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5hr unanimous Published by Canadian Newspspera ms is Hayfield ltreet same Ontario PAGI POLE gt TUESDAY mill f1 to narrow Nursing Shortage Provides Problem caring Ill Persons malor problem facing hospitals throughout the countryris the shortage of nurses New hospital building is add ing hundreds and hundreds of beds each year and hospital insurance has resulted in increased hospital use comments The Owen Sound SonTimes Increasing numbers of young girls are entering the nursing profession but the increase is not sufficient to make any serious inroads into the shortage It must bearemembered that all nurses who train in the schools of nursing without pay do not stay in the hospitals after graduat ion Some go into public health nursing some the Victorian Order of Nurses some into industrial nursing and number in other fields Many are married soon af ter graduation and do nursing only on parttime basis Hospitals are faced with the necessity of staffing their institutions for 24 hours day and the shifts from am to pan from pm to 11 pm and from 11 pm to son are not the most at tractive although they are the best suit ed to efficient operation of the hospitaL Nursing staffs are usually geared to handle the rated capacity of hospital On one occasion last week in the hospital EofiTtfiers wereeightplitients in bids in the corridors on the surgical floor alone This situation did not last long although it is noLuncoillmontohavepatientsin playrin life the corridors but it did place an added work load on the nursing stall if nurse becomes ill andcannot re port for work and replacement is not available the nurses on duty must share an even greater burden The Job of the nurse is not always pleasant There is great satisfaction in giving comfort to sick and injured and in restoring another human being to health Butit is most assuredly depres sing too to be constantly confronted with people in pain knowing full well that some of them will not recover If the nursing shortage is to be over come the profession must be made as at tractive as possible Wages paid to nun es must at least compare with those paid in occupations where the work is less de manding and where weekends are al ways free Many of our teachers for ex amplepmake $100 week or more on the basis that they are free in the summer holidays Teachers are important but nurses are iustas important in their fields It is true that the answer lies with hospital boards to increase wages of nurses burn is equally true that the public must be willing to accept resulting higher hospital costs The care of the sick is yitally im portant but this care cannot be given without an adequate staff of trained nurses well satisfied with the role they Best Guardian Of Liberties What precisely is meant by that fam iliar phrase freedom of the press Fundamentally it is not special Driv ilege reserved for newspaper publishers It is rather phase of much larger freedom the freedom of all men to speak theirminds openly and without fear lho press claims no right which should not belong to every citizen in democracy But freedom of the press is an allimportant part of this larger free dom because under modern conditions the press is the principal agency by which the ordinary man receives thcvin formation he needs to Judge the actions of his rules and make up his mind on public affairs Without newspapers or with only gagged and blindfolded ones he is in the dark and helpless An un lettered press is therefore one of the essential bulwarks of democratic na ion If any proof be needed it is supplied by the record of the totalitarian dicta torships which have darkened the twent ieth century Rigid control of all sources of public information and especially of newspapers was the cornerstone on which all these regimes Nazi Fascist and Communist alike were founded Without it they could hardly have lasted for more than few months With it they could keep their peoples in blinkers and drive them on any course they chose The calamities of our ago its fear and insecurity stem in no small measure Opiniollsoi Other Newspapers DRY OUR EYES Hamilton Spectator since tile Olympic Games ended about week ago Canadians have been told they are nation of weakilngs who eat too much and dont get enough exercise there has been great tattoo breastbeating about our poor showing in me The trouble with this armunent is that it stiimulates the mistaken philosophy that Br standard of physical fimess should and bring more medals tarCanada in international competitions if that is the principal reason for exercise then we might better fall back in our easy chairs and cuddle our pauucbes Probably among the few participants the olyno pic Games is forcevfor tolerance and under standing But for deemillions of nonwortiolponts lie lo 111M Paragraphically Speaking lit fellow lust cantheip being soandesof said oldSorehead cup poeo he might as well go into politics and get paidfor it An oldtimor comes down with an alt Gibrflarrir Examinrr arensemlsrll Daily lundsyl and statutory Holidays excepted wanna neuron and General manm cnaanss wanes flllllnlll Manesr newts season Mmlling Editor BOBZBI 5wfldflllill Manager soar cocoon Circulation Manner ub tic rate carrier ass $22 nslum lily all ohmll in still 0031 months to non i3 more Offices 125 Univeran All Toronto MD Catlin Street Montrell 1125 Member or castern Daily News can lithe Association The Canadian Press kiss ti Audli Bureau of Circulation di in exclusive caucus to as urchin unilmliniol an new etched in un mr lea it Cl The Allocated pm field on also up local news published therein All rights at republication of meals dispatches ilersin sro also reserved Numberl collaran Advertising ns km man Want an PArkwss mu est Georgia street Vancouver from the simple fact that at critical per iods great sections of the earths popu lation have been prevented by theirrub ers 1from learning the real news of the wor These examples should provide ward ing against any attempt by governments or by private interests to restrict the es sential freedom of the press free peo ple must stand on guard not only against direct censorship but also against more insidious encroachments Normal free lom is not cnoughmllhe only true free press is one which can record the news faithfully and comment on it frankly without fear of direct or indirect punish ment Neither the press nor the public is safe with anything less than this All liberty of course involves obliga tions That of free newspaper is to be truly free It must strive to be thor ough accurate and unbiased in its re porting sincere and thoughfui in its edi torials and resistant to all outside pres sure It must be both cautious and bold cautious until it knows all the facts hold when it is sure of its ground It must above all be inspired by devotion to the public welfare as its staff understands it Such newspaper is worthy of the privileges which the free peoples of the world have traditionally granted to their press Such newspaper is also the best guardian of the liberties of the people This editorial was prepared by Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association who remain at borne worthink the games so gravate rather than foster international arnity Training for thaolympics valid the games thenlselves has become deadly serious science Stop watches and synchronized photographic equipment decide the winnersaudible prestige of nations letters with the result not then bare foot Ethiopian won the Olympicmarathondo perhaps Canada would wins iewmedals if more of us went around with our aboes off nations health csntvbe measured in these ways or in terms of so many bulging muscles per caplts So let us eacclnage reasonable phy sical exercise in tbe course of providing sound educationand than dry our eyes if the process fails to produce bemedslleli superman as cops to national pride tack ofAnostalgia whenrhe renlcmbcrs how his mother used to keep available an overliberal supply of teacakes as large as mediumsized saucer For the first quarterrmile motor cycle has quicker getaway than let plane and it makes very little more noise gt Among the bravest of men are editors of weekly newspapers who run Forty Years Ago column and include in it the names of local women Under our free enterprise economic systern the more enterprising person is the more freely he is taxed 5lhev eating or bugs in raw vegetables salads etc is no cause for worry says physician He would probably feel dif ferently if he were bug Not all judges are hard hearted In Vancouver 30 man charged with leaving the scene of minor car occi dent won dismissal when he told the 5udge that if he hadnt left his wife would have found out that woman was more with him tioo mods REMEMBER Mllllx sun LENIN lllln saunas TOO No Longer glossed White Africans WFiee suicide CAPE TOWN Reuters Month by month the South Af rican governments racial classi fication authorities inue decl sloos which may destroy farm iiys future even if they can prove that the are white Some wb ts people have committed suicide Some families have been broken up others have lied tile country Allconcerrled have been ahockedheartbrokn and humiliatedin the words of local newspaper report to find one day unexpectedly that they are no longer officially closed as white in south Africa today Where great gulf divides the whim from the colored mixed bloods and Negroes such scbangovmay seem like the and of this world Jobs social position marriage future prospects even the right to live in certain areas may all be wrecked overnight N0 INTERMARRIAGE For legislation covers many of these things with tight net It covers lob reservation marriage under the Mixed Marriages Act which ii matrimony be tween members of different ra ciol groups and the zoning of residential areas All these de pend on color Most of the families involved are so mortified by the stigma attached to racial classification that they shun all publicity it affects their children and grandchildren as well you see explained one lawyer had one case some weeks ago which personally thought very deserv ing of publicity But my clients absolutely forbade me to divulge any details to the press Ono Cape Town no spsper man told this conespoo out One reason why people are so if they are officially reinstated as while after an appeal they can be reclassified at any time There is no guarantee that the ordeal will not be repeated lot of these cases start with an anonymous letter from some malicious or vengeful person Others begin when not official notice advises the recipient that be has been struck from the vot ers rollwhlch contains only the namesof whites Others originals with the re quest by sqmcona planning mar riage for copy of his birth oer lificste from official records Because ministers msking out birth certificates in the past had the habit of writing down the word milled when an infants parents were of mixed European descent they are suddeniy years laterfaced with the threat of being classed as nonwhite Two years ago when racial classification first hit the head lines it was estimated there were about 00000 borderline cases in Cape pmvice the ire dltional home of the Cape color eds descendants of early English reluctant to talk is because aven Dllidl same Who had Chil by African women Since then many falfiiiieb have lived in dread of call to report to the local representative of the population registrar for scrutiny This scrutiny is reported to be exhaustive Often whole family is gathered together including children while their ancestry social habits and sssoclotionfs the color and texture of their hair eyes skin and bone struc ture are studied Indias High ComihisSionel Apprecigtes Canadian Life OilAWA CPlin two years as Indian high commissioner in Canada ioviai Venkatacbar developed genuine affection for this country haveenloyed every minute of my stay be told reporter as he prepared for his Sept 00 departure have been from coast to coastfrom Halifax to Vancou ver and Victoria have toured Quebec and travelled Ontario visited Edmonton Calgary and the Rockies Winnipeg and Saskatoon twice British Colum bis twice lbave tried to get the feelof the country and meet its people it is fascinating country The personable of year old diplomat who lived here with his wife and teenage son and daugh teranother son works in Ger manyis retiring to his home town of Bangalore capital of Mysore in southem india at small town of about 1000000 SENSE 0F HUMOR He will he remembered here as an etfervescent man in horn rlmmcd glassm puffing incess antly on pipeimported Eng lish tobaccowith sparkling sense of humor thst keeps bub bling up ingenerous swells of laughter Asked what was the highlight of his stay in Canada he replied that it was the June day in 1959 when bound thousands of others watched the Queen and President Eisenhower open the St Law rence Seaway gt It was very greatness is he said looking pleased with the recollection He listed pointi ofvsimllarlty Chile Faces New Sacrifice Era T6 Survive Earthquakes Havoc SANTIAGO Chile Alpcane only recently recoveng from near economic collapse faces new era of sacrifice if it is to survive the havoc of last Mays earthquakes and tidal walles The7500000 persons who in habitsthis South American republt llc must work more and pruducs more to repay the enormous in vestment requiredto reconstruct il southern provinces hit by the dlsasbers that disrupted the na tions chief economiesmining and farming Tbe upheaval affected pearly 00000 quare mile of rich land all area roughly equal to that of Great Britain Whole cities were wrecked government spokesman likened the devastation to that of section of Europe aflerthe Second World War But Finance Minister Roberto Vergara ob served Thele was one difference What the writ took five years to tear down the earthquakes did in Cbilsja five minutes Between May and 25 there were three earthquakes two tidal waves volcanic eruptions lamb slides fire and iiooll Entire communities were engulfed by fbe ocean or sank into the ground New islands were formed while others disappeared from sight below thesea houssnds lost their ilves countless numbers were injured and nearly 500000 persons were left homeless or the $600000000 Chile es mate it needs to repair the dam age 5150000000 will have come from new taxes That means greatcrsusleriix The balancemust be ohtalned through international crelilt or ganizations lhe gcvornmentbe liuves that if lit doesnt get the $45000000 it nelids from abroad to shelter the homeless recon struct ports highways bridges railwayshnd public utilities the resulting inflation will dwathe spiral that five years ago boosted the cost of living 03 per cent and brought Chile near economic col lapso between the lndian and the Ca nadian ways of life parliamenh nry democracy thefederalslIEe fem similar judicial systems He also noted point of differ ence and seemed highly amused by it lndlas constitution writ ten in New Delhi and proclaimed in 1950 runs 252 pages more than seven times the length of the 35page British North Amer ica Act CANADA RESPECTED Mr chkatachar lsaid Cans dians have developed healthy regional existenceand an inte grated national life simultane ously This is great achieve ment we alsonre working in the same direction He said Canada is respected by newly mdepeudent nations because wh ofirmly committed to one ride in the cold war it always takcsan objective ap proach to international disputes Top suggestiori that Canadians have perhaps beenrguiity ofltoo much ballybooonjust Hisparr bicular point Onemf my im pressions of Canadians is that they are very modest people They dont want their efforts praised too much He spoke othe warm tradi tiunal friendship between mile and Canada séying this will have salutary effect not only on the evolution of the Commonwealth but slso ontile issue of world tranquility muss UNDERSTANDING We know how each others mind works And understanding is ninetenths of good relations between people At the some time he hin dthat he would like to see Canadians take lessdetachedviEWof In dias economic troubles Hesug geatcd that Colombo Plan and other such assistanceshould be founded unenlightened selfintern est fThe stability of India is mat for notionlybf regiorlsl import once but one of world imporl once If India is stablebetter oif your own prosperity can OTillWli um Dieienhakeris Idea Stirs Up Interest PAiltiCl monouou novel and fanllgblsd sugges by Prime barrister Jobs Diefeobaker was applauded by most delegates as the high light of the Commonwealth and Empire Law conference bald here last week Neive hundred and 30 lawyers from all Commoamsliil and Ebro plrc countries converged on 0t tawa when the Canadian Bar Association played the role of host at thisJecopd conference The initial meeting took place in Medea England five years are As might be expected thlsrotl taws meeting thoroughly outshone the earlier one for Is one dole gale told me The ice sons loomed from the London Confer enee were put to considerable use planning the Ottawa gaiben WORLDHDBT The prime minister and Mrs Dieienbskel invlied all the dole gstss lo whiletie banquet of the Chateau Laurier at ills can ferences midway mark At this stage there had been some in formal coffee cup discussion about thedlfilcuitlcs being ex perienced by the emerging ne tions in preparing their own cum stitutions and codifyillg their laws It had been suggested that Commonwealth legal advisory committee should be formed to give sdvice when requested by any Commonwealth government But no poalllvssnd constructive idea had been emulated until Prime Minister chfenbaker rose to address his guests at that large formal banquet After uttering warm welcome and referring to the frstemity of all IMYers hespckebllength about Human Rights and Funds mental Freedoms and than flow the kite which was destined to stir up so much interest and ads miration Would it be desirable for tho lawyers of the Commonwealth to consider the establishment of Commonwealth Law Institute to assist in the varied range of legal developmental problems of the Commonwealth he asked it seems to me that there wulbrssrvwlasaeedforsw ticallr kind of legal knowledgue which would be of vaius lo and particularly to the new room ber actions oi the Common wealth Such questions as the co ersucn of the federal lyliem with which Canada and Australia have had so much experience the inienmlxturo of the civil and the common law with which South Africa Ceylon and Quebec and Scotland have bad long and deep experienceand many other areas where the knowledge and practices of Commonwealth law and lswyershlp could there by ba made available to all After that outline of the need and of his ausgosiloa lamest it the prime minister urged the Bar Associations and Law Societies of the Commonwealth to set up committeeio explore his proposal for Commonwealth Law ul stltule DISTINGUISHED MEET ibe brillissllmecling of legal luminaries included top Canadian lawyers among whom some Ceb inet members at times were able to Join Jusiice Minister Davisy Fulton from Kamloops and Tor ontos Public Minister David Walker mingled with the oversea visitors Clllef Juslice Mbancfo of Nigeria Tes manias Attorney General lion Fagan and Englands Viscount Kilmuir exemplified the stars of the bars who came here Lord Kilmuir now Lord Chan cellar of Great Britaina post corresponding to that of Speaker of our Senate in pgrtwaLbetier known oi Sir David Fyfe deputy chief prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials of the Nari wa criminals On lighter note he associated with inrsln Ill other field for his wife sister of Rex Harrison who wsaiho star of the Broadway production of llfy Fair Lady and the hue band of cinema actress the late Kay Kendall The host the Canadian Bar Association was well represented by Jnembers from all arts of Canada all of whom Wel land Stewurt Maolnnes 00 took an active part and alert interest in the proceedings arponr raorvl llllt Employee Is Paid Net To Do Workf By McINTYRE HOOD London England Correspondent For The Barrie Examiner LONDON At the railway coach works at Swindon in Wilt shlro there is the unusual speci aole of man who is paid for doing nothing He is Paul And rews 27year old railway coach finisher Every day he leaves his home and walks to the works lustcacl of carrying tool kit he carries with him portable radio set to while away the time while he sits in the face cry and does nothing On pay day he walks up to the pay of fice and collects his wageof £11 week net His rate is £13l30 but deduotlons for income tax and national health insurance bring it down to the even £1 figure All of this has come about be cause of dispute with his trade union Mr Andrews knows ev ery day he goes to the factory that he will not have to do siroke of work But nevertheless his wages are guaranteed TORE UP UNION CARD Mr Andrews became involved in dispute with his trade union He tore up his union card and réfused to pay union dues Ass result of this 500 of his fellowemployees members of the National Union of Vehicle Builders staged an unofficial nib down strlkcyand lost weeks for Mr Andrews to want to pay He was then treated to the angry silence His workmates sent him to Coventry and declar ed his work black The management consulted the foreman Ronald Cox who found solution to the problem of get ting the strikers back to work He told Mr Andrews Dont do any work But be cause tils management has no complaint against you you will still get your wages VERY EMBARBASSING That is exactly what Mr And re is doing it is all very embarrassing to me he said but it does mean that no longer have to stay in the finishing shop working under the hostile glares of the men who sent me to Coventry pass the time by doing bit of drawing lm very good at cartoonst also listen to the radio and talk in members of the union want to join the National Union of Rail wayrlien And when they méke tea oblige by washing up the cups Mr Andrews is quite frank in telling his reasons for tearing up his union card The National Union of Velt hiclo Buildershe said is minorityunion At their meek ings everything seems to be cut and dried beforehand They seem to be like lot of SiIBED and dont like that would rather be member of the NUR but they wont let me The general secretary of the National Union of Vehicle Build ers Frank Winchester retorfed to this by saying There is no reason whatever change his union ln anyevent under union rules the National unionof Railwaymen would not be allowed to admit him ndia Draitstrogram To Train Thousands During Next 10 Years NEW DELHI Reuters hzisdravVn upansrnbilioiis pro gram to train tholuallds bf engl neers doctors scientists and technicians during the next 10 years The program is expected to bridge the present gap between supply and demand for these ex pem in India For the etfive years indie intends to spend about 5200000 00010 expand technical educa tion facilitiu in the country By 196566 dla hope to have doubled its present output englneers scientists and techn cians By then lndian unlvcrsltia will produce 45000 science gradA uates and7000 with the degree of to rot sole ceLcnmpured wllhtheprcsent output of 2300 science graduates ond3600 mar tors of science mail will train 1147 gradu year plan in 1966 At present In éiulearsby than of the third fivem din has facilities to train only 4500 engineering graduates Year year plan in 1971 the country By the end of the fourth five hopes to have all the engineers doctors scientist and experts it needs Training facilities will bel expanded progrmsively to pro videenough intllutions in the country to fill the nationsneed for these experts BlairTHOUGHT 37 iight altitude rprnlluces heifer he maintained inltlus inter ates in engineering and technol right kind of desiro And this dependent world and 1500 pollcrammed nasal desire God will Mid