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SAMUEL R. WARD, Editor. ALEX, M ARTHUR, Cor. Editor. RUB. « Self-Reliance ig the True Road to Lndependence." TORONTO, CANADA WEST, SATURDAY ? AUGUST 5, 1854. DEVOTED. TO ANTFSLAVERY, TEMPERANCE, AND GENERAL LITERATURE. ~PROSPECTUS PROVINCIAL FREEMAN, REV. S. R. WARD, EDITOR. REY. ALEX. M'ARTHUR, COR. EDITOR. The Provincial Freeman will be devoted to Anti-Slavery, Temperance and General Litera- ture. The organ of no particular Political Party, it will open its columns to the views of men of different political opinions, reserving the right, as an independent Journal, of full expression on all_ questions or projects affecting the people in a po- litical way; and reserving, also, the right to ex- press emphatic condemnation of all projects, hav- ing for their object in a great or remote degree, the subversion of the principles of the British Constitution, or of British rule in the Provinces. Not committed to the views of any religious ~sect exclusively, it will carefully observe the rights of every sect, at the same time that a reser- vation shall be made in favor of an existing dif ference of opinion, as to the views or actions of the sects respectively. As an advertising medium, as a vehicle of in- formation on Agriculture,--and as an enemy to vice in any and every conceivable form and a promoter of good morals, it shall be made worthy of the patronage of the public. M. A. SHADD, Publishing Agent. 'Office, 5, City Buildings, King Street Kast, 'Toronto. Se : .. JOB PRINTING ! HE PROPRIETORS of the PROVIN- CIAL FREEMAN would inform. their friends and the public, that their Office is supplied with all the requisites for the execution of every description of JOB PRINTING, iu the best and handsomest style, with accuracy and despatch. They would, also, respec fully solicit a continuance of that patronage heretofore extended to Mr. STEPHENS, its former owner; fully expecting that the Office 'will centinue to maintain the high character it has deservedly acquired under the very efficient manage- ment ofthat gentleman. © : : Cards, Labels, Handbills, Show Bills, Circulars, Bill Heads, Check Books, Bank Books, and every other des- eription of Letter-press Frinting, at the Office of the PRO- VINCIAL FREEMAN, on reasonable terms. _ Business Directory. IPR. S. S. MACDONELL, Barrister, At: Vii torney at Law, Notary Public, &c., &c., Windsor, C. W. WV ESSRS. R; P:& ADAM CROOKS, Bar- risters at Law, Attorneys and_ Solicitors, Wellington Street, Toronto. AYLEY & CAMERON, Barristers, &c.,' &c., Office Church Street, next door to the Court House. WivtuamM Cayrey, Marrnew-Crooxs Cameron. : Fashionable Hair Cutting ! HE Subscriber grateful to his old patrons, and the public generally, for their past favors, would most respectfully invite them to visit him at No. 68 King Street Wrest, two doors Kast of Ellah's Hotel, were he will take - great pleasure in waiting on all who may. wish to be Operafed upon, iw the line of either HAIR CUTTING, SHAVING, HAIR CURLING, or SHAMPOOING. THOS. F. CAREY. Toronto, March, 16, 1854. DEALER IN GROCERIES AND CROCKERYWARE, No. 314 DUNDAS STREET, LONDON, C. W. D. FARRAR & CO. IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN - GROCERIES, WINES, LIQUORS; &c. &c. NO. 15, DUNDAS STREET, ONDON, C.W. CHARLES MARCH JPIOUSE Sign end Ornamental Painter, Grainer, Glazier and Paper Hanger, Carver, Gilder and Glass Stainer. Mixed Paints, Putty, Enamelled and Plain Window Glass and Looking Glass, for Sale at the lowest Cash prices: : No. 29, King Street West. Toronto, 10th April, 1854. 4 VANKOUGHNET & BROTHER BPARRISTE RS, Atntoreys, &c. &c.--Office in Church Street, over "* The City Bank"? Agency, two doors south . of St. Andrew's Church. CHARLES FLETCHER, BOOKSELLER ano STATIONER, No. 54, Yonce STrReEer, ; TORONTO. British and American Works imported and for sale at the smallest possible advance upon the wholesale prices. A NDREW HENDERSON, Auctioneer and AY Commission Merchant, No. 32, Yonge St., Toronto. References,--Thomas Clarkson, Esq., Presi- dent of the Board of.Trade; John Robertson, Esq., Messrs. A. Ogilvie & Co.; Messrs. How- ard Fitch ; Messrs. D. Crawford & Co. PUNCTUALITY ! ! BROWN & FLAMER, Late of Philadelphia, -- FrASHONABLE BOOT AND SHOE MAKERS, No 33 _ King Street West. All work warranted to be done ina Superior Style. Repairing done with neatness and dis- patch. Feet.measured on anatouical Heiney ies: "Toronto, March 18th, 1854. - G HARCOURT'S CLOTHING STORE, KING STREET EAST. . .; HE. Subscribe. thas just received a very su- ae perior assortment of West of England Broad Cloths, Cassimeres, Doeskins, T weeds, Vesting of the newest pattern and material. Every article belonging to a gentleman's com- plete outfit kept constantly on hand... O. HARCOURT, _11, King Street East. ma. 13--1m, = NOTICE. APHE undersigied 'begs"to inform the public generally, 4. that he is prepared to furnish the following articles at the wholesale and retail : ee4 AXE HANDLES, PICK HANDLES, - _ ADZE HANDLES, BUCK-SAW FRAMES, __ SAW-HORSES, &c., made in the best manner. "Also by the Retail, New BUCK-SAWS, of the best ality, incomplete order for service. Also forShaw's Axes ready handled and also handles put into axes and other tools. ye 7G igs - T. SMALLWOOD'S Saw Factory, .. ee ' York Street, No. 35. FINE WATCHES, JEWELRY, SILVER _ «6 AND PLATED WAR:, ies F. PARSONS, TMPORTER and general dealer, at his old LP stand, St. Paul's Street, St. Catharines, C. W., Offers at Wholesale and Retail, every description of Gold and Silver Watches, Jewelry, Silver and Plated Ware; Pocket Cutlery, Razors, Spec- tacles, Clocks, Mirrors, and a great variety of fancy goods. $s 33 , a Ee ce workman will devotehis whole ghention Jo repairing Fine arches and other job-work, which will be warranted. _ jo ork, 7 ae F. Pp ARSONS, % 2 4 Wg, 8 set Siena - 8S Jeweller, &c. -- St. Catharines, Canada West. s iG. | vated. Poetry. MS 2 _ Stanzas for the First of August. BY J. M. WHITFIELN, From bright West Indies' sunny seas, Comes 'borne upon the balmy breeze, The joyous shout the gladsome tone, Long in those bloody isles unknown; Bearing across the heaving wave The song of the unfettered slave. No charging squadrons shook the ground, When freedom here her claims obtained ; No cannon, with tremendous sound, The noble patriot's cause maintained : No furious battle-charger neighed, No brother fell by brother's blade. None of those desperate scenes of strife, Which mark the warrior's proud career ; The awful waste of human life, Have ever been enacted here ; But truth and justice spoke from heaven, And slavery's galling chain was riven. *T was moral force which broke the chain, That bound eight hundred thousand men; And when we see it snapped in twain, Shall we not join in praises then ?-- And prayers unto Almighty God, Who smote the earth the tyrant's-rod ? 'And from those islands of the sea, The scenes. of blood and crime and wrong, The glorious anthem of the free, Now swells in mighty chorus strong ; Telling th' oppressed, where'er they roam, Those islands now are freedom's home. Miscellaneous. LRA Farming in Palestine. Drow DP LDL LLP III _.S. W. Jones, Esgq., of Pittsfield, Mass., who is labouring to ameliorate the condition of the Jews, has written home to Dr. Reed's Culturist and Gazette an interesting letter, descriptive of the geology and agriculture of that part of the eastern coast of the Mediter- ranean. He says that its. surface rocks be- long to the chalk formation; and that the soil is naturally fertile, but wretchedly culti- The plains of Sharon appear to. be elevated table-land, having an abundance of lime, in the form, primarily, of minute shells--characteristic of chalk--and valuable for raising grain. Mr. Jones' letter bears date January 21, 1854, in which he gives the following interesting information: "The plains are chiefly used to raise grain upon, and to pasture flocks and herds upon. The appearance now is much as our river lands and plains are about the forepart of June. The wheat is trom six to twelve inches high; barley is sown before and after wheat, and is of different ages. Dhura and sem sem is not yet sown. Sem sem bears a seed of a nature somewhat like a flaxseed, and looks a good deal like a red pepper seed, only larger, and is used to make lamp-oil-- There is nothing like a fence or hedge around the grain fields, and all the land not occupied for tillage is one common pasture ; but, as in the days of old, no creature of any kina is allowed to run at large--all are under the care of the shepherds, and at night they are driven home into the fold. The first persons that we see stirring in the morning are the cattle tenders, "going forth with their flocks," and all day long they can be seen scattered in every direction over the plains, "tending their flocks," precisely as we read of in the days of the patriarchs.-- The wheat is ripe in May, and before this time the rains are over, and there is no need of barns; so the grain is cut and piled up till they take a notion to thrash it, when a place is smoothed off on the ground, and the grain thown on and oxen driven over it till itis pounded up fine, and then is thrown against the wind, put into sacks and carried to market, full of every thing that can make it foul; and then people whose business it is take it and sift it on the ground in the street, when it is ready for grinding. If this land was not as rich asthe garden of Eden, they would not in the way they cultivate it, get their seed. Their ploughs do not make a larger furrow than our cultivators; and what is more, they only "cut and cover: " they go round a land, or back and forth on the same, just as it happens--as their plough turns.a furrow both ways, it makes no dif- ference. Their yokes are simply a straight stick, with two pins for a bow, with a string tied across the ends under the neck; and it looks, a little distance, just like a long, low saw-horse, or a saw-bench. 'They use the same yoke for an ox, mule, or donkey; and they are not at all particular about working two animals of the same kind together--an oX or an ass, or an ox, a mule, or a cow is just as well as any way--the same gear fits all. In the neighbourhood of Jaffa are some of the best gardens for oranges, lemons, pomegranates, melons, dates, bananas, etc., that can be found in the country--perhaps in any country. These gardens have to be watered during the dry season, and all the water is raised from the wells. The well is dug on the highest place in the garden, and the water raised into a pool by a crazy ap- paratus, turned by a mule hitched to.a sweep, where it stands till it becomes warm enough to use, when it islet on to the garden by channels made for the purpose. By water- ing in the dry season, vegetables can be grown all the year round, and two, three, or four crops can be produced on the same ground in a year. All things grow very quick. Early Indian corn has been raised fit for eating in seven weeks from planting, and wheat has ripened in sixty days from sowing. The orange trees, and also the lemons and pomegranates, require to be watered through the summer months, in or- der to have them produce any good fruit.-- Figs, grapes, and olives are not much raised in these gardens--they do best on the moun- tains and rocky places--precisely the oppo- site of what the products of these gardens want. during the summer, is the place for them. They say here that if grapes have much water they mildew. May we not have given our grapes and gooseberries too much water or too weta place? 'The oranges here are something that we, in Massachusetts have never seen. I wish I could send youa tree with its load hanging to it. They are so full that they are literally bottom upward, resting on the props. They grow here some- times that will weigh one and a half pounds. I have seen pound ones, and I should think that I had seen them that were still larger ; but it is not the largest that are the best or the most beautiful. Their greatest beauty is in their colour and number, contrasted with the deep green of the leaves. In many places on the trees they are so. thick as to make cne solid mass, with only room for the leaves to stick out between them. It is in time of gathering during the months of November, December, January, and Febru- ary, and soon the trees are in* blossom again. oo Robberies among Bees, As IJ cannot give all the details relative to bees robbing, I will venture a few hints, without all the reasons which dictate them. Bee-keepers, not understanding their busi- ness, are liable to considerable losses. Rob- beries are more frequent in spring than at other seasons; yet bees will often be trespassing' at any time in warm weather when honey is scarce in the flowers. One of the greatest difficulties is the fact that but very few persons can tell when bees are being robbed; it is the most difficult of any- thing about the apiary. Repeated, close and patient observation alone can decide at the commencement. _It is generally sup- posed that whenever the bees are outside the hive fighting, that they are also robbing, usually; instead of this being the case, it in- dicates a strong colony, and a_ disposi- tion. to defend themselves against all intru- ders, Strong families are in but little dan- ger. I never knew a successful attack on such a stock at the commencement. A weak hive or refuse honey must first get up an appetite for pillage before any serious result will follow. It being much easier to prevent a commencement than to arrest it afterwards, it seems necessary to know the -real condition of all stocks, especially in the spring. Some cool morning, raise the hive till the bees belonging to it may be seen-- take a thorough view, even if the hive is to be turned bottom up; if the clusters be large, extending through nearly all the comb, not much danger need be apprehend- ed; but should it be small, some care will be requisite. Strong stocks will be quite sure to find out weak ones and carry off their stores. 'To prevent which, as far as practicable, close the entrance, leaving only room for one bee to pass at a time. Should an altempt be made, they will be able to repel it much easier than if several could enter at once. Without this precaution, (and sometimes with it,) in extensive apiaries, very soon after the weak stock is discovered by its most powerful neighbor, the hurry and bustle attending the removal of the spoil is discovered by others, who will join in the plunder. Perhaps a dozen or more will be engaged in half an hour. Hence the necessity of knowing which the weak stocks are, to give them this advan- tage. It is a bad practice to allow too much room for egress, even to moderately strong families. We will now endeavor to point some of the indications of robbing, as even these precautions may not always prevent an at- tack, although it is usually all-sufficient. Now, instead of interfering with a stock (further than the contraction of the en- trance) that has already set up a defiance by combattne with their assailants, and -will nine times in ten need no assistance, our attention should be given to the weak ones that may be plundered entirely with- out the least show of resistance. The first thing to: be noticed will be an unusual num- ber of bees apparently at work--and yet it may be the young bees that take a turn of exercise a little after the middle of every fair day; their motions when leaving the hive are so nearly the same as robbers, that an experienced eye alone can tell which it is; but.this bustle of young bees will not last over an hour. When the hive assumes its usual quietness visit it again, and if you find the commotion increased, it is time to interfere by closing the hive at once. You ean then let them out towards night, for the robbers to return home; or, if there are enough about, equal to those belonging to the stock, you:may retain them as prison- ers; and compel them to join the weak hive. All that appears necessary is to confine them two or three days; they forget home, and add considerable strength to the family. If too few are enclosed, they are killed. All pillaging commences on our first real warm, pleasant day--seldom otherwise. If your bees have been neglected through the day, visit them after sunset of such days; robbers will work long after honest laborers are at home. To break up the habit; it is probably the least trouble to close the hive with some contrivance to admit a little air, and take them to some cool, dark, place, un- til at least two or three warm days have passed, and the robbers cease to look for it, when it may be returned to the old stand-- they will be uneasy and try to bite their way out when left out doors. This remedy is preferable to many others, such as break- ing the comb, &e. Removing the hive to some other stand after the bees have marked the location, is a ruinous practice, unless taken a mile or more. Where but one stock is engaged, by changing the stand A dry, stony soil, without water with the weak one, as. has been recom- mended, will often have a good effect, but where a number are etigaged, which is near- ly always the case, it is absolutely imprac- ticable. Spring is the only time that we are excusable for letting our bees remain weak enough to be plundered; it is then that they should all form steady, industrious habits, but like man, when strong enough to take by foree what is not their own, and the habit of living onthe labor of others once established, it i8 séldem--thorcush! fon) : ; Zea eradicated, or honest labor relished after- wards.-- Country Gentleman. = The Mormons in California. It is not yet three years since the Mor- mons settiledin San Benardino. Thenit was a mere range for cattle; but by organized industry and well-directed labour, it has now become one of the most important and fruitful portions uf the State. And the sys- tem which prevails among them in political matters of voting one way--of uttering their sentiments as by the voice of one man, will, with their increasing numbers, give them great power. They are neither Whigs nor Democrats, and their practice is to go for their friends. . By their unity in this respect they are destined, in close contests, to con- trol elections. On a first visit among them, one is struck with the stillness and apparent dulness of the place; but this arises from the order of labour which their system imposes upon every member. There are no idlers; every one must produce according to his capacity ; and all their labours go on in the most sys- tematic manner. Every one you meet walks as if he was upon business. Some are ditching for the irrigation of the land; some are cutting timber in the mountains; others are hauling it to the plain; some are culti- vating the fields; some are looking after stock; some are building; some trading.-- Every one is doing something with a view of permanent utility. Their property is not held in common, but the church and each individual is benefitted by the labours of all the rest. So far as industry in the develop- ment of the resources of their lands is con- cerned, there is not acommunity in the State that can compete with them. The rancho is situated at the mouth of the Cajon Pass, and all the travel hence to Salt Lake passes through the city. In the Cajon there is abundance of water for mills and for irrigation, and it is earried over the bottom lands in every direction, and will be brought through every street of the new city. The old fort, with its ungainly proportions, will soon be abandoned. The new city, which is located a little to the east of it, 1s surveyed, and the lots are now offered for sale at an average price of one hundred dol- lars. There are already two or three hand- some buildings erected, and several more are in progress. Bishop Crosby is about erecting a large hotel, which he means shall be an ornament to the city. The Mormons never go to law, and it is very evident that they do not wish any out- siders to come among them for that purpose. They have an aversion to lawyers as stirrers up of litigation. No case has ever yet come before the State courts in which the Mormons were parties. All their difficulties are set- tled in-the "Bishop's Court,' where each party choses a referee, and their decision is final. They have no jail, and when they find a criminal, they put him in chains and set him to ditching or some other public im- provement. It does aman no good, they say, to confine him; besides, ccnfinement. is an expense to the community, and they can- not afford to support any man in idleness. There are many intelligent men and wo- men among the Mormons; and if we are to believe them they are the most happy com- munity in the world. No thieves, no jails, no rowdies, no grogshops--they serve the Lord in all their daily labours. The inter- est of the church is part and parcel of every contract. They hold on with great tenacity to the tenets of their faith, and to the reve- lations of the prophet Joseph, and have ever been ready to suffer for their faith's sake. We put them down as polytheists--be- lieving, however, in a great First Cause-- They regard Adam as the God or governing' spirit of the planet. 'Their belief in a state of future rewards and punishments, as ex- plained to us, is this: that by a strict ad- herence to, and faithful performance of, all the requirements as revealed to them by the properly delegated authority (what they term "obeying council"), they will reach a "state of exaltation" m a future world.-- In other words, will be made "kings and rulers over principalities and powers; " their wives and children being sealed or married to them in this world, as also their children's children unto the latest generation, thus en- abling them to stand with dignity among the just and perfect, as head and ruler of a great generation. This is their chief "ex- altation." The neglect of duty and of the practice of the cardinal virtues in this world is punished by witnessing the elevation of old associates, while they are compelled to move in a subordinate and subservient ca- pacity. They believe that, after death, they are reunited to their wives and families, and occupy the same positions and engage in the pursuits on this sphere that they did while in the flesh. They found their practice of polygamy upon the necessity of increasing their fami- lies, and this doctrine is strenuously advo- cated by intelligent ladies. But we will give these ladies the benefit of this remark, however sincere they may have been in their advocacy of this doctrine with us, they allow no divided affection in their own houses. These ladies proclaimed polygamy as a beautiful conformity to the laws of God. The happiness and unity of this people, as related to us by the few we were-able +o converse. with, gave us pleasant impressions ; but we could not help thinking that, could we have mingled with the masses and listen- ed to their tales, we might have heard things not so favourable. Polygamy may be gogd for population, but we do not believe it in- creases human affection, nor ddes it dovclope | the "sweet little courtesies'? which render social life agreeable. Mormonists may be good, but we believe in something better. --Los Angeles Star, May 20. Tell Your Wife ! Yes, the only way is, to tell your wife Just how you stand. Show her your balance- sheet. Let her look over the items. You think it will hurt her feelings. No, it will not do any such thing. She has been taught to believe that money was with you, just as little boys think it is with their fathers--terribly hard to be reached, yet inexhaustible. She has had her suspicions already. She has guessed you were not as prosperous as you talked. But you have so befogged your money affairs that she, poor thing, knows nothing about them. Tell it right out to her, that you are living out- side of your income. Take her. into part- nership, and 1'll warrant you'll never regret it. 'There may be a slight shower at first, but that's natural. - Let her see your estimate; when you come home again she will show youw that you have put her bills too high. True, she had rather a costly bonnet last winter, but it is " just as good as ever; a few shillings will provide it with new strings, and refit it a littlke--the shape, she says, is. almost ex- actly as they wear them now." And you will be surprised to see how much less ex- pensive she can make your own wardrobe. She will surprise you with a new vest--not exactly unfamiliar, somehow looking as if in another shape you had seen it before--yet new as a vest, and scarcely costing a dollar, where you had allowed five. Old cravats will experience such a renovation in her hands, coming out so rejuvenated, that no- body but those who are let into the secret would suspect that they are old friends in new shapes. 'The dressing-gown you were going to buy--out of what forgotten chest she has gathered the materials you cannot imagine--but there itis, comfortable and warm, and just the thing you wanted for the long winter evenings that are coming on as fast as the almanac will let them. You will find a wonderful change in her tastes and appetites. Whereas, she always fancied what was a little out of season, or just coming into the market--now if beef is dear, she thinks " boiled mutton is delight- ful--as tender as a chicken." If lamb rises, and fish are plenty, she thinks "a striped bass, or a fried sole, good occasionally." Before you have thought much aboutit, you will find yourself spending your even- ing at home--and such evenings, too! so full of domestic enjoyment, and _ fireside pleasures, that you will look with wonder cn the record of last year's expenses, and marvel that you found time or relish for the costly entertainments that so seriously taxed your pocket. If, like too many, your out- goes threaten your incomes, be sure to tell your wife of it. Notina tone and manner that will lead her to think you don't want her to buy what is really necessary for win- | ter, but just as if you' wanted a counsellor | in the day of your trouble. And if she does not come up, heart and soul, and most successfully, to your relief, put me down for no prophet Eachange. . Mountains in the Moon. It is an ascertained fact, that there are two classes of lunar mountains. The first consists of isolated, separate, distinct moun- tains of a very curious character. The dis- tinguishing characteristic of these mountains of a very curious character, The distin- guishing characteristics of these mountains is this--they start up from a plain quite suddenly. On the earth it is well known that mountains generally go in ranges or in groups; but we find these isolated lunar mountains standing up entirely apart, never having been cennected with any range.-- The one named Pico is 9000 feet high; this mountain has the form of an immense sugar loaf; and if our readers can imagine a fairly proportioned sugar loaf 9000 feet in height, and themselves situated above it, so as to be able to look down upon its apex they will have an approximate idea of the appearance of Pico. 'There are many other mountains of similar description scattered over the moon's surface; and these mountains not on- ly stand apart from each other, but, what is still more remarkable, the plains on which they stand are but slightly disturbed. How singular, then, the influence which shot the mountain up 9000 feet, and yet scarcely disturbed the plain in the immediate neigh- bourhood! The second class of lunar ele- vations consists of mountain ranges. Now, this is the principal feature of the mountains on earth. 'This phenomenon is also found in the moon, but there is the exception; on- ly two principal ranges are found, and these appear to have been originally one range. One is called the Appenines. It is. so well seen, that just as the line of light passing through the moon you will think it is, gener- ally speaking, a crack in its surface; but a telescope of ordinary power will at first manifest it to be arange of mountain. The lunar A ppenines may be compared with the loftiest range of mountains upon earth. It is 18,000 feet high and there is another 'condition to the third wearer,--who pre- | of some Lord Pembroke, who had paid tions have at least corrected this with us, so 'suitable to our individual rank.--Jf Le- range still higher, raising 25,000 feet above its base. In this feature, then, the moon corresponds with the earth, but with this differenee--what is the rule on earth, is the exception in the moon, © ie Music at Home. | Music serves to make home pleasant, by engaging many of its inmates in a. delight- IU LeCrCavivn, ana was atop eit at ness and gloom which frequently arise from petty disputes, from mortified vanity, from dicontent and envy. It prevents, for the time at least, evil thoughts and evil speaking, and tends to relieve the minds of both per- formers and hearers from the depressing effects of care and melancholy. Young peo- ple need and will have amusements. If an innocent and. improving kind be not. provi- ded at home, they will seek elsewhere. -- If they find places more agreeable to them than their homes, those homes will: be de- serted ; and thus the gentle and holy influ- ences which ought to encircle the family fireside, will be in a great. measure lost. "For surely melody from heaven was' sent To cheer the heart, when tired with human strife ; To soothe the wayward heart, by sorrow rent, And soften down the rugged road of life!" Let parents, therefore, take pains to en- courage and gratify a taste for music in their children, and it will amply repay them for 'so doing. ; ; Water where it is Wanted. The manner in which the Creator has provided a supply for the thirst of man in sultry places, is worthy of admiration. - He has placed amidst the burning sands of Africa a plant, whose leaf, twisted round like a cruet, is always filled with a large glassful of fresh water; the gullet of this cruet is shut by the extremity of the leaf itself so as to prevent the water evaporating. He has planted in some districts. of the same country a great tree, called by the negroes Boa, the trunk of which, is of a pro- digious bulk, is naturally hollowed like a cis- tern. In the rainy season it receives its fill of water which continues fresh and cool in the greatest heats, by means of the tufted foliage which crowns its summit. In some of the rocky islands in the West Indies, there is found a tree, called the water hanne, so full of sap, that if you cut a single branch off it, as much water is immediately dis- it is perfectly pure and limpid.--St. Peerre's Studies of Nature. Price of Woman's Love. A man who had struggled with a. malig- nant disease, approached the crisis on which his life-seemed to depend. Sleep, uninter- rupted sleep, might ensure his recovery.-- His anxious. wife scarcely able to breathe, was sitting by his bed ; her servants exhaust- ed by constant watching, had: left her. It was past midnight--a door was open for air ; she heard in the. stillness of the night, a window open below stairs, and 'soon. after approaching footsteps. A moment more, a man with his. face disguised, entered the room. She instantly saw her husband's dan- ger, anticipating the design of the unwel- come stranger, she pointed to her husband, and pressing her finger to her lips to implore silence, held out to the robber her purse and keys. To her surprise he took - neither, whether he was:terrified or charmed by her courage or her affection, cannot be: known. He left the room, without robbing a home sanctioned by such strength of affection. - © A FreNcHMAN'S Opinion. OF ENG- LsH Dress.--Black coats are in Lon- don, the uniform of respectability. It is for this reason that the coat which has been only half-worn out, finds eager purchasers at the second-hand shops. It is again sold when the buttons are worn, and it is in a sad fers this cast-off apparel of a gentleman, to the comfortable blouse he might buy for the same money. Indeed, the history of an English black coat, would make a tale at once comic and philosophic. The coat should be at first. introduced upon the back seven guineas for it. From him it should pass in a fortnight to his valet; from his valet to a city clerk, and from the city clerk to the crossing-sweepers, who works at the immediate risk of being kicked by the same | Lord Pembroke's horses. The coat, through- out this journey, should here lose a button, and there get a hole; be shortened for one, and elongated for another wearer. At last we may notice the tatters of it in the hands of maid-servants, who are polishing grates, and from them transferred to the rag mer- chant. - The story of the black coat is also the story of the lady's dress, which descends by degrees from the drawing-room to the gutter. That which particularly shocks a Frenchman in London, is the spectacle of servant maids, kneeling upon thair master's | house steps, in bonnets that were once vel- vet ; but are now.of an indescribable mate- rial, garnished with the rags of lace and feathers. Does that cook, whom we see in a dirty, ragged shawl, that was once bright and valuable, think for a moment, she is mistaken for her mistress, who, fatigued with the monotomy of the park and the opera, is distracting herself by buying her own butter and vegetables? Is it the worship of wealth, makes the poor seek its tatters--the venera- tion of the little for the great. The revolu- that we buy the new apparel for ourselves, 'comte's Journey of Troubles in London. | Stephenson :---" In early life a collier, work ing for his daily bread in the bowels of the _ charged as a man can drink at a draught, and |. -if you speak about freedora, I will 'Tue Rear Ramway Kine--The Lon= don Times makes the following remarks, on the erection in the Great Hall at Euston Square terminus, of a statue to Gee earth, he mended watches in his leisure -- hours, that his son might have the b essi of education. While his fame as a mechani. } cal and civil engineer was still in its infancy, he elaborated experimentally the same result -- as 10 ERE Sercs mp WUTC ots -- eam cy Davy reached by the process of philosophic induction. . The tramways of the coal nines -- and the rude forms of the first locomotive -- engines grew under the strokes of his vigor- ous intellect into a mighty system, which has already exercised an incalculable influence. upon industry and civilization. That one who, when a boy, was a " burrier" in a coal : pit, should, by the force of native genius, o rise to a position such as the statue in the hall of Euston station commemorates, may. well be regarded asa proof that thre da 3. of romance are not yet over ; nor the so of an. elder world. without their types modern. times. Perhaps it is also to be ¥ ed as a characteristic of the age, that t fame of such a man is $o quietly left to the good-keeping of the good works whicl has achieved. The traveller hastenme o his way should pause. in Euston station, te contemplate the masculine form and massive, 3 bi CR UGES e energetic features of him who, by combining. the blast pipe with the tubular boiler, first endowed the locomotive with its tremendc speed--who, during his busy manhood, sup intended the construction of more than 2500. miles. of railway--who thought out eve Ye thing connected with our first iron high- - -ways--and who engineered lines. extend-_ ing in unbroken series from London to Edin-. burgh.» - = ee nt) -S- @ Story of Stephen Pembroke. si i pits . OS See oS - Stephen Pembroke (brother of Rey. Dr. Pennington), who was recently surrendered' as a fagitive slave by Commissioner 1 | ri i of New York, and carried back to the South, having since received his liberty by purchase (the sum of $1,000 being con» tributed by various persons for that_pur-, pose,) related his experience before a public. assembly in the Broadway Tabernacle on Monday evening, 17th inst. 3 The. following report of his remarks is from the Titbune = " T set out to escape from slavery'on the 1st May last, with my two sons. We walle ed all night, and went fifty odd miles with= out stopping. - We got as far as New York City, where we were violently arrested, -- secured, and taken back to the Souths I was treated in a bad manner here. I had no counsel, and did not know what the law was. I remained fifteen days in the South under chains, locked up by night' Tate ~ | aud slept chained. I was kept so tillmy arms © swelled 'and my 'appetite gon . I was so until bought through the beneyo- lence of the public and the exertions of my brother, whom I had. not seen for' thirty -- years, Some suppose slavery not" to" be' what it is said to be, but I am right dow upon it. I was fifty years in it, and it has many degrees.' I have been 'in' three' of them. In thirty years I was 'sold three' times. I served one man for twenty years? He was'a rigid and wicked'man" Ihave seen men tied up, whipped, shot, and'starvedy Then there was a moderate degree; and then I got into that, which I left, after be» _ ins twenty years in it. It has left lifeia me, that is all) I served a man' twenty- oS} years for $400, and*then' he wanted $1,000 for me, after starving me and depriving mé of all the comforts of life and the worship' of God. 'The slave never knows when he is to be seized and scourged. My father was sold: five times. The last tim AS knocked down and seized by-thre have seen men working 'all day day out, with iron collars on theit so locked up at night, vetting'a po corn bread and half'a pound' of m oS, would rather die the death of the righteous than be aslave always under dread and never getting a good word. I used to say to my master, 'I am getting old and ought to h some rest;' but he would answer, ' Ne further South" For the last twenty y I have had a free wife, and but for labor I believe, without the mercy of I would be this night in my grave. My pursuers were, I believe, in the same train' by which I arrived here at 5 in the eve and Iwas arrested at 7 8-4 o'clock morning. My plrsuers told me ther a watch round the house all night. I no counsel and did not know the law what I should say; so I thought it bett let the law have its course. My first w was a slave; so my five children are sl ve! too. Since my sons were arrested here, they were twice sold before my face. I saw' them with their arms chained tozether, and my arms were chained, and my master's son lay in the room where I lay with a brace of pisto!s under his head; and when I turned over, he would start up and lay his hand on one. I know one man who gave his slave one hundred and fifty lashes in two -- days, and on the third he died. He crept into the field; and his master, Supa was sleeping, went up and cowhided hin, oe but he was cowhiding a corpse, thinkinghe = was asleep! Such is the condition of -- Slavery; itis a hard substance; you can- not break it nor pull it apart, and the only way is to escape from it, I think itis the North that keeps up slavery. Such is my. opinion. 1 am thankful to the communit, a that has been so kind and charitable as. help me out of the serape, and now [ would like to have my sons out." 2