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r7aIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII YOUR SIMCOE COUNTY Historic Goldwater By BRIAN BAKER COLDWATER With what better couple could we explore historic Coldwater Road now Highway t2 from Orillia to Tol dwater than Monty and Grace Lee nee Crooks of rillin both very active members in the Simcoe County Historical SoCiety and the Orillia Historical Society This road has been described as one of the oldest in Ontario Historian Percy Robinson in his report of the Royal Socie ty in 1937 ke of it as one of the two trail which formed the land link between Lake tario via Simcoc and Lake Huron in 1787 He describes it as The Northem or Matche dash trail which ran from illia to roldwater and Woo baushene and was the original Portage de Toronto mentioned in 1686 by Jacques DenonVille who was Governor of New France 168589 preceding Frontenac OLI NAME Lake Simcoe at this time was known as Lake Toronto or Taronto Denonvilles had planned to build military post at the end of the Goldwater Portage to block the British on their way to strategic Fort Michilimackinac try saying that one fast at the northwest end of Lake Huron gateway to western Canada In strategic move the British purchased Indian lands in the area to protect her military and trading interests The road was accurately sur veyed and mapped and hence continues to be used as the chief land link between Orillia and Georgian Bay ANCIENT ROUTE According to archaeological discoveries made in the area it is believed that the Goldwater mute was used 4000 years ago and has been in constant use ever since making it one of the oldest trade and travel routes in the world No road in On tario it has been said has greater antiquity It was the main highway of the Huron Indians and was be ing used by them at the time Samuel de Champlain visited the area in 1615 Afterwards it was used by the Iroqouis and the Mississaugas and still later by the Algonkiantlbjibways Taking advantage of this im portant trade route man by the name of Yowan established trading post on Matchedash Bay in 1776 this being called The Chimneys by local residents long after buildings had vanished due the number of stone chimneys that pro jected starkly from the over grown clearing Prior to this it had been used for over century by white for traders notably French About 1832 the first European settlers mainly Scottish English and Irish began moving up the oldwatcr Route to settle the surrounding land rillias hamplaiu lnrk seemed to be the most up propriate starting point for our tour of the oldwater Road Historians irefivnerally agreed that this is about the point where Champlain landed in 1615 to continence his ISII With the Huron Indians Atop solid 45min block of granite Champlain hat held at his side scans beautiful Lake oticlnching gateway to Ilu ron To his right representing early commerce bronze Indians sit around French trader while to his left Indians crouch around Jesuit Priest Magnificent is the only word to describe this bold menu meiit WHAT IT Two plaques one In French one in English dated 16151915 reads IIrccted to cum memorate the advent into lane of the White Race under the leadership of Saniual dc Champlain the intrepid French explorer and colonizer ho with 15 companions arrived in these parts in the summer of 1615 and spent the following winter with the llldldll making his head quartets at thaiaguc the chiet Village of the lltIIOlLS which was near this place symbol of goodwill between the French and English spfilklllg people of aiiada Nearby is another historic plaque relating to the surrender of Indian Lan It reads Ry treaties made in 1798 and 1818 the Indian tribes surrendered the ancient country of the Hurons lying north and west of Lake Simcoe From this area grants were made in Fulfill ment of earlier pledges to the militia veterans and the chil dren of Loyalists and to many retired officers and discharged soldiers and seamen We found yet another historic plaque in this lovely treed park overlooking sparkling island dotted 1ichouchiching It was the Yellowhead pla que to us one of the most in teresting in the County read ing hief William Yellow head Horn about 1769 Yellowhead Musquakie serv ed with the British during the War of 1812 Named Ihief of the Deer Tribe of the Chippewa Ojibwa Indian in 1816 he settled with his band at the site of rillia in 1830 in accordance with Lt Gov sbomes plan for gather ing nomandic tribes on re serves Pressures from White settlers forced the Indians to relinquish their land and Yellowheads band moved to Ramain183839 It is believed that the Muskoka District which em braced his hunting grounds was named after this greatly re spected chief who died in 1864 and was buried in St James Anglican churchyard rillia SITE LOST 0n Coldwater Road just up from the park opposite St Pauls United Methodist we visited St James Anglican site of the original Yellowhead council house Somewhere just southwest of the church walls is the un fortunately lost grave site of Chief Yellowhead We were struck by an uneasy feeling that we could well be driving over this great mans resting place ne of the mar ble slabs on the green to native of Dumblaine Scotland was dated 1847 Within the sanctuary we read another Yellowhead plaque which noted he was head chief of the Chippewas fought for the British professed Christian and that he died aged about 100 We Visited the site of his house on Neywar street which be came the Anglican Parsonage Now we drove northwest and into the old heart of Huron country five miles to just north of North River on Highway 12 we stopped to examine luckily bypassed section of the or iginal Coldwater Portage Here at the top of the hill we located the plaque which was unveiled July 25 PRICES CORNERS Skirting Bass Lake famed for its extensive shallow sandy bathing beach we came to Prices torners where stands what is believed to be the original tavern buxlt by 11 Henry Frazer in the 1330s to serve set tlers and travellers and the passing militia Now operated is Browns FIttlfll store it is square ltilrooted twostorey brown lIISIllIJIItbld frame structure Just to the north stands St Lukes Anglican church WIIII white plaster tower and inside uniquely had pettipomted kneeling benches Just to the east of the Medonte rillia townline Murchniont stands lovely old frame and stone wa ttIptWtItd grist mill said by some to have been built for the early settlers and Indians In about um and still operated by Edward Fox of Knrminster as feed mill nother graceful Village with number of early buddings in cluding the Gloss Farm with its cxpaiisne farm house is or mmsier IILRO III iIC orth of Vaiiiiinster Mr Leigh showed us where the original trail crossed from the east side of the highway to the west side at ondor llIHt tilwtiys tending to following the ridges ind high land where egemtion tended to be less growth and ground conditions ere drier The highlight of our trip was it mm to the site of the Indian Village of Yahiaguc chief vil lage of the Hiirons where Champlain spent the winter of 161516 and found an astounding 200 longhouses housing 3000 or 4000 Hurons Each side of the bush surrounding the site clear ing sports cold gurgling creek Mrs Leigh recalled seeing former farmer wash his milk cans and pails in the creek so pure was the water Typical sumachs and ground cherries cover the now excavated site cosisting of sandy easily cultivated soil ideal for growing of corn squash and sunflowers once cultivated by the Hurons oad belived f0 000 years MONTY ANI trace Leigh of rillin wander up an original section of the old Ioldwater Only two tiny fragments of pot tery had been missed by the quarter inch screens of student excavators Most interesting discovery made by arcaeologist here was the burial of young Indian girl believed to be the chiefs daughter owing to the presence of grave goods including tiny brass cup and spoon Arrowheads hatchets and bone implements were nlso found LOG HOUSE Just before crossing fontes sion 13 the trail recrossed to the north now as farm lane and between the house and barn to the left on the hill Book gives history of racial prejudice Written fortI By DINA SUDLOW When the anadian govern ment evacuated 21 000 people of Japanese origin in British 70 lumbia in 1942 following theoiit break of war with Japan and suspended their civil liberties it was the culmination of half century of racial dis crimination Ken Adachi in his book The Enemy That Never Was has written history of the Japa nese people in Canada that is devastating revelation of racial prejudice against minority group by anadians and their government When Japanese coming to tnnadn mninly Rritish tolumbiti in the late 1800s they wanted new life in new land full of opportunity What they found was hostile population pttJlldltttl against Orientals and provincial gov crnment which was seeking whiteonly immigrat ion policy Japanese workers were thrust ID the ghettocs of West tonst towns denied on franclnscmcnt jobs and dignity Mr Adtichis book is filled lh documented examples of inti Japanese action and of pol iticiuns influmiiig in already biased populace with fears ot potential rientzil domination Through the early part it the century Japamhse immigrants withdrew into their own com munity in an attempt to retain their values customs and Inn guage but found another prob lem Their children become caught between the traditions of the old country tind the lll tlueiices of the new cousin dissent within the community itself lcanwliile prejudice contin ucd The whitconly polcy con tuned to disallmit them the tranchise As late 15435 the proyincial Liberals run this lid hcgii vertisement during federal election vote for the Liberal candi date in your riding is vote against riciital enfranchisc ment The Liberal party is opposed to givnig the Orientals thevote In 1942 the federal War Measures Act stripped the Japanese of civil liberties rc gardless of citizenship and evacuated them to internment camps away from the West oast Mr Adnchi was interned un der the act And he remembers time when midnight knock on the door presaged not Just days or weeks but years of detention without trial ruompensc or apology The Enemy That Never Was Ken Idaclii I56 pages SHAH Mctlelland and Stewart The Barrle Examiner frlday August 27 two7A Road which could well be 4000 years old Baker Photo Her mud 015 throu the Great Lakes down ofI0ug munI Whlhmi exposed the Sit4 Lawrence across the l3Chdmlm mod 10 Atlantic to England where she norm the my was sold and declared to be as house bu W9 new 1350 seaworthy as ever by Llovds Across the road Just west of the CPR tracks Mr Lei pointed out the site of singing bani where Mr Iarl ing used to sit up in the cupola tito his barn playing violin in ear days short distance west of the end of Highway 400 extension at No 12 on the south side of the bridge Mr Leigh pointed out the most probable termination of the Goldwater Portage quiet river pool with willow shaded fern covered banks We concluded our tour in historic oldwater at Artlyll ltlpletts grist mill built in Hits by the government of Upper Canada for the Indians ANCIENT MILL Ihc plaque beside the once watcrpowered mill beside the rushing splashing water of the Goldwater River reads In 1th the Indians of surround area were gathered together on reserve along the newly opened road connecting the narrows Orillia and Col dwater The superintendent Capt Thomas Cummersal An derson and band of Ojibwa under Chief Aisance settled in oldwater Landhungry settlers in fluenced the Government to move the Indians to Rama and lleausoleil Island 18339 The gristmill financed With Indian funds was budt was sold to George opeland in 1849 and has been in operation for over 125 years Mrs Leigh noted that in 1855 ship was bu1lt here at Yol dwater and filled With oak timber and sailed all the way Taken ANNUAL Member Canada Depomt source Cmpmai on VVV COMAcv Ser 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