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pm3sssaj9w taws jj- m k shdmed bie71ey one tee h0mb3 of the ikpkbb at tbaoapie canada outcasts wearlds ont their uvea attended only by a few devoted hun a mild intereit is excited every year in the condition of the canadian lepera when parliament is called upon to vote the annual asm for the anpport of these unfortunate beings but a more popular interest is being created by the investigations of two journalists who are presenting all the facts connected with their dreary life and placing on rectrd testimony to the sacrificing labors of the gentle sisters who minister to theli bodily and spiritual needs away up between the counties of glouces ter and northumberland in the province of new brunswick is a broad bay into which a noble river empties after draining with its many branches the whole surrounding country this bay and the river with the wellwooded district through which it flews are known as the miramichi signifying in the miomao tongue happy retreat this section of the province has pissed through many strange experiences the vloiasltudes of war the devastating blaza of fire but yet it remains one of the fairest spots in pio- toretqne new brunswick here is the leprosytainted parish of traoadie upon which a terrible scourge has been laid but which permits to a few devoted nuns an opportunity of exerotalng a selfsaorlfice equal to that of father damien down by the sea stands the lazaretto of traoadie the lepers home and world where the gulf of st lawrenoe foroes its way amid sand bars and flats until it spreads cut into a peaoeful bay landlocked except on the seaward side a little arm winds round a point of land and a small creek the more seonrely quarantines the fatal spot from the rest of the world over this oreek a small wooden bridge is thrown the only connection between this tomb and the bright world beyond the surrounding region is dwelt in by the tractable peaoe ful micmaos and one of tho districts is known as the burnt churoh the frigate charged with conveying the remains of wolfe from qaebeo to england in 1759 was driven by stress of weather into miramiohi and the accidental anchorage was thought favorable for securing a fresh supply of water six- of the orew were detailed to fill the casks from the springs with which the ooaat abounds and after loading their boat they strayed off for a ramble in the forest where they were cap tured by the indians and barbarously mur dered the captain of the ship thought the deed was the work of his natnral enemies the french and determined xo be revenged he sailed up the river and poured a broad side into french fort killing all the inhab itants and afterward destroyed the settle ment at canadian point turning seaward he burned the village and church at nequan- al and the region lying around the lazaretto is known as burnt churoh to this day this is a country rich in relics and remains of the old regime and to this day the plow j tarns up the treasures of copper vessels with french and copper coiob the lazearetto is a square wooden building and is is no way a marvel of architecture but looks like a slightlybuilt wooden bar racks for temporary use instead of a struc ture designed to withstand the fierce winter winds that come in from the gulf the nuns in oharge of the hospital are of the order of of the hoapitalieres of so joseph and are a branch sent out by the hotel dieu of montreal the rest of whose earthly existence will be spent at this lonely spot- one sultry afternoon in the august of 1828 the rev mr de belleieuille a mission ary priest visiting tracadie was called upon to administer the last rites of the churoh to a woman named ursule landry who was dying of a mysterious and loathsome disease to which none conld give a name soon afterward she died and her coffin was borne to its last resting place on the shoulders of four of her countrymen it was still in august and the weather was warm one of the bearers a pojr fisherman francois saulnlers was in his shirt sleeves and the coffin weighed heavily upon his shoulder cutting through the woolen garment into the bare flesh from the edges of the rude boffin oame a poisonous discharge whioh inoculated the fresh wound of the pall bearer with the terrible poison and he died a leper the sister of ursule landry also fell a victim and the wife of a sootoh resident of newcastle named gardiner was similarly affeotedand symptoms of the disease were developed in their ohildren what the strange disease was no one knew no one had ever seen any thing like it a y6ung physician from miramiohi pro ceeded to europe to attempt to find cases similar to these perplexing ones and on a norwayfjord he came upon a shunned and isolated community a community of lepers and then he could report that his country men were afluoted with that most hideous of ail diseases leprosy on his return ho laid tho matter before the provincial author ities and a board of health was constituted for the counties of gloucester and north umberland this was in 182s but nothing was done nntll sixteen years afterward when the disease had spread to such an extent that twenty persons were affeoted there is an island in the miramiohi river by the name of sheldrake and at that time it contained one small nnocenpied honse it was pnrohased and became the first cana dian laziretto the wretched vlotims were soaghtout and conveyed in boats to the spot a man and his wife were put in charge who supplied the patients with the bear necessaries of life the misery at times became so unendurable that esoapes were frequentand onoe a woman with a few weeks old infant made her way to tho mainland but the was recaptured and sent back to the hateful hospital next year the lazatetto was burned down and then rebuilt but io was determined to ereot a quarantino statlouonthe and to romove the lepers to another part of tho province it was now 1849 and the numbf r had in creased in five yours from twenty to thirty- one a new building had been erected at tracadloa fewmiles distant and thither the sufferers wero convoyed n boats to i a oaeerleesoomfortlcssbuililng their lifelong home tho rov mr ganvrean was the cure of the parish but though he tried his utmbat he-iiwa- poworless o fv rolia them any aid without any snpervi ion the cfficlals wasted the appropria tion that was doled out monthly for the patients support and the only medical care was the occasional visit of a physician there was a young french doctor practicing on the opposite side of the bay and he pro nounced the disease curable and offered to become the resident physician to prove the truth of his view but he was powerless either to rare the disease or prevent its appearance in 1852 a patient named twigley in a fit of desperation burned the lazaretto to the ground and it being october no new build ing could be erected that year the leper were now thirtysix in number and they were driven to pass the winter in a bouse 32 by 30 feet which had been used as a place of correction for prisoners who were unable to obey the ordinary rules it con talned only two apartments and men and women were herded together in one nnoared- for mass not the slightest attention was given to any sanitary arrangements clothes were distributed only twice a year and the clean ones were pnt on over the dirty ones the small attention they got was from one another and patients are known to have lais dead fob dats in bed once when the rev mr gauvreau was summoned to adminster the saoraments to a dying girl he had to step over a dead body in the midst of the sleeping lepers and an old patient still tells that the good father found the girl in snoh a condition of filth that he took a sponge and washed her sores before giving her the last consolations of the churoh in the spring of 1853 the lazaretto was rebuilt but the old prison idea nos retained iron bars guarded the window high walla dosed in the yards and a guard was placed at the gate the country was scoured and those suspected of infeotion were driven by force to huddle with the rest once it was said that a mineral spring flowed on prince edward island of whioh if they would drink they might be healed the experi ment was allowed but it proved useless in 1880 an important change was effected when the lazaretto was transferred to the dominion government and became subject to the department of the minister of agriculture which placed in the hands of the sisters the entire administration of the money voted for the maintenance of the hoapltal the yearly grant for the lazaretto is 3000 8u0 of whioh is for the support of the nuus and 100 for the chaplain and 3640 for the physlolan who pays an oo- oassional visit of the sisters who oame from montreal only one has died in tracadie but two aoadian nans died in the discharge of their duty from consumption none of the sisters who have tended the patients and none of the priests who ministered to them have yet fallen victims to the disease but there is a case on record of a doctor who in making an antopsyof a patient became inoculated and died a leper wiitiugof the contagioutness of the disease odr tache says in his report i am aware of many instances of the dis ease appearing to be contagious in the ordin ary sense of that term i mean instances in wnich heredity cannot be invoked and in which contagion is the only cause capable to reasonably account for the propagation the typical character of leprosy the outbreak of occasional leprous ulcers tho husband was perfectly free from any leprous taint and of her greatgrandchildren only one has been the victim of the malady the father and mother ot the woman as well as her ancestors were alt free from th disease to their death but a sister inlaw with whom she was in intimate relation died of leprosy and two of her younger brothers also fell victims to the malady the sitters have observed that leproy attacks its victims under two different forms in one case the head and units swell to hair and eyebrows drop off the eyes become covered with a thick film and the skin cracks into divisions like that of an alligator tat other symtoms are those of consumptive per son the form wastes away the skin becomes shiny th sogers and toes even the hand and feet drop off and a hollow cough seta in another symptom is a silvery appearance as of quicksilver in the creases of ths palms of the hands and a contraction of the muscles between the thump and forefinger it is merely a matter of tradition how leprosy was brougnt to america one ex planation i that early in the century a ship from europe pnt into caraqaette harbor and that the laundry women washed for the sailors and became inoculated with the disease another solution is that a leper may have eicapedfrom a trinidad or norway iszuretto and scattered the seeds of leprosy as he pass ed how tha bed men kill tbe monster of the ocean its general history and what i have ascer tained in new brunswick leave no donbt in my mind about the contagiousness of the disease i firmly believe it is oemmunloable from the diseased to the healthy i do not think that proximity no matter how close nor mere tonoh oan convey the oontagion there muat be an adequate contact of some kind mediate or immediate i hold contag ion as the cause of the propagation of the disease and in so saying i dp not lose sight of the faot of occasional spontaneous production of leprosy the total nnmber of patients who have died in the lazaretto alnoe it passed nhder control of the nuns is 70 there were 20 patients when they arrived since then 81 have been admitted 41 of whom were wo men eight years aga there were 27 vic tims now there are only 18 and it would appear that the number is decreasing gradu ally so that it is not impossible thai the terrible malady may eventually be stamped out the visiting physician is dr a c smith of newcastle who pays a yearly visit and with that exoeption the sisters have full charge of the management all the lepers of canada are by no means confined to this institution there is another pariah in northern new- brunswick whioh furnishes its quota increasing each year there are also oases in nigoaao tafcusintao pokmouche caraqnette and shippegan some years ago there were cases in prince edward island where at least two patients died of the ulaeaao during this year threo cases were discovered in nova scotia and in isolated country diatrots other oases are know to exist the greater number of the lepers arofrenoh the sootoh come next and the rest are eogliah and irish there are few things more terrible than a visit by night to the la ziretto of traoadie and men are known to have fainted at the sight one goes along a gallery into a ward thirty feet long and only eight feet high containing beds benches and a stove it is used as a dormitory for some of the men and is besides dining room living room and smoking room there the patients are grouped moat of tbem deformed out of all semblance of humanity and the sepulchral cough haunts one for weeks afterward one of them is a young man named noel who was earning a comfortable livlihood in the world as a wsodman but threo great blotches like iron mold showed themselves on his legs accompanied by a terrible drowsiness he had inherited the diaeue from his grandmother though it did not make its appearance in the intervening generation one of the female patients is mrs saul nlers who has been a leper for fifty years she was born in 1813 and married rt thoege of nineteen after two ohildren wero born leprosy was noticed and threo were born after that time one of them was only fivo weeks old when the mother was forced into the old lazrretto on sheldrake island in 1s44 she appeared to bo cured and re turned home when two more children wore born but in 1830 she was obliged to go back in his roportdrtacho says that he followed the course other diseaso and obatrved a alow but atilfapparent progress of the morbid process in the appendages of the eyes pains in the bones anioithesia fixed in her mutilat ed hands and feet and undergoing change of localization in othor parti of the body with zealous for his client prosecuting attorney to witness state of where yon were born attorney for the defence rising in great excitement i jeot yr hononr 1 what is your objection this man has no positive knowledge where he was born all he knows about it is what his parents have told him hearsay testimony yr honour is not 1 think it will do no harm for the wit ness to answer the question hastily consulting with colleagues- we take exception yr honour prosecuting attorney you may answer the question now mr thompson by the way you spell thompson with a p do yon not attorney for the defence jumping up frantioally bjeot 1 the court the objection is overruled attorney for the def enceagaln consulting colleagues we take exception prosecuting attorney wiping his brow gentlemen iint it too warm in this room attorney for the dofenoemeohanically bjeot cmoago tribune a question of advantage excuse me sir said a selfimportant landlord to a man who approaohed him you have the advantage of me you mean that you do not know me yes but you misstate it as i know you it is i who have the disadvantage the landlord went into his private office to figure it out what the editor said he was tall thin and hungry looking and when he told the editor he was a poet the editor didnt say a disputatory word but he didnt get bis poetry in the paper juat the same and the man with the blue pencil and the preoccupied air made several remarks poets are born sir i he said haughtily as he rolled up his manuscript and im doggoned sorry for it said the editor dar burial of mr- shon moore- no t a drum cood been heard vonoe on aokound der feller dond vas feelin pooty goot und some foonerel notes vas there fore auagua shpiel ven ve vas dook his dead body dhem ramparts ofer dhey coodent gif a good byo shoot his grafeyard ofer vhloh vas awful pad on aokound of the ooks of der ting we pat him der hole in vhen der mow vas got up und done der best yob we cood for mister moore we dond did hafe time to said some few brayerful observations but expressed plaindy of sorrow an aokound he vas go died shlowfully and sadly we vas lay him down una shtnfied all his glory und fames in der box mit him we vas put a goot abetite on his tomb stone and left mm dhere all alone togedder by himself carl pretzel close sere enough first artist well i see the portrait painter has taken tbe first prfz3 after all twaa a close race though second artist yea won by a head new way to advortise- brown and so you got a first rate cook what paper did you advertise in fogg didnt advertise in any my wife told mrs gray we wanted a girl but made her promise not tell anybody well well we had the door bell ringing for a fortnight from morning till night no less than a hundred applications for the place a bad oase- miss luendi bursting into the doctors office dootor doctor yon muat come down to the house at once doctor why- whats the matter whos slok miss luendi lam but as there was no one to send i came myself r very skipper quick no in all my voyages i never had an aooldent yet fantaatlo you wreckless follow 1 the fur par excellence of tho year is the persian lamb i many drissess will have bands of fur round tne srirts childrens coats of- persian lamb lined with crimson or blue silk will be much worn tho coats have a deep piece ot the fur j turned np all around so that they may be let down as the child grows taller tho style of skirt known as accordeon has mot with immediate and gonoral favour they are very graceful and as the wearer moves about the tiny pleating part and close again with tho very poetry of motion theao akiits aro jaatthe thing for dancing purposes the matoriata that tako the pleats beat are china silk crepe de chine i siwash who hod kept early vigil announced tne indiana of the neah bay reservation washington territory discovered an ioi mease whale spouting in the pacific opposite and about three miles oif shore f uuwing tho cuatom of the indians saya the portland oagcnun a report of tbe fact was made to the medicineman or dreamer of tbe tribe who called a hurried council and allored a number of picked men to the different avail able canoes incantations were then held therein a certain harpoon was bleated by the dreamer and banded to the ho chmi caha or thrower with the warning not to let go from his hands except ao ordered by the dreamer fimself lest their efforts in the chase should prove abortive the harpoon on this occasion was con structed of two pieces of elk horn each about four inches long a half inch in thick ness one way and threequarters of an inch the other elaborately carved beveled at one end and tn two joined together in the shape ot a v witn a sharp piece of ateel f later xl between them at the apex to the angle of the harpoon was woven one end of a rope about threequarters of an inch in diameter and from sixty to eighty feet in length made from tbe sinews of a whale the harpoon when hurled is fastened into a slot out in the end of a yew wood shaft from an inch to an inch and a quarter in diameter and nine or ten feet in length when the harpoon enters the body of the whale the two other points whioh arc sharpened act as barbs and spread securely imbedding it self in tbe flesh with the sinew rope attach ed the shaft having dropped out from its own weight all the harpoons naed by the indians are similar in construction to the one described but only the enchanted ones are embellished or engraved the incantation ceremonies over the dreamer seated himself in the at rn cf a oa noe and the boa ehinicaha or thrower armed with tbe prophetic harpoon which mnat be the first one hurled took his posi tion in the bow of the same boat they were then run through the suri by the members of the tribe who were to accompany them olosely followed by two other canoes fully manned whlbh according to their instiuo tions kept astern of the firat but oloae at band about 5 oclock in the afternoon their game was overhauled and bis heading being carefully discerned the approach was made directly from behind it is the habit of the whale when he comes to the surface to blow to skim along the top of the water appearing thiee or fonr times in a few seconds on his last appearance he throws himself high io the air turns his tail to the olouda dives deep and remains down several minutes this habit is well known to the indiana and they can calculate to a nicety when he dives how soon and where be will again appear and when he does so the leading boat is generally not fat away in a ahort time the first boat had approached within thirty or forty feet ot the proposed game and the dreamer who upon snob occasions is anything but asleep fixed his practiced eye upon it to discover ths auspicious moment to give command for only when the animal humps its back to make the diva is it even comparatively aafo to give him the harpoon the thrower bared to the waist stood statne like with shaft and harpoon lifted high in air his ears alert for the command latah 1 or throw for well he knew if his instrument failed of its mark he would be deposed and some other appointed to hia honored position ho had killed hia eighth whale and hoped to hdld his position for the remainder of hia days presently the word came and the blessed harpoon was thrown with unerring aim and others followed in quiok succession at the same time the oarsmen backed water with all their strength to escape the gnat danger of being awrmped by the animals tail six harpjona with lines attached were success fully thrown into him and the whale goaded to madneas laahed the water into foam with his huge tall not preventing however the canoemen from binding one float line after another together and aeon the three canoes tied to the line at intervals of two or three hundred yards and drawn by the monster of the sea wero sailing through tbe water oceanward at a fearful rate the floatline is made of oedar bark twisted like factory work into a rope about an inoh and half in diameter to this line at spaces of twenty or thirty feet are attaohed airfloats made from the stomach of a common hair seal and much resembling the bladder foot ball of ye olden times all the openings of the stomach are sewed np with the exception of one and at this is ingeniously construoted a valve which opens on the inside and is kept dosed when the float ia blown up by the pressure of the air each float holds about twenty gallons of air so one can readily im agine the little chance a whale with a half- mile of floatline attached has to esoape at sundown it commenced to blow a regu lar nor wester and the sea became ao heavy that the janoes were obliged to disconnect and leave their viotim to tire himself out battling with the air floats secured to him that night the wind increased in velocity and the sea ran mountains high and on the third day two of the canoes wore discovered but the whale soon hove in sight returning from the tour of many miles he must have journeyed during the ninht tho two re maining canoes gave ohase and wereboon again attaohed to the floatline and enjoying the exoitement of traveling through the water over the swells of the ocean at a rail road rate drawn by a monster inhabitant of tbe deep the procession moved in a circle of about fifteen miles in diameter and it was well in the afternoon of monday the 31 before its leader commenced to fag however before darkness set in the monater of tho sea had succumbed to the iocvhaiiln and lay floating on the bosom of tho ni ah this time the wind had blown fiercely and nothing bad been heard from the aliasing canoe little attention however was paid to this latter fact as after separation from the others an isolated boat wonld be expected to return to shore all monday night and tho succeeding day the two remaining canoes kept tugging at their prize to land him and succeeded in getting within a fewmiiea of the shore the wind becamo so violent tuesday aftor- noon that they were forced to leave him to the fastflooding tide to boaoh and make a landing themselves before darkness rendered it extremely hazardous tooling confident however that the coming ebb tide would leave their game high and dry on tho beach within viow of the point where they moat necessarily spend the night their hopes wero fully realized for at dawn of day a mark a short distance below their camp at a reef of rocka called by the natives coph palis or leading rock about two miles northward from the month of the cbepilia river and a keen race began to see who would be the incky one to first t uch its body for he would thereby become eligiblo tor the effie of hoa coin ica ha should the present on be deposed or die after tho eyes of the whale bad been re moved by the dreamer ai the custom goes and had been cartf ally laid away for suc ceeding ceremonies fleet footed messengers were sent in every direction to notify the indians who live within a days run and the work of removing the blubber and catting up tho remains began the whale was found to be of the species known as the mack and measured 55 feet in length by 8 or 9 feet in diameter lie bad a mouth about 6 teee long whioh sremed to corroborate tbe oi neworn jonah atory the entire tktn ot the animal was abou a half inch in tbiokneaa and ith the excep tion of the throat and belly waa jet black the hroatand belly were beautifully sripvl black and white what a mexican would call a pinto the blubber was from 6 to 8 inches in tbicknesk and resembled very much he fat of a hog the tomisna estimate they will obtain from 1000 to 1500 gallons of oil from it in the evening the indians of the sur rounding country who had been reaohed by the runners aaaemhled and a oultua pot- latch waa held formerly the cuttupot- latch waa a meeting of the indians to trade ainodg th maelves but since the ad- ven of the whites it has degenerated into a drunken debauch on this occasion the oremonles opened with incantations over the eyes ot the whale after which the skin of the animal waa passed around to ho eaten by tbe gneats raw being considered by th m a rare tidbit after this tbe fhwiug bowl was brought forth and from the howling we heard above the oceans roar at a distance of half a mile we judged that the wbf waa on the hill we left the coast on the following day and up to that time nothing of the missing canoe had been heard and he indiana were convinced thai it muat have been wrecked and the aeven ocoupants must have perished turkeys bad havy a naval awkening is being forced on the sublime forte by the visit of the german emperoi the condition of the turkish fleet is so bad costly iron olads have been allowed to rust into decay ao long in tho waters of the bosphorus hat tho ottoman government would be wise not to offer any maritime display to so keen a critic so good a judge as the emperor william corrup tion and incapacity combined have made what might have been an important factor in a european war a maas of useless metal hobart pasha was a strong iron but he was not strong enough to get the dock yard men paid their wages when they were due in no part of the turkish treasury is there such gross dishonesty as in that which has to do with tho navy if 81 000000 wero put at the disposal of the government to morrow for naval purposes probably not onetenth of the sum would be really ex pended in fulfilling them inexperienced i have here an article on how to manage a wife remarked a man as he ad vanced to the editors deak you are unmarried i believe replied the editor yes why nothing i just thought so under the mistletoe bough she ooyly now you mutt only take one george he gallantly but one from one leaves nothing mabel lets make it one eaoh and tie she blushing its very tudden george but yon may ask papa prodley ried tooker prodley too muoh married i bear youve been getting mar- yes whom did yon marry t tooker milly jones her mother her stepfather and two maiden aunts harpers bazar a certain indicator fresh young manto his gouty employer beg pardon air will you kindly tell me how your legs aro feeling to day employer logs sir 1 lega what do you mean sir why these newspaper weather reports are not certain and i beard yon say your legs were a certain indicator of a coming atorm and im going out with a yonug lady tonight you see her own fault sympathetic friend how are you and miss fanny coming on conceited dude she gave me the grand bounoe she said she did not like me silly creature i when a girl dont like me she has got nobody but herielf to blame for it and laco fabrics that the whale wasstraneled at a highwater she ought to be- first broker howia that pretty type writer second broker oh shes all write i the fashionable amusement mildred who hears that her aunt ia going to tako a fencing lesson oh auntie do take me with yon id love to see you j amp over the fences i heard him once- bilks come np and hear our now minis ter today nobbs no thanks i heard him once and have always regretted it bilks why i guess you are mistaken nobbs not a bit of it he is the minis- tor who married ua a fine fellow he may be but if ho tells yon that any preparation in the world is as good as patnams painless corn extfjotor distrust the advice imitations only prove tho value of patnams painless corn extractor see signature on each bottle of poison co ot patnams get j pel -mulirupin- j-i- mtsnii- vnojj m swt iiaa visiio do ii m t l ij v