The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

She Oshavwn Sines Published by. Canadian Newspapers Limited a cs nS som 86 King Si. E., Gsnawe, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher MONDAY, MAY 32 1966 -- PAGE 4 NATO Unity Threatened Seriously By France French Foreign Minister Maurice 'Conve de Murville's direct replies to a series of questions submitted 'by The Associated Press left no room for doubt about the French 'determination to withdraw from the military organization within NATO. {His frank replies will do nothing to relieve the growing tension between 'his country and the United States 'over problems arising out of the French withdrawal. His denial that 'France intends to sign a non- 'aggression pact with Russia will be 'received with scepticism by the 'Americans, many of whom feel, not 'without justification, that the +French are being drawn closer to 'the Russians all the time. + The tearing by the French of a 'solid military alliance, that undoub- 'tedly discouraged Russian ambi- 'tions in Europe following The 'Second World War, is said to be feausing Washington officials more 'concern at this time than the war 'in Viet Nam. : The Guelph Mercury notes there 'ds deep suspicion of French motives 'and a frigid attitude toward a move that threatens the unity of the 'North Atlantic Treaty Organiza- 'tion. Mr. Couve de Murville's pro- testations of enduring friendship 'for America do little to soften the blow. Adding to American miseries Ontario An It often happens that the Ontario government deserves the praise it receives for proceeding cautiously, slowly, and generally soundly, in bringing about policy changes--for 'not rushing into things." But, as The Welland Tribune says, some matters it seems merely to drag its heels from force of habit. Its continued refusal to permit Sunday sale of spirits, beer and wine 'with meals, has all the earmarks of 'belonging in his second classifica- tion. It just doesn't fit in at all with the image of Ontario as a pro- gressive, ultra-modern province, She Oshawa ines T. L. WILSON, Publisher & C, PRINCE, General Monoger Cc, J, MeCONECHY, Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times jestablished 1871) and the Whitby Gozette ond ~hronicle (estoblished 1863) is published doily {Sundeys and Statutary holidays excepted). Mambers of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- ers Association, The Canadion Press, Audit Bureau Sf Circulation ond the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association, The Canadian Press is exclusively tntitied to the use of republication of all news gesperched in the paper credited to it or to The ssociated Press or Reuters, and also the locol news published therein. All rights of special des- Botches cre also reserved. Offices: Thomson Building, 425 University venue, Teronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.O. et ee ee oe ee. dl SUSLKIFIIVN RATED Delivered by carriers in Oshawe, Whitby, Ajax, Yickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, iverpeo!, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, ane, Leskord, Broughom, Burketon, Claremont, jenchester, Pontypoc!, and Newcastle not over ¢ week, By moll in Province of Ontario be IF oy corrier delivery areo, $15.00 per yeor. Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, $18.00 per year. U.S.A, and foreign $27.00 per year. over NATO was the visit to Rome by Soviet Foreign Minister An- drei A. Gromyko. It is the first high-level Soviet contact with the West since President de Gaulle announced the French with- drawal from NATO and Washing- ton is concerned that pressures may be applied by the Russians to induce the Italians to follow suit, It is well known that Italian Foreign Minister Amintore Fan- fani would like to see a less un- yielding attitude on the part of the Americans toward the Russians. But the Italian economy is begin- ning to slow down and the Russians can offer enticement in this field the Italians may be unable to resist. An agreement to permit establish- ment by the giant Italian Fiat auto- mobile firm of a manufacturing plant in Russia is one example. Other similar possibilities could be in the making. The withdrawal of France from NATO, The Mercury points out, presents the Russians with yet another opportunity. They can now stress to Italy the new position of impertance West Germany is likely to assume within NATO after the French withdrawal has been carried out. And the Italians will be as con- cerned as the Russians about in- creased German influence and power. Exception? which the government is trying to build through an extensive advertis- ing campaign, and in its other areas of activity. This point was made this week in the submission by the joint boards of the Ontario Travel Association, with the backing of the Ontario Hotel and Motel Association. "We shudder," said their presen- tation, "at the thought of the thous- ands of visitors from the continent, neighboring provinces and the States who will be passing through our province on their way to or from Expo 67. "The majority of these people are accustomed to sensible liquor laws--laws that will protect the in- nocent, and people against them- selves, but also laws that will permit twentieth century living." What a testimony to the moder- nity of Ontario it will be if this is the only province to go into Canada centennial year celebrations in 1967 still subject to the kind of inappro- priate and anachronistic laws on this subject that now prevails here. Just fancy Ontario still dragging its heels on its liquor laws, while re- maining far hehind such provinces as N.B., N.S. and P.E.I. The Tribune concludes, that's the present picture and prospect, unless the government of Ontario, upon at least this particular issue, turns soon to a policy of action now. Server more Tne A emir OTTAWA REPORT Ontario Renamed ca vid ewes & By PAT NICHOLSON OTTAWA--Should Ontario be renamed Peyton Province? Without a vestige of pride, this comment arose when two Ontario MPs were recently dis- cussing the break-down in mor- als, ethics and discipline so evident among today's juve- niles, One MP cited a high school of his knowledge where all but two students in a group of 14-year- olds regularly smoke cigarettes; the other MP described a high school where some students were dismissed. for drunken- ness. The first MP cited 20 pregnancies in a year at an- other school. Then the phony sociological enquiries on a cer- tain. deplorable TV program were discussed, and the roof blew off. Is there a crisis among our kids now? Are their sundry sins just youthful exuberance? Is it merely a sub-conscious reac- tion against authority? Or is there a complete break-down in our community, at all levels, with juvenile delinquency show- ing as the most prominent tip of the larger iceberg? OPPORTUNITIES THERE These two MPs agreed that the young of today have oppor- tunities completeiy unmatched by what they had known in their youth. They have opportu- nities to receive education and training, they have material advantages, they have protec- tion, such as earlier generations never knew. But, { interjected, do they have the affention and the family-togetherness _ which their fathers and grandfathers enjoyed? Is today's youth too feather - bedded in material ways, and yet starved of im- portant elements of the heart and character? Yes, agreed one MP, the fam- ily car certainly tends to break up rather than unify the fam- ily; and TV, while it may create physical togetherness of a fam- ily huddled in front of it, smoth- ers family discussion, Never before, it was agreed, Dvcck ins Drovin cacti co? nS did Canada's youth have such opportunities for acquiring edu cation and marketable skills. But never hefore did schools and colleges have so many drop-outs. Seldom before have high schoois numbered wives among their ciasses of teen- agers; but never before have schools and colleges had so many unwed mothers or moth- ers-imminent in their student body. WHAT IS CAUSE? ' What is the reason for the switch from the practice of the Victorian virtues to the licence of the Mod age within one, or perhaps two, generations? Why do we have on the one hand more murders than ever before, and on the other hand the loud- est ever clamour for abolition of the death penalty? Why do we tolerate and accept as nor- mal the intrusion into our homes via the idiot box of peo- ple using words and discussing topics which our fathers would never have put up with? Is it a 'good thing" that em- ployees of the state, jor exam- ple, should he permitted to enter our homes--via that same idiot box--and describe to our teen-age children how they can get a kick out of sniffing aero- plane glue in a paper bag; how if they are girls, they can earn $10 in as many minutes at high school? Is it such external in- fluences' which are causing the break-down among the rising generation? These two MPs, whose names I have deliberately withheld, are indeed concerned. The lack of moral fibre in our commu- nity; the fact that Ontario--and no doubt other provinces <gually --deserves to be renamed Pey- ton Province; the wanton waste of the opportunities for educa- tion among the young; the fec- klessness and lack of ambition among the older; the unconcern of men of the world with affairs of state. These are the great problems of today. But what action is being taken, what leadership is being offered, by our government and by MPs of all parties? Censorship Restrictions Diminish In Church Affairs By GEORGE W .CORNELL NEW YORK (CP) -- Censor- ship is a diminishing operation today in the religious field. It still crops up occasionally, both in Protestantism and Ro- man Catholicism. Generally, however, the re- strictive pressures have lifted in the leadership of the churches. Nowadays, attempted gags on religious expression come, if at all, mostly from unofficial. pri- vate groups, rather than church authorities. The greater: latitude, tradi- tionally espoused by Protestant- ism, also has emerged late in Roman Catholicism as a result of the second Vatican council. A "new freedom," theologians call it. It places decisive re- sponsibility on individual con- science, and makes room for more open religious encounter. Expressing it, Rev. Karl Rah- ner, noted German Catholic scholar, points out that valid church insights may "originate from among people who are not in authority," even when their views differ or disagree with others. Sighs of the tempered ap- proach are many and varied. Some of Catholicism's leading thinkers, such as Rey. Ives OCongar and Rev. Henry de Lubac of France, whose works previously had been suppressed in some cases, now are among the most. influential voices in the church. CHANGES NAME Recently, Catholicism's watchdog on movie morals, the Legion of Decency, changed its name to the National Catholic Office for Motion Pictures, sig- nifying its shift away from a negative repressive approach to a policy of position evalua- tion, to encourage mature, thought-provoking films. The old pledge, "I condemn," was discarded. The vatican's office for cen- soring books has heen quietly eliminated, with the future sta- tus of the index of forbidden books uncertain.. A revised ap- proach to the matter was in the making. Pope Paul called a halt to the old system of secret curia scru- tiny of books-.and decreed that no published work could be re- proved without prior hearings, the right of defence by the au- thor, and international consulta- tion with scholars Catholic canons, dating back four centuries and requiring ad- vance approval of superiors for publications by clergy, have come under questions and have been generally relaxed in appli- cation, sometimes bypassed, "If terror should appear: in writing, the normal, most ef- fective mode of correction will ion in the church,"' Rev. James V. Schall, an American Jesuit writes in the weekly, Common- wealth. "Only out of this dialectic of free discussion can truth emerge in the modern world." senna i tenner ate aetresnaenT ELECTION BATTLE LOOMS... TD AD ... END OF ERA PREDICTED 'Change Crackles Critically In Jamacia By CY FOX KINGSTON, Jamaica (CP) The Caribbean island of Ja maica, crackling with social change, is due for a general election in the next year and and politicians are bracing for a battle that may prove the end of an era The era can be called the Age of Bustamante and Man- ley. Spanning almost two de- cades, it has seen Jamaica burst into modernity with la- bor upheavals in 1938; later advance toward self-govern- ment and finally, in 1962, achieve independence in the Commonwealth Prime Minister Sir Alexan- der Bustamante, 82, is semi- retired with infirmities but still veny much a_ political force. His Jamaica Labor Party has been in power since 1962. Bustamante's chie! oppo- nent continues to be his first cousin, Norman Manley; 10 years younger. Now leader of the opposition, Manley gov erned the country with his People's National Party from 1955 to 1962. Manley, spry and_ sternly handsome, says his socialist party would win against the more conservative JLP if an He says the PNP is out to reform country own about land ownership in a "where 330 farmers half the arable development has brought new factories io the former shack Kingston's teeming west end, program, which towns of election were called now Bustamante, a legend in his own lifetime, has been in par- tial seclusion after being hit by strokes and eye trouble last year and Finance Minis- ter Donald Sangster, 55, cur- rently runs the government as acting prime minister. Bustamante's party won 26 lower-house seats in 1962 while the opposition took 19. IDEOLOGIES DIFFER "The JLP believes in na- tionalization and government controls."' Sangster said in an interview. "We are for free enterprise, The PNP is a mid- die + class party while our party represents the masses and capital. You cannot have workers without capital Manley says Jamaica's big- gest problems are unemploy- ment--regarded as hich but with no exact figures availa- ble--and. 'a social structure that was built up in colonial days on the ruins of the slavery system," land." The party also wants co - operative ownership and control extended to all major forms of agricultural produc- tion--including sugar, the king product. Manley, a lawyer, was in- terviewed in the small, bare office he keeps in downtown Kingston, Jamaica's capital. The PNP, he said, "has turned firmly left in the sense that it is not prepared to pro- ceed along conventional lines but wants fundamental changes in the country's eco- nomic structure." HAVE UNION TIEUPS The People's National Party is linked with the country- wide National Workers' Union while the Labor Party is tied in with the even larger Bus- tamante Industrial Trade Un- ion The PNP currently is at- tacking the government for al- leged use of the political spoils system. It claims a much + publicized industrial ¢ should be more under !oral control. The government party re- plies that its new industries and a stepped-up tourist pro- gram mean more jobs for Jamaica's 2,000,000 residents and boasts of housing moves to check slum blight and en- larged use of the country's big bauxite (aluminum ore} sources. Aluminum Co. of Canada mines and processes bauxite here. re. Manley is believed to re- gard the coming election as his last fight. His son Michsac!. a senator and top man in the National Workers' Union, is among those regarded as a possible successor. Of Bus- famante, there is only spec- ulation as to when, if ever, he will step down. Some younger intellectuals say the elder statesmen have been rendered obsolete by such problems as the issue of work - reducing mechaniza- tion of the sugar industry popes DOVE BETWEEN TWO HAWKS CANADA'S STORY High-Jinks By Troops or) By BOB BOWMAN In 1745 a force of amateur soldiers from New England sup- ported by units of the Royal Navy, did the impossible. They captured the French fortress of Louisburg, then considered to be the strongest in the world. After sailing from Nantucket, with a stop at Canso where it was joined by the naval units, it had landed a few miles west of Louisburg on April 30. It was then that the gover- nor of Louisburg made his first mistake, He did not send enough troops to stop the landing, which was made quite easily. Then on May 2 came a development that made. the entire operation suc- cessful. It was one of those wy MN small things that sometimes make all the difference be- tween defeat or victory in a war, A small detachment of the New England force, led by "fisherman Vaughan," made a diversionary move to the north side of the harbor. The men were glad to be on shore after the long ocean voyage and felt like kicking up their heels. In- stead of marching quietly, they were singing and shouting, and "behaving in a most unprofes- sional manner' as described in the. official record. Instead of bringing an attack on themselves, the wild antics unnerved a French unit defend- ing some naval stores north of the Royal Battery, and it fled. MM LD WASHINGTON CALLING Cloak Falls, Dagger Used, By CIA Unprofessionally By GORDON DONALDSON WASHINGTON (Special) - By sticking its nose into an appar- ently insignificant court action between two Estonian emigres, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency has dropped its cloak and used its dagger in a most unprofessional way, As a secret spy organization the CIA has never had much to do with the laws of this or any other land and its agents are expected to go outside the law where necessary in shady operations. However, an ancient rule of spy trade says that if one is caught he'll be abandoned and disowned by his superiors. Not so in the case of Yuri Raus, 39-year-old national com- mander of an exile veterans' group, the Legion of Estonian Liberation, Inc. Raus is official- ly employed by the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads, engineering highways in Maryland. But according to a sworn deposition by Richard Helms, deputy di- rector of the CIA, he is or was either a part or full - time CIA agent. ON CIA ORDERS When Helms got up at an Estonian meeting in New York in November, 1963 and denoun- ced a Toronto Estonian, Eerik Heine as a Soviet secret agent, Helms said he did so on CIA orders. Heine, 46 and now a Cana- dian citizen, is a member of the Estonian Cultural Council of Canada and something of an Estonian hero, He gives lectures on his ex- periences as an anti-Communist guerrilla. When Raus denounced him, he sued for slander in a Balti+ more court. The action dragged on for two years without attracting any public attention outside the 30,000 - strong Estonian com- munity in the U.S. and Cana- da. A BRIBE Then in stepped the CLA. Ac- cording to Heine, the agency, through Raus's lawyers, tried to persuade him to drop the case by offering a cash settlement. Heine refused because the other side was not prepared to with- draw its allegation that he work- ed for the Soviet secret serv- ice (K.G.B.) On January 11, 1966, Raus's lawyers claimed he had com- plete privilege to say what he liked, true or false, malicious- ly or otherwise, because he was acting as an agent of the U.S. government. This was backed up by an affidavit from Helms. In this, curiously, Helms did not claim that what Raus said was true -- only that it was in the best interests of the United States that he said it. The CIA had ordered him to denounce Heine in order to pro- tect its foreign intelligence sour- ces, The privilege of government officials has been upheld in pre- vious American couri Gecisions. But Raus's statement obviously had nothing to do with his job as a government road engineer. The CIA did not explain whether he was an authentic fulltime agent or a casual paid informer on Estonian affairs. The Bureau of Public Roads, strangely enough, lives near the CIA in langley, Virginia and the road signs, which do not admit the existence of the spy agency, direct visitors to the Bureau instead. However, there is a Bureau of Roads which does deal to some extent with roads. VITAL QUESTIONS As this is the first time the CIA had ever openly intervened in a court case, vital questions have been raised on both sides of the border. American newspapers, parti- cularly the Washington Post, have been perturbed by the idea that the CIA, which is supposed- ly an outside agency, wrecking its will and stealing its secrets in foreign lands, should start poking around in emigre poli- tics in North America and claim a "license to slander" for its most Jowly employees. On the Canadian side, the case is a reminder that Canada is a "foreign" country, and the CIA operates there 'too. By try- ing to crucify Heine, it caused a split in the Estonian Cultur- al, Council of Canada -- to what purposes only some anonymous expert on the Estonian desk of the CIA in Langley can explain. Last Thursday Heine took a plane from Toronto to Washing- ton, defying U.S. authorities to arrest him as a Soviet spy. He told me he hoped to be arrested as this seemed the on ly' way to get his day in court and clear his name. Ton The wild New Englanders walk- ed in, took what they wanted, and set fire to the establish- ment, There was a good deal of pitch in the building, and as it burned heavy clouds of black smoke drifted over the Royal Battery. For some reason this unnerved its defenders, and they fled! Fisherman Vaughan sent an Indian ahead to scout the Royal Battery, and learned that it had been evacuated. The New Eng- landers then walked into the Strongest defensive position in Louisburg without firing a shot. One of the young colonial sol- diers climbed the mast, and fastened his red jacket there as a flag. The French tried to regain the position later, but the New Englanders held them off. It was the beginning of the end for Louisburg. OTHER EVENTS ON MAY 2: 1497--.John Cabot sailed on voy- age to Canada and was back in England August 6 1610--James I gave part of Newfoundland -- to Guy of Bristol 1670--Charter granted to Hud- son's Bay Company to have exclusive trading rights in area drained by rivers flowing into Hud- son's Bay 1774--Quebee Act introduced in House of Lords 1828--British House of Com- mons appointed special committee to study Can- John ada 1864---Merchants' Bank of Hali- fax opened; later absorb- ed in Royal Bank of Can- ada 1870--Expedition left Toronto under Colonel Wolsley to control Riel uprising and defend against Fenians. It arrived Fort Garry August 24, 1881--Ground broken at Fort William, Ontario for CPR transcontinental 1882--Government passed Civil Service Bill 1885--Troops under General Strange arrived at Ed- monton, relieving threat of attack by Indians 1918--Civil workers went on strike in Winnipeg 1945--War in Italy ended 19§1--His | Excellency Habib Bourquiba, President of Tunisia, arrived in Ottawa 1961--CPR flagship Empress of Canada arrived at Mont- real, It was the largest ship to sail that far up the St. Lawrence {enter eenent BIBLE 1 will pull down my barns and build greater.--Luke 12:18, Expand the heart, enrich the spirit, add. knowledge to knowl- edge; we leave our barns be- hind, ta Ts et ms ea aoa VEEN'S PARX Rocky Farm 'But Factory In Orchard BY DON O'HEARN TORONTO--Do we have to build our farms on rock and our factories in peach or- chards? bie are doing this now in On- 0, ta As is pointed out in the cur- rent issue of The Grower--offi- cial paper of the Fruit and Vegetable Growers Association much of Ontario's best agri- cultural land is being taken up by manufacturing. Hunger for a dollar is at the root of it--the hunger of indus- try for the choicest, and most profitable, locations possi- ble and the hunger of the indi- vidual farmers to make a big profit on their lands, As yet_in this province we haven't seen any need to control this type of hunger Nor are we likely to. LAND PROTECTED In Europe and the U.K., with small areas and large popula- tions, land is so essential it must be protected in the com- munity interest. But here we have so much of it--or at least think we have --that our policies are prodigal. Supply and demand is an un- derlying principle in politics as well as economics It would be practical fore- sight to step in with effective land use planning now, as so many people advocate and urge. But this would require the government to take forceful ac- tion. Lacking an actual crisis in land--a crisis whick in view of our large area can't be antici- pated--it s most unlikely it will do this. SUPERVISE VOTE The government - supervised mail vote in the Teamsters strike could turn into a signifi- cant development in labor, This is the first time the gov- ernment has supervised a vote as a result of a request from the two sides of a dispute. It would be a welcome inno- vation if all important votes in labor were through secret bal- lot under third-party supervi- s10n, This is something that hardly _-- be forced into labor rela- ons, y But a lead has now been given in the Teamsters situa- tion. And this lead could mean it slowly would be adopted in other areas. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS May 2, 1966... John Cabot, an Italian- born merchant living in England, set sail from Bris- tol 469 years ago today--in 1497--to follow Columbus' route to what he thought was Asia. The expedition reached land June 24, prob- ably at Cape Breton Island, and cruised along the south coast of Newfoundland, which Cabot was convinced was part of the kingdom of Cathay China. He made a second voyage the follow- ing year, exploring from Greenland to the Delaware River, but thereatter disan- pears from the pages of history, probably because his expeditions found no gold or spices. 1668---The treaty of Aix- la-Chapelle settled French claims on the Spanish Neth- erlands, 1885--Chief Poundmaker's Indians fought the battle of Cut Knife, Sask. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916 --Zeppelins raided northeast Britain; French troops occupied Phlorina, Macedonia; a British sub- marine sank a Turkish ship in the Sea of Marmora. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1941--RAF training units at Habbaniya, Iraq, attacked the encircling troops of Rashid Ali; To- bruk withstood an Axis at- tack and destroyed Il tanks; six bombers were shot down as Liverpool was savagely bombed. FUEL OIL Why Pay More .. SAVE!! 1 6 C ON PREMIUM QUALITY ' gal, Phone 668-3341 DX FUEL OIL 'Serving Oshawa -- Whitby and Ajex Districts