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Sneath £ A LITERATURE, -- 2 pe womens _ ALEX, M'ARTHUR, Cor, Editor. ¢ DEVOTED 10 ANTI-SLAVERY, TEMPERANCE, AND GENERAL " Self-Reliance ig the Erue 'oad to Endependence." TORONTO, CANADA WEST, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1854. me -- : 4 PROSPECTUS 2 0 t tro. fil i scellanueon S. savage gesticulations of his tribe, and tried | hands was cut. off. He was. seen by the heavy and holy in his thoughts, as of a na- OF THE. BGA AS y Bey: is ae ORY to invoke the hot displeasure of some im- | sapper; who went with him, fighting desper-| tion, and feels the weight and holiness'of his : "PROVINCIAL FREEMAN, | " REV. 8. R. WARD, EDITOR. --_, REY, ALEX. M'ARTHUR, COR. EDITOR. © The Provincial Freeman will . be: devoted . to Anti-Slavery, Temperance and General Litera- ture. The organ of no particular Political Party, it will open its columns to the views of men of different political opinions, reserving the right,.as an independent Journal, of full expression. on all questions or projects affecting epee in a.po- litical way} and reserving, also, the. right to ex- press emphatic condemnation of all projects, hav- ing for their object in a great or remote degree, _ Not committed to the views of any religious "sect exclusively, it will carefully observe the rights of every sect, at the same time that a reser-. vation shall be made in favor of an existing: dif- ference of opinion, as to the views or actions of the sects respectively, ; ai Asan advertising medium, as a vehicle of in- _ formation on Agriculture,--and as' an enemy to vice in» any and. every conceivable : form | and a promoter of good morals, it shall be made worthy of the patronage of the public. M. A. SHADD, Publishing Agent. Office, 5, City Buildings, King Street East) Toronto. Business Directory. _ PPP PIL PAPAL LAA - CHARLES MARCH "* and Paper and Looking Glass, for Sale at the lowest Cash prices. No. 29, King Street West. arena, 10th April, 1854. : ah 'al | no | pce INE ee woe ~~ | And much did I wonder to mark in my dream, \Y) fase S. S. MACDONELL, Barrister, At-. Vil torney at Law, Notary Public, &c., &c., Windsor, C. W. ¥ WARE \ [ESSRS. R. P. & ADAM CROOKS, Bar- risters at Law, Attorneys and_ Solicitors, ~ Wellington Street, Toronto. Cay LEY & CAMERON, Barristers, &c., &c., Office 'Church Street, next door to the Court House. 8 sis Wittum Carney, . ve Marraew Crooxs Cameron, A. B. FGNES, PG} DEALER IN GROCERIES AND CROCKERYWARE, +. No, 314 DUNDAS STREET, : "- LONDON, C. W. » 4 NDREW HENDERSON _ Auctioneer and + Commission Merchant, No. 32, Yonge St, Toronto gin eae eS " . References,---Thomas, Clarkson, Esq., Presi- dent of the Board of Trade; John Robertson, Esq., Messrs. A. Ogilvie & Co,; Messrs. How- ard Fitch; Messrs. D, Crawford & Co. -- _ D. FARRAR, & CO.,-- IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN GROCERIES, WINES, LIQUORS, &e. &. - NO. 15, DUNDAS STREET, LN ae LONDON, C.W. VANKOUGHNET & BROTHER BARRISTERS. Atntorey', &c, &e.--Office' in Church "4 Street, over * The City Bank" Agency, two doors south of St. Andrew's Church. : - CHARLES FLETCHER, BOOKSELLER ann STATIONER, "208s \" No. 54, Yonce Street, -- ALE TORONTO. | 8 heli _ British and American Works imported and for sale at the smallest possible advance upon the $ wholesale prices. ne PUNCTUALITY !! Fa ---- Jd. R. BROWN, 'Late of Philadelphia, -- FASHONABLE BOOT. AND SHOE MAKERS, No 33 King Street West. All work warranted to be dune ina Superior Style. Repairing dune with *neatness and dis: patch. Feet measured on anatousical principles, Toronto, March 18th, 1854. 2 Fashionable Hair Cutting ! T\HE SUBSCRIBER grateful to his. old A patrons,and the public generally, for their past favors, would respectfully invite them 'to visithim at the CITY BATHS, Front. Street, ---- East of Church Street, to which place he has} lately removed, where he will take great pleasure in waiting on all who may favor him with their patronage. in the line of HAIR CUTTING, SHAVING, HAIR CURLING, or SHAM- POOING, | fg Wann and Coup BATHS at all hours._244 WINE WATCHES, JEWMLRY, SILVER ve St. Catharines, Canada ; be, ae eee i ei THOS, Toronto, August 12,1854. _ G_ HARCOURTS | OTHINC "STORE, KING STREET EAST. F, CARY. fY\HE Subscribe thas just received a very 'su- A. -perior assortment of West of England Broad, Cloths, .Cassimeres, Doeskins, T weeds, vesting of the newest pattern and material. Every article belonging to a gentleman's com- plete outfit kept constantly on hand.) 3). ebleaig on GEO. HARCOURT, 11, King Street East, , AT Ar aA mpuE 'undersigned begs'to inform the public generally, 'that he is the wholesale and retail : 0283) | AXE HANDLES, - PICK HANDLES, . "" ADZE HANDLES, ~ BUCK-SAW FRAMES, | SAW-HORSES, &c., made in the best manner... "ma. 13--1m, bom sAlso by the Retail, New BUCK-SAWS, 'of 'the:-best in complete order for service. Also forShaw's Axes ready handled and also handles put into axes and- quality, other tools, af, SMALLWOOD'S Saw Factory: ; Si sie Beet 1 38,9 Se York Street, No. 88. apie. AND. PLATED WARE. sisi 6 ® PARSONS, O° -JMPORTER. and: general dealer, at his 'old I Stand, St. Paul's Street, St. Catharines, C.. W., offers at Wholesale and Retail, every description of Gold and Silver Watches, Jewelry, Silver and Plated Ware, Pocket Cutlery, Razors, Spec- tacles, Clocks, Mirrors, and a great variety of fancy goods. . fy z i pe a A? a Peri g Sotis tas _ «An experienced workman will deyote.his whole tention to repairing Fine Watches and other attention job-work, which will be warranted. MT oN os: oR. BAREONG: : Jeweller,j&c. West. 16. 4s e OUSE Sign gnd Ornamental Painter, Grainer, Glazier anger, Carver, Gilder and Glass Stainer, : ' Mixed Paints, Putty, Enamelled and Plain Window 'Glass | so toll, Gite And risked the destruction of body and soul. prepared to furnish the following articles at From 'the Bristol (England). Temperance. Herald. «© . The Two. Bridges. "A DREAM. Very lately:I saw, ina wonderful dream, ' Two bridges thrown, over a rapid stream ; : In the channel between each rocky shore, The. waters rushed down: with a hideous roar. These.bridges were called, by the voice of the ; nation, | ee Teerora., the.first, and the last, MoperaTton, ~ And both, in my dream, were examined with care, For of diverse materials, and structures they were ; While. I narrowly marked the vast crowds as they passed coe < Over both of those bridges, the first and the last the subversion of the principles 'of the British } Constitution, or of British rule in the Provinces. "The former was built all of'stone, in huge blocks. And had for foundation immoveable rocks; . . The road was fine gravel, the pathway was wide, And a parapet wall was raised up on each side. No toll- gate was there, for the passage was free, No work for ' Rebecca' at all could [ see, And safely the passenger passed in high glee. {heard them all sing, as they passed the wide river, © Teelotal's the bridge--teetotal for ever!" But words cannot utter the doleful relation, Of all that I saw of the bridge Moderation, -- Of all that I heard in my. marvellous dream, And of thousands who perished while crossing 'the stream. > : This bridge, though by many declared to be good ; Nay, the best--was constructed entirely of wood; For, on piles standing upright, the pathway was i made, With planks long and smooth, horizontally laid ; But I saw with surprise, though the stream was BOMWIdE Fw fuer hi ONS ; ; There was no palisado raised up.on each side, To prevent any passenger, passing that way, From plunging down headlong, grim death's certain prey. That the path crossing over this terrible stream, Only right in the middle was perfectly level; | For the' planks, on each side, downward sloped in a bevel ; And the neater they verged to the farthermost shore, Their outermost edges shelved downward 'the _ more. Now, strange to. relate, though this dangerous bridge ar Had nowhere an inch of parapet ridge And the sides were so shelving' and slippery too, Yet multitudes. daily this path would pursue, Notwithstanding they paid a tremendous high It is true, you might cross by the bridge Modera- MONS vee 3 This roaring, wide river, without perturbation, . And only have daily a trifle to pay, ff you kept to the middle and narrow pathway ; | And therefore 'twas held in the highest esteem, As the very best way to pass over the stream. But, alas! I beheld, and my heart was appalled, Though the middle pathway was so highly ex- 'tolled; . So that no one, aT First, from 'its track would decline, . And every one thought he could keep the.right li [ane * * i ' : Yet the bridge, as [ learned, was so strangely en- é chanted, . ere And travellers, by denfons, so fearfully haunted, 'That although they commenced at a moderate RO cl Cree Sak a And paid a small toll at the entrance-gate, Yet many would quickly and:heedlessly stray. . '| To the smooth sloping path, anda higher toll-pay ; For toll-men in numbers were ranged on each % side, { ap 4 i t Where the giddy were noticed to slip or to slide: And, though Strange it may seein, yet the pay- ment increase@® | ee As the hope of escaping destruction was least, Till they paid altogether, 1 happened to hear, In hard sterling cash, Firry MILLIONS a year! - While I stood by this river, both bridges in view, This bridge Moderation, and Teetotal too, And marked the crowds passing, | saw with - Oo aitiehty eh (For though'twas a dream, 'twas a terrible sight,) That while by Teetutal great multitudes crossed Safely over the river--not one being lost; From the bridge Moderation--from each shelving side, : y That fearfally,hung over the perilous tide-- ._ | Many thousands, while heedless or frantic, 'were hurdled | To the dreadful abyss, and the nethermost world. 'Now, shuddering with horror, I thought in my no dreams oS ae That, turning away from this terrible stream, I saw near the chasm, where this dark riverruns, A gray-headed father addressing his sons. ' caste Kas my dear boys,' with emotion he pened, os At the bridge Moderation, so long and so wide, With its slippery planks, shelving down on each pay Ges But mark, I entreat you, that narrow pathway, So level and smooth, and so little to pay, . 'Tis a dangerous road. My dear children,-be- COUWARE, eg aoe death and destruction lurk seeretly there. For 'Tf once on that bridge a sixpence you spénd, Your joyful beginning may fearfully end. Now look at. Teerorau---that bridge of renown, For its fame is re-echoed from city to town, And its friends are now marching with banners Mer iergied es pi ee Ne tien a : Proclaiming its praise:to the end of the world. Then join in theirranks, sign the pledge, my dear Mam Ace: And aie we delight the teetotaller enjoys; For.surely your heart with delight will o'erflow, If. God on your efforts. his blessing bestow, And one fellow-creature be rescued from woe : At first being rescued from vile degradation, ° And afterwards saved with a gospel salvation, Then trust in Him only, seek His promised aid,' And boldly press onward, by nothing dismayed,', 'The father thus spake; and was joyful to find His sons were determined, and all of one mind, In shunning instanter, without hesitation, As deceitful and dangerous, the bridge Modera- tion ; But, in shouting ' Tee-total forever !' they broke. The spell of my/dream, and I quickly awoke. Resolved net to lose such a lesson,--no, never;-- T joined in the ery of,' Trerora Forever!' .. _.Waen You Suoutp Taxy Your Har.-- Young man, a word. We want to tell you when you should. take your, hat and be off And mind what.we offer. Itis: ..... When you are asked to take a drink,. ., When you find out that you are courting an extravagant or slovenly girl. =, .,- When you find yourself in doubtful com- pany:,. When. you discover that your expenses run ahead of your income s_--S ast When you are abusing the confidence of yourfriends. When you think you are a great deal yeh wiser than older and more experienced | people than yourself. | | without commisseration ? _|be the ultimate result. | ed in death. . BIG THUNDER; | Or, the Belvidere Chief. BY L, A. ALFORD. Who can look upon the scattered and wasting condition of the western Indians, A, strange feel- ing characterizes the mind of the enquirer, and the question almost involuntarily arises " who did sin," these nations or those 'that preceded them that they should. waste away before the Anglo Saxon, as snow be- fore the morning sun. No nation possessed more sagacity--more real courage than did the red men of the west; nor could any class of warriors be found that so well. un- 'derstood the various routes through the: country, as did the Indians. Their terriffic war shouts, midnight mode of 'attack, and their facilities for surprise, | were by no means minor considerations; yet with all these advantages they have wasted away before the Pale remnant is left. There have been undoubtedly cruel mur- ders committed by the white people, but: no less by the savages, Whole families have from time to time, and we should say hun- dreds of American families have been wan faces until scarce a | tonly butchered by these western tribes, but still they have increased and advanced, while their enemies have been. driven back farther and farther, until now they have reached a | point, beyond which there is no more ter- ritory. Tf an attempt towards civilization has in any case been secured, they have as steadily diminished as those who have fought their way through, to conquer or die, in the field | of battle. We opine, that there must have been the most barbarous and unprovoked wars among themselves far back in their history; and that the blood of thousands of innocents has cried from the ground for vengeance upon them;.and'the cry has been heard and the extermination of the entire Indian race will Our conjectures | may all be wrong; but with a-few reasons, and we will leave the readep in possession of at least the key to these conjectures, In almost. every section of the western stateg there are evident traces of Indian | battle grounds; and in many of the mounds, the bones of hundreds and thousands of warriors have been exhumed. Upon these mounds, trees of two or. three centuries growth are. waving their luxuriant foliage, which but too plainly declares the blood stained history of Indian 'heroes. 'Throughout. many parts of Michigan, In- diana, Illinois and Wisconsin these evident traces of massacres and blood-shed are visi- ble; but perhaps in no part of the western. states, do these mounds present a more re- markable, and mournful: appearance. than about Belvidere. Here the mighty, of the: Indian warriors | lived, fought, and died. Here mound rises in the vicinity of mound, and though held less sacred, as the repository of. the dead, than the graves of those of our own kindred, yet a kind of sacredness, surrounds these cemeteries which almost forbids the white man in molesting: them. ' A half.a century ago,and Big Thunder, the Belvidere chief, lived in his glory and _ his pride, . All the vast west were his hunting grounds, and Squaw Prairie his'home.. " _ The Winebago tribe, extended from the head waters of lake Michigan, to the Mis- sissippi River, and were indeed a formidable tribe; skilful in war, and mighty in battle. The long line of ancestors, of which Big Thunder could boast, had lived only to be honored in peace, feared. in. war, and lament- He was a descendant of Oshkosh, a cele- brated chief who bravely fought, and fell at the battle of Butte Des Mortz: and though Big Thunder. was but a child at the time;. yet the fire of war burned in his bosom and lit up a blaze against the Sioux, which they could never effectually stifle. - Long 'previous to any American. settle- ment upon the Rock River, Big Thunder dwelt with his tribe during the rigors of win- ter along its heavy timbered course, and when the bland months of returning spring began to vivify and refresh the earth with natures: verdant. green, the chief and his tribe repaired to the beautiful prairie lands, to enjoy cool and refreshing location. . Big Thunder had married a daughter of Red: Wing, and for years had 'been associa- | ted with the chiefs of the tribe in all their /wars and their victories, Waupun a Sioux chief, had made an assault, upon a detached portion of the tribe under the jurisdiction of the Belvidere chief, and a genéral massacre had been determined, Big Thunder rallied all his forces and advanced upon one side of Ruck River, while Waupun_ descended on. the opposite side, ready for battle. Little could be done, unless by crossing the river, and this each of the warriors performed du- ring the dense darkness of night, and. at- tempted to assault their apponents, just at the break of day; but to the surprize of each, they were at as great a distance from ee anticipated massacre as at the previous No sooner had Waupun. discovered the mistake, than he became engrossed in the idea of making an assault upon the unpro- tected village camp of Big Thunder, and if possible put to route the whole tribe. In this he was.successful; for before Big Thun- der understood the new plot, the tents, cab- ins, and wigwams, of the venerable Belvidere chief were in ashes, and his squaw and little ones taken, and the warriors had fled. This was distressing intelligence to Big Thunder, who raved in all the wild and chief of the Sioux nation. a oa Red Wing pacified the Chief, by inform- ing him that the course the marauding party had gone could be easily intereépted, and perhaps the prisoners might be recaptured end restored to their friends. With this, all the warriors agreed, and hasteneti upon their ponies with all possible speed to the anticipa- ted field of slaughter. When the last rays of the Sun were lighting up the western horizon,.by their' lingering tints of vermillion, Big Thunder and his warriors found evident sions of the retreating Sioux, and from certain evi- dences knew that the party were the captors, led by Waupun. VBE - After a general council of war, it- was thought best to proceed at once, and if pos- sible surprise the retreating Sioux before the light of another day. This kind of warfare has ever been a characteristic of the Indian; and just before day is the hour if any, of their attack--so 'on this occasion. i | After their council had assembled eat the facts fully known, it was decided that the ponies should be left in the care of a few of. their number, and that their warriors. }should proceed with their guns, their bows and arrows, and their war clubs, to the scene of anticipated slaughter and blood. Sometime after midnight, Big Thunder discovered. through the sparsely timbered forest, at.-an immense distance, the fire of the retreating victors. i No sooner did he discover it than he shouted "meno me-go-she-wa-gen-¢-to-¢o," --see there the conquerors war-dance: and sure enough, he was right. When any of the Indian tribes, make an advance upon a neighbouring tribe, and are successful in capturing 'any prisoners they usually have a war dance, as soon as they are safe from their opponents, and not un- frequently murder the prisoners outright; and sometimes in acrucl and barbarous manner, and this Big Thunder feared would be the course that would be pursued by the victorious Waupun. Z With the greatest possible stillness and speed, Big Thunder advanced upon the vic-' torious Sioux, and as' they were regailing themselves in the triumphs of war an almost unearthly shout from Big Thunders warriors affriohted and put to flight. their enemies. Every weapon of déath that each posses- sed was successfully used and a bold en- counter ensued, but eventually the banner of victory waved over the Winebago warriors; and the Sioux were routed. Big Thunder hurried to that part. of the ted, to ascertain if possible the condition of the prisoners; but alas! Algonah, Big Thunder's squaw, had been sacrificed and slain ; and not a prisoner remained to herald the terrible news of their slaughter. © With a mournful tread the warriors bore the lifeless body of the affectionate Aleonah to the prairie at Belvidere, where, with much mourning, her'remains were deposited. -- The prarie was for this reason called Squaw Prairie, which name it still bears. Big Thunder took up his residence here and lived many years after with his tribe, believing, as he often said, that the Wine- bagos would yet be triumphant, over all their "enemies, and drive every white man from their lawful hunting grounds, and their prairie | homes. But quite different from this has been their history, ee Big Thunder's time to die came, and he summoned his chiefs to, his cabin, to. give them his last charge. : 5 He ordered that his grave should be made of puncheons, nicely split and dressed, from the trunks of the forest trees; and elevated three or four feet above the surface of the should be made fast, in an upright position with. his face: towards Squaw prairie. A basket of fruit was to be deposited in his lap, his feet and legs only to be covered with earth, and thus they were to let him remain | till the great battle should be fought between the Winebagoes, and the white invaders. In the midst of this eventful battle, and just as bis warriors were gaining the day, Big Thunder, would shout from his grave, " Vic- tory ! Victory ! to the Winebagos," » Big Thunder was buried in his chosen spot, on a beautiful eminence, on Squaw Prairie, in all the pomp, and in the exact manner he had ordained. a 'Time's wheels rolled rapidly on, the white men, like'a flood, filled up the western prai- ries; the last claim, that the tribe of the Belvidere chief held, to western gardens, had been disposed of, and all had gone. The beautiful city of Belvidere rose among the mounds of Squaw Prairie: a splendid Court house now stands within a few feet of his grave. One after one, the bones of the warrior disappeared--the skull of Big Thunder is now in possession of a gentleman in the City of Detroit; others are in various parts of the United States, the puncheons consisting. his grave, are claved to the ground, and the busy hum of business shows the vanity of the prophecy of the Belvidere Chief. A Brave British SoLpier.--The Spe- cial Correspondent of the Zimes, writing from Varna, says:--Captain Burke, of the 88th Regiment, has been pained and an- noyed by the publication, in one of your contemporaries, of a letter purporting to haye been written by his late gallant and lamented brother. Mr, Burke's body was found after the action in which he lost his life with no less than thirty three wounds upon it. The '| Russians had taked his sword-belt, but his sword was found hidden in some long grass close to the corpse. Thering finger of both aginary deity upon the base, and heartless | camp where the war-dance had been institu- |. mound. He then ordered, that his head | waters and shade, | mountains.and valleys of Asia, children. of ately to the last, though surrounded by a horde, of . Russians. him. Two he shot with his revolver, one he ent down with his'sword, the rest turned and fled. While he was encouraging the 'Turks, who were in the stream, to row quietly to the land, and forming them in a line as they landed, conspicuous' as he was in full uniform.and by his white cap cover, a num- her of riflemen advanced from behind a ditch, and took deliberate aim 'at him. Poor Burke charged them with headlong: gallan- try... As he got-near, he was struck b¥ a ball, which broke his jaw-bone; but he rushed on, shot three men dead at close' quarters with his revolver, and cleft two men through hel- met and all into the brain with his sword. He was then surrounded, and while engaged in cutting his way with heroie courage through the ranks of the enemy, a sabre cut from-a dragoon as he went 'by nearly severed: his head from his body, and he fell dead, covered |. with bayonet-wounds, sabre gashes, and | marked with lance thrusts and. bullet holes. The sapper who was with him stood by Mr. Burke: till the last, but could not save him. He is now only recovering from his wound and the effect of his exertions." - ; From Lamertine's History of es Parkey.° or ---- 'pee. PICTURE OF ABDUL MEDJID. ~ © After' having crossed the desert hills which separate Constantinople from Flam- mour, we leaped' from our horses at the bot- tom ofa narrow valley on the bank of a} stream, at a wooded-road crossing, formed by three or four tracks traced on the wet sand. 'We were conducted to the left by the shaded 'path towards an opening, at the bottom of. which we. perceived a small, square house, with a flat roof, pierced by a single window--a kouse much resembling that of a poor curate of our villages in the South of Franee; a staircase of three steps arose from,the side of the path to an exterior rail- ing round the hoase. Beautiful fruit trees planted in the garden, in front of the cottage, threw their shades upon it. Five or six willows, which have given thetr name-to the valley, hung their bratiches over the roof, Before the steps an imperceptible jet of water, which did not rise above the heads of the jasemines, tumbled with a melancholy | sound:as it fell back intoa basin, surrounded with stones, and which served as a reservoir for watering the vegetable garden in front, to which access was had by five or six steps of descent. ee ee "A Turkish gardener inhabited it in his little cabin, at twenty steps' distance from : the kiosk of his Sultan: The gardener and his children went and came at will, spade and water-pot in hand, through the little alleys traversed by the Sultan, as if in théir own little: property, and a thousand miles from Padisha. 'They paid no attention to us; it was, nevertheless, the favorite, kiosk of the Sultan, the place of leisure and study of the Master of Asia, Africa, and a part of Europe, from Babylon tothe Danube, and | from Thebes to Belgrade... We were at his door, and we might well have believed our- selves at the door of a poor recluse, living retired from the world, on an acre of pater- nal soil, in face of a little valley, on the edge of a forest... "Axsput Mxpsm. had not, yet arrived. The peasant keeper of the lodge opened to us a wooden 'gate, directed us to pass, and, conducting us: by the garden; brought us before the door of the kiosk, 'The door was open to admit the fresh air, the breeze. or the sound of the murmuring water as it fell into the basin. glance into the lodge. It was simply an empty hall, of four walls painted in oil, of a} gray color, a pavement in mosaic of stones from the brook, a bench (divan,) covered with white cotton cloth, around the room; a large window, half masked by the enormous trunk of one of the willows; a little basin, murmuring under the drops of a jet of water in the centre of the mosaic floor,--no fur- niture, no ornaments; the cottage was em- bellished by its isolation, its. murmuring Mussulmans born in the shepherds, have brought with them men in- to their palaces, the remembrance, the im- ages, and the passions of their wild, natural country. life; they love it. the more. for its simplicity, and do. not exaggerate it. «A woman, a horse, a gun, a spring, a tree, and you have the five stages of the Paradise of a child of Othman. WP oc i * * » On' entering the kiosk, I looked for the Sultan. He was standing nearly half hidden by the shade between the window and the wall, at the angle of the room the least lighted." " The Sultan, Abdul Medjid, is a young man of six or seven and twenty years, but of an appearance a little older than his years. His carriage is elevated, elegant, fine. "He carries his head' with that gracious ease and. nobility which the length of neck gives to the bust of the Alexander the younger. His features regular, his forehead high, eyes blue, brows arched like the Circassian race, nose straight, lips finely formed and half open; chin, that base of character in the human face, firm and well set. The gen- eral impression is imposing 'and attractive; | you realize that you are in the presence of a man who prefers to be loved than. to be feared. There is timidity and modesty in the look, melancholy in the mouth, and pre- cocious lassitude in the bearing; you see a man who'has thought and suffered before his time. But that which outweights all is a grave and meditative sensibility. One would say that the man carries something When he first, leaped. | on shore from the boat six soldiers charged In passing, we cast a hasty 'nents were so well matched, that it was burden. No youth, no lightness in his ex- pression. It is the. statue of a youthful Pontiff, rather than that of a young Sover- eign. His face inspires a certain softening of the heart... You think, in spite of yourself, there is a man devoted to supreme power, who is youthful, handsome, all powerful, who will be great without doubt; but never free, never divested of care, never happy. He will be pitied and loved, because in: his greatness he sees visibly his responsibility. Itis permitted to every, man in his empire to be happy except himself. The throne. took. him from his cradle. His costume was simple--plain--almost a mourning; a surtout of. dark cloth to his knees, neck un- ecovered, pantaloons of, dark cloth. in large folds over patent leather boots, a. sabre without ornament, with a large hilt. His features alone would have betrayed him toa' crowd.. I felt moved, attracted, softened, by the melancholy air.in majesty. " While I spoke, with him, he turned the hilt. of 'is sabre several times, at the same time that he half.supported himself upon it; he blushed and looked down like a: maiden in ber virtues 74 oN ee "We followed him-to the examination he was about to make of his military youths." . * What-a destiny----perhaps the only one in history, said I on leaving with my friends, {is that: of this young man whom.we have | | just seen--to witness the tion of a nation., . "How many. prayers for him, and in how, | many languages, are raised at the end of each day, which.he. thus devotes to his many duties. - " How many there are who invoke the Master of kinds and nations, that he will be pleased to direct the union of Europe to the East--the Mussulman to the Christian world, in that tolerance and' unity as they are evidently united in heart. . It isnot-suf- ficient, said we, that he should be good and great--he must be King; it is not all suffi- cient to be good, great, sovereign and young. }----he must be understood, loved, seconded by the age in which he lives. Abdul Medjid is all these. May, heaven bless in him the forty millions of people, the conti- nents, the seas, the isles, the mountains, the rivers, which depend upon him." Leigh Hunt : and Thomas Carlyle. The following characteristic story of these two " intellivent gladiators" is related in 'A New Spirit of the Age:" _ i. Leigh Hunt and. Carlyle were once pre- sent among a small party of equally well known men. It chanced that the conver- sation rested with these two, both first-rate talkers, and the others sat well pleased to listen... Leigh Hunt. had said: something | 'about the islands of the Blest; or El Dora- do, or the Millennium, and_ was flowing on in his bright and hopeful way, when Carlyle dropt some heavy tree-trunk across Hunt's pleasant, stream, and banked it up with philosophical doubts and objections at every interval of the speaker's joyous progress. But the unmitigated Hunt never ceased his overflowing anticipations, nor the saturnine Carlyle his infinite demurs to those finite: flourishings. The listners: laughed and ap-| plauded by turns; and had now fairly pitted them against each other, as the philosopher of Hopefulness and of the Unhopeful. The contest continued with all that ready wit and philosophy, that mixture of pleasaniry | and profundity, that extensive knowledge of books and character, with their ready appli- | }cation' in argument or illustration, and that perfect ease and good nature, which dis- tinguished each of these men.. The oppo- | quite clear the contest would never come to an end, But the night was far advanced, | and the party broke up. 'They all sallied | forth; and leaving the close room, the eandles and 'the argument behind them,' suddenly found themselves in presence of a most brilliant star-light night. They all looked up. " Now," . thought Hunt, " Carlyle's donefor!-- he can have no.answer to that!" "There!" shouted Hunt, "look up there! look at that glorious harmony, that sings with infinite voices an eternal song of hope in the soul of man." . Carlyle looked up. They all remained silent to hear what silenced at last--he was a mortal man. But out of that silence came a few low-toned words, in a broad Scotch accent. And who, on earth, could have anticipated what the voice said? "Eh! it's a sad sight!" Hunt sat down on a stone step, They all | laughed--then looked very thoughtful. Had the finite measured itself with infinity, in- stead of surrendering itself up to the in- fluence? Again they langhed--then bade each other good: night, and betook them- selves homeward with slow and serious pace. There might be some reason for sadness, too. That brilliant firmament probably contained infinite worlds, each full of strue- gling and suffering beings--of beings who had to die--for life in the stars imphes that those bright worlds will also be full. of graves: but all that life, like ours, knowing not | whence it came, nor whither it goeth, and the brilliant Universe in its great Movement having, perhaps, no more certain knowlege of itself, nor of its ultimate destination, than hath one of the suffering' specks that com- pose this small spot we inherit. e SINGULAR AnEcDOTE or A THRUSH.-- There is much more intellect in birds than people suppose. An instance of this occur- red the other day, ata slate quarry, belong- 'ing toa friend, from whom I have the narra= tive. A thrush, not aware of the expansive properties of gunpowder, thought proper to that afterwards when the bell was rung work of regenera- | LT AE OEE A : . P 2 build her nest on a ridge of a quarry, in. the very centre of which they were con- stantly blasting the rock. At-first, she was. very much discomposed by the fragments flying in all directions, but she still would not quit her chosen locality; she soon ob- served that a bell rang whenever a train was about to be fired, and that at the no- -- tice the workmen retired to safe positions, -- In a few days, when she heard the bell, she quitted her exposed situation, aud flew -- down where the workmen sheltered them- selves, dropping close to their feet. There 'she would remain until the explosion had taken place, and then return to her 'nest. The workmen observed this, narrated it to their employers, and it was also told to visi- tors who came to visit the quarry. The visitors naturally expressed the wish to wit- ness so curious a specimen of intellect; but -- as the rocks could snot always be blasted -- when visitors came, the bell was rung in- stead, and for a few times 'answered the. |same purpose. The thrush flew down close to where they stood, but she perceived she was trifled with, and it interfered with the process of incubation; the consequence was, ) ee would peep over the ledge to ascertain if the Ne workmen did retreat, and if they did not, she would remain where she was, 'probably saying' to herself--* No, no, gentlemen, 'm not to be roused off my egos merely for a your amusement."-- Cor. London Dispatch. 1S = Se 3 ih Tur Czar as oe Miuzrary Man.-- ; People will remember that Nicholas, when -- vat Varna, prudently kept his. steamer out of the reach of the Turkish guns. Marshal Diebitch undertook the command. on condi- -- - tion that neither the Czar nor his brother -- should, remain in Turkey. Since thea -- Nicholas has yielded to the conviction that he is not able to conduct a war, and so he has contented himself with commanding at reviews, and this he does with delight and ~ fanaticism, He identifies himself with such manceuvres so well, that he takes them for ~ actual engagements. He takes off iis hele met ence and cries out, * Boys, God for us; into the fire!" Another time /he gives his aid-de-camp an order to carry, and forget- ting that there was no danger, he says, "Fieht your way through; care not. for | your family, I will provide fur them." Obli- ged to surrender St. Petersburg, he puts in : this clause in the capitulation, that " The winter palace and Imperial family shall be preserved; if not, he will fight to the last: drop of. hig blood |)? 8 #4 o* Ag night he gives orders that the alarm shall not be sounded before 80'clock in che morn- ing, yét to send him reports every hour, He wraps himself up in his cloak, and slum- bers, 'Lhe General who has to send Teports -- has them all in readiness, and goes to hed, ordering a paper to be taken every hour from his table and carried to the Emperor, Once the Czar killed a great many horses }in searching for the enemy, whom he could _ /not meet with. He calls the commander of the detachment, and says. to him, " Why did I not see you--were you afraid ?" bs have neither cavalry nor artillery. I must 'keep in the forest,"' answered the General, . The Czar arrested him, and the Geneval who. succeeded him, in order to avvoid the same: fate, drove the division before the eves of | the Czar, suffered himself to be beaten, but. escaped the anger of His Majesty. And such an Emperor is to conquer the world! @& oe Cronstapr.--The following description of Cronstadt, given in a Berlin journal, 'al- though incomplete, may not be uninteresting. at, the present moment :-- Cronstadt is situated on the island of Kosline, at the Fay eastern. corner of the Finland Gulf.. The island, about one and a-half English miles long and proportionately narrow, is close to. the mouth of the Neva, and may be regarded. as the port. of St. Petersburg, whence it is distant about eighteen miles (English), The town, which owes its foundation to Peter the Great, contains about 30,000 inbabitants, and is intersected by the Peter and Cath.' -erine canals. On the northern side of the island stands the powerful Alexander ram-_ parts, _cqnstructed of: solid, granite, blocks and armed with heaviest guns. On the southern flank of this is the harbour, the «| channel to which is defended by the citidel, -- he would say. They began to think he was | erected on a rocky foundation, and on the opposite side by the Kronslot fortress. Properly speaking, there exist three har-._ 'bours for ships of war within the island, with -- docks, arsenals, building yards, and soforth. . | A fourth and smaller harbour for mercantile vessels likewise exists within the defences. The old Menschikoff palace has long: been. converted into a foundry, arsenal, and school for pilots. 'The Marine Hospital is arranged for 2,600 patients. In order to diminish -- dangers that may occur from fire, all wooden constructions have been pulled down, and all superfluous stores removed." seed @ @> faw- Preuing and Borine Porators.-- The loss of the most nutricious portion of the potatoe is' incurred by peeling off the ~ rind and parts directly underneath, as in -- those the nitrogenized matter (but no stareli) chiefly reside, which are dissolved by cold water and coagulated by water while bvil- ing. _ If potatoes, therefore, are thrown into cold water, and heated, much of their nitro- genized principle will be extracted before the water reaches the point of ebillution; whereas, if it be made to boil before they are introduced, the coagulation will cause thé matters to be retained within the tissue -of the vegetables lying contiguous to the rind. : : The best way to cook potatoes is to steam them ; an old iron pot, with a close lid and a little water will do the business,