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10 THE BARBIE EXAMINER MONDAY MAY 17 195i CORRECT NAILING rECHNIQUE Almost every home has its amateur carpenter who shoulders the responsibility for making em ergency repairs and for the gen eral maintenance of the house These enterprising individuals us ually rely to great extent on the use of hammer and nails for many of their repairs jobs But despite frequent practice they are not always too proficient when it contesto this phase of the carpen ters trade This article the first of two concerned with nails and nailing in general contains facts and few tips aimed at giving the amateur canpenter more professional touch with the hammer The nailthe proper one for the jobis an important factor in good nailing pnactice While there are hundreds of varieties thg home mechanic will be mainly concern ed with only few The types must generally used are common finishing and cut nails Common nails are one form of wire nail machine snipped from round steel wire and given dia mond shape point and flat head They are usually used for framing and other rough carpentry to be For Sole Dependable Electrical Work call WALme Eucnncn comments Residential and Industrial Wiring Repair work Lighting Fixtures AUTHORIZED IN OIL BURNERS SALES SERVICE error 3230 Shop 54 Sophia St Res 14 Perry Sf concealed by finish Finishing nails are likewise wire nails but the head is only little larger than the shank and the shank is slimmer than that of common nail of the same length Consequently finishing nails may be hidden by sinking the head puttying over it and then paint ing or staining Casing nails are very similar to finishing nails Cut nails are sheared from steel plate with tapered cross section producing corresponding taper on two sides of the nail The heads make neat appearance and in wide board flooring are driven flush and left exposed New Types Developed In recent years several types of specially shaped nails have been developed for use with thinner ma terials such as hard pressed wood fibre boards and plywoods These grooved shank nails are used prin cipally to fasten the thinner ma terials to framing members or in the installation of finish products over the sheathing Common nails are sized accord ing to the archaic British penny system Many explanations have been given as to the origin of this practice but the most com mon is that fivepcnny ten penny etc nail sizes indicate the number of pence originally charg cd for one hundred nails of that size While present usage recog nizes the penny size as indicat ing definite length of nail the designation is gradually being re placed by the practice of identify ing nails according to their dia meter and length in inches Nails measuring more than four inches in length are called spikes Understanding how nail holds in place will help your nailing technique For instance four con clusions follow from the knowl edge that as nail penetrates the fibres of the wood are broken and the bent down ends of the fibres act as wedges opposing its with drawal Once withdrawn nail will not hold as well when driven into the samehole second time 12 cut nails hold better than wire nails especially in soft woods be cause the wedges bear against flat surface Some designs of grooved nails are also very effec tive in soft woods Tapping drilling pilot hole smaller than the nail diameterwhile often necessary to avoid splitting the ammo ctrr9 arrr Total area 609 sq ft Living roomstudy 136x22 Dining room 10x136 Kitchenutility 96x166 Master bedroom l2x146 Bedrooms 10x12 head and 10inch handle The tack hammer is for light nailing and the claw hammer is fordriv TACK HAMMER wood or bending the nail will greatly diminish holding power Nails driven into end grain have very poor holding power because no wedges are formed However if such nailing is required the grooved type of nail will be the most useful While dozens of types of ham mers are available the home carpenter can get along nicely with two types and one auxrliary tool the nail set The two homers are the car penters 16 oz curved claw ham mer with 13inch handle anda tack hammer with fiveounce One Answer to Rack of Plywood Plays Dual Role convenient wall hunger for trousers that needs only asaw and screw driver to construct can be made in an evening It helps keep trousers pressed and neat as well as easy to locate Not only that but the hanger could readily be adapted as towel rack for either kitchen or bathroom The wall bracket is cut from piece of W4 inch Douglas fir ply wood in series of steps as shown Arms am fastened to each step With glue and countersunk flat $torage Wdll of Fir Plywood Lack pol Space one Canadian architect tackling the old problem of not enough storage space in the average Small home has come up with recent answer in the form of central storage core around which the house plan revolves freestanding twoway storage wall which serves as screen be tween sleeping rooms and living areas is ihe result As placed in the plan shown hereit is easily accessible from every area which it serves The architect is Steve Majko of Montreal He won special award for handsome detail of his storage wall in recent na tional home design contest con ducted by the Plywood Manufac turers Association of BC Maxlrnum Space Big attraction of the storage wall islthat it gives the whole ho maximum 11582313191129 jspace minimum ncedfor lky che and bureaus It is particularly happy answer to storage problems tAnCEyAMMEn Vflfi In FACE TOE NAILING NAILING SKEWING smooenma shelves in homes without basement In additionthe open area above thefreestanding Wall increases the general feeling of spaciousness This feeling is further enhanced by unstinted use of floortoceiling windows across the front elevation The windows open both living and dining areas to the flagged terrace and the full sweep of lawn and garden The storage wallas designed is handsome series of clear unbrdJ ken Douglas firplywood panels alternating with builtin units It provides some 300 cubic feet of bonus storagespace spread so that every part can be readily reached locker for garden implements Bedroom Units The architect has provided fur ther answers to the storage prob lem in all three bedrooms Under windOWS in each are bureaudress lng tables of fir plywood Clothes wardrobes also built into the rooms are fitted with trays for linens shirts and small items of apparel master bedroom feature of notezis the private door leading to bathroom facilities Note the out head screws rubdown paint or stain to match woodwork or walls can be applied as finish Several pairs of trousers or towels can be neat ly draped ready for selection Insulation Adds To The Comfort Of Your House According to construction ex ports house which is properly insulated normally requires less fuel during heating season than 15 considered necessary to heat similar house left uninsulated In the summer months insulation is menu is an RNA SMALL HOUSE DESIGNSHere in twostorey basementless house which offers spacious accommodation Architect Basil Capes of Toronto has designed the house along simple lines for economy but has used awide window and planting area to enhance the exterior appearance All rooms are of more than ample dimensions and are arranged for convenient living This is particularly evident in the combined living and dining area whichis welllighted but has one unbroken wall for placing of furniture The Ushaped kitchen boasts plenty of cupboard space and is adjacent to storage room Larger storage space is located off the utility room generous supply of closet space is provided upstairs where large bedroom is located at either end smaller third bedroom and bath room complete the second storey plan The total floor area of the house is 1596 square feet while the cubic measurement is 17820 cubic feet The exterior dimensions are 41 feet eight inches by19 feet two inches Working drawings for the house known us Design 523 may be obtained from Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation at minimum cost insulation tends to halt the admit tance of warm air from the out side when the weather is hot Although there are several diff erent types of insulation the most ofway convenience of entry kit chen and utility roomstorage In the garage work bench with storage space for tools is in cluded alongwilh fir plywood Whether you contemplate build ing new home in the near future or not many of Mr Majkos in genious and practical fir plywood storage units could be adapted to your present heme iy la¢ TOROUGH MIX ESSENTIAL FOR GOOD CONCRETE Included in it are desks book cupboards drawers unit and radioTVphonograph space for records Interior shelves couldbe painted in solid colors to contrast effectively with soft rubdown paint finish on intervent Custertwo similar panels ing ifirplywood panels The bedroom side of alternating the wall rial witll plywood cupobards and drawer ing most sizes of nails with theexi caption of thevery smallest Emdl the very largest tylpeslcommonlyl ytthe use of known as spikes These require striking hammer llbc nail set is used tosink th heads of nails below the surface For SSuburban and Farm Homes For Interesting Walls of Concrete Masonry For Cement Stucco Finishes Tor Flooring For Basement Far Garden Pools an in Steps AND non THOUSAND AND ONE Jabs fro IMPROVE YOUR FARM rroME GARDEN Home cinnnurcrnrnr available ifoi illclivery Call in and ask for the ransom racemeat Hand1 book allthe information youCouldwttish for on theuse oficoncreoo turn to page eleven please spacidusness for storage of bedding towels brooms and other bulky household goods builtin bar between the kit chen and dining area opens thati Whole side of the housefrom kit often to study This feature helpsl enhance the general impression of coarse aggregate suitable is the one which best suits your needs from viewpoint of comfort and economy equally beneficial to prevent the escape of warm in srde air during the cold weather fan This mix is too harsh Can ibercor rooted by using less stone or more gt sand Lack of space has preventedther continuation of these articles overl the last two or three weeks but we are now able to continue on from the story on proportioningi materialswhich we published on April 26th Thorough Mixing Is Essential Drum Mixing About 10per cent of the mixing water should be put in first fol lowed by about onehalf of the The mixingis then started and the time noted After several turns all the cement is added and mixing continued for about half minute All the sandi and the rest of the mixing water are then added followodlby thcl remaining coarse aggregate Ledvl ing part cf the stone until last enables the operator to vary thel Many people uat malt bcliovoeuntilany rim it ipkactual operationbow slniplo and 2pmcucaixhesue¢rempmumyam is small recessed wallunitin ctrer room even thobathroomhasits own€filterfan and thermostat Gives burrowed comfort 1110 snmoEIowlptmuroiatIcmithat supplies gthqhectruns fiteitteamtulbmovdfiveu fun No wiring or electricityrrudedfor fans to roomiunitr or attempts Small tubing Savci fuel too Nowulmtlou humane computation warm tanninsmon youmntit ire rem1 Quantity if necessary to prqducei the required workability Mixing should then continue for for two minutes lM mum atrleast minute but preferably has been completed Hana Mixing watertight platform is con venient for hand mixing of con crete The measured sand is spread on the platform evenly to about inch depth The cement is then spread over the sand and the two mixed thoroughly with ghoe spade or similar tool until no streaks are visible About half thecoarse aggregate is then added and mixed in evenly The dry mixture is levelled out and hOl low made in the centre The water ispoured into this hollow and the materials worked towards and into this hollowwith hoe When uniform mixture has been obtained the remaining stone is added and mixed in evenly Cleaning it Shouldbe cleaned between mixing operations and also when mixing mix having the righlworkability adjustment is necessary In most buildings the greatest heat loss is through the racf For this reason our climatic conditions dictate more efficientllnsulation for the ceiling than for the walls Walls adjacent to porches or un heated garages should receive as careful attention as exposed ex terior walls as high percentage stone Adjusting the Trial Mix Adjust workability of mix by varying the stone andosand not the water Judging the Workability of Concrete Mixes concrete mix is satisfactory if it is smooth and plastic sothatit can beplaced tamped and finish ed easily good mix should be somewhat sticky when worked with shovel or trowel Check by pressing down with hand trowel and bringing the trowel toWards you If the surface becomes smooth after twoor three such trowellings the concrete has the right consistency for placing and finishing Only thin surface water film shouldformgtafter this action If crustof hardened concrete forms on the surface of the drum mixer or mixing platform If the mix is unsatisfactory and proceed as follows if the mix is too stiff the sand may be too fine or too much sand is presentReduce the amount of sand inthe nextbatch or reduce Willyum is really smart cookie and hes smarterstill it he bought the materials for his scaffolding hfrom our Painswick premises Drive outmoftown tfor quicker service or phone reallect Stroud 56R222 nus sum turret gjPAIIilSWICKJ museum or man annoy in gt both tthe fineandxcoarselaggregates if the mix is soupy yin crease the sand contentm increase both the fine andcoarseaggrogates if the mix is too harsh it will not readily produce smooth surface by trowélling two for three times under hand pressure Ad just by reducingrthe coarse aggrea gate or by adding morejsand if the mix is too smooth it will producea smooth surface on single flight trowelfling Such mix is probably oversanded Ad just by reducing the sand content or by increasing the stone 531 of heat loss can occur in these 10 cations Cold floors and high heating expenses common in many base mentless houses can be eliminated by insulating the floors Houses with slabonground type of foun dation should be properly insulated around the perimeter of the foun dation If the house is constructed with the usual crawl space be neath the entire flbor area above the crawl space should be insul ated An efficient vapor barrier should be installed on the warm side of all insulations as precaution against condensation Fin Art oversanded mix Can be cor rected by using less sand or more if your original mix was pro perly proportioned only slight ad justrnents if anyshould be neces If it is necessary to use sand which is too coarseor too finethe cement content should be in eased This may necessitate th mixing of more than one trial batch twhere concrete can easily be worked into place and tamped somewhat stiffer mix can be used This is particularly important for floors and walks which must be finished to withstand heavy wear For sections which are difficult to get at for camping more work able mix may be used When you have obtained good workable mix it is important that the rest of your batches should be made according to the some form ula sltogt Phenomenal growth in acceptance of BC fir plywood as building material is reflected in production figures which show total 1945 pro duction of 204 million square feet had jumped to 580 million square feetby 1953 Ninetyfive per cent of Douglas fir plywood production is sold in Canada Forinaximum rigidity alwaysiap ply ifir plywood subflooring or roof Sheathing withthe face grain of the panel perpendicular to raft ers or joists aégt If joists are green to avoid nail showthrough with resilient floor ing compensate for shrinkage of the joists by setting nails in the fir plywood subflooring