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by agronomist this department is for the use of our farm readers who want the advice of an expert on any question regarding soli seed crops etc i your question is of sufficient general interest it will be answered through this column if stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed with your letter a complete answer will be mailed to you address agronomist care of wilson publishing co ltd 73 adelaide st w toronto slaking work count for the most some farmers own a farm and work on it others own a farm and manage it the latter works just as much as the former but in a differ ent way he works his head along with his hands he doesnt get up at four oclock in the morning just because that as the time all farmers are supposed to crawl out he gets by harvesting corn with hogs in this way they needed no help to pick the corn and the method isnt waste ful either i have tried it and i defy anyone to find an ear of corn left in the field after hogging down hcadwork is just as necessary to the man who operates a farm as it is to the man who sits at a desk and runs a railroad you must map out up because he knows that to keep j things running smoothly he must be hel wlu on the job to get the most efficient catt out p labor from the men he employes he control tomato diseases knowledge of precautionary to avoid crop diseases must not only direct them telling them what to do and how to do it a but he also finds it necessarv to work measures with them and take the lead in doing j highly important to tomato growers the work this might not be feasible tomatoes are subject to many dis- on large ranches or plantations where a one of which may be suf- the help runs into the hundreds but fluently serious to ruin the entire on farms like you and i know about cr or at lcast to preclude the possi- it is a mighty good plan bll of making a profit on the sea- plan your work ahead and then so uftw l t use the best seed obtainable tree keep ahead of the work if you can plan your farm work and direct your labor so as to get more done than the average then you are the man who can afford to pay more than the av erage wages to your help good farm labor of any kind for that matter is hard to get buf if you can pay a little more than the otlier fellow you get the best help try and make everything handy about the farm so as to make it easier to do the work a broken or hardoperating gate that is much used will waste a lot of time in the course of a day an empty water tank when the teams come in at night hot and tired means that one or more of the men must spend con siderable time on the pump handle and all because someone forgot to put the windmill in gear its not th- big things that arc forgotten but the little ones that hcp the big ones along always have in mind some rainy- day jobs if you cant remember them put them down in a book an hour spent in tightening up or re pairing a machine may save a ten- hour day if it breaks down in the field an inside job of grinding or shotting corn on a rainy day even though the feeder isnt quite empty might be the means of keeping everything going full blast in the field when the sun is shining making hay when the sun shines is only pos sible by seeing that odd jobs are done when it rains as far as possible the manpower you employ should be cut down by machinery a gang plow and six horses and one driver will do just as much in a day as two sulkies with three horses and a driver each you could just as well save the cost of that one man two tworow cultiva tors will efficiently cover as much ground as four onerow machines and j lated crops the less likely is the crop by using them you have saved two i to become diseased men and two horses your overhead white the observance of these pre- is reduced in proportion to the size cautions will not guarantee a crop of machine one man can handle free from disease it will go far in many farmers saved labor last fall that direction from disease if possible choose a seedbed soil not previous ly used for growing tomatoes or re lated crops or better still a soil sterilized with steam or formalin spray plants in the seedbed and in the field with a good fungicide such as bordeaux mixture apply thor oughly about every ten days for spraying in the seedbed use the 3-4- 50 bordeaux formula increasing the strength to 4430 or 5550 fojr field spraying the stronger field con centration is preferable only in con trolling early blight or rast spray ing in the field may not be necessary during periods of drought keep in check the various insects at work on the plants this may be done by adding to every fifty gallons i of bordeaux mixture a half pint of black leaf 40 and one pound of zinc arsenite or lead arsenate if spraying is not practiced dust the plants with a mixture of tobacco dust zinc arsenite or lead arsenate and flowers of sulphur where plants are likely to suffer by drought some means for irrigat ing should be provided if this is impracticable plant and cultivate in the best way to conserve soil mois ture nitrate of soda is preferable to other forms of nitrogen ammonia for fertilizing tomatoes avoid a heavy application of stable manure do not use potassium chloride nor manure or compost containing old to mato vines keep the field in a sanitary condi tion examine it regularly and re move all rotted fruit and sickly plants and destroy them by burning or burying if buried they should be covered with a disinfectant such as lime practice crop rotation five rules for shearing sheep use handdriven clippers the old- style shears are slow and it is hard to learn to use them properly driven clippers are cheap and any one own ing sheep can well afford to buy such a machine often several farmers combine to buy a machine choose a warm sunny day for the shearing drive the sheep into a small enclosure adjoining the shear ing floor where they can be caught easily have the shearing floor clean remove each animal to it as soon as caught commence shearing at the head and shear back hold the clipper bar close to the body so that there will be no double cuts in the wool sheep should be held firmly for they will tear the fleece apart if they are al lowed to struggle when patly shorn after each fleece has been removed take off all manure tags and wet wool and sack these separately tie the fleece into a neat bundle with the flesh or inner side out use paper twine for tying binder twine should never be used for strands of it will get into the wool and can not be re moved they will not take dye and will therefore cause a severe cut in the price of wool the tied fleece should be tramped firmly into regulation wool sacks these are large and hard to handle but buyers prefer wool packed in them o by john b hxxber ammd ssejaassi s for pig feeding nothing combines with corn to give more satisfactory results than skimmilk this com bination makes a palatable ration re sulting in a heavier consumption of feed and more rapid gains than from any other ration all of the cereal grains such as wheat rye barley and particularly corn are low in pro tein and give better results when fed with some nitrogenous feed such as skimmilk when used a a supplement to corn and other cereal grains nine pounds of skimmilk is equivalent to one pound of tankage 37 pounds is equi valent to one pound of middlings 93 pounds equals one pound of oilmeal 107 pounds equals one pound of soy beanmeal when tankage is worth 2 a hun dred skimmilk is worth twentytwo cents a hundred when tankage is worth 4 a hundred skimmilk is worth fortyfour cents a hundred when middlings arc worth 1 a hun dred skimmilk is worth twenty- seven cents a hundred when oilmeal is worth 2 a hundred skimmilk ds worth twentyone cents a hundred when soybeanmeal is worth 2 a hundred skimmilk is worth nineteen cents a hundred when cereal grains are worth 1 a hundred pounds skimmilk is worth twentyeight cents a hundred pounds 3 l23h3h3 dr huber will ansver all signed letterypertaining to health if your question is of general interest it will be answered through these columns if not it will be answered personally if stamped addressed envelope is en closed dr huber will not prescribe for individual cases or make diagnosis address dr john b huber md care of wilson publishing co 73 adelaide st west toronto eczema i am asked to write about eczema or salt rheum or scald or tetter this is a skin inflammation in which there is redness discharge or matter weeping or scaling crusting thick ening and swelling of the skin and always itching perhaps slight but generally intense a skin trouble that does not itch is not eczema ec- ema is not catching and when com pletely healed it leaves no scar ex cept when the scratching has been so severe with dirty nails perhaps as to en 3 a break or ulcer n the true ckin all kinds of eruptions ap pear in eczema just redness and heat burning tingling and irritation 4 otner skin troubles that may be mistaken for eczema are varicose veins wear tmamoaeuatlo haced sloclir sasitaey as they may bo vnhed or boiled a3justa221e laced like a lerrvinj always fits cckrcnitiujii made to mcaure item and dur able cooi contains no itubbcr 1500000 sold ec03cj4icai cost j3c0 each or two for the tame limb 650 postpaid write for catalogue and selfmeasurement ulank corliss tlnb specialty co 614 now 31rse 3144 montreal q often tomatoes follow tomatoes or re- how weeds arc spread in his struggle against weeds a farmer is more likely to be success ful in his efforts if he understands the less clearly how weeds gain an entrance most farmers would say ofthand that a foal grows a little faster if the marc and the foal run in the pas ture all summer in practice how ever it is found that the foals of work marca often outgrow those of the idle mares the work mares foal is given better care and that lis pro bably the secret as tile foal that runs out all the time is apt to be neglected it usually gets no grain until about weaning time or afterward and it is exposed to the daily torment of bloodsucking flies on the other hand the work mares foal is generally shut up in a partial ly darkened box stall by day so as to be handy for suckling the maro at noon and for the further reason of keeping it from trying to break through barbedwiro fences in trying to reach the mare tho dark stall keeps the flies away at night the marc and foal are turn- j ed together in the pasture where tho youngster runs and plays and thus gets the necessary oxercise the work mares foal is also handy at the barn threo times a day when the other i horses are fed and at naturally comes in for its share of oats doubtless the idle mare supplies her foal with the greater flow of mill- but tho practical outcome is that her foal frequently does not grow so fast as the theoretically ioss favored work marcs foal let us work tho mares and feed i the foals it is not natures way but wo arc not doing things according to the undisturbed natural procedure when we farm highpriced land tothe qreafft wanted jwe are in the market for cream all through the year we pay che blithest jmarket price in business slnco 1305 drop ua a line for particulars mutual dairy creamery co 3745 king st west toronto limit of production we keep horses for the work they do we know the horses that do tho farm work can also reproduce and thus replace themselves and supply a surplus of horsepower for sale if one farmer manages it successfully so can an other we will eventually weed out the marcs and the families of mares that prove to be shy breeders when sub jected to the constant and strenuous exercise which farm work imposes we will discard one by one the mares which habitually lose their foals be cause of hard work during preg nancy farmers will gradually learn of tho limitations of safety in working infoal mares but tho absolute economy in working brood marc3 and tho profit from breeding work marcs will certainly bring the horse- breeding business in canada to this practical and satisfactory basis and selection will eliminate the marcs that do not fit tho system do not let ewes and lambs run on old pastures so full of parasites which will prove destructive to young lambs v the cheerful chemub my rea1 self must be or arelesa imp when 1 looked in the fkjs cvnd sfcw youtk fled itluclhed prom my eyes rrvcliciousl icl rvojte to be old like you it sjd on to the farm in the first instance and how those already there spread from one part of the farm to an other weeds may gain entrance to the farm or be dispersed over a wid er area in one of the following ways as impurities in the seed sown most samples of agricultural seeds contain weed seeds in greater or less amount which are sown with the use ful seeds and- thus the weeds may quite unknown to the farmer gain an entrance on to hi3 land the seed sown should be absolutely free from weeds of all kinds a condition of things which is seldom realized by the agency of threshing ma chines the threshing machine should be thoroughly cleaned before it is allowed to begin operations on tho farm in stable manure and feeding stuffs hay and feeding stuffs often contain weed seeds some of- which are liable to find their way into the manure heap and eventually on to tho land some seeds can pass through the bodies of animals and afterwards germinate by the action of tho wind many seeds such as those of dandelion and thistle are furnished with a tuft of hairs which enables them to float in the air for longdistances in other cases tho seeds or even tho whole plant may be blown over the frozen surface of the snow by the agency of animals the seeds or those parts of plants which contain the seeds as in the case of blue burr and burdock are provided with hooks by means of which they become attached to the wool of sheep or the clothing of workers on the farm and in this way may be carried into fields where formerly they did not exist by cultivation in some plants especially those with creeping under ground stems such as quack grass the broken pieces may be carried all over the field by farm implements and thus dispersed over a much wider area than the parent plants origin ally occupied boars should be kept thrifty dur ing the summer but should not be allowed to fatten i what would you think of a man who refused to join the local cow- or blisters papies pinhead sized or pustules pus blisters or large areas of inflamed skin the trouble may appear in any part of the body but more especially in the skin folds the armpits or the bend of the elbow in front or of the back of the knee or the creases in the neck the papu lar form appears mostly on the trunk the pustular mostly on the head face and neck of the poorly or improperly nourished infants aduits and elder ly people are more prone to red ec zema where there is extensive crusting generally in the legs which crust when it comes off expos es a most painful raw oozing red surface then there is fissured ec zema craelcs resulting at the knuckle points the mouth corners and the finger tips this is frequent among those whose business requires them to be in intense- artificial heat or to have their hands constantly in water and from using strong soaps and lye in most cases there is a predispo sition which makes the skin very susceptible to the action of external irritants such as heat or cold exces sive use of water strong soaps dyes or chemicals or there is a favoring condition of the constitution such as poor or injudicious nutrition digestive or nervous disturbances exhaustion or a tendency to gout or rheumatism we cannot say that eczema is here- j ivtary but the children of eczem- atous parents certainly come easily by attacks cf this disease there aa hundreds of skin diseas es of which the two most frequent are eczema and syphilis eczema in variably itches syphilis almost never i an ounce of assistance is worth a pound of advice eczema pelas the shingles the hives psorfj asis ringworm barbers itch scabies and favus a scalp troublo that shows powdery canarycolored cup- shaped crosts and a mouselike smell further information on this subject will be mailed on request ac companied with a stamped and self- directed envelope questions and answers question how long can an opera tion be avoided after the discovery of appendicitis answer it is best not to avoid operation in some cases that has got to be done during the acute at tack where in the judgment of the family physician operation is post poned it had better be done between attacks a diseased appendix is just like so much dynamite ready to ex plode on the slightest provocation and sometimes with fatal results ill swat the fly of bulging eye from early morn till late at night ill boldly bat the robber rat and hold the work a great delight the hunnish mouse and chicken louse shall know the force of angered might the taterbug and melon thug ill rush to kingdomcome on sight the cabbage pest and all the rest ill kill with club or paison blight and now i trow this solemn vow will busy me from morn till night if you ever give your boy or girl a pig or calf you should see that they get the money for it when it is sold if not their sense of justice is liable to be greatly stirred and what might have been an inducement to hold them to the farm becomes a club to drive them from it fencejumping cows are often the result of poor pasture look after the pasture instead of the cows eaeathoh bsahd heady roofing asphalt slate shing les wall board building tapers roof paints etc write for prices and samples save money by buying direct mcderfvhb br0s feilisrs fctted highest prices paid for best jjrade new jjoose duck chicken and turkuy feathers geo h hees son co ltd 276 davenport road toronto el invest your money in an i npemen ask your lumber dealer eor plans and prices unquestionably the best tires made for speed safety and thoroughly satisfactory service be sure to ride on dominion tires the extra mileage makes themthe best and cheapest to buy sold by the leading dealers nryiufl wrh 100 pure paint the paint for wear and weather senoursfjoorpaint the old rclicblc it wears and wears and wears neutone the gonitsry wafhabla pint oil inint lot interior uccoraions voodlac states improve tho new renev the old marblcite tho ono perfect floor firmh will not ranr or ccrntcli vhitc under hardest rr ear varnolsuni brsntifies and preserves 0iclotliandliiacura testing association because it would make it impossible for him o sell his poor cows to his neighbors wae 3ur3crtv protection for your home no free trade with decay everything with a surface needs surface protection nol only the outside of your home but every part of the inside the floors walls furniture woodwork and meta parts to paint means protection and pre- servaiion and money saved on repairs for wear and decay always start at the surface to leave a surface unprotected by paint or varnish means free trade with decay and vaste limited gpjeenshields avenue ag