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ee See | Peay 'The Oshatwa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1966 -- PAGE 4 t Sugaestions oe) & eee wes - ' . The suggestion by Premier John _Robarts in his address to the On- tario Conservative convention this . week that the Ontario government * may reduce its spending is opening - to many interpretations. It could ' be a political play, an economic ne- . eessity or an indication of present : waste in Queen's Park administra- ~ tion of the tax dollar. Certainly if spending can be cut ' without the province reneging on , services undertaken to assist those ' requiring help or retarding the ' progress of education advance, the ' economies would be welcomed by ; taxpayers. However a cutback in ' provincial spending because the On- ' tario Premier did not receive the ' share he sought at the federal- pro- : yincial conference hardly seems a * realistic course. As Mr. Robarts has himself said the taxpayer pays the bill whether » the levy is made by Ottawa or a provincial government. Thus if there is a proved need for more funds whether it be in the field of @ducation or welfare services, the taxpayer will be required to pro- Firefighters' Both drive and dedication are re- quired for the men who provide fire protection for their communi- . ties. The risk they stand by to run daily are considered by them as » part of their jobs. In recent years, however, these same firefighters in Oshawa and across Canada have taken an added responsibility, un- dertaken another campaign of com- "munity service. © They are dedicated to the belief "that science will ultimately conquer | She Oshawa Times T. L, WILSON, Publisher &, ©. PRINCE, General Menoger ©. J, MeCONECHY, Editor ; SUBSCRIPTION RATES The Oshawe Times combining The Oshawa Times lished 1871) i published daily indaya and Statutory holidays excepted), A of C Daily Publish- aera Association, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau 'Association, The Conadion Press is exclusively @ntitied to the use of republication of all news or Reuters, and also the locat News published therein. All rights of special des- "potches are also reserved, _, Offices: Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontorio; 640 Catheart Street Montreal, P.Q. * Delivered by carriers m Oshowe, Whitby, Ajax, ore: Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince 'Albert, ope Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Boy, "Liverpoo!, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunberton, Enniskillen, "Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Cleremont, "Manchester Pontypool, and Newcastle not over Se per week, By mali in Province ef Ontarie butside carrier delivery grea, $15.00 per yeor, Other provinces. ond Commonwealth Countries, 818.00 per yeor, U.S.A, and foreign $27.00 pe syeor, " Of Cutback Can Spark Questions vide them, The point of whether Ottawa or Queen's Park asks the taxpayer to contribute seems a purely political consideration. If the cutback in spending can result from more economies, a greater efficiency in government operations it is another matter. An investigation as proposed by tne premier in this area is always in order. It will, of course, open the way for Liberal Opposition mem- bers to question why waste and in- inefficiency has been permitted to squander the taxpayer's dollar in the past. : Whatever the case, the cutback discussion is sure to attract wide attention. In this day when there's a constant pressure on government for more services and the demands in such fields as education are ever on the increase, anything that might lead to a static situation in taxes, let alone a reduction is in- deed unusual. While the fervent wish can be for a levelling off of taxes, few who appraise the situ- ation realistically can actually ex- expect it, Appeal muscular dystrophy. This is not just a pious hope on their part either. They have actually raised more than $1,500,000 to prove their point. Medical scientists who have been given the tools to achieve the con- quest of MD are working hard right now in many laboratories in univer- sities and medical centres across Canada. These scientists are mot- ivated chiefly by three factors; the medical challenge posed by MD, their compassion for the afflicted, and their obligation to do their best for the fire fighters and oth- ers who have placed the money in their hands to carry out this diffi- cult and important task. Most of the money is raised at one titne in the year - - the week set aside by The Muscular Dys- trophy Association of Canada to hold its national fund raising drive. This year that week falls during November 6-13, When the fire fighters canvass door-to-door for MDAC they are ringing the bell for help, and hope- fully expect that their fellow citi- zens will answer the summons with the same alacrity that the fire fighters do when we ring the alarm bell. ME : SIGNIFICANT AGREEMENT .... OTTAWA REPORT Price For Wheat 'Artificially Low' By PATRICK NICHOLSON | OTTAWA--This year has been a bumper-crop year on our Prairies. 'Twenty - nine miliion acres have yielded an all-time record aren of 850,000,000 bu. shels of wheat--two-thirds of that land yielding two-thirds of that harvest in Saskatchewan alone, Our predominantly-urban pop+ ulation of today little knows what those figures mean to our farmers. I spoke to Ernie Pas- coe, who is not only the con- scientious Conservative MP for Moose Jaw, but also a wheat farmer, I asked him to describe in his own words what 1966 means to the average man who has just harvested thie record crop on his Saskatchewan farm. That sverage man may farm a section -and-a-quarter (800 Acres). He would have soweu about 400 acres to wheat, leav- ing most of the rest fallow but perhaps growing some oats or other coarse grain, The yield has run about 28 bushels to the acre. This is a great improvement on the usual 20 to 22 bushels in the last two or three years, which have been good years; it contrasts vividly with perhaps 15 to 18 bushels to the acre over the previous 10 years. CANNOT SELL ALL Mr, Saskatchewan cannot de- liver all his wheat once--the elevators and the railroads could not handle it. He has probably been permitted to de- liver a "ata of only two bushels for each specified acre on his farm, say 1,600 bushels, He re- ceives $1.50 a bushel for his wheat on delivery at his neigh- borhood <levator, less 12 cents for shipment to the Lakehead, because wheat prices are quoted as delivered at Fort William. He may not be able to make any more deliveries before winter closes the Prairie roads, but will deliver the balance-- less 14% bushels an acre which he will keep for seed--before the end of the crop year July 31, 1967, Next fall he will receive a final payment for his wheat, which may amount to another 42 cents a bushels, Thus Mr. Saskatchewan will get a cash yield of about $50 an were harvested, Hie cule of thumb is that {t takes 10 to 12 bushels an acre to cover his casi cosis, inacs, living, labor and gasoline. In the 10 lean i just. past, this left the farmer little margin for his ef- fort even this bumper year bardly yields a bonanza, Another way of looking at the farm economy is to value his land, The tax collector now rates it as worth about $125 an acre. Thus his investment in land and machinery is perhaps $120,000, If the farmer invested that sum in a safe first mort- sane todev, ¢ would wield him $9,300. without him 'lifting a finger all year, This comparison raises the SPSCUS tat Wuest ietaine Soe cease to be a worthwhile way of life, WHAT 18 THE ANSWER? This makes it clear that the world price of wheat--§$2.11 a bushel for top-quality wheat, No. 1 Northern, delivered at the Lakehead--is insufficient. I asked former agriculture minister Alvin Hamilton 'he farmer's friend" if he considers it possible to sell our wheat at a higher price on world markets, 'We could charge an extra 30 cents a buhslel, and not lose a single bushel of our exports," he asserted to me confidently. But of course the price of wheat does not rest in our hands alone, To match the Pearson pattern --as exemplified by the wage settlement won by the seaway workers and others--the price of wheat should be raised to $2.74. But Canada cannot afford a general price- and wage- increase in line with the Pear- son pattern. The Hamilton increase -- to $2.41--however would not be out of line and would be fully- justified by the circumstances. It seems likely that our farmers will soon be getting that price on world markets, Or else our government, like the Australian government, will be forced to subsidize a wheat price which remains artificially low. Ghosts Of Abertan Stretch Far Beyond Village Lines ABERFAN, Wales (AP)--The ghosts of children will forever haunt the steep, grimy streets of Aberfan. More than a week after the Friday of the slimy-black deluge this Welsh coal mine village of 5,000 is numb over the Joss of about 124 youngsters, Now many parents of victims are saying they'll move their homes from Aberfan, What is left of the school is being de- molished. A new school will be built on the flat floor of the valley two miles away for the remaining children. Most of the men of Aberfan work in the mine, VOICES REMAIN They will stay on in the vil- lage in. awareness that each time they look back on the Moy Road they will remember the voices of children singing--or screaming. People will worship again in the square--almost ugly--Betha- nia chapei where many of the small, mangled bodies lay all week before burial. It is difficult to think of Aber- fan ever being a normal village again, When the noisy paraphernalia of. disaster--earth-moving trac tors, police cars, trucks and ame bulances--have gone; when the army of civil defence workers, nurses, doctors, police, troops, miners and journalists have de- parted, then Aberfan will be a quiet place. But the ghosts of Aberfan stretch farther than the village boundary of the black River Taft. There are 500 slag heaps poised over the steep valleys of the south Wales coal fields. Some of them are perched dangerously above schools and streets as were those at Aber- fan. At Cilfynydd, six miles from Aberfan, anxious mothers toured the streets gathering sig- natures for a petition calling for urgent action on a slag heap above their village, as large as that at Aberfan. It has been re- corded as moving in recent months, Another at Maerdy, in the Rhondda valley, moved slightly last week. The heap at Aberfan shifted two years ago and villagers called for precautionary meas- ures, It moved again at about 8 a.m. Oct, 21--Black Friday. ve ... MARKED DIFFERENCES Regional Studies Harsh On Controllers By GWYN KINSEY TORONTO (Special) -- There are marked differences in the regional savernment strictures proposed. in the reports of the three "area studies which have been completed and of the Beckett committee on munici- pal law. But there are also sig- nificant points of agreement. All of them are harsh on boards and commissions -- in- cluding boards of control. They prefer three-year terms for re- gional councils, and they tend to favor direct election. They Pie that committees of coun- cil should take over the jobs now being done by many ap- pointed boards. The Beckett committee ree- ommended that "councils of all municipalities be given the au- thority to delegate to commit- tees thereof, powers at least equal to those which can be exercised by boards of control and special purpose bodies"'. At another point: "It is para- doxical that councils can cre- ate boards and commissions over which they have little or no control, which have powers the councils cannot grant to their own committees over which they have complete con- trol .. . Boards of control. . . have certain statutory powers and in addition, may have lim- ited powers delegated by the council. These have a tendency to cut across the usual commit- tee arrangements and introduce unnecessary complications." The Plunkett report (Peel- Halton) would eliminate all but three boards and commissions. h'/ 1, »-\ekeoew asi ry, 'AND WHAT'S WRONG WITH MODEL WE HAVE?' It recommends that "only the functions of hydro, police and libraries be assigned to boards or commissions. by the estab- nt -of single bodies. fez each of these functions." It deplores the proliferation of local boards, commissions and other special purpose bodies and says: "Their con- tinued existence, at least in terms of the present number, raise some difficult problems for the maintenance of respon- sible municipal government." POWER DISPERSED The Mayo report (Niagara Région) is not as sweeping as Plunkett's on this point, but its language is sharper. Of the pro- posal that a few special pur- pose bodies could handle any regional problems it says: "If followed very far this logic would weaken and destroy all local government .,. This is the cult of efficiency gone mad, without regard for the values of representative demo- cratic government." It notes that "local councils are subject to a large drain away of their powers already". Then it comments: "We do not condemn all spe- cial purpose boards and com: missions. Many are quite essen- tial, especially when they serve more than one region and are province wide. "We do say that at the local lével the dispersal of responsi- bility is already so large that the citizen is often confused. Further dispersal and fragmen- tation are to be avoided if there is to be effective control of local government by the elected councils and ultimately by the citizens." It neatly wraps up the argu- ment in a parody of a limerick: ~ "The counciiigrs up ai Pie lochry Believed in the creed of Ad Hockery; They farmed all decisions To boards and conimigsions, And so made their council a mockery," CUT To TWO The Jones report (Ottawa- Carleton) goes even farther than Plunkett, however. It says flatly: "With the exception of hospi- tal and school boards, all exist- ing local boards and commis- sions should be abolished and the services and staff under their jurisdiction made the re- sponsibility of the regional gov- ernment administrative depart- ments. Policy decisions former- ly made by the boards and com- missions would henceforth be formulated by council commit- tees for adoption by council." It would retain hospital boards because "direct pro- vision of hospital facilities is not considered a proper munici- pa! function." Interestingly, Jones agrees with Plunkett that for the re- gions they = studied, single boards of education would have the responsibility for public elementary and secondary edu- cation. The Mayo report sug- gests a two-tier system on the Metro Toronto style. All three regional reports sug- gest that the regional council have an executive committee named from azsong its mem- bers, and two of three reports specifically reject the board of control system. BOARD OF CONTROL Mayo says: "We do not rec- ommend an elected board of control." And Plunkett goes farther. "Owing his election to the public at large, as opposed to a ward or district, each member of the board of control can in- terpret his mandate as he wishes, He has no real connec: tion nor does he necessarily feel any degree of responsiveness to council; therefore the council- lors are rendered somewhat im- potent, Experience seems to in- dicate that it is difficult to build up any kind of consensus with- in the council for major recom: mendations and proposals of a board of control." Both Jones and Plunkett think the head of the regional council -- mayor or chairman or whatever else he might be called -- should be elected di- rectly by the voters of the whole region. Mayo disagrees. He would have the head of council chosen by the councillors "from among their own members who are directly elected' for three reasons: Good candidates who lose are lost to council; a chairman with a full mandate might find him- self at loggerheads with coun- cil; and direct election of a chairman is '"'a feeble attempt to copy the American presiden- tial system"'. And that's exactly why Plunkett rejected the board of control idea, CANADA'S STORY Washington Erred George Washington blew an opportunity to capture Canada Nov, 4, 1775, He considered two plans but made the wrong choice. : One plan was to capture Nova Scotia which then included New Brunswick. There would be an invasion force of 1,000 men, four armed ships and eight transports, It would sail from Machias, (near the Roosevelt- Campobello International Park recently opened by Prime Min- ister Pearson and President Johnson) up the Bay of Fundy to Minas Basin. After capturing the port of Windsor it would march to Halifax gathering sup- port from many Nova Scotians who were sympathetic to the American cause, There were only 390 soldiers in Halifax at the time and most of them were unfit for duty. There is little doubt now that the plan would have succeeded. Once Nova Scotia had been captured, it would have been possible to put a_ blockade across the St, Lawrence and make it difficult for Britain to get troops to Quebec and Mont- real. Washington chose the plan suggested by Benedict Arnold. It was a two-pronged atta Quebec and Montreal. Arfiold led one army to Quebec by struggling through the wilds of Maine, and arrived early in November. General, Montgom- ery led another army to Mont- real, and captured it easily. Then he went on to Quebec: to help Arnold. It was too late. Governor Sir Guy Carleton was a competent military leader, and he was able to defend Quebec from the American attacks until the fol- lowing summer when Briti:h reinforcements came up the St. Lawrence. The Americans had to with: draw from Quebec and Mont- real and return to the United States. OTHER NOV. 4 EVENTS: 1780--First steamship on the St. Lawrence, the Accommoda- tion, arrived at Quebec from Montreal. The trip took 66 hours and cost $8. 1809--Halifax Fire Insurance YEARS AGO 2@ YEARS AGO, November 4, 1946 Lt. Col, L. W. Currell, who has retired as he Commanding Officer of the llth Armoured (Ontario) Regiment was given a complimentary dinner by the officers 'of the Unit. Mr.: William) Wagar of Osh- awa, has retired after 15 years in the postal service. 35 YEARS AGO, November 4, 1931 According to the records kept in the City Engineer's Depart- ment, the value of building op- erations commenced in this city during the month of October, amounted to $1,030.00 as com- ared with $11,005.00 in Octo- er, 1930. Mr, G, N. Irwin, Stonehaven Farm, west of Whitby has es- tablished modern marketing methods and has built a large brick storage and packing plant on scientific principles at his Red Wing Orchards. POINTED PARAGRAPHS A scientist believes super- germs are being evolved. Per- haps so. It well could be that Ma Nature has got fed up on man's learning so many of her secrets and has set out to do him in. Co. established, It was the first insurance company recorded, 1813--Britain suggested peace talks with the U.S.A, to end war of 1812, 1838 -- Robert Nelson pro- claimed "the Republic of Lower Canada," Francis. Hincks founded Toronto Examiner. 1873--Donald. A, Smith voted against Sir John A. Macdonald in House of Commons and gov- ernment had to resign. 1875--Steamship Pacific lost off Vancouver Island with 230 lives, 1889--Large coal deposit dis- covered in Nova Scotia, Black Nationalists Accept Turnabout Of Suppressor By CARMAN CUMMING OTTAWA (CP)--Michael Hill Blackwood is a former British Army major who served with the East Africa Artillery and decided after the war that he wanted to settle in Africa. A lawyer, he went into politics in Nyasaland and built his repu- tation in the struggle against rising black African -na- tionalism. He attended constitutional conferences in London and fought to stave off black rule in the old federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, As a member of the executive council, he took part in de- cisions to imprison, without trial, leading African national- ists, With that background, it might be expected that Black- wood would have joined the beleaguered white community holding on 'to power in Rhodesia. Instead, he stayed in Nyasa- land after it became independ- ent as Malawi, -under black rule, two years ago. And when he visited Ottawa this fall it was not to plead the case for white rule but to repre- sent Malawi--the only white delegate from black Africa at the Commonwealth parliamen- tary conference. APPOINTED MP The turnabout se gest a conversion as St, Paul's, But Blackwood! makes no apologies either fot\his part in suppressing African nationalists or for his present role as an appointed white MP in a one- party, African-ruled state: He admits that his position is a@ curious one. "Nearly everyone sitting op- posite me in Parliament was in prison at some stage and I was a party to putting them there," he says. "But they take it very well. "One of the ministers who is a great friend of mine, Mr. Chibambo, often mentions the fact that I sent him to prison. We're good friends and he bears me no malice, We can talk about it openly, which I think is the great test." Now 49, Blackwood still looks very much the British settler with athletic build, military moustache and regimental tie. But he claims his Malawi citizenship with pride and notes that his wife, son and daughter all were born in Malawi. RESPECTS BANDA In conversation he makes clear two main reasons why he was able to make the transition from colonial days to independ- ence under African rule. The first is that he never opposed African rule in prin- ciple but only on the grounds that the population was not ready for self-rule. At the time of independence, he says, the country had only two African docfors, one lawyer and no engi- neers, The other reason is a great personal respect for Dr. Hast- ings Kamuza Banda, the for eign - trained physician who eame back to Nyasaland in 1958 s to sug: s dramatic after decades of exile to lead the independence movement. Yet Banda was among those arrested and held without trial by Blackwood and his. col- leagues. A And Banda was his chief op- ponent when, as leader of the United Federal party, he worked to keep Nyasaland in the white-ruled federation. "T went to every constitutional conference in London affecting Nyasaland from 1959, after Dr, Banda returned and_ things really came to a boil," Black- wood says. When independence came, Blackwood found himself in a tiny group of three white mem- bers of Parliament. They were elected from a "special roll" of voters -- in effect, the 8,000 whites remaining in the country with 3,750,000 Africans and 10,+ 000 Asians, BECOMES A REPUBLIC Then earlier this year the country became a republic with Banda's Malawi Congress party the only one permitted. Black- wood and his two colleagues were "quite che pte to vanish from the political scene," since they would not join the party. But Banda called them in and asked them to stay on as ap- pointed members, along with two more whites. They agreed, "and now we sit opposite the government as nominated members represent: ing minority interests and en- deavoring to help as much as we can in the interests of Malawi." Blackwood serves as de facto leader of the group and Banda calls him "leader of the opposi- tion." The president also makes the relationship easier hv ia. sisting that whites who want to live in Africa must be accepted and not treated as imperiaiisi interlopers, Blackwood says he hopes for eventual return to the two-party system in Malawi but adds that the present system "seems to be working out very well." Drink a By DON O'HEARN TORONTO -- WNexi io ineir wives, the one thing' political eadeis livid dearesi and ciosest are their plans for elections, The typical leader of a gov- ernment would probably give you access to his bank account before he would provide any hints as to his plans for an election, This is mainly strategy, of course. It gives him the benefit of surprise over the opposition, But in practice it goes hevend this, a It appears to be an emotional thing, it is & jeaiousiy-imis prerogas tive of a government leader, this knowing something. that everyone else wants to know. He won't tell and he's proud as punch that he doesn't have to tell, He loves it, SMELL AROUND So if you're any kind of a Pro you don't ask leaders about election plans. Why give them the chance to smirk at you. Instead you smell around, Look for straws in the wind, You look for activity in getting election supplies ready, for signs of extra-effort in the gov- ernment party's political head- quarters, There's a lot of ferreting going on around here these days. It's taker for grante? we will have a general election next year, and naturally many people are anxious to know just when, Some speculate it will be in the spring. Others are con+ vinced it will be in the fall, There are those too, who be- lieve an Ontario election could depend on what happens with the federal PC leadership, ELECTION HINTED There is at least one straw in the wind. The election office is active. Down in the vaults, where they keep the ballot boxes and other supplies, there is the beginning of that aura of mystery which always pre-dates an election. It all points up to a spring election, First a short session this win- ter. Then a vote towards the end of April--in advance of the main centennial celebrations. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Nov, 4, 1966... Abraham Lincoln, then 33, married Mary Todd of Ken- tucky 124 years ago today --in 1842--after a stormy courtship, They had four sons but only one survived to manhood and Lincoln, busy with law and politics, left their rearing to their mother, Mrs. Lincoln be- came distraught during the Civil War, running up big bills and accusing her hus- band of infidelity, but she was at his side when he was assassinated, Ten years later, however, she was certified insane, 1914 -- The German com- merce raider Karlsruhe ex: ploded at sea. 1951--2nd Battalion Prin- cess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry was relieved after a year's service in Korea, First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916--the ninth battle of the Isonzo ended with 10,000 Austrians in Italian hands but no strategic change; French units on the West- ern front made gains south of Saillisel. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- dav--in 1$4l---the admiralty announced five Vichy ships had been found carrying contraband off South Africa; Finland announced the oce cupation of the Kiovisto Is- lands; Munitions Minister C.D; Howe summarized Ca- nadian arms production for Parliament, whisky that's older and wmiser's Wiser's Oldest, 18 years old: Wiser's De Luxe, 10 years old: Wiser's 101, 6 years old: Wiser's Old, 5 years old: Wiser's Special Blend, 4 years old,