticultural society wagon here a tramway with a pair fore the twenty cow dairy should have quicker sale of his house but a sub- has worked a revolution not only in triangle experiments are also being conducted cooperatively with bean j growers sugarbeet growers celery and onion growers corn versus sunflowers for silage where com does well it proves a more profitable crop than sunflowers for silage purposes not only do the while not insisting that every dairyman shall rock his calves to sleep in his arms would it not be a good idea if more consideration were shou all cattle in fact all animals of hooks attached to a roe will make 100 tons of ice stored j stantial profit on the investment the appearance of the town but in the of several years work on this ques tion 1 the optimum temperature for the incubation of hens eggs was be tween 100 and 108 dog f measured by standing thermometers in a hot- airtype incubator with the centre of tho bulb one and a half inches above tho egg tray 2 a temperature of 101 deg f poultry how to determine by an external ramination whether or not an egg is fertile and if hatched what the sex of the chick will bo has been the subject of a great deal of speculation as a matter of fact tho sure meth ods that have been circulated from time to time are unsupported by ex perimental evidence and arc practical- 1 throughout tho period of incubation ly worthless i measured with a standing thermo- one of the moro common beliefs is motor gave the lest hatching results that long narrow eggs will hatch only i 3 the optimum temperature fori male chicks whereas short round j t incubation of white and brown eggs will in most cases produce f j eggs was the same males experimental observation in- white eggs usually pipped and dicatcs that in the long run both sorts hatched a few hours earlier than of eggs produce about 50 per cent ofbrown eggs at the same temperature oach sex i temperatures below the optimum similarly the position of the air cell tended to delay the hatch and gave a is of no valuo in determining thc sex ll number of undesirable chicks j of the chick that will hatch from an temperatures above the optimum egg other theories work out in just brought tho hatch off earlier but gave j about thc samo way one will do best a rrtater number of undesirable chicks to plnn on 50 per cent males and 50 optimum or lower than optimum i per cent females although in some temperatures seasons the actual results may vary ending thermometers with the quite a bit from this equal division of of the bulb one nnd a half the sexes inches above the eggtray and near to one of the most important consid erations in the successful operation of an incubator is that of maintaining a correct temperature throughout the incubation period following arc some of tho conclusions reached as a result in touring through the country one pride of the citizens in their streets may go into raptures ovor n romantic i and homes vinecovered cottage or the entrancing canadian horticultural council but not touching the eggs gave the most dependable tmporuirc for in cubation hard work is the best yeast with which to raise dough this new lifesaving apparatus is so constructed that the person insldo cin float on she water nd still have excellent shelter it is equipped with ft email aperture to penult the firing of a ptol to tttract attention turkey meat healthful scientists claim that turkey meat has a much larger percentage of pro- sunflowers give a smaller crop yield tcin or fleshforming food than beef but the crop is more difficult and ex- it is more easily digested because the pensive to handle besides this the j fibre is shorter and yields more read- quality of the silage is not quite as lily to the digestive process bsef con- satisfactory it is in the colder parts tains a high percentage of extractive of canada whero corn does not thrive matter which is nearly entirely lack- well that sunflowers find a place ing in turkey the dominion field husbandman in i turkey diet is considered especially his report for 1923 gives the yield of beneficial to persons troubled with sunflowers at the central experimental acidity of the stomach a condition al farm as 20 tons to the acre while often caused by an excessive beef diet the corn yielded nbout threequarters i there are the same nutritive qualities of a ton less in dry matter however in turkey meat as in beef beef stim- which is a truer index of tho value of nlates tl acid secretions of the stora- a fodder crop corn gave almost a tonjach and if there is an excess of acid more roth the sunflowers and corn turkey counteracts the effects were planted with the grain drill in i rows 42 inches apart in harvesting the crop the sunflowers were not so easily handled with the corn binder nnd gave greater difficulty in hauling and putting through th cutter sun- flower siage owing to the large am- ount of moisture it contains freezes much more readily than corn in the silo this latter difficulty may how- i ever be reduced states tho report byl allowing the sunflowers to wilt for a time in the field before hauling to the silage cutter j some men never think to see if they need gasoline until the car wont go any more has gcorfre decided or your ore- many women succeed in the care of bcn yot poultry under adverse conditions that yep and my future would cause men to quit in disgust brains as well as feed are import ant factors in poultry culture thero must not be n shortage of cithor tho mongrel is a haphazard com nination neither mo thing nor tin other it is a weed on ti poultry farm