The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

by agronomist this department for the use of our farm readers who want the n expert on any question regarding soil seed crops etc if your question of sufficient general interest it will be answered through this column tamped and addressed envelope is enclosed with your letter a complete answer will be mailed to you address agronomist care of wilson publishing vo ltd 73 adelaide st w toronto mhirr iii calves are weaned they should be fed whole iniik uatil thty are one j month old when they should be chang- motherwisdom ed to skim milk they should be there can be no successful dairy- fed j untu thev are six ing which does not rest upon an ap- mont old while they are on milk preciation of the fact that a cow is t5ev snc be given some grain and first of all a mother a cows ability to bring forth strong and vigorous offspring and to provide abundantly for the nourishment of such is the corner stone of the dairy business alfalfa hay a good mixture for grain feed is some of the reasons why our children ought to play growing beans and parsnips nothing is to be gained by planting the bush beans outdoors too early as they are very tender and one light frost may either kill or retard them more than v week or mores later planting of course if you are equip ped to cover or otherwise protect them and are sure to attend to it you can get an earlier crop by taking some risk but in any case it will not be wise to plant until the ground is warm and the weather somewhat settled as beans planted in cold or soggy soil are likely to rot in the ground the various varieties beans naturally divide themselves in the following classes the dwarf green and yellowpodded the dwarf shell beans which are matured and beans shelled out for winter use the tall or pole green and yellow podded and the tall shell beans for winter few persons grow any of the shell beans in small home gardens and we will not further consider them here for beans the soil should be rich and mellow to get them tender at picking time they should have quick and continuous growth and this is best assured when they are planted iir-a- warm rich porous soil well- drained and given plenty of water- wellrotted manure dug into the trench is best and the soil should be made fine with the shovel when dig ging and finished with the rake beans are planted in two general ways in hills and in furrows or drills cleaner cultivation can be given by the hill system but more can be grown in the same space of garden by the drill plan by the hill system you can hoe all around them but when planted in drills if you have many weeds it will require handweeding along the rows where the hoe cannot reach as some beans for different rea sons do not germinate it will pay to plant them rather thickly and thin out in the drills to four inches apart make the drills as far apart as may be convenient if to be worked en tirely with the hoe eighteen inches apart will do if to be worked with the wheel cultivator make them two feet apart between the drills when using the hill system of planting drop four to six beans to a hill making the hills a foot apart when fully up thin out to three or four to a hill beans require frequent cultivation always drawing the soil up around the plants if the wheel cultivator is used it will be well to go over them with the hoe to get the soil well up to the plants work them when the crust forms after rains and at all times when necessary to keep down the weeds parsnip a valuable food as a solid dinner vegetable the parsnip is welcomed on the tables of the rich and poor alike boiled with meat it makes a whole meal and it is just as much relished when cook ed in any of tho many ways in which it can be served it is the sugar content which makes the parsnip so valuable as a food it is heavy with sugar and it is to get into it so much of this valuable quality that we give it the very best soil and cultivation a great deal of the value of the parsnip also lies in its good keeping qualities it may be taken up in the fall and stored in pits or cool cellars in sand or it can be allowed to re main in the open ground overwinter which will improve its flavor and make a good vegetable for use in the early spring when such are scarce as they arc an allseason vege table they can be planted eighteen inches apart and the space between intercropped with radishes lettuce and other smaller veetablges best results will be obtained by dig ging into the soil as much wellrotted manure as it will take using it in the trench in preference to spreading it on top as is the case with all largegrowing root rops the soil should be made porous and mellow so that the roots can grow and expand easily parsnip seed is of rather easy ger mination on which account it should not be covered more than a half inch with fine soil a gentle wetting down of the drills will pack the soil and the seeds togeyier sufficiently that compacting with the foot will not be necessary requires much water when the young plants arc two inches high they should be thinned out to three inches apart early smallgrowing parsnips which are pulled out for bunching can be left stand at three inches apart but if you plant the long winter varieties they should bo thinned out to six inches apart as their foliage is very heavy and will crowd even at that distance the largest varieties had better be thinned out to eight inches parsnips like all root crops con taining large quantities of sugar re quire a great amount of water and it should bo given them regularly but be sure that the ground they are growing in is well drained so that it does not get boggy by helen johnson keyes have you ever noticed how hard at j that was slow hesitating undecided work children seem to be when they not often i thhk for play is born of four parts of corn chop one part of are playing they do not act in the thoughts that are winged and which oil meal and two parts of wheat bran way men and women do who are being j transform themselves instantly into afr taking the calf off the milk in- amused at a concert or a social acts from the infantile game of puss there are those who call the cow a crease the grain gradually to two the play of children and the recrea- j in the corner right through high- machine who figure painstakingly the j pounds a day in addition to silage tion of grownups are absolutely dif- j school sports a good judgment put in- amount of foodstuffs she should have and alfalfa hay ferent the one from the other they to swift execution is what wins is to produce her utmost and who go j the heifers should be bred so as to are not entered into from the same it not so in life also j about their business upon the basis calve when from twentyfour to thirty motives or followed in the same spirit 3 f he power to cou conse- that as in the case of other ma- months of age depending upon the a fownup seeks a good time for the quenccs probably too often for the chines production is simply a matter breed and growth of the animal if sake of recovering from the fatigue moral growth of our children do we bred so as to calve earlier than this of work and of forgetting worries a mothers protect them from the re- their growth is apt to be injured j child is not conscious of any motives suits of their deeds often it is even fr j for his play is instinctive but the i necessary to their survival or health donald smith of red deer receiv- purpose of nature in making him play that we should but in play they ed for some fine beef cows what is is to educate him j must meet squarely the consequences reported to be the highest price ever this difference is so important and of what they do the lesson is some times painfulr sometimes joyful of how much raw material can be turned in a given time into finished product it is of course unjust to the cow to call her a machine machines do not possess nerves whereas a cow has an intricate system of them and paid for this class of beef in western fundamental that every mother ought the relation between this system ardfcanada 945 per hundred j to realize it and have it constantly in i mind a child educates himself bacon contains about 7 per cent through his play a man named bone dressed beef 20 mutton 20 and groos who has studied this matter veal 25 that is one reason why very deeply believes that one rea- bacon is so much desired for ship- son why the period of childhood is so the milk pail is so intimate that any condition which affects the cows nerv ous system reacts at once upon the milkproducing system an undue disturbance of normal tranquil con ditions diverts the blood supply from the milk glands and the cow either holds up her milk or gives a lessen ed quantity it is not without rea son that swiss peasants sing or yodel softly to their cows at milking time ment to europe under present condi- j much longer in human beings than it tions of shipping is in animals who attain almost at i once about as much intelligence as like produces like and to get good they ever have is in order that they crops without planting good seed is s have a long educational course next to impossible good health question box by andrew f currier m d dr currier will answer all signed letters pertaining to health of play to prepare them for the very great difficulties of adult human life wc parents must realize then that if we do not give our youngsters op portunities to play we are making but it is always plain and un disguised you did that there fore you get this must not the realization of this truth educate young people away from those happy- golucky careless deeds violations of natural and moral laws which usual ly bring with them a trail of ill health failure and misery 4 courage very young children whimper over the bumps they get in play quarrel over their bad luck in games and brag of their successes by the time the fourth or fifth grade is reached however no more of that cowardly or boastful manner is toler- if your question is of general interest it will be answered through these columns if not it will be answered personally if stamped addressed envelope is en closed dr currier will not prescribe for individual cases or make diagnoses address dr andrew f currier care of wilson publishing co 73 adelaide st west toronto cripples of them sending themout atod the youngsters have learned into manhood and womanhood lame through playing to take the bumps blind and deaf as it were unable to and blows in silence and to abide by march in the ranks of success unable i the laws of the game jjnd the decisions to see life and people as they truly of the umpire blood pressure blood pressure is an important sub ject insurance companies lay stress upon it and doctors who keep abreast of the progress of the times find it necessary to be skillful in determin ing it it means the degree of force which the blood current in the arteries ex erts against their wall under the in fluence of the contractile force of the heart muscle it is measured by the height of a column of mercury in a capillary tube it should be remembered that the heart is a pump and the arteries a series of elastic tubes proceeding from a grest trunk vessel attached to tho heart and dividing and subdividing until every portion of the body has been traversed by them any artery can be used to deter mine the blood pressure if the system is in good working order but one of moderate size is more convenient than are or to understand the demands which the world makes upon us what are some of the lessons valu- like those of the brain we have the j able in after life which play teaches j did you ever see success come to a condition known as apoplexy which to children 1 grownup sorehead i never have they began in the days of their lit tle childhood as soreheads but play has made them honorable sportsmen is almost always frequently fatal serious and very 1 justice when tots begin to play the spirit which wins in life is the together each one seeks to grab for spirit of sportemanship courage to all this shows the necessity of keep- himself the most attractive toys ing track of the arteries for when they become unusually hard or un usually soft the condition becomes one which is dangerous it is therefore easy to see how desirable it is to determine the blood- pressure from time to time and find i tered out the condition of the arterial wall power gradually however the necessity of sharing is impressed upon the little brains by and by the age of games comes and then this lesson is repeat ed finally those great sports base ball football basketball are en- into which teach with a which no sermon can ever one form of instrument measures attain the lesson of fair play and co this pressure as i have already stat- operative action what an example ed by the height to which a column i there is in the incident of the tennis of mercury is raised in a capillary player who had an opportunity to win tube and another by the registry of anj the national championship by a fluke indicator upon a circular dial plate as his opponent made but who instead the result of pressure upon a spring intentionally made the samo fluke but these springs vary in their re- himself on the next ball so as to win sisting power and the column of mercury is therefore more accurate and reliable a certain number on the scale of moueraie size is more cuuveiuein uiaiv i j one which is very large or very small mm sgm m international lesson march 10 lesson x jesus restoring life and health mark 5 2123 3543 golden text matt 8 17 verse 21 wc do not know where ha landed probably at capernaum which lay in a northwesterly direc tion from the country of the gera- senes about an eightmile sail a great multitude was gathered unto him we read between the lines that his recent mighty works in caper naum and vicinity had immensely aug mented his fame so that immediately upon his landing the crowd of suffer ers surged about him in increasing numbers 22 one of the rulers of the syna gogue jairus the synagogue or local church of the jews was found in every town its services were very simple a ruler was one of the chief men having direction of its affairs in capernaum was a notable synagogue built we infer by a large- minded roman centurion on the pre sent site of capernaum there might have beln seen a few years ago the ruins of a synagogue huge marble blocks sculptured and bearing jewish emblems while the jewish leader might have hesitated to indorse the great teacher the possibility of help for his sick daughter impelled him as a last resort to appeal to jesus this case is one so clearly fixed in the mind of tho writer that his very name jairus is given falleth at his feet the oriental attitude of the sup pliant 23 beseecheth him much a word implying the most urgent entreaty for the life of his child the expression at the point of death is to be read literally has finally that is has come to the last of life and is just on tho verge of slipping away lay thy hands on her luke omits this but matthew gives it the laying on of hands in case of healing is men tioned several times in mark also in acts verso 24 tells how jesus compas sionate heart responded to the trou bled heart of the appealing father it is also desirable to choose an artery near the surface which can easily be got at tho arteries of the body are sub ject to disease like any other tissue or organ ancr such disease is often an important symptom of- disease else where changes in the structure of the art- pressure as the ventricle of the heart contracts and sends out the column of blood into the arteries vthls is the maximum and is ob tained when the pressure of the di lated rubber bag which is a part of the instrument over the artery at the elbow which is chosen for the meas urement obliterates the flow of the eries may take place at any time but 1 bio current within it verses 25 to 34 relate the episode of the healing of the afflicted woman who touched the hem of the saviours garment 35 thy daughter is dead why troublest thou the teacher any furth er the announcement was seeming ly an unfeeling breaking of the sad news to the father and is simply the conclusion of the people that it was no use to take the masters time for a case already beyond earthly skill jesus notheedint the word literal ly overhearing the word which was j not addressed to him but to the fath er 36 fear not only believe jesus paid no attention to the interruption but did notice the effect of the an nouncement upon the father whom he now seeks to comfort 37 suffered no man to follow save peter and james and john the trio of disciples most responsive to him and nearest his heart 38 a tumult and many weeping and wailing a true picture of oriental grief which grows more in- 1 tense at the time of the funeral when hired mourners rend the air with their ululations j 30 the child is not dead but sleepeth this is the only account of the raising of the dead given by all of j the synoptic gospels matthew mark and luke 40 they laughed him to scorn there are certain changes which ord inarily occur in them after middle life and in old age which are character istic so that we are accustomed to say that a person is as old as his arteries hardening or arteriosclerosis is a change which occurs naturally in the arteries during old age this means that the connective tis sue which holds together the cells composing the arterial wall is in creased making them more or less rigid and inelastic instead of resili ent as they are in early life sometimes during old age the art eries absorb salts of lime from the blood and may become brittle like pipestems and they are apt to snap if subjected to unusual strain or pressure they may also be softened by a pro cess which is known as atheroma and this also makes them very susceptible to rupture or breaking if rupture should occur in arteries the minimum is indicated on the register when the pressure of the rub ber bag is released and the current again flows within it as indicated by the return of the pulse at the wrist the differential between the maxi mum and the minimum is known as the pulse pressure questions and answers o a l kindly tell me whether the use of sodium phosphates calcium chlorjde and compound syrup of the phosphates will lead to kidney dis ease particularly to 3toin in the kidney answer i do not think that tho disease you refer to can result from the use of the medicines you men tion but do you think it desirable to take such a quantity of medicines of course i do not know whether you are taking it under the advice of a physician or not but if you were under my cave i should not think it advisable to dose you with so many medicines if win he could by his own skill and not on his opponents misfortune would you not trust that mans fair play in any business deal no very young boy i think would be equal to such a sacrifice but through play and only thus he will acquire that desire to give every man his due and of winning fairly and squarely in all the relations of life or not at all 2 the power to decide wisely and act quickly did you ever see play get hurt if necessary for a good cause to lose cheerfully and- to win without bragging the child who does not play may learn this lesson too late to take his place honorably when he plays in the great game of life the country offers every iopportun- j ity for play and sport but farming is a difficult and anxious business and too often those who are engaged in it laboring ceaselessly for those im mediate results on which their living depends forget the educational value of free play and team sports to chil dren giving them longer and harder labor than their ages justify the result is that these jacks and jills although they may be very capable machines are a little slow to under stand the larger and more complicat ed demands which life makes upon us all those moral and social demands i mean which are becoming more and more exacting as community life ad vances to greater and greater perfec tion on our farms play will teach teamwork the great principle of our new rural life kb uiw-gain- fertilizer those who were mourning quickly turned to derision upon his command j for silence put them all forth he would have no curious and unsymj pathetic hired mourners at such a sacred moment taketh the father i of the childand her mother and them j that weifi with him we may well conjecture the intense and pathetic moment as the little company stood i about tho bier of the little girl j 41 talitha cumi the aramaic words in the language spoken byi jesus this is ono of the few places where i- given the very language used by jesus the phrase means damsel arise 42 straightway the damsel rose up and walked the single word arise was enough for she was twelve years old this is an cxplana- tion of her walking they were amazed with a great amazement this is a sovt of climax to jesus mighty works by the lakeside j 43 charged them that no man should know this for the reason that i it would stir up the populace to such a pitch that it would kindle mistaken and premature expectations which would not help his work but would greatly impede it commanded that something should be given her to cat thii shows jesus consideration at tention to details the childs im- cut out and fold on dotted lines mediate need was not overlooked willie longed for papas hat despite his tender years but when he put it on alas it covered up his ears the feed a colt gets the first eigh teen months and especially the first winter determines to a great extent the size of the colt at maturity the size of a horse determines its value very largely good breeding gives wonderful possibilities but it takes feeding if these possibilities are to be fully realized the bestbred colt will be no better than a scrub if it is fed upon a starvation ration a draft colt makes one half of its development by the time it is one year old hence the importance of a good start the colt should be taught to eat grain before it is weaned and after being weaned should be allowed a liberal ration of alfalfa or clover hay with other available roughage such as corn fodder kafii- butts cane hay and straw the colt should be fed sufficient grain to keep it in good growing and thrifty condition if the colt is fed properly one should never be able to see its ribs a ration of from six to eight pounds a day should be fed for each 1000 pounds of live weight oats is an excellent feed but at the present price is so high it is not practical a good substitute is corn 70 per cent bran 20 per cent and oil meal 5 per cent by weight colts should have access to a pasture or a large lot so as to have plenty of exercise a collar should be fitted to the horse and not the horse to the col lar the collar that is too large should not be used on a horso in the hope that he will grow large enough so it will eventually fit a collar that fits well in the spring may not fit at all in the fall when one is fitting a horse with a collar the animal should be standing in a natural posltiot on level ground with his head held at the height main tained while at work the collar when buckled should fit snugly to the side of the neck and its face should follow closely and be in even contact with the surface of the shoulders from the top of the withers to the region of his ihroat at the throat there should be enough room for a mans hand to be inserted inside the collar the style of horso collars arc creat- ed mostly by the use of different kinds lng of materials in their construction such materials as heavy duck ticking and leather arc used either alone or in various combinations allmetal collars may also be bought but arc not so much used more pigs are ruined at weaning time than at any other stage of their existence they should have ac cess to corn and other grain when they arc with their mother so that they will know how to eat and will not nfiss the milk skim milk or buttermilk is desirable feed for pigs at weaning time the milk should be fed in the same condi tion at all times either sweet or sour otherwise the digestive system will be impaired usually the pigs arc large and thrifty enough to wean at the age of six to eight weeks they should have access to green forage such as alfalfa rape clover or sorghum at all times the feeding trough should always be kept clean care should be taken that the pigs arc not overfed overfeeding causes feverish conditions and will stunt the growth of the pigs machinery for beanraising beans may be expected to do well on any welldrained soil but they seem to prefer a sandy or gravelly loam of fair fertility too rich a soil will favor the growth of too much vine and the beans will not ripen uniformly the seed is usually planted with a grain drill but when the crop is to be grown in hills it is best to use a corn planter equipped with a bean plate a shovel cultivator is needed for tho three or four cultivations the crop re quires for harvesting there arc sev eral kinds of machinery of which a special bean harvester is best though a mower equipped with a bunching at tachment may also be used the only satisfactory method of threshing bean crops of considerable size is a bean thresher which may also be used for peas they arc made in various sizes some of which may be operated with two men and a small gas engine such a thresher will thresh from about eight to twelve bushels of beans an hour depending on the amount of vines the blue of heaven is larger than the cloud elizabeth barrett brown- fertilizer pays better than evr write for bullotln ontario fertilizers limited we3t toronto canada