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weathers DRAB STREETS in East Berlin virtually deserted by late evening provide sharp contrast to the bustling brightlylit avenues of the CAPITALISTS SHOWCASE Streets In Soviet Sector Sharp Contrast With West BERLIN CWKurt Mathea sends his fraternal best wishes to Canadian construction work ers The friendly East German Communist stoncmason scrib bled out message to workers in Canada white telling this re porter of the Ing life in the Sovietguided state We talked over schnapps in 2b Bukarest restaurant about as intimate as railway terminus but considered one of the best the Eastern sector has to otter While genuine Romanian gypsy orchestra played Kurt spoke of equality op portunitythe lack of oolor pro judice and the bright vistas of fered by communismr The restaurant in which we talked was drab despite the valiant efforts of the musicians it was on the western end of the Staiinaile communisms gloomy show boulevard lined by stolid Russiandesigned build mos SHARP CDNTRAST Statinallc late in the evening was virtually deserted sharp contrast to its counterpart the Kurfuerstans damm The latter is the brightlylit capitalist showcase West Berlin deep in Communist territory wellstocked shops lined with of modern glass and concrete construction it is this obvious disparity be tween the affluence of the West and the austerity of the East that has helped provoke Nikia Khrushchev into moving to get rid of what he calls the bone in the Soviet throat His ultimatum threatens to make this city haunting monument to lost war and em pire once again the flashpoint of conflict Onc Berlin was the militaris tic imperial metropolis that gave the orders governing the lives of conquered peoples from Oslo to Athens Now its bisected skeleton standing helplessly as the two big power over its futurcr GAP IN CURTAIN To Khrushchev Berlin is gapinghole in the Iron Curtain He wants to stabilize the Com munist empire along the Elbe River and block the West Ber tin escape hatch used by East German refugees Western powers are com mitted to maintaining the free dom of 2200000 West Berliners and now face the problem of deciding whether force must be used to prevent Communist ens chroachment Driving to the Kuriuersten damm from the Soviet sector is driving through decades of German history On the left is the weed covered rubble shrouding Adolf Hitlers bunker All around this blocs manoeuvre STEADY DRAIN monument to Prussian militar ism are the ruins of dozen years of Nazi rulethe gaping Reichstag shattered cathedrals and palaces Georings offices and dozens of other crumbling halls TENSE FRONTIER This is the frontier where two alien hostile philosophies clash tn the face of Eastern throats and pressures the Wcst Berlin ers display jaunty defiance and an apparently indestructA ible faith that somehow their present peril fraught political status will be brought to an end Only occasionally do they be tray any tension or feeling of fatalism They know and ac cept that there is nothing they alone can do to alter their tially depends on Russia and the future that everything essen United States Yet they live in hope not ex pectation that the changes they want will come and that Eer lin once again will be the capi tal of great and reunited Ger many Safety askedva West Ber lin engineering student little surprised that he should be questioned about it We do worry about it once in while But we know that if theres going to bc fight over us well be just as safe here as any where elsc Were like the sol dicrs during the war who at ways felt safer in the front lines than in the cities which were always being bombed BOOM IN WEST With this attitude the West Berliners are riding the boom that has come to their city During the last decade their total annual production has in creased by five times For the first time since the war there are more unfilled job vacancies than applicants The boom is powerful mag net for those living east of the bullet market Brandenburger Tor Fifty thousand East Ber linersone in 12 of the sectors wage earners now actually earn their living in the capital ist Western zone In addition to this roughly 000 men women and children make their way every week from Walter Ulbrichts German Democratic Republic to the Western sectors Marien felde refugee camps The 2500000 people the Com munistzone has lost since 1949 kept the GDRs population down to about 17000000 Half the ref ugees were younger than 25 and many were skilled tradesrneo and professional people SinceJilbrichts regime at ready suffers from labor shortage the continuous west ward low has posed the dis tinct danger that his ship of citys Western zone Police chock ears in the Eastern state may run dangerously short of crew This is the background to the coming Berlin crisis perhaps the major reason for the Com munist sense of urgency West Berliners warn of the dangers of giving in to the new SoviEt threats ll America gives in to Khrushchev on Berlin then all of Europe is lost soid Protes tant Bishop Otto Dibelius said to be the only west German capable of making Ulbricht tremble in his boots First Germany would tall to the Communists then France Africa and Asia followed by America The United States would be next Canada would hethe last but what could it do alone His warning of the global im plicatioos of defeat for the West in Berlin is echoed by many Germans Wétory in this melancholy city would give the Soviets the airtight border they want in the middle of the country For while it would mean con solidntion of the Communist po sition in Europe resulting cven lually in greater freedom for the Kremlin to further its aims in uncommitted countries IudgehReiuses Release Girl WASHINGTON AP Jus tice Hugo Black of the US Su preme Court Wednesday turned down bid to win release of Freedom Rider from Mis sissippi prison The habeas oar pus action was brought on be half of Elizabeth Porter Wycli nff 45 of New York who con tended her conviction was un constitutional and invalid Black said there was not enough evidence to show that all state legal processes had been exhausted Miss Wyciroff now confined in the Mississippi State Peniten tiary was arrested last month in Jackson Miss when she joined group of other Free dom Riders in an attempt to enter areas of bus terminal designated for white persons Convicted of breach of the peace She was sentenced to two months injail or fine of $200 She is scheduled for re lease Aug 11 US Oil interests Should Pay Costs LONDON ReutersA Cun servative member of Parliament suggested Wednesday that American oil interests should helpshoulder the cost of British military operations insupport of the sheikdom of Kuwait Gerald Nabarro asked in the House of Commons whether the multimitiionaire Sheik of Ku wait very friendly sheik who has £300000000 about OHYES rsereswcs ALWAYS $840000000 tying here in Lon don and also the 50per cent American oil interests in Ku zone at the sector demarca tion line CF Photo Air Brakes Fail Trainls Towed CHATHAM CP The air brakes on Canadian Pacific Railways Daylioer were put out of action Wednesday night when the train hit an BSpound piece of angle iron on the track near Louisville The Dnyliners oil pan was broken and both oil and air lines were cut hand brake was brought into operation but the train travelled mile be fore it could be stopped Passengers on the train in cluded William Murdoch Speaker of the Ontario legisla ture and senior railway offi cials unit was sent from Cha tham to tow the damaged Day lioer which was bound from Toronto to Windsor to siding at Arkwood Passengers were transferred there to another train Underground Tests Easy To Conceal WASHING Reuters The join atomic energy commit tee was told by scientists We nesday that it would be relativ cly easy to conduct secret nu clear underground tests under the control system tentatively accepted by the nuclear powers in the Geneva test ban negotia tions Dr Holan Herbst of the Law rence RadiationlLoboratory Li verrnore said that with present tech ones of detection there is only the wisp of chance that fairly large nu clear explosion mullied in large deep cavern could be de tected beyond 600 miles His testimony prompted the chairman Representative Chet Holifield Democrat of Califor nia to comment that the Gen eva test ban agreements were basedron dangerous formula that leaves tho United States leaning on broken crutch if it is important to know whether an enemy is testing Dr Herbst said the possi liv ties of both muffling and detec tion would be thoroughly ex plored in future tests if the gov ernment that tests should be resumed Charges Hijacker With Kidnapping MIAMI Fla APiThe FBI filed kid ping and other charges here Wednesday against Wilfredo Roman Oquendb 36 yearold Cubanborn waiter in connection with Mondays hi jacking of an Eastern Air Lines plane than apparently forced the pilot of the plane which was oi domestic flight torfiy to Ha vana Theman in question ap parently remained in Cuba when the passegers and crew of the propel et Electra were given permi ion to return to the United States Tuesday The FBI office here said in vestigation showed that con endo naturalized American citizenwas aboard the plane under the name of Marin NewlyTanned Peace Corps Has No Place MONTREAL fCPCanadal newlyvformed peace corps is no place for starryveyed idealists says Dr John Conway history professor at the Univer city of British Columbia Dr Conway is UBC committee member for the Canadian Uni versity Service Overseas CUSO nongovernmental group patterned after President Kennedy United States Peace Corps nnd designed to help developed countries through the trained services of young Canadian volunteers In an interview Dr Conway said the peace corps volunteer needed quality of sacrifice for lifetime idenlical with that of missionary on the ecclesi astical scene He must be well tralncd and prepared to con tribute his abilitynot for year or twobut until the lab is done The clash between idealism and reality was being resolved Dr Conway sold by CUSOs national executive committee recently formed in Montreal The committee plans to estab For Idealists lish universiw based local centres for recruiting student volunteers and to negotiate with foreign governments and agencies who want their help Canadas peace corps unlbre its 15 counterpart at pruent gets no financial help from the government Dr Conway said this was an advantage in that it meant CUSO could not be accused of being Canadian spying mission but disadvantage in that the corps need of financial resources was grcgt CHARGE EXTERMINATIDN LEOPDLDVILLE AHBarr tist missionaries doing relief work here among refugees from Angola have drawn up report charging Portugal with attempt mg to exterminate ail educated Negroes in that rebelliontorn territory The report copy of which has gone to the interna tional Red Cross says large areas at Angola immediately south of the Congolese border have been depopuloted Horror 913111sz Have we said we were pionmn surprise your mother gt Football Star Ron Stewart says MOISOns Canadian is mybeer His beer for fliends after the game or at barbecue Your beer anytime Molsoios Canadian isar Canadianis beerbrewed to suit their um MRI human FRIDAY my anythm that sounded in mi like party for TAKES ANAFIIVE PAler SPORTSHES IN TRAINING NOW Fore THE FALL new NEETr Canadian taste The clearest wait should help pay for the lager ever operations SUMMER soTiEriéhihmiiiytit VACATIONS wait oil fields Defence ister Harold Wat Stan at Fwballmr kinson said the cost of the op RanSIewartwasnamed ALLANIIALE eration the end at July would be about £1000000 $230000 rm Canadian player and judged most valuable lid 000 Watkinson said he noted what had been said Grey Cupphzyerduring his 1950 season as halfback Where you will find all your drug needs with Ottawa Rnughiider Presentations CQME ownersth SgtiflLIEeieoNe UPAeuiusr saw Boys IN THIS YEARS RACES rm nxrnnr norm worn lllEthil moron nun HCERYSLEH noose smcn 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