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school fairs and home garden contests ontario1922 school fairs have had a wonderful development in ontario during the past few years their popularity does not seem to be waning in the least and it is a particularly encouraging sign to see the deep interest that is developing from year to year amongst the local people the growth of the movement can best be gleaned from the following figures given in approximately seven- year periods by r s duncan bisa director agricultural representative branch 1909 number of school fairs held 1 number of schools included 3 number of children taking part 68 number of home plots 58 number of entries made at the fairs 174 number of children attending fairs 80 number of adults attending fairs 170 total attendance at fairs 250 1915 234 2291 48386 61243 116236 72860 84406 157266 1921 449 3847 95307 114216 193545 164831 188728 843259 this is truly a phenomenal growth school fairs are conducted jointly the and it i3 the desire of the department to extend from time to time this form of education to all the rural schools in the province in order that all school children may enjoy its benefits during the past season the ontario department of agriculture through the agricultural representatives dis tributed to the boys and girls enrolled in the school fair movement the fol lowing qauntities of seeds and eggs potatoes 1039 bags oats barley and wiles 252 bush peas and corn sweet and field 24100 pkgs beets carrots onions and parsnips 42000 mangels and turnips 12800 asters phlox svveet peas and cosmos 30760 eggs bredtolay barred plymouth rock 10852 each school fair is carried on by a board of directors composed of repre sentatives from the school the agri cultural representative acting as manager in most cases the repre sentative is assisted by a local com mittee representing the teachers trustees and parents and where we have an active committee all pulling together there is no weak link in the chain one of the greatest handicaps to better work is the annual change of teachers but this is gradually being overcome because many teachers have had more or less experience with school fairs even before they graduate from the normal schools it is very gratifying to report that the quality of the exhibits is improv ing from year to year the pupils are gradually learning that it does not pay to bring anything but good stuff to the fair the judges are requested to point out by comparison the differ ence between the exhibits awarded first prize and those awarded second third fourth fifth and sixth prizes besides giving reasons for their plac- ings the judges try to point out to the exhibitors and others the desirable type what constitutes quality in the various classes called for ontheprize list and to offer hints or suggestions as to the preparation of exhibits- to my mind this is one of the greatest educational features of the school fair district championship school fairs were held during the past season in the following counties frontenac halton norfolk oxford welland and weritworth and rainy river and manitoulin districts the first sec ond and third prize exhibits from the various school fairs in the county or district were eligible for competition the agricultural society supplying practically all the prizo money following conditions must be com plied with 1 prize list that the list of class es for the rural school fair prepared by the agricultural representative and the rural school fair association be included in the regular prize list of the agricultural society that one copy of this prize list bo distributed to each pupil or one copy to each family or household in the rural school fair association that the prize list be issued not later than june 1 where it is im possible to issue the regular agricul tural society prize list by this date the society should issue a separate school fair prize list for early dis tribution 2 finances that the agricultural society supply half the prize money such sum not to exceed 75 for these classes and that the sum be paid in cash to the manager or secretary of the rural school fair association prior to the fair 3 accommodation that the agri cultural society supply suitable building or tent accommodation for displaying the pupils exhibits to gether with tables and poultry coops and have same in readiness the day previous to the fair where this equipment is supplied by the depart ment of agriculture the agricultural society must pay transportation and cartage charges and furnish help to erect the tents that suitable field accommodation properly enclosed be definitely as signed to the rural school fair for the purpose of holding sports parades judging of live stock that a program for the day be de cided upon by the agricultural society officials and agricultural represen tative to avoid clashing of events 4 admission that all pupils and teachers in the schools taking part in the rural school fair be given free admission to the fair 6 judges that the agricultural society supply judges for exhibits such as poultry live stock vegetables grains etc satisfactory to the de partment 6 protection constables that the agricultural society supply pro tection for rural school fair exhibits new features a successful school fair must have something new and worth while each year the pupils demand change in order to keep up interest sports are merely an added attraction last year many representatives conducted some competition that was entirely new to the children such as judging competitions for teams of three boys in live stock and for three girls in sewing or darning individual compe- toe childrens hour a good set of roles here is a set of rules which every girl would do well to follow be brave courage ia the noblest of all gifts be silent while your elders are speaking and otherwise show them deference obey obedience is the first duty of every girl be clean both yourself and the place you live in be the friend of all harmless wild life conserve the woods and flower3 and especially be ready to fight wild fire in forest or town word of honor is sacred play fair foul play is treachery be reverent be kind do at least one act of un- bargaining service every day be helpful do your share of the work bo joyful seek the joy of being alive during vacation days you will doubtless have an oppor tunity during vacation days to scat ter seeds of kindness while on your vacation by showing your interest in ail animal life interest others in this cause of mercy justice and kindness to every living creature protect dogs and cats from ill- treatment give them food and water and a comfortable place to sleep discourage nestrobbing boys among your companions horses and cows will enjoy better health and do better work if they are groomed every day it is cruel to carry fowls with their heads downward and their feet tied together the easiest way to raise a calf i by feeding it whole milk this prob ably will produce the best calf but not necessarily the best dairy cow feeding skimmilk to the calf after it has secured a proper start may give as good a cow as the feeding of whole milk but the process requires greater care for the first few days the calf should run with its mother after which it should be removed and fed warm fresh whole milk by hand this should be continued for ten days or two weeks at least the length of time it should be continued depends upon the vigor of the young animal from ten to twelve pounds of this milk should be fed per day in three feeds at first but this number may later be reduced to two the skimmilk is then introduced gradually and a period of about two weeks should be required before the calf is placed entirely upon its new feed the skimmilk should be sweet and warm when fed cold sour milk is the greatest cause of scours con tinue the skimmilk for at least five months and it may be fed for six or seven months depending upon the supply as soon as the calf is old enough to eat substitute feeds they should be given handling cream on the farm the low price of milk the past year has caused a great many farmers to separate their milk on the farm feed ing the skimmilk to hogs calves and poultry and selling the cream i have been following this practice of hand ling my milk the past year and be lieve it is more profitable than to sell the milk we have all the milk we can use for feeding purposes and fish should be killed as soon as feel sure it is worth i considerable taken out of the water by a sharp blow on the back of the head such fish keep betterand are better to eat a good ration for young ducklings is a mash made of two parts cornmeal and one part bran to which is added a sprinkling of grit and five per cent beef scrap they should have plenty of- green food such as lawn clippings or vegetables and given a range w between the pump and large stock where they can gather green food i tank in order- that water may be give fresh water in dishes deep pum through the cooling tank more than the labor involved and cost of machinery for separating the problem of keeping cream in good condition during the hot weather months is not a difficult one to solve on the farm cream should be de livered at least twice a week during the summer season in excessive hot weather three times a week is more advisable as soon as cream is separated it should be placed in cool water and kept at low temperature a cooling tank conveniently located near the enough so they can cover their nos trils with water when drinking shade should be provided for duck lings a lack of protection from the hot sun causes severe losses during the cooling tank should be protected from the sun never mix warm and cool cream cool the freshly separated cream to about the same temperature- as the championship fairs are feasible titions in naming weeds applesvege- only where it is possible to conduct j tables and live stock the latter from the school fairs sufficiently early in pictures chicken plucking boy3 rid- the season to allow prize exhibits to ing girls hitching and driving public compete at the place where thechanij speaking and singing- competitions pionship iaifis held and where trans- an strathcona drill andsjhool fair portation facilities are sufficient boys i parade not all of these congests can and girls take a great pride in winj carried out at any one fair but a ning a championship ribbon and the few new stunts each year add in- quality of the exhibits is reflected in terestjandkeep up the enthusiasm of the summeri the old ducks can be cream you wish to mix it with do given a ration of equal parts of bran not put freshly separated cream into cornmeal and boiled vegetables andj a ice box or refrigerator until first ten per cent beef scrap the mash is cooled in water to get rid of the ani- usually given at night and morning m heat frequent stirring of cream a scratch grain of either cracked cornj while cooling will aid in removing the or wheat and oats can be given at animal heat it also is good practice noon during the laying season a to stir the cream at least three times the sunday school lesson july 2 ezekiel the watchman of israel ezek 2 116 3 1721 golden text seek ye the lord while he may be found call ye upon him while he is near let the wicked forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts and let him return unto the lord and hewill have mercy upon him and to our god for he will abundantly pardon isa 55 6 7 lesson foreword ezekiel who was of a priestly family was carried into exile to babylonia with the first cap tives in bc 597 his prophetic min istry was thus devoted to the exiles in babylonia and he did much to help them bear the sorrows of exile and to keep in remembrance the religion of their fathers when surrounded with a great pagan religion and civilization his style is precise and somewhat formal his prophecies are filled with all manner of strange symbols some times weird and sometimes truly sublime i ezekiels call ch 2 16 v 1 he said that is god in the preceding chapter ezekiel tells of his inaugural vision of god at this vision ezekiel fell prostrate and now the silence is broken god speaks son of man ezekiel uses this expression about a hundred times applying it to himself it denotes his sense of human frailty and nothingness in con- i trast to the ineffable majesty of god stand upon thy feet this command all cans and utensils used in hand- was given because god wishes to an- good ration for breeding ducks con sists of equal parts of lowgrade flour bran cornmeal vegetables and twelve per cent beef scrap a good range is rather essential if ducks are raised at a moderate cost a small body of water is helpful be cause of the natural food of ducks such as grasses and insects which will be found in such a place water is not necessary however except that it ling cream should be thoroughly wash- nouree- to him that by his prophetic daily to prevent lumps forming and also to give the cream a uniform body cream should contain from thirty- two to fortyrfive per cent butterfai thin cream deteriorates more rapidly than thick cream however if the cream is too thick there is consider able waste from transferring from one can to another at the creamery must be supplied abundantly for e an scalded do not keepthe cream the local school gfair the champion ship goal seems to be an added stimulus the exhibits staged at these championship fairs were not only a the children the home garden contests the home garden contest is prim arily intended for the teenage boys credit to the pupils but also to the and girls on the farm sufficient seed district from which they came the- is given each contestant to plant a pupils are broadening out and they plot 30x40 ft the crops grown are as arc gaining a wonderful experience follows tomatoes corn cabbage peas which will have its effect upon thj beans onions radist lettuce par larger fairs in the future snips beets carrots swiss chard cu- during the past two or three years cumbers squash citron and spinach there has been an agitation on the a special pamphlet showing the part of the officers of some agricnlj crop arrangement plan of garden and tural societies to have the school fairs giving cultural instructions is handed linked up with fair3 held under soj each contestant each contest com- ciety auspices those favoring the prises 25 gardens during the past holding of joint fairs put forth the season the competitors paid the cost argument that there would be iess price of the seeds namely 75 cents duplication of work and effort and the and in all there were 76 home garden combined fair would be more success- contests including 1875 pupils ful this scheme has had a fair trial during the months of july and and about the only thing to commend i august the agricultural representa- itjelf is the fact- that the gate re- tives inspected the gardens and ceipts are greatly increased the awarded prizes for the best gardens greatest objection to holding joint in addition special prizes were offer- fairs is the fact that in the great ed at the school fair and local fall majority of cases there are too many fair for exhibits of vegetables from counterattractions and difficulty is the home gardens last year compe- drinking purposes missing children said the sunday school teacher this picture illustrates to days lesson lot was warned to take his wife and daughters and flee out of sodom here are lot and his daugh ters with his wife just behind them and there is sodom in the background now has any girl or boy a question to ask before we take the study of the lesson well susie pleathe thlr lisped the youngest in the class where lth the flea tightly covered at any time while storing cream keep it in a clean well- ventilated place commission he was to be elevated to a position of dignity and brought- into closer relation to gcd and the rest of his fellow exiles v 2 the spirit entered into me unable to raise himself tho spirit of some conception of the magnitude go rabe u h an lifted him of the canning industry in british i upon his feet the spirit of god columbia may be obtained from th s conceived throughout the old testa- fact that 10000 tons 6f welsh tin- ment men with umque pow- this case the prophet had discharged his duty and even though the wicked contiriuo in sin no blame can be at tached to the watchman v 20 when a righteous man doth turn the righeous no leas than tho wicked are to be watched and warned for the righteous may eventually fall from the way i lay a stumbling block something over which the righteous may fall and perish god permits circumstances which may tempt even the righteous to sin he shall die ezekiels doctrine is that even though a man live a righteous life but sin at the last his righteous life counts for nothing and he dies as a sinner application watchman what of the night every one is saying these are strange new times and it is true and new occasions teach new duties there is always a present crisis lofthouse in his recent vivid book on ezekiel is worth quoting here there has never been a time when by a careful ob server a change could not be seen passing over the spirit of the world true of the downfall of the roman empire in the fifth century the rise of- the new conception of european unity under charlemagne the period of the invention of gunpowder the fall of constantinople and tho dis covery of the new world at the close of the middle ages every generation is pregnant with possibilities of bless ing or disaster ideals are always at plate has just been received for the with the divine spirit it sometimes seasons trade i came upon him violently and trans- i ported him in vision to the land of honor and humility belong together israel at other times it filled him the vain girl who thinks always of great rapture herself misses the path of leadership v 3 he is commissioned to declare ezekiel has many experiences stake but for our own age this much can be said the state was never so great or so widely realized nothing seems too good to be hoped for no thing too evil to be feared in such a situation as the present where shall we find our true prophet should not a people seek unto their parents as educators the message of god to his people the 5 a seek unto their children of israel are now described j to th ia the testimony that the prophet may be under no illu- tjey speak not according to this hungry children by lydia lion roberts ions regarding them they are tho rebellious children of rebellious fathers j v 4 impudent children and stiff- i hearted literally hardfaced and found in carrying out the wellarrang ed program for the entertainment and especially the education of the chil dren with this plan the school fair would more or less lose its identity and defeat some of the objects for which it was originallyformed name ly to give inspiration and create greater interest broadly speaking in agriculture the department feels that school fairs should be held separately and distinct from county or township fairs in seme communities however the pocul people feel that the two can be combined quite nicely and in order to guard against tho objections raised the department insisted that where the fall fairs held under the auspices of the agricultural societies and the titors were required to can products from their gardens and exhibit these at the fairs along with the fresh vege tables this year it is planned to make canning optional the object of these home gardens is to interest boys and girls in better agriculture and encourage tho use of more vegetables in the farm home it ia truly surprising- what can be grown in a small garden and after allowing the family free use of the vegetables grown many of the boys managed to dispose of tho surplus products and mado a little pin money they were thus able to thoroughly enjoy spend ing a little money earned by the exer cise of their own skill these early lessons in finance should stand them in good stead a mother was looking over a box of old photographs and her little boy was an interested watcher by her side as one picture came into view the boy exclaimed whenever i see a pic ture of auntie gertrude it makes me feel hungry afterwards he explain ed that it was because she brought him so many good things to eat the aunt referred to was a very busy woman yet she always managed word it is because there is no light in them what trees to plant for ontario conditions the follow ing treeplanting guide is offered a3 learn quickly when uffii383 ecpanung is offered as mother makes bread the little 10 v rem fhem hard to j regards selecticn of trees to suit local should have n ball of dough and a reason with thu3 sailh the lord j soil and moisture conditions raisin or a bit of jam to make a bis- ezekiel is to make known to them good sandy oam3 sugar maple cuit if the child has dishes big that he speaks authoritatively as the black walnut pin oak white ash red enough nnd this is important for prophet of god j oa there should be a small pan or un- v 5 whether they forbear he- good medium loams white ah ttworkct tne work can do done exactly as thcrc hath been a nronhct amnmr black wnlnut butternut soft or silver mother does it and therefrom come luem eventually they will realize ma white oak nativo pane orien- the first lessons in cooking tnat tn 0n6 wnom jod scn rca tal plana native basswood norway i could turn those doughnuts a prophet maple red oak to find time to slip a gingerbread man suggested a small boy to his grand- v 6 ezekiel is not to be daunted by good clay loams soft or silver or a popcorn ball or n surprise pack- mother who was making the tooth- the opposition of the people they maple white elm white ash age into her bag for the children some goodies she started to turn may persecute him in wot and deed low-lyine- wet soiis soff mrl l il a lil i u u l i li hut nn must nnfc ho disenurncrp1 lirtvra nhu where she visited another child never forgot a basket trimmed with colored tissue paper holding some baked cookies that her aunt brought to her after she had been sick food plays an important part in a childs life nnd a mother may teach by it as well as by other things all him nervous showed it must be done consequently hej scorpions astff tfrorgoriirvov and native poplars pin oak if con- turned every single one m a most persecution with their striko and grownup way and informed the fnmj sting they are able to deal death ily proudly that night grandma and u the watchman of souls ch 3 i made doughnuts today j 1721 it is not cowardly to avoid unnce- children love surprises and little facc3 the ten cent store hasjnany a small y 17 a more proviso description of essary risks hricrhten on stormv dnvs whon n ritein tin nnd nnsmvl nnn thnfc wmim mnlrn fl nmnwa trt i- mw reimn wai- r t dition is not too bad o- fere she raises a brighten on stormy days when a raisin tin and cname pan that would make the prophets work is now given he j swat the fly be cake baked in their own little pan a start towards a little girls cooking is act as ft watchman cr sentinel andj f appears or a lunchbox dinner is set and would give her much pleasure charged with the cure of souls placed on the playroom table withland profit if she learned to take care watchman it is worth noting that amsterdam u cut by canais into ie pans nnd to ccok simple things ezekiels work is not wjth crowds but nty islands connected by 300 dainty sandwiches and fruit nnd of the w j i maybe a bit of candy or a few nuts in them the best way of all is to v is k n n f any little boy or girl likes to learn suggest to a child that a biscuit be wi u he does to ccok when mother is cooking and made for daddys supper or a tiny not warn a wicked man arxi the wicked though that is not an especially good cake as a surprise for a playmate dies in his sins then the prophet is time for mother in one way yet in thus the lessons in cooking and giv- held countable he that fails to another way it is the best time for ing plnnirg and unselfishness are save life kills davidson children are happy when busy and learned together v 19 if thou warned the wicked ia bridges limesulphur glue is easier to mak and to apply than clfboiled limo- sulphur and it 3 said to get brown rot and scab nnd to color the fruit just as well ask tho county ranre- ientctivt- about it sryteszaammat immvur