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Ce aparece: yes mmm Famer -- reer rm enr wer OTTAWA REPORT 4 Oshawa Himes Crown Commuted Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E,, Oshawe, Ontario T, L. Wilson, Publisher WEDNESDAY, JUNE 15, 1966 -- PAGE 4 Discrimination Claim Deserves Debunking The suggestion that children from workirig-class homes are being discriminated against in today's education processes has been made by Ontario New Democratic Party Leader MacDonald. His insinua- tion based as it was on but one statistic deserves to be debunked, In the legislature he claimed that the whole education system, tends to direct children from working class homes, whatever their ability, into commercial and -- technical schools and reserves academic edu- cation for the youngsters of middle- and-upper class homes, His contention is patent nonsense, gays The Guelph Mercury. Mr, MacDonald puoted from a one - community study, Transition from School to Work, to support his arguments during debate on the education department's estimates, The atudy showed that only one in five of the top 10 per cent of high achool students went on to univer- sity. Children from working - class homes are no more "directed" to vocational courses in than are the children from middle-or upper-class homes, Children find school their own levels of achievement in school and are assisted toward the fulfilment of whatever potential they may have in any direction, Whether they come from the famil- lies of the rich or poor makes little difference. The criterion not poverty or that sort of thing went out of vogue years ago--but ability, The criter- ion at home is the standard of fam- ily life that is maintained. If Mr. MacDonald is sugyesting that bright children from troubled homes need special help from the education system, he is right. But this has nothing to do with finan- cial status. Troubled homes are not the exclusive property of the poor, As The Mercury maintains, the doors to educational fulfilment are than they have ever been before, The bright child from the working-class or poor family can go as far as he chooses or is able. Quite apart from govern- ment loans, and scholar- ships, countless service and indus- trial organizations atand ready assist those students who have the ability but not the money. today is home -- in school wealth at more open. today bursaries to Victims Of Crime Although it was "talked out" in the Commons, a recent proposal to parliament by the news-making member from York-Humber, Ralph Cowan, stands a better-than-usual chance of someday becoming law. He suggested that a fund be creat- ed to pay compensation to persons permanently injured as victims of crime. Mr. Gowman's idea came under discussion during the same week that a report from Britain appear- ed telling of some impressive ree sults achieved by just such a plan which was adopted there AS AN @X-+ Bhe Oslyaroer Times . WILSON, Publisher 4 . omnes, General Manager Cc. J, MeCONECHY, Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times @atablished 1871) and the Whitby Gazette ond "hronicia (established 1863) is published daily lundays and Statutary holidays excepted) Members of Canadien Daily Newspaper. Publish ora Association, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau sf Circulation and the Ontario evincial Dailies Agicciation, The anadion Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republicotion of all news despatched in the paper credited to It or te The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein, All rights of speciol des eatches are alse reserved 425 Univer Offices Thomeon Building ty Catheart Street, Avenue, Torento, Ontar 640 Montreal, P.O SUSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby *lekering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Mopie Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, -iverpoel, Taunton, Tyreane, Dunbarton, Enniski § Sveono, Laskard, Brougham, Burketeon, Claremont, Monchester, Pentypoo!, and Newcastle not over SOc per week, By mail in Province of Ontario carrier delivery area, $15.00 per year, pravinces and -- Commonwealth -- Countries, Tia'o0 per year, U.S.A, and foreign $27.00 per yeor, Ajex, periment in 1964, It showed that the British Criminal Injuries Com- pensation Board has awarded a to- tal of some $1,400,000 to 1,478 vie- tims, most of it in recent months, A six-lawyer committee passes upon applications from victims, Payments are approved only in cases which have been reported to the police or resulted in criminal proceedings, and are found serious enough to call for damages of at least $140, There is no maximum, Particular attention is paid to a victim's own degree of responsibil- ity in a crime, if any, and benefits are denied victims living in the household of an assailant, claimants for "loss of expectation of happl- ness", and auto victims unless the car was "used as a weapon" The value of the plan has been most evident in --connection-- with case in which victims have suffered injuries. while attempting to help the police, or as victims of seeming- ly-motiveless The highest award to date was $43,624 to a uni- versity student who attacked by a gang of youths while strolling friends and suffered brain injury. In tive case $6,800 was granted a boy who was with a another boy of eight, violence, was with severe another illustra: of eight blinded stick by could not be charged because 10 is the age of criminal responsibility in Britain. who Death Sentence By PAT NICHOLSON OTTAWA -- Our Criminal Code provides the penaity of ex- ecution for the crime of capital murder. The Pearson govern- ment, however, has never per- mitted the law to be fulfilled in this matter to date; it has ex- ercised the royal prerogative of mercy in commuting every sen tence of death to one of impris- onment, This practice echoes a stormy event in our history, In name, mercy is extended by the mon- arch; but in practice commuta- tion now is prescribed by the cabinet and automatically en- dorsed by the Governor-Gen- eral. Yet there was a time when the Governor - General could order commutation at his own discretion, His instructions from 'the British government, when Canada was a colony, were that he should first con- sult his Canadian ministers; but he could accept or reject their advice and, at his own discre- tion, commute the sentence of death as an act of clemency, In the first Red lion in 1870, in what is Manitoba, one of Loui lieutenants, Ambrose ordered an Ontarian, Thomas Scott, to be tried by a military tribunal on the charge of hav- ing taken up arms against Riel's provisional government, This drumbead court found him guilty and he was summarily executed, rebel- now Riel's Lepine, River and especially the demanded that a be sent Ontario,. Orangemen punitive expedition against Riel and his Metis fol- lowers. One of the loudest On- tarians condemning this 'mur der" of Scott was Alexander Mackenzie, then doubling in the roles of minister in the Ontario government and Opposi- tion leader in the federal Par- liament, Quebecers were just as vociferous in their support of Riel, The Governor - General, Lord Dufferin, wrote to the re- sponsible cabinet minister in England, Lord Carnaryon, to warn him that: the disorder at the Red River, violently aggra- vated by the death of Scott, serving Canada into its original ethnological divisions---the most unhappy contingency which could arise." SENTENCED TO DEATH In due course Lepine was ap prehended and a mixed jury of English- and French - speaking Canauinus ana etary Scune povena. guilty on the charge of murder- ing Scott. He was sentenced to be hanged, Meanwhile Alexan- der Mackenzie had become prime minister of Canada, on the resignation of Sir John A. Macdonald. What was he to do? He himself had howled for Le- pine's blood befote he became prime minister; Ontario and the Maritimes were demanding that Lepine pay for the crime, But meetings in Quebec were de- manding amnesty for Lepine; and the French clergy, wrote Dufferin, "are determined to make this an occasion for de- stroying the French - Canadian ministers in the cabinet, to whom they are bitterly op- posed," At this point Mackenzie, in a political' cleft stick, seemingly devised a way out which for trickiness would have done credit to a subsequent nimble- footed Liberal prime minister, Mackenzie King. Whatever ac- tion he took would split his cab- inet and the country, 50 he pro- posed that the British govern- ment should deal with the case, be commuting Lepine's sene tence to a short term of im- prisonment. This would satisfy the French, while Ontario would loyally tolerate any action taken in the name of the Crown Dufferin, having first obtained approval from the British gov- ernment, commuted the death sentence as an act of clemency, as he was empowered to do, He later reported thal everyone was more or jess happy and that "Riel and all the troubles connected with him have more or less sunk into oblivion," He could not foresee that 10 years later Riel would return from his exile in the United States, head another rebellion, be executed for treason and thus cause ane other and worse racial split, which was to cost the Conserva- tives Quebec support for over half a century, The footnote to this episode was that Mackenzie and his jus- tice minister, Edward Blake, then protested to England about the Governor-General acting on his own initiative, without their advice, and thus no subsequent Governor-General has been per+ mitted to exercise clemency to a murderer except on the direc- tive of the Canadian cabinet, U.K. Commercial Lethargy Likely To Bring Crisis By Fall LONDON (AP)--They call dt "the English disease." This sums up Europe's diagnosis of Britain's commercial jethargy, stolid resistance to change and its' belief that 'British is best," The Labor government's Init- Jal stabs at reform have failed to suppress the symptoms of a new economic crisis, coming perhaps this fall, Exports are running at seven per cent above last vear, but. this gain is can celled out by a rise in imports Growth-and productivity are up less than two per cent The seamen's strike could be the last straw. It put pressure on the government's voluntary wage and price. restraint policy and led to talk about stopping inflation by a wage and price freeze, In that type of a siege economy chances of winning public support for basic reforms would be diminished Allhough Prime Minister Wil son has appealed for 'a Dunker- que spirit,' the impact of the nation's economic problems is nothing like that of a war, The shops are full--often with costly imports--and wages have risen byvy4 per cent in a decade But profits are low in ship. ping and bargaining has been bitter, Shipboard distinctions be- tween officers and seamen are acute--different food, even dif- ferent soap, This fosters the mistrustful mentality of "them and us" that poisons relations between management and un- jons A random sampling of some other basic Industries presents much the same picture The gas industry is exploding with the discovery that this is- land is sitting atop a big na- tural gas 'bed; -But~when_-the government went shopping for ranged from 12 to 18 months, Scottish shipyards once led the world, but now the industry. is virtually profitless before the winds of international competi- tion The problem is not lack ot brains, but a lack of their appli- cation, many eritics say, Forty- five -per cent of the directors of British companies come from Oxford or Cambridge, which means thelr education was al- most entirely in liberal arts or economics, The scientists and engineers are largely in middle- level nfimagement® They advise on major decisions but don't make them ™ eet SIX MILLION PEOPLE LOST CITIES RISE FROM RUBBLE Nightmare Begins To Fade A Bit In Poland By JOHN BEST WARSAW (CP)--How a nation forget the 6,000,000 people? "One person in four lost his life,' the visitor is quietly reminded, 'There is not a family that didn't lose some- body. We can't forget that." Rut saying that is different from saying it's easy to re member the nightmare of the Second World War when Po- land's cities were reduced to rubble "A whole new generation is growing up that never knew war,' says a middle - aged man in understanding tones "They ask why it's necessary to keep talking about the war and about the possibility of a new one, They consider an- other war impossible They don't know how easily wars can start.' The government's construction policies have had the effect of helping dim the nightmare. In Warsaw only the occasional grim reminder of the horror remains a gaunt brick wall ton of a ven ofa can loss of own re usually ora skele- bombed-out building in the ghetto, symbal peopie s anguished last. ditch resistance to averwhelm- ing power are a monu mound The moment is to the Jewa the onty remindere and a burial ment who took part in the famous uprising of 1943 in which in- habitants of the ghetto were wiped out almost to a man It is located in the centre of a spacious park surrounded by tall apartment buildings The burial mound marks the spot where the last holdouts made their final stand against the Nazis at Mila 18 To more and more Poles, then, the war is becoming a remote and dimly-remembered thing---apart from the growing segment of the population too young to remember at all. They go on to think of other things. They think, for example, of how to get by on 3,000 zloltys a month, the average wage. It works out to something like $130 at the official exchange rate but $85 at the rate tour- ists enjoy here, which nore realistic in terms of purchas- ing power coun They think of how to find time to stand in line for meat, i fresh fruits and vegetables for or the dinner table kept And they think about the This problems of living space Though there has been a phe- lat nomenal growth of apartment accommodation since the war there isn't enough to go around and the average cil) dweller has to wait three vears to get an apartment, ' day half the still them other don't Once | however ner can enjoy it in the knowl edge that pittance per cent of his income Poles would leisure weekends be nice to have more if-hour week no immediate prospect of an improvement "Pehaps after productivity enough to Western Europe to warrant work week economic Such ing, and the passage of time, have helped dispel some of the memories of wartime terror if war is forgotien thing among the people n't neglect to take But Probably urope is the not, so) © assiduously provides a tionale for ons The Poles 'give full credit to Russians for berating from aspects talk back-door Russian invasion of ie gets his apartment, the family breadwin the rent oO more is only a by than seven also think that. Wt especially on They work a six. and there's time oul 10 years our will be close the '" says a writer on affairs cares of everday liv- a shortening of becoming a the government does it into ae- poliey else in threat, justified of German militarism alive a plausible ra- Poland's close re the Soviet bloc, in its foreign nowhere with the Nazis Some of the war they ro about. such as the Russia afler atill Soviet army's advance east of Warsaw Germens a free hand to stamp city's people massacre of believed in the West to have been sians "The Poles think their own thoughts on says a foreign diplomat LEVER AGAINST GERMANY Apart from the obvious fact that provides a against Germany, firm that hang Neisse Germany bridge West official widely West disengagement in pe as prehensive program pean security. 1939 when Pojand was already under slice attack; the Poland taken the war, the unexplained halt of the German of eastern in 1944, allowing the uprising of the the Katyn forest Polish officers, a great the work of the Rus these matters," Poland's present policy powerful lever it gives as a guarantee as possible Poland will be able to onto the valuable Oder territories It got fram after same the war the time there is widespread aympathy here for the idea of Poland acting as between Faat and This idea is current at levels and is reflected series of proposals ted even in the vet act for eentral Fu a prelude to a com of Furo respec f not epted " NOT EXACTLY A GREEN THUMB Wr shin CANADA'S STORY as) Her onan aoa Tae Cony St A cadahs Rae eee Big Show Lost Oregon By BOB BOWMAN ee Tf~ft hadn't been for an os- tentatious performance by a British naval captain in 1813, Canada today might own the states of Washington and Ore- gon on the Pacific coast, The Columbia River would be 'The St. Lawrence of the Pacific" In 1813, there was only a small trading post called Fort Astoria at the mouth of the Columbia, It belonged to John Jacob Astor's fur trading com- pany, but was sold to the Cana- dian-owned North West Com- pany during the War of 1812 In the meantime, Britain had sent HMS Racoon, a ship of 26 guns, around Cape Horn to cap- ture Fort Astoria, Its comman- der was disappointed to find the British flag already flying there, He made all the inhabi- tants of the fort watch while he paraded his men to the flag- pole, lowered the British flag, and then raised it again. After the war there was an agreement that Britain and the U.S.A, would return territory they had captured from each other, Britain claimed Fort Astoria because St had been ac- quired through a commercial transaction, - not a military operation. "'Oh--no";- said the Americans, "One of your naval ships captured the fort" and they had witnesses to prove it, So Britain Jost Oregon al- though the two nations agreed to share the territory for the time being. By 1846 it was necessary. to agree. on a boundary west of the Rockies. The U.S.A. would have liked to have got the en- tire Pacific coast all the way to Alaska, and might have. taken military action if war with Mex- ieo had not been Imminent. On wilt TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS June 15, 1966... The massacre of the Ja nissaries began 140 years ago today--in 1826--a few days after these elite troops of the-'Turkish empire had begun a revolution on Con stantinople, The government declared) war against the rioting soldiers and within days the corps was de- atroyed afler nearly 500 vears of continuous history lt is not known how many of the 135,000 soldiers were massacred and how many escaped, The Janissaries were originally recruited from kidnapped Christian children and became a atrong but disordenty influ. ence in the Turkish power. structure 1th ehureh de Sac TAH Kaiser siuvceeded to throne Firat World War Wifty years ago today--in oa a further German at tack at Verdun) was re Pulsed with heavy losses; firitiah unit in German Bast Africa occupied Ger man posts on Lake iVetoria Second World War Twenty-five years.ago ta dayein (04 the German puppet Slate of Croatia aligned the Axis agreement; UMS WAS announced aunk by a British forces in Svria were within five miles of Damsscus. Ps first Cul Quebec's was opened at Wilhelm = I fhe German lerney mine: June 15, 1846, the Oregon Treaty was signed extending the boundary along the 49th parallel to the Pacific coast and dipping south to give Brit- ain all of Vancouver Island. OTHER EVENTS ON JUNE 15 1605---Pontgrave arrived = at Port Royal, Acadia. with supplies -First schools for opened at Three and Tadoussac -Fire destroyed Chapel of Notre Dame at Quebec 1749---Bienville de Celeron led expedition from Montreal to capture Ohlo 1616- Indians Rivers 1640. pmo ysstvan sane gens cc 1815140 Selkirk colonists Red River for Upper Canada under pressure from rival North West Company 1875---Various Presbyterian churches united as Pres- byterian Church of Can- ada 1905---Newfoundland | prohibited sale of bait to foreign vessels Canadian troops in action at Givenchy CCF party won Saskat- chewan for first time 1951---Northwest Territories got & partially elected council left 1915 1944 LULL} Tale Of Arctic Trail Blazing For Radar Line Recorded By DAVE McINTOSH OTTAWA (CP)---A fascinating record of life, work, play and exploration in the Canadian sub- Arctic has been gathered to- gether by Archie Pennie, dep- uty chairman of the Defence Research Board, and published by the board, Mr, Pennie cajoled or threat- ened men who worked at the board's northern laboratory at Fort Churchill, Man,, into writ- ing accounts of their experi- ences in the field, The result is a 100 + page mimeographed book by 16 au- thors with black-and-white pho» tographs published under the mundane civil service title of Defence Research Northern Laboratory 1947-1965 or Report No, DR 179, The book formation never lished, such as Trevor Har- wood's account of how he began, in the dead of winter, the 1955 survey across 3,000 arctic, miles for the location of the Distant Early Warning (DEW) radar line, Harwood discloses that origi- nally the line was supposed to go across the Arctic archipel- ago to Thule in Greenland, hun- dreds of miles north from its final siting along the 70th paral- le! Guy Mavier relates how an Overseas Airways DC-4 on the DEW line lift which crashed on Hudson Bay ice in 1955 was sal- vaged, Hay was spread over the ice at the crash scene to delay thawing, When the ice around it melted, the huge floe was towed to the beach near Ohurehill, ATE PLANT COLLECTION Other authors write on such subjects as: Army engineers proved how readily prairie roads can be kept. snow-free by raising them above the surrounding ground, -A lost party survived partly by eating the edible plants from the collection of the botanists in the group, A rescue Lancaster dropped two bundles of food-- one into a river, the other into the latrine, contains much In- before pub- ELECT LADY CHIEF RURNS LAKE, B.C, (CP) Mrs, Margaret Patrick became the first woman to be elected chief of the Lake Babine Indian She is also editor of the band's newspaper. --Five .hundred .gallons .of Ethyl alcohol went 'missing' from stores, Marvellously gay parties were being held in one mess with only soft drinks he- ing sold, What was left of the alcohol was found in the rafters of the camp chapel--over the pulpit, A visiting commander was partly deaf. His hearing-aid batteries ran down quickly in the cold during a field exercise, He didn't hear an order to halt and pushed on alone, It was an hour before his winded pursuers caught up with him -~An emergency radio an- tenna was once made by solder- ing together dozens of empty beer cans, --Whales shriek and whistle at each other. This is believed to be a highly developed sys- tem of communication, --The difference between death and deliverance: With a temperature of 17 below and a 20 - mile - an - hour wind howling above the snow, tem- perature at the bottom of a seven-foot-deep hole in the snow was 28 above, a temperature differential of 45 degrees, Royal Marine QUEEN'S PARK Que. Fear Labelled wg fF that Quebec has a new premier there is some fear in this province, That very artificial fear we have had of Quebec in recent years has been built up by the fact it has a new leader. A leader known to be to the right of former Premier Lesage, and a man who has talked in terms of nationhood and state- hood for his province. There are those whe seem to think that any day now we will see Mr. Johnson leading a Que- bec army across the Ottawa River ready to scalp the good citizens of Ontario, HAS BALANCE Well if Dan Johnson leads an army across the Ottawa It prob- ably will be an army of well- wishers out to win the hearts of the good people of Ontario. Over the years the new Que- bec premier has visited back and forth here and we in the press have had a chance to get to know him pretty well, And there isn't one of. us who have met him and spent any time with him who hasn't liked him tremendously, He is a man whose hat has always fitted him very comfort+ ably. He is not unassuming, He has confidence, But you feel very much at home with him. He has no God complex, Most important of all he has given the impression of being @ thoughtful man with a very good sense of balance. Not a man in any sense a radical, NEEDS IDENTITY Mr. Johnson is to the right of Mr. Lesage in his political bee liefs, at least insofar as the sta- tus of Quebec is concerned. But there isn't anything frightening about these beliefs, or at least there needn't be "When he talks of "nation- hood" or "statehood" in Quebec it must be remembered these words have a different shade of meaning in French than they do in. English. He is preaching to the French. speaking people of that province the mesage of the need for @ reaffirmation of their identity. Any of us who have ever lived there know this has been needed. And it is really nothing at all to be frightened o?, Quebec is not going to pul! out of Confederation, Even {f {t wanted to it couldn't, It isn't in an economle position to do so, Under Mr, Johnson it b- ably will have a stronger is: lity of its own, But from what 1 know of this man it will be an identity arrived at in wis. dom, and one which could mean a stronger Canada, YEARS AGO 25 YEARS AGO June 15, 164i Advance classes have started here -- under direction of Gen- eral Motors of Canada -- for army mechanics, Three new cases of pulomon- ary tuberculosis reported in May. 46 YEARS AGO June 15, 1926 Mr. A. EF. O'Neill of London, Ont., appointed principal of the Oshawa Collegiate by the Board of Education, Col, H. A, Mullins, Winnipeg (who is the member of Parliac ment for Marquette) was guest speaker at the Rotary Club. BIBLE He saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am? --Mat- thew 16:15, This is the most important question for every would - be Christian to consider, Their answer pill determine their way of life, PLAN NOW dances, shows, of room for thousands Civic Auditorium The Spectacular Pe sHAWA OLK ESTIVAL FRIDAY, JULY Ist, 1966 It's the biggest fun- event of the year! Parades, floats, bands, clowns, sporting events, displays, join the fun on July Ist Everyone's Invited TO ATTEND International tournaments, with loads of spectators at Oshawa