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Voice of the Fugitive (Sandwich and Windsor, ON1851), October 7, 1852, p. 1

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H, BIBB AND J. T. HOLLY, EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS. ---------------- VOICE OF THE FUGITIVE IS PUBLISHED Beery ether Thuraday at Windsor, C. WW. VWI. ONE DOLLAR per annum, always in advance, No subscription will be received for a less term than six months. Advertisements, not exceeding ten lines, inserted four times for one dollar. Every subsequent insertion 25 AGRYNGS. 'Canava West,--Amherstburg, D. [otchkiss and Levi Foster. Sandwich, Israel Cunipbelli Cnatmam.--Andrew Smith. Dawn Mitus.--George Cary. Toronto,--J. T. Fisher. Micritean.--J. F, Dolbenre, Roisin. Francis King, Flint, _ Dr. Burnes, Owasso, Chester Guruey, Centreville. B.P. 'oster, Genesee, Intrxois,--Mr. Bastman, Chicago. Rev. Mr. Miller, Aurora, Dr, L. Hale, Dundee, - Massacnusets.--h, F. Walcut, 21,, Mrs. W. Biikemore, Boston. J. Morse, 5, Water street, Boston. Henry Richurds, Pall River, Rey, Wiliam Brewster, Lowell. Rufus Elmer, Springfield. Rev. A. Stockinan, Worthington. W. [frley, Northampton, W. Fuller, Ainherst. Rey, Poster, Littleville. New, Jersxy.--E, P. Rogers. New Yorx.--Wm. MMarned, 48, Beekman street, New York; L.C. Mithiek, 3. Spruce street} JON, Gluncester, 40, West Broadway; William Rotter, Nudsen; John Miles, Albany; John Lyle, Syracuse; George Weir. jun., Buffalo; Lewis Clark, Busti New Hamrsnine.--Edward Brackett. Dover; A. T. Foss, Manchester; Elder Brooks, Grent Falls. Verxoxt--James L. Taylor, Burlington. Onto --Willinin Merrett, Maumee City; J. R. Gains, Cincinnati; Weury Vabuer, Blyria. Pewxsyiyanta.--De¢. Ries, William Still, Esther Moore, Philadelphia; M. Kk. Délancy, Pittsburg. Exatanp -~-Rey. Josinh Henson, London; also Rey. 1H. H. Gurnet, Dr. Pennington, und Isaac Henson. Travelling Agent: J. F'. Dolbeare. - Cornhill, Boston. 0, the Gloomy Hills of Darkness! Tune :--Siberia. Hark! what means that bitter wailing, Borne on Southern breezes by, (Of despair and sorrow telling ¢ 'Tis the captive's mournful ery. Hear it; Heaven! i Hark! the bondsman's wretched sigh, See! home's tenderest ties are riven, By oppression s cruel power ; Husbands from their partners driven, To increase a tyrant's store, Brothers, Sisters, Parents, meet on earth no more, See, O See! the tear drops streaming Down the mother's sable cheek ; Hope no more is on her beaming, avor cin words her anguish speak. See it, Heaven! 7 | None in vain thine aid shall seek. See! from her embrace they sever Her beloved, her darling child; Allis gone, and that forever, 'The Jast hope whicli on her smiled. Pitying Heaven, ' None in vain thine'aid shall seek. \O, how long, then, God of Heaven, Shall the biceding captive sigh ? When shall Slayery's chains, be riven? Is there not redemption nigh Blessed Saviour, Haste the dawn of Liberty. Lift your heads, ye sons of sorrow, Friendless ye no more shall be; Lift your heads, a bright to-morrow, Cloudless, fair, ye soon shall see. Cease your murmuring, Morning breaks, the shadows flee. "'Zo ! the dauntless friends of freedom Yo our rescue ndw appear; And the God vf of Hosts shall lead them, Radiant hearts unmoved by fear. Soon deliverance Afvie's wretched sons shall cheer. Froim the . Antericun Baptist. ita The following Report, written by Miss Elizabeth Howard, missionary at J ac- me], Haiti, was read at the recent anniver- sary of the New York, Stace Association of "Leachers, and has been forwarded to us for publication in the Baptist: : Education in Maiti. 'Frenps axnp Frentow Tracners:--In vorder to give you a just idea of the state of education in Haiti, it will be necessary for me to mention the different classes of so- ciety, and the: diyerse goyernnyents that have conduced to prepare the sad destiny of the inhabitants of this beautiful island. Before Haiti had seated herself upon the | smoking ruins of St. Domingo--that is be- fore her intrepid children had, with one -aceord broken the chains of slavery and 'thrown them all blood-stained, into the faces of their masters--education was limit- .ed to only a limited class' of those who ywere to act as the founders of a nation. The French colonial slaveholdes, unlike those of our own fair land, acknowledged 'their children that were born slaves 4 and mot only were they free from their birth, 'but in many instances, they received an reducation equal to that of their white bro- 'thers. 'Chese mulattoes were called " col- wred people," to distinguish them trom the blacks, who were slaves, and this dis- tinction is still made between the blacks and mulattoes of this country. For the benefit of the free people of color who were not educated in Europe, several schools were established, in which steading, writing, the first rules of arithme- tic and grammar, and thé Roman Catholic catechism and prayers were taughit. At the dawning of the revolution, Tous- sant L'Ouyerture (Too-sains Lod-ver-ture) appeared as the most extraordinary of the blacks. He had been a slave until forty years of age, and, for his good' conduct had been taught by his master to read and write. He was extremely bigoted, at- tended mass regularly, and being possessed of a good memory, he learned to repeat, many latin phrases which he heard in church. By his extreme cunning and great pretensions to learning, he gained an unparalled influence over the mass of the blacks, and finally received from Na- poleon the appointment of Govemor Gen- eral of the Island. At this time Toussaint L'Ouverture, following the advice of young men of color who had been well educated in Europe, and 'seciny the necessity of pre- paring the country for entire independence, sent two of his sons, and six other young mento France, to receive a liberal eduea- tion at 'the expense of the colonies.' (The descendants of some of these young men are at this time engaged in trying to edu- cate the Haitien youth.) "This extraor- dinary man hid ulso the good sense to re- commend the reading of the Testament in the schools already. ~ established.--Ater the fall of Toussaint L'Ouverture, and his final betrayal into the hands of the French, whom he had so faithfully served, the ab- solute independence of the' island was es- tablished by the united power of the slaves and the men of color, under the commnad of General Dessalines (Des-al-eens) in the 'year 1804, : mallcng.: This ambitious man assumed the reins of government, and aspired to the title of Emperor. His hatred. of the whites was so deadly that he murdered in cool blood all who remained in the country, and enact- edalaw by which no white person could ever possess landed property in the coun- try, or even hold a lease of real estate for more than ten years, which law is still in fore: 7, 5 During his reign the educated part of the population proposed that schools should be established throughout the country, that the rising generation might become 'more civilized and better prepared to con- duct the affairs of the state : but lie invari: ably replied that the parade ground was the best school room for the Haitian, and a gun his best book --DPessalines perished a victim to his own tyranny, and the coun- try was diyided into three parts, That of the North was governed by Henry Christ- ophe, (kris-tof;) that of the West. and South by Alexander Peti on, (Pa-te-on,) and that of the East was under the pro- tection of France. : _ Erom 1807 until 1820, a terrible war raged between the Northern and Westein parts of the country--so that the march of civilization, was greatly impeded, | How- ever, the chief of each part organized such institutions as suited his own particular policy.--Christophe was crowned king un- | der the title of Henry the First, and creat- eda hereditary nobility, syhich class alone he permitted to be educated, ~ For the benefit of this class, several Eng- lish schools were established under the di- rection, of the Rey. Mr. Morton, This monarch held an inveterate hatred io the French nation, and desired greatly tu change not only the manners and cus- toms of the Haitiens, but he determined to change their language, and to make them thoroughly English. The better to ac- complish this purpose, he sent' several youngmen to England, expecting them to return in a few years real Englislimen, and professors of the language. He however, soon received intimation that the young men chose to be idle and vicious rather than to study. He yery coolly remarked, as was his custom whenever he was dis- obeyed, " Cut their heads off. I will send out another company of scholars, who. wil be willing to study." I have frequently met at the north of the island persons who spoke tolerable English, and who said they learned it at the schools of Christophe. Alexander Petion, whom I haye already mentioned as governing at this time the southern and western parts, was a young and well educated mulatto, who conceived the plan of founding a demoeratic republic in Haiti. He only saw in the Haitiens Ins equals and his brethren, and believed that all men are possessed of the same rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of hapiness, without distinction of rank or color. THe encouraged all the schools already in opera- tion, and through the co-operation of the philanthropic Quakers of England, was en- abled to esablish a national free school in every township under his dominion. These schools were taught by some French who had, very fortunately, escaped the massa- ere of 1804, or by intelligent men of color, and were conducted on the Lancasterian system; boys of all classes were received, but preference was given to the sons of just arising, The school houses were owned and fur- nished by government, and the scholars were supplied with maps, paper, pens and ink, slates, pencils and challk, and the teacher was furnished with text books. An annu- al examination of these schools, by a com- mittee on education; was instituted, 'The studies there pursued were reading, writ-| ing, French grammar, and the elements of geogtaphy, mythology, history and arith- metic. Tle rapid progress of the scholars ex- cited the enthusiasm of Petion, and he conceived the plan of profiting by the re- sources left him by the warto ostablish colleges, where the Haitian youth could extend their knowledge, and prepare them- selves to fill different stations of State. Accordingly inthe year 1816, he establish- ed at Port-au-Prince, the National Lyceum, where lads who'had attained a certain de- gree in their studies were received as board- ers, or otherwise, as the circumstances of the pupil required, all at the expense of the government, Pupils were also received at the expense of their parents, if they prefer- red it. The different branches taught in this school were rhetoric and logic in the French language; the Latin, Greek, Eng- lish, and Spanish languages ; philosophy, geography in' detail, with the use of globes: cosmography and' astronomy ; the history of the principal nations of Europe, and national traditions; arithmetic, alge- bra, geometry, trigonometry, and the rudi- ments of statics and mechanics. |In the military department, surveying, fortifica- tion, and sketching, were taught. Dancing and fencing were also considered necessary attainments for this class of youn men. A president: and six professors, either Frenchmen, or natives, graduates at French colleges, conducted this school, at which graduated annually from six to ten young mén zany of hom haye since filled sta- tions of honor and usefulness in the coun- try. The college building was a tine edt | fice, situated on the southeast side of Port- au-Prince, surrounded by a spacious yard, in which appeared shade trees of various kinds, with a fountain and its basin spark- ling in the midst. (Zo be Continued.) NEW YORK THURSDAY SEP. 16, 1852. Jerry Rescue Celebration ! At Syracuse--Lriday October 1. 1852. Tue Firsr Aynyiversary of the Rescue of the man Jrury, at Syracuse, on the Ist day of October, 1851, from the custody of Official Kidnappers, is to be celebrated, That act was the trumpet peal to the Sons of Liberty throughout the world. It was an act which, springing from sacred. yenera- tion for Law, defeated the blasphemous at- tempt. of this nation to " exalt itself aboye all that is called God." It was an act whether regarded as a vindication of the unchangeable law of Justice and Humanity, or in its consequences to the cause of Hu- man Rights, the most sublime in American History., It was the heroism of the Right. It stirred the hearts, and quickened the pulse, of the Friends of Freedom through- out America} and itis fitting that it should be commémorated, in congratulations, in rejoicings, in exultation, in argument and eloquence and 'song. It is fitting that the Ist day of Ovtober be made a Festal Day in the calender of Freedom,'so long' as in America is denied to one hunian being tie exercise of those Rights which are' the free aift of the Almighty Father of us all. Tt stamped forever with reprobation and with execration, the atheistical and piratical doc- trine, that Robbery of Man's inalienable Rights can be Law. To the outraged A- merican Slaye--to the oppressed' Hunga- | rian--to the disfranchised Sons 'of Erin--to | the victims of Might against Right of all lands and all climes, it is' the Star of Hope. It' is a glorious harbinger of " Peace on earth and good will to man"--for there is ereatness, and peace, and happiness, and joy, only where men do to others as they would have others do to them. Tt was the bold and practical assertion of the Truth on which the political redemption of man- kind rests--that Rospery CANNOT BE LAW. Insensible, indeed, to all that makes Hu- manity glorious--to all that links Man to the Divinity--where would the people of New York be, were they to suffer one | Anniversary of this mighty event--an event whose consequences no intellect can | compute--to pass by without such a com- memoration as the great hearts which have sworn eternal fidelity on the altar of Free- dom alone can give. Such beyond perad- venture, this Celebration will be. By di- rection, we fssue this Call, as a response to the deep and irrepressible feeling in the minds of thousands upon thousands of the ' Arrangements will be made, befitting the august occasion, John P. Hale, Gerrit Smith, Lucretia Mott, Wm, Lloyd Garvi- son, Joshua It. Giddings, Frederick Dou: glass, Ernestine L. Rose, are among. the noble names of those whose eloquent tongues will minister to this "feast of rea- son and flow of soul." Others, as heard from, will be announced. If possible, the Ohio Tent will be ob- tained, which will shelter 5,000. persons. In any event, the best possible prepara- tions will be made; well known thal, if need be, the descendants of the men who marked their pathway over the frozeu earth of Valley Forge with their blood, for inde- pendence, can, for one day, suffer the incon- yenience of an " October sun," in commem- orating a practical illustration of the im- mortal Principles: of the Declaration on which that independence was won. Amet- icans dwell with just and exultant pride on the fact. that cargoes of tea were-consign- ed to Boston Harbour, in defiance: of anil to degrade 'a statute in' conflict with their subsequent Declaration of Independence. We now invite the descendants' of: those heroic men to the Celebration of an act which, in its' vindication 'of the 'eternal principles of Right, 'as far transcends that, uoble deed as Man is more valuable then tea... Then, Come One! Come All! to this Jubilee of Liberty, .with joyful hearts, filled with praise and gratitnde to the Giy- er of all good, that the herojie and beautiful Spirit of Freedom is not yet. dead in the hearts of the American People, Syracuse, September 13, 1852. tee W, L. Cranpa, Joun Tnomas; Samue. J. May, THomas G. Witt, Cuas. A. Wurarosx, AvANson, Tuorp, COMMITTEE. ; ' New Postage Lav. The following are the substantial provis- ions of the new law reculating the transmi- sion of printed matter through the mails, which has been enacted by Congress.-- and is to go into Operation on the 30th of Septem- ber inst ;--Newspapers, &e., weighiny 'not over three ounces, to pay one cent 'each, to any part of the United states, or half that rate, here paid quarterly or yearly, in ad- vance, : Newspapers, &e weighing not over 'one anda halfounces, half the above rates when circulated within the state of publication. Newspaper, 'papers and pamphlets of not not Jess than eight ounces to one to be char- ged halfeent an ounce, though calculated by separate' pieces, the postage may amount to more. Postage on all transient matter to be pre- paid or charged double. : Books.' bound, or unbound, of not more than four pounds each, one cent per ounce, under three thousand miles, and two cents over that distance. Fifty per cent, to, prepaid. Weekly newspapers free in the county of publication, oe Bills for newspapers, and receipts for pay- meénts of moneys therefor, may be enclosed in subseribers' papers, lixchanges between'newspaper publishers ree. Newspapers, &e, to be so enclosed that the character can be determined 'without moyeine the wrapper, to have nothing writ- tenor printed on the paper or wrapper be- yond the direction, and to contain im the en- closure uo other written matter than the bill or receipts before mentioned, 'be added where not On The Brain of The Negro, Compared with that. of the. Huropean and the Ourang-outang BY FREDERICK TIEDMANN, M.D. 4 Tt has long been the prevailing opinion among naturalists, that the negro race is inferior, both in organization and intellectual powers, tothe Huropean; and that, in all the points of difference, it exhibits an afp- proach to the monkey tribes. The object of the present paper is to institute a rigid inquiry into the validity of this opinion. Ihe author has, for this purpose, examin- ed an immense number of brains of persons of different varieties of the sexes, of various ages, and belonging to different. varieties of the human race, both by ascertaining their exuct weight, and also by accurate ineasure- ment of the capacity of the cavity of the cranium and has arrivedat the following conclusions. ~The weight ofthe brain of an adult male European varies from 3 1b. 3 02. to 4]b. 11 oz. troy weight: that of the fe- male weighs, on an average, from 4 to 8 oz. lor less than that ofthe male. The brain us- | ually attains its full dimensions at the age of |seven or eight ; and decreases in size in old age. At the time of birth, the brain bears | a larger proportion to the size of the body than at any subsequent period of life, being | then as one sixth of the total weight ; at moré'thad 16 pages, 8yo., in' packages of | 'Negro a very slight difference onl "VOL Th NO.'%.2.\ tof Se ---- -- two' years of age it is one-fourteenth } at three, one 'eighteenth; at fifteen, one twenty-fourth ;-and in the- adult-period, that is, from the age of twenty to that of seventy, it is generally within,the linaits of one thirty-fifth and one forty-fifthy:,. Inthe case ofadults, however, this. proportion, is much regulated by the condition, of the body as to corpulence ;-being in thin per- sons from. one tiventy-second to one twenty seventh, and in fat persons often':only; one fiftieth, oreven),oneshundreth of the total weight of, the body. The, brain. has: been found to be particularly large insome indiyid aals pacts of extraordjnany,mentaleapa- city. No perceptible differenceexists, either in the average weight or the average »size of the brain, in the former than in, the latter. Tu the external form of the, brain es OTL. ,CAD.de traced from that of' the European san E there is absolutely no difference whatsoever in its internal structure, nor does the Negro brain exhibit any greater, resemblance to that of the Ourang-ontane "than the brain of the European, excepting perhaps, in the nore symmetrical disposition of its conyolu- tions. aa » Many ofthe results which the author has thus:deduced from his researches, are' 'at variance with the received opinions relative to the presumed» inferiority of the Negiro structure, both in. the conformation and rel- ative, dimensions of the brain; and. he as- cribes the erroneous notions which have been hitherto entertained on these subject chiefly to prejudice, created by the cireums- tance that the facial angle in the Negrovis smaller than in the European, and conse- quently makes, in this respect, an approach to that of the ape, in whichit is still farther diminished. The author denies that there is any innate difference in the intellectual faculties of these two varieties in the human race ; and maintains that the apparent in- feriority of the Nero is altogether the' re- sult of the demoralizing influcuce of Slsyery, and ofthelong-continued oppression and eru- elty which have been exercised toward this unhappy portion ofinankind, by their more early civilized, and consequently more Suc- cessful competitors for the dominion of the world. Select Medical Library. °°" ul » vie? yaad : z tye wo A Ilzno, or New Orveans.--Mr., Paek- enham, late Minister, at Washington, was one day dining at the residence of Hon. Senator Barrow, of Louisiana, Before dinner, and in the temporary absence of his host from. the room, her, majesty's ambassador was accosted by an old gyey- headed: coloured man, who was. i ii nace ie Ye ts: ie ee partment, 'putting things to rights,' with -- Massa, is you name Packingum? 'Yes,' said the Minister. | 'Was that you bradder dat was killed at Orleans, in dé great bat- tle dar?' 'He was,' replied the Ambassa- dor: * Well. dere !-somehow or nuddet I Vought so! 1 was dar myself. While at dinner, Mr. Packenham: said to' Mr. Bar- row?' * Your man tells me, sir, that he was at the battle of New Orleans, "He was,' said Mr Barrow,' 'and vacquitted himself nobly in thatengagement;' butatthe same 'time he 'looked daggers' at the old 'senes- chal' for: having broached such a subject in the presence of his guest, --' He tellsime, too,' said Mr. Packenham, 'that he saw my brother fall", The frown upon, the host's face grew darker: and the subject was, adroitly, changed. . The next day, 'Sam came in to Mr, Barrow. with a, note : 'Massa, dere's a note, and dey say dat it's for, me..E'yah!e'yah!s And sure enough. it was for him } moreover, it was an, invita- tion to dine the next day with Mr. Pack- enham. which he did, and was, listened to with intense interest while he rehearsed the events of the great battle, 'all of which he saw, and part of which he was.--Anicker- bocker Magazine. : Tau following items are from a 'late Richmond (Va,) paper: Snootina in Kina Gronce.--We per- ceive by Lhe Alexandria Gazette, that the gentleman from whom we received our in- formation had been wrongly informed 'a- bout the shooting of anegro by Col. Tay- loe. 'Lhe negro was shot by Mr. Ball, the overseer, but not killed, Col, Layloe, being in Baltimore at the time. We gave the report.as we received it from 'a gentleman who we know would not intentionally have led us into errop--we allude to Capt B, Darracott, than whom there is no more correct man, who if we are not mistaken, stated to us that he received the informa- tion from a relative of the overseer's, A Scuism has taken place among the Germans in Wheeling, Va., in relavion to revolutionary inovewwents. They lave di- vided into two factious, calling themselves Freemen and Old Liunkers. Lhe Freemen have rallied around Prof. Winkol, and are said to entertain Ue my tf eida ged ideas of liberty, and to | deeded) Abolition tendencies,

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