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t the papers s ay editorial here comment from there and everywhere canada worse than disease the problem which presents itself on sunday evenings to the news edi tor of le canada is to prepare a complete list of the tragic deaths which have taken place during the weekend this rather grim census has become a routino in all news paper offices and excuses journalists for not having more than reasonable pity for the fate of the victims the reality however is none the less sad for the families who are thus afflict ed in the last three weeks the num ber of automobile victims is seven dead and 19 wounded summer has only begun and when autumn has come it will be possible to demon strate mathematically that motor vehicles in the district of montreal have claimed more victims than no matter what disease le canada montreal page popeye ontario department of agriculture reports the 1937 acreage of spinach up 20 per cent west of toronto while in the eastern half of the province it is the same as last year this ought to have a bearing upon outcome of the college rugby series woodstock sentinelreview mine dividends ontario gold mines have produced an average of a little over 7000000 per month so far this year records prepared indicate a- production of close to 43000000 for the first half of 1937 lake shore will have an output of well over 8000000 in gold during the first six months of this year hollingor consolidated continues to be canadas second largest gold- producing mine and will report an output of around 750000 during the six months to end june 30 mclntyreporcupine will report an output of over 4100000 in gold for the first half of the year according to the preliminary data now on hand dome mines according to prelim inary information will show an out put of about 3900000 for the first half of 1937 wrighthargreaves is maintaining a high rate and will be able to re port a production of 3700000 in gold during the half year according to data now available toronto sat urday night asks speed problem is speed itself dangerous a contemporary it is difficult to give a direct an swer because so many other things must be taken into consideration the danger of speed depends upon the experience and ability of the driver the character of his tempera ment and the condition of his mind and body the mechanical condition of the car the condition of traffic the state of the roads weather con ditions the mental and physical con dition of the other drivers he meets on the road and the speed at which they arc travelling the visibility and the many other features of motoring which enter into the cause of accidents if all of these conditions arc favor able to the driver therefore we would venture the opinion that speed itself is not dangerous providing tho motorist stays within the speed limit chatham news wedding rings june being the month of weddings it is interesting to note that half the worlds brides are said to bo married with wedding rings made in birming ham where some of the firms in the trade have been in existence since tho 18th century a hundred years ago wedding rings were made narrow as they are today and gradually they became wider until 50 years later no ring was acceptable unless it was broad and heavy tho pendulum has swung back again to tho present fashion for abnormally narrow and light rings although there is a tendency to revert to heavier rings victoria colonist food fit for a man it is tho considered opinion of many a heman that some strange fads and fancies have been flourish ing in our kitchens in recent years our forefathers waxed great and ftrong on solid fodder that would back up against n fellows chest bones and stay there letting him know that he had had a meal but wo their unworthy descendants arc facing a world in which the kitchen as become an experimental labora tory for a ladies bridgeclub so that a plateful of crcamcolorcd stuff on a b j g wilted lettuce leaf is actually held to be suitable nourishment for a hard working adult human being the heman of course probably knows little about the modern dis covery of vitamins so he cannot be expected to enter into the spirit of cookery of the chiffon school as one iconoclast has aptly described it the heman may bo all wrong but being a heman he likes to know when a meal is over by the feeling of ful ness inside him rather than by the emptiness of his plate dietary ideas of the past could not have been wholly wrong we might try rediscovering some 6f the old- fashioned recipes for oldfashioned foods and give the canopening wrist a chance to relax winnipeg tribune canadians in the war the total canadian enlistments in the great war numbered 590572 there were 317705 canadianborn 221495 natives of the british isles 7250 born in other british posses sions and 37391 born in the united states among the enlisted members the division of nonnative british was as follows english 150468 scottish 46850 irish 19452 welsh 4780 the canadianborn racial division was englishspeaking 259- 872 frenchspeaking 57833 u s born 37391 other nations 0725 by ontario 245677 quebec 82793 new brunswick 25864 nova scotia includes pei 33 342 manitoba 66319 saskatchewan 37666 al berta 45146 british columbia 51- 438 yukon 3327 according to racial origin the decennial census of canada computes the poulation of british origin at 5640 per cent of the total and that of french origin at 2791 st john telegraphjour nal horn blowers the toronto telegram carries an editorial on the motorist hornblower in hong kong in the past year there have been 60 foreign drivers and 1035 chinese drivers penalized for blowing the old horn when they should not have and 69 chronics had their licenses cancelled our contemporary suggests that toronto authorities take some energetic steps to stop this nuisance and what a nuisance it is there is the taxidriver who never gets out of his car but honks for his charge there is the worst pest of all the woman driver who commands right of way and scares the daylight out of the average pedestrian why should anyone get this way at the wheel and what about the pest who honks and honks because the green light does not come on after the red speedily enough to suit him there is a whole lot of bad man ners in traffic but try and tell some of them about it st catharines standard concerning canacans the peace bridge at fort eric is justified a war of some years duration along the niagara international border has been settled it was a fly war though aeronautics had no part in its cause or cure the annually recurring trouble centred upon sand flies millions of which are wont to invade both sides of the niagara river each summer canadians called them buffalo flies americans dubbed them canada flies both wrong or only halfright theyre canacan lies to wit canadian and america who says so professor william wild entomology associate of the buffalo museum of science tho learned professor seems to have good grounds or rather good waters for his findings in the fly war says he the two countries share alike in their ownership of these flies which breed in the mid dle of the swiftrunning niagara stratford beaconhcrad the empire new zealands defence observers wore uneasy two years ago when the british naval person nel fell below the 100000 mark the japanese has been rising and now stands at 90000 while that of the united states is 127000 the first lord has made provision in his esti mates to increase the british person nel by 11000 from its present figure of 101000 whether that is sufficient in view of the long specialized train ing required to supply efficient naval ratings may be considered an open question at least it represents a substantial increase viewing all these defensive preparations new zealand would do well to consider whether she is doing her part she is as dependent on naval protection as britain her government is pro viding for the maintenance of two large cruisers on the new zealand station but that increased contribu tion is far from being proportionate with britains mighty expansion auckland news weighed 27 pounds and measured 44 inches he was caught on a 700ft copper line with an otter trail troll considerable dfficulty was experienc ed in landing the trout as mr smith had no gaff in the boat he had to bring the fish close to the boat and grab him by the giils relief from relief loan money is spent every year on socalled unemployment relief tax ation is imposed also and this double burden is a serious handicap on eco nomic recovery money which re mains in private enterprises is avail able for the expansion of industry and for the real relief of unemploy ment apart from its debiliating in fluence on individuals taxation for unemployment relief militates against the relief of unemployment it ag gravates that which it is imposed to cure farmers cannot obtain season al labour ut they arc taxed to maintain men who will not work be sides having become a huge depart ment of state in which more than 400000 has been spent on adminis tration it has developed into a branch of high finance the funds have been debited with loan flotation expenses 91000 and with interest and sinking fund 400000 these items cover the whole period over which loans have been floated for un employment relief but it is a scandal that taxation for benevolent purports should bo charged with the interest sinking fund and flotation expenses on loans floated for purposes of ben evolence socalled what is sorely needed is relief from this kind of re lief melbourne argus 27000 saved st thomas st thomas hydro users will benefit in the amount of approximately 27000 a year with the new rates reductions that the public utilities commission has sent to the ontario power commission for ap proval the latest reduction in domestic commercial and industrial power rates are made possible by the 2 per horsepower decrease in the cost of power to municipalites announc ed by the ontario commission to take effect on august 1 the new reductions will be the second cut this year as the present rates were only put into effect on jan 1 last being made possible by the 250 per horseoower reduction of last fall general manager p w peart of the local commission stated that the reductions on jan 1 represented a saving of 13500 to local power users while the proposed new rates will mean an equal amount the local commission is also seeking per mission to reduce the cost to local consumers of flat rate water heaters by 10 per cent from aug 12 w parade commentary on the highlights of the weeks news by peter randal new economic accord london eng prime minister neville chamberlain told the house of commons this week that premier paul van zeeland of belgium fresh from talks with president roosevelt is further pursuing the possibility of a broad international economic agieement the prime minister tartly refused however to disclose any details of negotiations thus far van zeeland he said is proceeding with inquiries to endeavor to ascer tain how far it is possible to obtain agreements on certain general prin ciples of economic policy among a number of states including the sig natories of the tripartite currency agreement france great britain and the united states using huge goldpur chase funds have cooperated under the tripartite agreement in working toward currency stabilization chamberlain returned an abrudt no to laborite emanuel shinwells question whether van zeeland is the only vehicle of the united kingdoms expression tho belgium premier was dele gated by france and great britain to sound out world opinion on a poss ible international economic agree- ment that would spur world trade through the elimination of trade barriers he had long talks with president roosevelt in late june and early this week reported to the british prime minster on the results of his visit control of the press twenty years ago a great war swept away the hampering bonds of tradition men dreamed of a golden age in which peace and good will were to take the place of the old phrase concerning might and right those men are either dead or gone from the seats of the mighty free dom has given place to a new slav ery one of the traditions to go in the war ruins was the world concep tion of democracy today democracy is facing an unequal struggle against the forces of dictatorship as vested in fascism and bolshevism by dictatorship is not not ment the placing of political power alone in the hands of one man but the very lives and thoughts of his people in many sections of the worid civilized people no longer possess the right to think or to speak other than as they are commanded so to do their right to self government has gone and gone with it the right to a free press that something of the same order may well come to pass in our own world is not beyond the powers of imagination last week eleven largo newspaper associations met in chicago to protest the attempts of the american newspaper guild to obtain closed shop conditions for editorial workers such attempts if successful would mean a virtual control of the voice of the people of particular significance is the fact that the american newspaper guild is an affiliation of the cio and thus bound in many respects to sup port its cause and its dictates in op position to all others in other words america is entering upon the first stages of a dictatorship c i o battle at the present time no one is able to predict the future of the cio a recent straw vote taken by the magazine fortune would seem to indicate a growing sympathy for the american federation of labor among a great many people who arc beginning to look upon it as a bulwark in time of dire need the threat of press control is only cne indication of just how severe the battle is likely to be john l lewis has determined to take his organiza tion beyond the ranks of industrial workers into tho realm of the white collar people only the other day we received a copy of a handbill being distributed to workers in am erican publishing houses the hand bill clearly stated the affiliation of its sponsors with the cio workers dictatorship there is more than one way to the powers of dictatorship lewis has stated his intention of enlisting 5000000 workers in his organiza tion tho power that such an or ganization would b able to give if his plans are ever completed holds possibilities aoovj and beyond any government government to marriage last week we commented on the change of governments in france expremier blum is again in the headlines though for quite a differ ent cause than the downfall of a government back in the days be fore he thought of governments the expremier wrote a book on mar riage the book is to be published in new york soon and is predicted as one of the coming best sellers canada in the news canada made world news last week in several connections for the hungry and the speculator there was the news that canadas huge wheat surplus has finally been liqui dated for the hungry the news meant higher wheat prices when coupled with rumours of light crops for the speculator it meant busi ness better canadian business all round canadas wheat carry over amounted to 211 million bushels in 1934 so the task accomplished by the wheat board may be considered as something of an achievement especially in view of the fact that it was done with no loss to the gov ernment then there was the story of prime minister mackenzie kings visit to the chancellor of germany official ly it was designated as a purely personal affair but men in a position to know of mr kings influence in empire affairs are wondering if the seemingly innocent visit may not have decided effect on british policy as the most influential of the do minions canadas statesmen are taking an increasingiy important part in empire decisions news in brief office of the department of high ways here confirmed building of the road and bridge estimate of the cost of the project which will get under way shortly could not be ob tained p goldie head of the construction firm which received the contract vis ited the island during the week end and made an examination of the pro posed road the work it is expected will require three months the project will reduce the ferry crossing from threequarters of a mile to 500 yards at present traffic congestion has been experienced mo torists often waiting two hours to cross from the mainland to manitou- lin big lake trout wiarton what is likely to be tho champion fish for bruce penin sula this year was caught this week by arnott smith willard ohio at barrow bay the fish a lake trout bridge to manitouln sudbury dream of a decade will be fulfilled this summer when allyear traffic communication will be established to manitoulin island by road and bridge connecting the main land and gosy island part of mani toulin island the remaining 500 yards from goat island to manitoulin will be covered by ferry fast water in the channel prevents ice forming and permits operation of the ferry in win ter prolonged rainfall needed edmonton with edson dis trict blazes reportei definitely under control battle against forest fires in alberta centred on six persistent out breaks in the mcmurray district 300 miles north of edmonton provincial forestry officials stated raging since june 30 in the edson area 150 miles west of here scat tered conflagrations yielded to ef forts of more than 200 firefighters gasoline engine pumps and backfir ing methods turned the tide of battle in favor of the weary crews tho fires were placed under control be fore they destroyed valuable timber despite valiant efforts of the men fighting them the mcmurray blazes probably will be extinguished only after a prolonged rainfall j a hutchison provincial forestiy offi cial said youths ride bicycles from sas katchewan to kitchener kitchener two saskatche wan youths are resting hero with friends on a bicycle trip that will take them from wadena sask- to boston and return a distance of 4000 miles the lads tom ellis 20 and har old enderud 20 expected to make the entire journey on less than 100 each they have already travelled 1600 miles in canada and the unit ed states without a puncture you have to be careful on the highways nobody pays any atten tion to you so far we have escaped accidents but we had a near brush in minnesota the traffic in that state is terrible there is no high way patrol at all and the motorists drive as they please they declared the boys who travel seventyfive miles a day cook all their meals and carry a pup tent to use when the weather is bad- otherwise they sleep under the stars four lads watch companion drown halifax powerless to lend aid because they could not swim four companions watched ronald power 15 drown halifax harbor power stepped off a ledge into deep water and was unable to return to shore canadian youth more optimistic hull england according to professor a e morgan former prin cipal of mcgill university montreal modern university youth of canada constitute one of the very striking assets of canada in the univcxsities one sees the best examples of those who are going to be the leaders of canada tomor row said professor morgan who has just returned to great britain he declined to make any comment upon lis resignation as principal of mcgill he said he had no definite plans for the future beyond taking a holiday if one dared to generalize one would say that the youth of canada is less sophisticated and more optim istic than the youth of great brit ain said professor morgan the wonderland of oz ly l frank baum iii- si cov dashed in lo rescue the sawhorse and had his left foot smashed by tho hammer they then found that tho sawhorse had been dazed by the blow alt hough the hard wood of which his head was made could not bo crushed both of the cars of the creature were broken ot and he would be unable to hear a sound until new ones were made for him i lo animals left knee was also cracked an dhad to be bound up with ring ilillinu having fluttered under tho hammer it now remained to res cue tho private who was still riding on the iron giants mallet high in tho air so the scarecrow lay flat upon the ground and called to tho man to jump down upon his body which was soft because it was stuffed with straw this the private managed lo do waiting until ho was closo to tho jjroun dan dthen letting himself drop upon the scarecrow he did this with out breaking any hones and tho scarecrow declared that ho was not injured in tho least therefore the tin woodman having by this time fitted ney cars to tho sawhorse tho entlro party proceeded upon its way leaving tho giant to poun out tho path behind them gradual ythey drew nearer to tho mountain which blocked their path and which marked the beginning ot tho gnomo kings underground king dom overhead the sky was dark for a volcano ono of the gnome kings chimneys was pouring out black smoke which filled tho air weird fac es peered down upon them from tho rocks an deverythlng became still and quiet indeed they were nearing their destination canadian author defined by editor there is no satisfactory answer to the question what is a canadian au thor no wonder then there is con fusion confounded among critics and readers about this little business of canadian literature how can they arrive at conclusions of any sort or at least conclusions ot any value if there is no agreement about the quali fications tcr canadian authorship asks the winnipeg free press on tho one hand there is tho school which agrees with tho definition given by mr 15 k sandwell at the recent kingston conference on canadian- american affairs mr sandwell said a canadian author properly speak ing is one who accumulated a sub stantial volume of his impressions of life ii canada anil formed there tho deeper and moro important ot his in tcllectual and moral relationships and that means generally one who spent his formative years from ten to twen tyfive or thirty in canada and on the other hand there is the school which would accept tho implicit definition used- by the to ronto university quarterlys unique and valuable annual letters in can ada survey of canadian writing this can be stated as canadian literaturo is that written by a british subject domiciled in canada but both of these definitions havo their difficulties in the first instanco there are writers now living in can ada whose early impressions of lifo certainly were not canadian and yot whose work we accept as part ot the body ot canadian literature and in tho second instance there are writers born and bred in canada and now do- miciled abroad whose work is not particularly canadian nnd yet we ae- cept it also as part of canadian lit erature what then is a canadian author there are some who declare that only those writers born and bred and writing in canada though not neces sarily about canada aro canadian authors tho definition is most con stricting and it accepted at onco re duces tho current body of canadian ftterature to an alarming degree notwithstanding that fact is it tho correct answer the problem is ex tremely thorny and it may bo soma years before it is satisfactorily ad justed war on pine tree beetle in the us denver colo hundreds of men have been mobilized in the west to fight a tiny beetle the size of a large pinhead which wipes out pino forests it is the dendroctorius ponderost beetle alias tho black hills bug there are terriflic loses from this beetle said w l robb regional inspector for the federal forest ser vice we estimate that in colorado the beetle has killed 20000000 board feet of lumber worth 500000 in the last year since 1897 when the beetle was first discovered in the black hills rohb said it has been found in mon tana idaho wyoming colorado and south dakota it is dormant for a few years then there is a new outbreak ho said tho present flareup started about 1931 and has been worse each year the only cure is to cut down tho infested trees and burn the bark says americans dress frightfully new york a british dress de signer angela shepherd here to study fashions expressed the opin ion american men dress frightfully i have not seen a single welldressed man since i arrived she said they do not have clothes sense they do not seem to care about clothes they rebel against changing in the evening we aro always changing in london and those blue shirts and yellow ties dear me perhaps someone suggested there is something about the amer ican anatomy that distresses you english men are taller you know no it is not that the stylist re plied american men have fright ful taste the materials are wrong and their clothes just dont fit i cannot see why the women stand for it mrs shepherd was kinder to amer ican women i do think your am erican women dress divinely though there is something so jaunty about them british women are definitely not jaunty and your womens shoes heavenly i just love your shoes safe drivers tjio ontario association for tho deaf in n recent statement pointed out that deaf and hardofhearing drivers havo a better record of safe ty than those with normal hearing during the past eight years only five deaf drivers were involved in ac cidents none of which ended fatally or resulted in serious injury in three of the cases the good hearing drivers were decreed to be at fault and the other two mishaps were due to speeding