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She Osharow Simes Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawe, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher MONDAY, MARCH 21, 1966 -- PAGE 4 Thoughts Shouid Turn To Safety In Spring Too Teday, March 21st, Spring is ve posed to make its entry in Canada, but in a land of such dimensions it may be Spring in B.C., Winter in the Rockies and Prairies, and warm with showers in Quebec, Ontario and the Maritimes. But the calendar cheerfully sug- gests Spring and the early robin is likely to have been reported. And that's not all -- at the edges of little creeks and ponds the first thaw shows and there are cracks in the ice. And the small boys are out, trying to walk on those soften- ing ice floes. Every year, when the thaw starts, young adventures are sure they can walk where they skated a month ago. Even. water on the surface of the ice is no warning of danger. Only when one youngster sees his pal go through the ice is the danger realized. Parents should know where these water hazards exist and make every effort to keep their children out of harm's way. Every Spring, signs should be put up on danger spots warning that the ice is UNSAFE as soon as the indications are ob- vious, Teachers should warn all students in their schools'of the local hazards, and enlist the help of all the more senior students in cautioning the small.ones whom they see in danger, Police probably already are cons- cious of the local accident sites and they have the authority to send youngsters packing from unsafe places. The members of the newspaper staff will always co-operate in call- ing attention to such hazards, warn- ing parents and children of their existence. The many tragic ac- cidents each Spring are often ame- liorated by a happy ending when some adult or, quite often, some brave youngster saves a small pal from drowning. On occ the rescuer has béen able to give mouth- to-mouth artificial Make. sure trained to give this lifesaving vice have them all taught to swim. And keep them from the hazards of Spring thaw. stories of asion, respiration. your children, are and Canada And Africa Aid It may be a thankless prospect but Canada could be doing .more for the troubled people in the emerging nations of Africa. Canada has sent medical missionaries, teach- ers and engineers there but the number has been woefully meagre when compared with the urgent need, d Many fresh from their ind nations. are leading to Prior to sched- ding colonial status they were giv- en to believe that once they were on their own all would be changed -- that new vistas were opening for them. : It hasn't quite worked out that She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, R. C. ROOKE, Cc. J. M of these new the trials ependence, Publisher General Manager NECHY, Editor the Oshawa Time 'bining The Oshawa Times Wetoblished 187) Whitby Gozette and fhronicle (esta s published daily § days excepted), y Newspaper Press news it or to The and also the local ghts of special des redited: to ters jing, 25 University 640 Cathcart Street, hateteyacc islands cate Ajax, n Bu Ontario S0c per mai f suteide carrier de re $ per Other provinces . ' Countries, $18.00 per year. . and fo reign $27.00 per yeor, f their leaders thirsty way because some of have been as power elsewhere in the or in his- tory. Some have made honest efforts with little resources to lead their people the maze of rivalries tribal groups but that has not been the general pattern. The upset of Nkrumah's dictatorship in Ghana proves points, The News. It notes that the army taken over bloodless coup than Russian, Chin- ese and East.German, teachrs, tech- nicians and others provisional gov- ernment is trying hard to. consoli- date its position toward a sturdy economy and a balanced democracy. But the Nkrumah's mismanage- ment has left the country in a bad way fiscally and help is needed. This situation has been multi- plied several times in dark Africa but the people of these emerging countries need more than crafty politicians. They need the skills of trained people put their nations houses in order so that they can eventually go it and realize their original dreams of in- dependence. The News this situation with deep resolve. power country we have no colonial aspirations. Canada can_ surely tackle its domestic problems and at same time help young countries get onto their economic feet. as any world carefully. out of between Kwame some Daily no sooner says Chatham had in an almost who. will alone into step maintains it is should As. a middle- Canada QUEBEC EDITORS COMMENT Paradoxes, Contradictions Can De- gifts experience in Montreal Le Devoir -- spite his remarkable and his long public affairs, Mr. Pearson has shown himself unfit to rule. In the last few months he has made several deplora- ble decisions. He has shown in serious. circum- stances an astonishing lack of courage . No one feels secure under. his leadership any longer. How can this paradox be explained? A prime reason evidently lies in Mr. Pear- son's -past e prime minis- ter has been a dipiomat, or a civil servant, almost all his life. However, there is a world of difference between a dip- lomat and a political Jeader. The diplomat, as a_ general rule; lies a policy. When he ¢ ipates in the elabor- ation of he does it on men who to take for it in the world of one of grey this po behalf of other have responsibilit ader is, on man on ponsibility nd defen has not r of the policies, he ultimate must oulder the responsibility and de- fend them in the face of public opinion, Moreover, our political sys- tem rests on the assumption that the leader, having been placed at the head of the machine, must avoid making mistakes, avoid going against the mechanism or impeding the operation of the system once it has been put into mo- tion. Everything indicates this role does not at all suit a man who has been formed in the art of zigzag. that characterizes the dir service. As a_ public Mr. Pearson is indecisive, ur he stable, changeable. In him the intelligent citizen and the sub- tle diplomat too 6lten win out over the man right in the middie A careful Mr. Pearson leaves the impre rime minister is leader of men . Mr son is powerles to cisively nh Case rapid decision. is : With Mr. Pearson ea affair is: prolonged indefin- itely. Despite hi and the i ence that Mr not politica of a tight battle ' f observation of behav alse 12) on that the the nate wor nece ated er "of hi rson ha rors lead- have hy of his membe the of Parliament and his col- leagues. . . . This supply of goodwill which Mr, up to now prevented his close helpers and supporters from raising brutal questions on the quality the worst moments of crisis, the same thing is finally said: "Mr. Pearson the best After three years of experi- we beating around the bush has lasted paradoxes and contradictions, Pearson has led the ernment and impotence has around nothing to draw ision.--Claude Ryan (March vendettas thwhile. It time while confronted pith an enormous When come will it conscious of its fesponsibilities? . parties fallen eyes for weeks been in the process of destroying each other, Uf OTTAWA REPORT 'New Senators Will Fare Well By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA ---Much has been said and written in criticism of Prime Minister Pearson's ap- nointment to the Senate of nine unusually young men, all Lib- eral &ctivists, nearly all failed politicians, and as a group defi- cient in the background antici- pated by the creators 'of the Senate as a chamber of sober second thought. But little has been said about the value of the gift implicit in their appointment, which is at the expense of the taxpayers of Canada. This vift can be valued as the equivalent of $1,325,275 for each new senator, on aver- age. Thus those nine Liberals will receive, at the expense of the taxpayers of Canada of all parties, annuities which would have cost them $11,927,475. That sum is enough to pay the gov- ernment costs of our recent un- necessary general election in all 263 constituencies; it is enough to support our entire Royal Canadian Mounted Police for seven weeks, or our Na- tional Film Board for 17 months. Or to put it more $11,927,475 is enough to give all the income tax payers in the large wealthy city of Sarnia a tax holiday for a whole year. So for the next 12 months, the good taxpaye Sarnia might say to themselves that every cent they pay in income tax 1s going to finance Mr. Pearson's appointment of nine Grits to the Senate. vividly, rs of FINE SENATOR Pearson in fact appointment to the Senate. From the deserved and wide- spread criticism, Dr. N. A. M. y" MacKenzie should spe- citlealls be excepted. He is not a 'party hack," "bagman" or any of the other scornful epi- thets applied to the other nine. Larry MacKenzie is. a_distin- guished' lawyer; a _ volunteer twice decorated for gallantry in the First World War, a public servant in the Second World War: and subsequently presi- ONE Mr made 10 dent of two universities, of New Brunswick and British Colum- bia. His appointment adds a jewel to the tattered glory of the upper legislative chamber. 'The average age oi ihe oiner nine is 46 years and nine months. Each has been ap- pointed to sit in thesSenate to age 75, at a remuneration now set at $12,000 a year subject to income tax, plus $3,000 a year tax - free allowance. That is loosely referred to as $15,000 a year; but the tax exemption on $3,000 makes it the equivalent of at least $16,670 before tax for the average Canadian. After retirement, each will draw not $75 a month, but $8,000 a year old age pension. To buy an annuity of $16, 670 for 'life' at age 46 would cost $317,665 cash. Each of those new senators would have to earn at least $1,325,275 extra this Year; after paying income tax. that income would yield the needed $317,665. Nine times $1,- 325,275 is $11,927,475--the gross worth of those appointments calling for no more than token apnearances on Parliament Hill, with no compulsion to work or even to speak FAILURES TO SENATE Most of these nine young new an reasonably be failed politicians. Four of them are not sitting in the House of Commons today because they were rejected as Liberal candidates by the voters at the recent election. A fifth was jikewise rejected at a pro- vincial election e withdrew from the cabinet from elec- tive politics at the unusual re- tirement age of 52. One was a paid employee at Libe ral party headquarters for nearly five years, during which, as cam- paign director in three elections, he failed in nis appointed task of winning total victory; if he then wished to retire at age 39, it could be argued that the Liberal' party, not the general- ity of Canadian taxpayers, should provide his lifetime se- curity. The other two were Lib- eral party office-holders. appointees described as Medicine Only Siarting To Realize Full Potential ALTON BLAKESLEE AP Science Writer NEW YORK (AP)--Medicine has chalked up tremendous suc- cesses in postponing death, re- lieving pain, in patching people up And it is only starting to re- alize its full potential, Some elements in future health care are suggested by U.S. doctors and other special- conservative or liberal in their viewpoints One major emphasis, most agree, will be upon preventing disabilities and illnesses, includ- ing cancer, heart attacks, and even the galloping plague of the common cold. The emphasis- will be. upon keeping you well and vigorous, through total, comprehensive care. You may, each year, have a checkup involving 30 or more tests, most of them simple, with automated equipment and a computer analysing results in- itially for your doctor to con- sider Within five years, possibly, ailing human hearts may be re- moved and replaced with small, battery - operated. mechanical hearts BORROW ORGANS Ultimate success is expected in the dream of becoming able to borrow vital organs -- kid- neys, hearts, glands, limbs-- from the dead and transplant- ing them into the living. Death v By ists, often knocks prematurely be- cause one orgar fails in a per- son who otherwise is 90 per cent healthy confidently shall learn how to heredity, one's inheritable defects, as well as to correct those that do occur. And they suggest we'd best begin now. to think about safeguards to as- sure that genetic "tampering" is done wisely and with con- structive interests only, lifespans may in- crease appreciabl It is more likely that debilitating, degener- ative diseases of aging will be postponed longer. Some _ scientists expect we human prevent alter genes, to Average Some nagging moral or ethi- cal questions may become more acute: Just how long should heroic and expensive efforts and medications be continued to keep breath in aged, help- persons who may be only tically alive? Who might whether, or when to When, as one heart specialist puts it, 'should we allow human beings the dignity of death?" Is too much effort, some physicians wonder, being spent on adding a few years to adult life, as against preserving children and younger adults from grave health threats, or overcoming their physicial or emotional handicaps? VENDETTA PARALYSIS and moral support Pearson enjoys has of his leadership. In is still by far man," is are convinced this long enough. By his gZov- Pariiament into With his own hand, killed the myth that long ago was created his name. There is left for him now but be the unavoidable' con- Montreal La Presse--Up to present time, Parliament, this unfortu- paralysed by done nothing has marked has load, again be- true The two House, which notches in Pe yublic. have legislative once are in the many of the 14) found division creating between © and English-¢ ever ties weigh on noted fights conducted at Ottawa in recent most dians as Whatever one says, which- ever comes back in the impression of sort of state face normal liament tions Signal End this sorry spectacles does not soon system come out of it staggering. It must be hoped that this pros- pect has already been haunt- ing for of the more lucid and serious members, even worse pears Another terminable crisis end, our parliamentary will only be able to some time the minds If not, the situation than it ap- aspect of this is the that it within in- pro- risks Parliament and the two principal parties, - Canadians 'anadians. What- errors and responsibili- each, it must the partisan rench that years have for the part had French-Cana- targets and victims. way one turns, one end to an disarray, to a of impotence in of events which exceed proportions. Things at the point where only a sudden recovery close to a miracle and again give life movement to this sorry which is at the own contradic- rille Felteau (March can of its ere rT DOeSN'T ALWAYS WoRK, ASK THE MAN WHO OWNS ONE CANADA'S STORY Early Growth Slow By BOB BOWMAN Canada's first census was taken early in 1666, and it was announced on March 21 that there were 3,000 people in New France, as Canada was called. This was exclusive of the Indians. Considering that Cham- plain had begun real coloniza- tion work 60 years before, growth had been very slow. The English colonies to the south were developing far more quickly. This was due more to the temperament of the people than to climate. Although the English roamed all over the world by sea, they were not great explorers by land. They settled along the sea coasts, and brought their families with them. There were thousands of colonies in the New England states before there were a score of families in Canada. By 1666, when the first Canadian census was taken, the English had spent the equivalent of $1,000,000 in Virginia, but it is doubtful that France had spent more than one-tenth of that in Canada. The French were the explor- ers, and fur traders. They roam- ed over much of the continent, while the English were develop- ing their settlements along the Atlantic seaboard. Fur trading and colonization were not -com- patible. Settlers drove the fur bearing animals away, The French, for the most part came to Canada to try to make some money, and then planned to re- turn to their homeland and live comfortably ever after. OTHER EVENTS ON MAR. 21: 1629--Champlain was appointed Lieutenant for Richelieu in Canada TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS The bloodless Aroostook Valley 'war' ended 127 years ago today--in 1839-- when a truce was arranged between the Brilish govern- ment of New Brunswick and the United States, The boundary between Maine and New Brunswick had been in dispute since 1783 and war seemed immiment when the United States for- tified the line it claimed. A compromise treaty in 1842 gave both Britain and the United States about 5,500 square miles less land than each claimed. The last U.S. boundary claim, also made by Maine, was settled in 1910. 1621 -- English settlers signed their first treaty with Indians at Plymouth, Mass. 1801 -- British forces de- feated the French army of Egypt at Alexandria. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916--German units at Ver- dun completed their capture of Avocourt Wood; Sir Sam Hughes, Canadian minister of militia, conferred with Lord Kitchener in Lon- don. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1941--a_ crisis veloped in Yugoslavia the crown council's deCision to join the Axis; Plymouth was heavily bombed for the second night; a British fly- ing magazine said the U.S. sent 1,875 aircraft to Britain in 1940, 1663 -- Louis Robert appointed Intendant for Canada, but never arrived. 1864--Tache - J. A. Macdonald government replaced J. S. Macdonald-Sicotte govern- ment 1896--Commission appointed to settle Manitoba separate schools problem 1911--Duke of Connaught ap- pointed Governor General of Canada 1955--Fire destroyed 35 build- ings at Nicolet, Quebec Indian College Students Ready To Strike As Study By BRUCE KIDD JAIPUR, India (CP)--College students in India are almost as ready to go on strike as they are to study. Sometimes they drop classes for a legitimate reason, some- times just because they want a holiday, There were 255 student walk- outs in 1965 and -261 in 1964. Neither students nor university officials expect the number of strikes will decrease in the near future, Reasons given for range from opposition to the moral character of the vice- chancellor or some other offi- cial to the toughness. of exam- inations. But often the "griev- ance"' is the pretext for hijinks. "Some strikes are necessary for it is the only way to attract attention to student problems," says S. N. Khare, president of the loosely - organized National Council of University Students of India. He cited recent dem- onstrations against. legislation by the state of Uttar Pradesh which would virtually crush the strong student union at Banaras Hindu University by making its membership voluntary. "But I would estimate that 80 per cent of all strikes are either groundless or could be settled by other means." RESORTS TO VIOLENCE One student said: "We went on strike this fall because a 'medical examination was made compulsory for first-year stu- dents, We had a lot of fun while it lasted, but now I realize it was quite senseless." ven when the students dem- onstrate on some national issue, such as the government's pres- ent food-rationing policy or its decision in 1964 to accelerate the use. of Hindi as a national language, the demonstration is directed against the college. Many strikes involve damage to university property. In a few cases, teachers and officials have been beaten. Students striking for more buses in Patna recently burned two of the university's existing buses. The vice-chancellor of Aligarh University almost lost his life in an attack by students a year ago. Most strikes last only for three or four days before they are settled. Sut a few universi- ties have. been shut down for months because of violent dem- onstrations, Most colleges accept students after just 10 years of schooling. As a result, the Indian college student is much younger than his Canadian counterpart and considerably less mature. Most colleges give the student. about as much freedom as a Canadian high school does. For example, he must attend as many as eight daily compulsory lectures six days a week. Much learning is by rote. STANDARDS TOO LOW The most generally cited stu- dent problems are cramped hostels, poor food and unhelpful striking and unsympathetic teachers. Many students come from rural areas and initially feel out of place in a city environment. "Until the standards of col- lege education are vastly im- proved and a real love of learn- ing is instilled, student strikes will continue," says V. V. John, director of college education for the state of Rajasthan. "Many teachers are poorly qualified, for they have only en- tered teaching as a last resort. These teachers cannot give stu- dents the challenge to learn. You can't blame the students for feeling bored and discour- aged." V. Sree Ramachandar, a vice- president of the National Coun- cil of University Students, says: "After many irresponsible strikes, you cannot blame the universities for not recognizing student unions nor allowing them any power. We face a vi- cious circle: Until we get rec- ognition, we strike. But we won't get recognized until we act more responsibly." Student strikes are often the most visible sign of social un- ia, As such, they bear political overtones. Since state governments frequently ride a tight rein on universities, stu- dent strikes are easy game for opposition agitation. "Sometimes politicians take advantage of legitimate agita- tion and then change the issue for their own ends," said a stu- dent leader from Andhra Uni- versity. QUEEN'S PARK . Lake Erie Fish Catch Value High By DON O°HEARN TORONTO--There. have been several alarming statements re- cently about the dangers of nai. Jution on our inland" fishing in- dustry. ; Let it continue, they say, and our fish will be killed off. This has, been particularly said of Lake Erie fithing, It's been said this body of water for commercial fisher. men will be transposed into a watery desert, barren of life. To date the claim isn't true, Figures on commercial. fish- ing in the province for 1965 re- leased recently show that Lake Erie produced two - thirds of our commercial fish in that 12- month period. That catch was up 38 per cent and the value 40.4 per cent over the preced- ing year. POSSIBILITY LINGERS This, however, doesn't rule out the possibility of pollution. There has been a marked change in the type of fish in the lake. The'population of pickerel has been dropping, while yellow perch, a coarser fish, has been increasing rapidly in numbers, Probably nothing in this rules out the possibility that disaster may yet hit the lake But meanwhile, the dollar revenue is making sweet music on the way to the graveyard. Some time'ago it was re- ported the attorney - general's department would be split up; one branch, the minister of jus- tice, would handle matters deal- ing with the administration of justice, would handle matters dealing with the administration of justice, the courts, etc; the second branch would be respon- sible for administration of the Securities Act, control of used car dealers, insurance, etc. HINGES ON HOUSE Originally it was said this new branch would be called the department of the solicitor gen- eral. This title however, has apparently gone by the board, In its first notice of legisla- tion for the new department it was indicated it would be called the department of financial and commercial' affairs. This big name, presumably, indicated better the work of the depart- ment. At the time of writing it hasn't been announced who will be the new minister. It would be logical to leave it under At- torney - General Arthur Wish- art for the session. Then Dalton Bales, member for Toronto-York Mills probe ably will be given first consid. eration. Bob Welch of St. Cath- arines also may be in the run- ning. Grasshoppers Seen On Decline EDMONTON (CP) -- A size- able decrease in the Prairie grasshopper population is fore- cast for this year by research stations of the federal departs ment of agriculture. A report issued by Dr. P. W, Riegert predicts there will be four areas of light infestation in Manitoba, 19, in Saskatchewan and four in Alberta Alberta can also expect mod- erate infestation in a narrow strip from Mossleigh to Car- mangay, south of Calgary. The threat of grasshoppers will be one - quarter as severe as in 1965. An examination of eggs laid last year showed only 70 to 85 per cent likely to hatch. The severe winter may further decrease viability. Cool, wet weather this spring would reduce the risk of crop damage from grasshoppers to insignificance. In Manitoba the area ex- pected to be infested is only 216 square miles compared with the 1965 estimate of 3,023 square miles. 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