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She Oshawa Zimes Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L, Wilson, Publisher ... As Auto Industry Goes, So Goes Our Economy Whatever its impact as an elec- tion issue, discussion of the Cana- dian-U.S. auto pact has served to bring to sharp focus the importance of the automobile industry in the Canadian economy. "In the past 15 years," reports a Toronto newspaper, "Canada's eight major car producers have become the country's pace-setting second- ary industry in terms of' jobs and production. But even more impor- tant is the profound economic im- pact it has on nearly two dozen oth- er Canadian industries". It is pointed out by the Globe and Mail that during' the buoyancy of the last four years the auto com- ies spend about $5 million per day on materials for their vehicles. Their purchases cover a wide range of products, with mechanical parts, steel, sh rubber: and textiles top- ping the list, The industry's 50,000 workers turn out some 700,000 cars annual- ly. In turn, this effort provids 40,- 000 jobs in the auto part business and another 65,000 employment op- portunities in the Canadian auto dealerships. With the advent of the auto pact, the Globe and Mail sees car produc- tion assuming even greater. signifi- 'Pork Barrel' Those who are prone to recall warmly the good old days of eléé- tioneering in. Canada seem to- over- look the business of "voice voting" and "porkbarrelling", The secret ballot we accept, today as a democ- ratic right was not alwaps available to Canadians. Until 1874, voting was open. ters announced their clerk ov~~ a counter °t the polling station. The Canadiai Press quotes Robert MacGregor, authority on the government of Canada as saying this system understandably 'en- She Oshawa Times T L,. WILSON, Publisher R. C. ROOKE, General Marager C. J. MeCONECHY Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times {established 187!) and the Whitby Gazette and Chronicle established 1863) is published daily Sundoys and Statutory holidays excepted). Members of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish ery Association. The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau et Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association. The Canadion Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of all news despatched in the poper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. All rights of special des patches are also reserved. Gttices: | Thomson Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; Montreal. P.Q SUBSCRIPTION RATES a Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince le Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Tyrone, Dunbarton. Enniskillen, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, / bate Po Pontypool, ond Newcastle not over 50c, per week. By mail in Province of Ontario outside carrier delivery area, $15.00 per year. Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, $18.00 per year. U.S.A, and foreign $27.00 per Vo- choice to a Building, 425 University 640 Cathcort Street, cance, The pact will create at least 20,000 jobs and several dozen more car assembly and parts plants, It is also seen likely to push total auto company spending over the $2 bil- lion mark, Only last week it was re- ported that in the last 20 months, 53 new Canadian plants were estab- lished and 117 others had expanded at a capital expenditure of $300 mil- lion. Since 1963, it is estimated more , than 16,000 extra workers have been hired in the primary produc- tion of iron and steel, rubber prod- ucts and textiles. And with the trend to more and more options and accessories in automobiles the im- pact can be expected to be further diversified into many other indus- tries. For the next decade, automobile executives are predicting a continu- ing rising demand for vehicles. For the next five years alone it has been forecast production will climb to some 800,000 units. Situated as it is at the hub of the Canadian auto industry, Oshawa certainly has ample cause for high optimism for future, If ever a city in Canada had reason to think big in its planing for future gress, the Motcr Ciay would seem to be it! In Past couraged bribery and intimidation". The term pork barrel is used now to describe a form of political pat- ronage, In the early years of Con- federation, the barrels were at the polling station on election day. To influence voters, supporters of a candidate or party handed out the pork to the electors. Sometimes the barrels contained liquor instead. Federal election laws now contain elaborate provisions to ensure anon- ymity of the ballot. Each ballot has three parts: a stub and a counterfoil, both bearing a matching number, and: the ballot itself which 'is initialled on the back by the deputy. returning officer at the polling station, A voter takes the ballot with counterfoil attached and -- if the election rules are observed -- marks his X in private. He folds it twice to prevent anyone seeing how he voted and returns it to the officer who checks his initials and: makes sure the counterfoil number tallies with that on the stub he has retained. he pro- The officer tears off the counter- foil, discards it and places the ballot in the padlocked box. The law says the voter has the right to see that the officer actually places the ballot in the box. To watch the handling of ballots and make sure only eligible persons vote, each candidate is permitted two scrutineers inside each polling station, LEADERS OF POLITICAL PARTIES II] NEW DEMOCRATS Convictions Of D ouglas Unshakeable By BEN WARD OTTAWA (CP) -- To T, C. Douglas, every day is a tri- umph, "'We move another day closer te the eventual victory of social justice in Canada," he says. "It is as inevitable as the rising of tomorrow's sun," His unshakeable faith in that doctrine prompted him to re- sign as premier of Saskatche- wan four years ago this fall and accept the national leadership of the New Democratic Party, freshly created out of the old CCF. It has carried him undaunted through two federal elections and some bitter disappoint- ments. into yet another fed- eral campaign. His platform message to the party faithful nts intnt Baie dune THD for the Nov. 8 vote is still the same clear clarion call: "You are the tide which can- not be stopped." It is the only explanation he the mysiery vf Wiai i Tommy run, And he is ruoning harder in thi selection cam- paign than ever before, criss- crossing the country at a break- neck pace, snatching what rest he can in lonely hotel rooms and economy-class airline seats, He celebrated his 61st birth- day Oct. 20 by flying out of the Maritimes to a night rally at Port Arthur and westward again on a post-midnight flight to Brit- ish Columbia, Despite all the discomforts, Mr. Douglas's good humor re- mains as unshakeable as his 60- LTTE TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Noy, 4, 1965... Admiral. John bentiow, commander of the British West Indies squadron, died 263 years ago today--in 1702 --of wounds suffered in chasing a small French flo- tilla two weeks before. The captains of Benbow's other ships abandoned the flag- ship, which was heavily hit by enemy fire. The admiral remained at his post until forced by the captains to re- turn to Jamaica the follow- ing morning. Two of them were court - martialled and shot before Benbow"s death. 1809 --SS Accommoda- (tion, the first steamer on the i Lawrence, completed her maiden voyage real to Quebec 1911 Galbraith Rodgers arrived at Pasadena, Calif, completing the first trans- from Mont- continental flight (begun Sept. 17 'at New York.) First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915 -- the aimis govern- ment of Greece resigned; Serbia claimed a_ victory over Bulgaria at Izvor; Rus- sian units made gains near Czernowitz in Beovina. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1940 --the armed British . merchant cruisers Laurentic: and Patroclus were announced torpedoed and sunk; bad weather held up RAF raids on the Conti- nent; Sqdn, Ldr, Gordon R, McGregor of Montreal suc- cecded Wing Cmdr, Ernest McNab of Regina in command of No. 1 RCAF (Fighter) Squadron; Spain suspended international rule of Tangier ' Tremors Of Political Unrest Shake South Arabia Sultans BEIHAN, South Arabia (AP) The sultans and emirs who rule the deserts of South Arabia are propping up their -thrones. Tremors of political unrest have begun shaking the biblical land of spices and incense. British armored cars crossing the sands of Beihan startle the camels. The crash of bazooka shells interrupts the mosques' call of prayers. Turbaned tribes- men, whose only acquaintance with the modern world is their Lee Enfield rifles and the trans- istor radio, have begun to mut- ter political slogans. Lying on the edge of the vast ocean of sand known as the Empty Quarter, one of the most forbidding waste lands in the world, Beihan is one of 16 pov- erty - stricken sultanates and emirates making up the British- protected South Arabian Feder- ation, Massive stone ruins at the oasis of Timna, with himyaritic inscriptions 20. centuries old, show that Beihan and the states around it were once four great kingdoms that controlled the world's frankincense and spice trade. Since biblical days, the sheiks and sultans have run South Ara- bia with only tribal warfare to threaten their feudal rule, Since the 19th century, when they signed protection treaties, they have been able to call on Britain to blast dissident tribes into sub- mission AGENTS BECOME ACTIVE Now, with independence scheduled in 1968 for South Ara- bia and the neighboring British colony of Adén, Egyptian intetit- gence agents have become ac- tive in the area. The revolution- ary voice of President Gamal Abdel Nasser is heard across the mountains, and the emirs' power is challenged. 'Do not be deceived. The present troubles in Aden and the incidents in the federation are caused by outsiders, insti- gated by President Nasser," says the emir Saleh; ruler. of Beihan, 'There are no support- ers of President Nasser among our people." Outside the emir's mud-walled palace, however, dagger-loting tribesmen whisper "Nasser is good.' A portrait of Nasser hangs in the reception room of the official guest house. To contradict the emir's claim that his 4,000 tribesmen wel- come the presence of British troops in Beihan, leering - vil- lagers approach Westerners and gesture as if cutting throats. Some of the British troops con- fide that Nasser's influence has begun to attract followers inside the federation's Arab army. Infiltrators from Yemen, 10 miles across the unmarked fron- tier from the emir's capital, have laid land mines in Beihan. About 300 have been dug up, but others have taken a death toll. Before the war in Yemen was suspended, Egyptian planes bombed Beihan villages. To guard the frontier with Yemen and maintain order in the state, Britain has stationed 250 troops in Beihan, with arm- ored cars, artillery batteries and anti-aircraft guns, Beihan"s smal] airstrip is being length- ened to take Hawker Hunter jet fighters.~ BIBLE They- worshipped and--served the creature more than the Creator,.--Romans 1:25 i How many people today wor- ship the things God has created, rather than worship God Him- self! __/T'S AFRICAN TRADITION... One-Party State Curbs Tribal NAIROBI, Kenya (CP)--De- fenders of the one-party state In Kampala, the Uganda cap- {tal, another diplomc: stressed study Nkrumah the essentials of ee fi (tN) canny . TIME FOR DEVELOPMENT College to "Nkru- Ideology Perils mulli-party man, system, that except one and was a special in Africa say it acts as a brake on dangerous tribal divisions and opens a channel for new nations to concentrate on devel- opment problems. They also say the one-party system is. a natural progression from African tradition in which the British concept of a "loyal opposition' was not understood, There is much head-shaking In Britain about the way new » African countries are turning away from the political and multi-party lessons learned at -Westminster's knee in colonial days. British diplomats in the field seem unmoved. "A greater understanding of this matter among Western countries would lessen fears of the system," said one senior English official "If there were two parties here in Kenya, as was the case less than a-year ago, the divi- sion would be on tribal. lines, such as Kikuyu versus Luo, Kikuyu versus Masai. "The division would be on racial grounds--not Socialis versus private enterprise Conservatives versus Liberals As it is, the various tribes are represented in the ruling party and the government." that to the ordinary African, an opposition spokesman means someone who is opposing the people, not the government. Hence the tendency of opposi- tion members to cross the floor of Parliament and join the gov- ernment ranks, In the traditional tribal coun- cil, debate might continue for a long time over any particular issue, but eventually the de- debaters turned to a chief for a decision. Once the chief gave the decision, all were com- mitted. There were nq winning or losing sides, no opposition. This tradition was said to be particularly strong in West -Af- rica. Yet it is there that Ni- geria, the most populous of African countries, has main- tained the multi-party system despite racial and regional dif- ficulties under a coalition--not single-party government The . one-party svstems considerably. In Ghana's clec- tion earlier this year the sup- porters of dictatorial President Kwame Nkrumah were un- opposed There wa vary no question of who would win that West Af n poll. Later, all government min isters were sent to the Kwame mahism."' MINISTERS DEFEATED In contrast, East Africa pro- vided a more exciting election in September although this one, in Tanzania, also was under a one-party regime. The ruling party allowed op- posing candidates from within its own ranks to stand for the same seat andthe result was that a couple of President Ju- lius Nyerere's ministers were defeated, including the able finance minister, Paul Bomani, 40 Bomani, as it happened, had given me an interview only a few days earlier earnestly de- fending' the one-party system and drawing from his own ex- perience to illustrate his rea- sons "I've been a parliamentarian for 10 years--first nominated under the colonial system, then elected to Parliament after the constitutional changes," he said "I was elected twice entirely unopposed. because our party the independence--wa that no other candi- date would have hance of winning. None of the other: par- ties won a single seat under the arty. of opula case," Under the one-party defeat came at least Bomani, although he tained in the cabinet under a different portfolio by Nyerere a practice well known in older countries, SYMBOLIZES UNITY Part of the mystique of Afri- can politics is that the leaders who brought their countries to independence, such as Nyerere, are the main symbols of nat- ional unity, Many countries did not exist until colonial times when their borders were drawn by imper- jalists with little or no regard for the ethnic and other inter- ests of the inhabitants There is no doubt that per- sonal freedom and privacy are far less secure in many Afri- can countries than in, say, Can- ada. It is common for a visitor to be told by citizens that the mails are not 'safe from. inqui- Silive government eyes In white-ruled Rhodesia ever, there are imilar stories f telephone-tappin ind the urity nolice of ith Africa a exarded a perhaps most efficient and ruthless the continent, system, to Paul was re how. cialist convictions, It is the key- stone to a platform charm that goes all the way back to his student days at Chicago Univer- sity when he swept the gold medal! honors in debating, dra- matics and oratory. Born in Scotland, he came to Canada with his parents at the age of six, returned to Scotland during the First World War and came back here to stay at the age of 14. After studies at Brandon Col- lege, McMaster University and Chicago he entered the Baptist ministry in 1930 and took up a pastorate at Weyburn, Sask. In 1934 Mr. Douglas ran for the Saskatchewan legislature as a farmerdabor candidate, was defeated, and a year later took a CCF nomination to run fed- erally. He won and sat in the Commons for nine years before returning to Saskatchewan in 1944 to lead the CCF to a prov- incial victory. He was premier His re-entry into the federal field as NDP leader was quickly marred, Eight months after tak- ing over the party he suffered personal defeat in Regina City in the 1962 general election. An NDP colleague resigned the Vancouver-area riding of Burn- aby - Coquitlam and Mr. Doug- las won his ticket to Parliament in a byelection there. The party elected 19 members in the 1962 general election and in the 1963 voting pinned high hopes on its firm anti-nuclear policy. These hopes were dashed Whore HME "i ni ONAN ARON CANADA'S STORY We NE es pears ze | Va hela when oh strength was cut to 17, although it later reached 18 on a byelection victory. In the dark' moments Mr. Douglas liked to recite these -- words from an old Scottish / peem: "I'll lay me down and bleed a while, and then I'll rise and fight again," This time he has swapped the spectre of nuclear disaster for | the perils of the automated era, warning that national economic planning must be adopted to harness the scientific revolution for the good of mankind, But his bread - and - butter planks, the ones which arouse the greatest response, are goy- ernment medical insurance and free university education, long advocated by the NDP and its predecessor, the CCF. SLEEPING BEAUTY LL ym sangeet pans Pacific Crash Mystery By BOB BOWMAN For many years one of the mysteries of the sea has been the role of the ocean liner "Cali- fornian" when the 'Titanic' sank in 1912 with a loss of 1517 lives, The master of the 'Cali- fornian" was accused of not having made any effort to res- cue survivors of the "Titanic,"' It has only been in recent months that evidence has. been produced to show that it was another ship and not the "Cali- fornian" that came on the scene and then sailed away without helping. Pea There was another tragedy- mystery on the Pacifie coast even earlier in our history, The paddiewheel steamer "Pacific" left Victoria Harbor on Novem- ber 4, 1875, and proceeded into the Strait of Juan de Fuca. She made little progress because there. was a strong. headwind. About 10 p.m, the ship heeled over from a sharp shock, and sank in two minutes, There were only two survivors of 230 people on board. One of them was Neil Henley, the quartermaster who had just come off watch and gone to his TO Small Cardboard Polling Booths Introduced To Better Facilities By MICHAEL GILLAN OTTAWA (CP)--Small card- board polling booths are being used extensively for the first time in this federal election to improve voting facilities, The booths are about two feet high, and their 4'% + foot width folds out to three sections to hide the voters' writing: hands from view. They can be set up on any table. About 50,000, constructed for 64 cents a copy by prisoners at Kingston penitentiary, are be- ing sent to returning officers for use alt polling stations Nov, 8, particularly 'in: rural ridings. The long - time practice of renting city-owned booths in ur- ban areas will be continued. The new booths were ordered by Chief Electoral Officer Nel- son Castonguay to meet objec: tions about make-shift booths which in the past sometimes have been nothing more than old rugs or. curtains drapped over wires, In the last tWo elections Mr. Castonguay tested a wooden booth, developed in Australia, which is high enough to shield a voter from head to toe. officers in the test they worked Returning ridings reported well Before the eges and elections two years ago, Mr said the wooden booth was su- perior, But the committee agreed the cost was prohibitive. the $25-a-unit cost for there would be the ex- pense of moving. maintenance and storage ; Unlike Canada, where the re turning officer rents space each Commons _ privil+ committee Castonguay tesides wood election, Australia has perman- ent quarters for returning offi- cers which can be used for stor- ing booths The cardboard booths will be thrown away after the election and new ones produced for the next vote, Some reservations were ex- pressed about them by MPs be- fore the committee, Erik Niel- sen, MP for the Yukon in the last Parliament, said electors or agents in polling stations might peer over their tops to sh how voters mark their bal- ols, YEARS AGO 15 YEARS AGO Noy, 4, 1950 A banquet was tendered to more than 80 District Junior Farmers by the Oshawa Kiwan- is Club, who received their awards won in contests at the Oshawa Fair. President Ever- ett Disney presided. Mrs. B, C. Colpus was re- elected as a director of the Pub- lic School Trustees Association at the 10th annual convention, 30 YEARS AGO Noy; 4, 1935 Gerald Solmes, Douglas Best and Stanley Best of the Oshawa Collegiate and Vocational Insti- tute, were awarded the three Carter Scholarships for Ontario County. Cedardale Unite Church was re-opened at a special service conducted by: Gordon RB. Max- well, BA, student minister in charge. cabin to sleep. He said there had been a large sailing vessel off the starboard beam when he had left the bridge, Later investigation indicated that this was the American coal carrier 'Orpheus' and she had brushed the "Pacific." However her captain said that he had not realized the 'Pacific'? was damaged, He was busy check- ing the damage to his own ship when he looked up and-saw that the 'Pacific' had disappeared, One of the bodies was that of a young girl and it drifted ashore within sight of her own home, It was the worst sea dis- aster of the Canadian Pacific gpast.. es OTHER EVENTS ON NOV, 1775--Only 390 men available . defend-Matttex-- 1809 -- Steamer. "Accommoda- tion" travelled Montreal to Quebec in 66 hours, fare $5 Halifax Fire Insurance Co, formed: first on record in ° Canada 1813--Lord Castlereagh wrote to President Madison Suggest ing peace 1838--Francis Hincks founded Veronto "Examiner" 1875--Sir John A, Macdonald and Donald Smith clashed in Housé of Commons 1889--Large deposits of coal dis- covered in Nova Scotia Cc. DOUGLAS Wena QUEEN'S PARK Act In Force But Solution Long-Term By DON O'HEARN TORONTO (CP) -- The gov- ernment's bold venture in milk now is under way. The new milk act has been proclaimed, and this means the program announced last winter, and the commission and milk marketing board which will ad- minister it, are officially in eration, The long - term goal of the new program will be to bring about parity in the wholesale prices of milk, ,., That is it will aim at reor- ganizing milk marketing and distribution so that all farmers get the same price for the same quality milk, whether they sell it for bottled milk or for manu- facturing, The goal will be a long time coming. Before it can finally be reached it would seem almost certain that Canada must have a national dairy policy, Although the milk production industry is in a tangle, the main problem is in milk for manu- facture. Producers for manufacturing are getting much less for their milk--roughly about $3 -- than the men selling the fluid mar- ket--about $5. And their problem is one that 'can't be solved internally within the province, Under the new program there is authority for the marketing board to set wholesale prices. This is the most radical depart- ure in the act. But if it sets an artificially high price it could drive the manufacturers out of the prove ince: Quebec also is a big dairy producer while other provinces are milk producers to a vary- ing degree, And unless a price applies across the country the manu- facturers of course, will go where' they can get their milk the cheapest, CONSOLIDATE MARKETS The initial steps probably will be to consolidate market arecas--now more than 100 of them with different prices and conditions -- into a few large units, Uniform pricing and condl- tions will be established across these few units, Then an attempt probably will be made to set up some or- derly procedure whereby manu- factured milk producers can get i ilk as the market can pb nov JE eh NARNIA ess the next federal gov- ernment acts quickly on @ na- tignal dairy policy, and is' able fo get agreement across the country, there probably won't be too much else, that can be done for the manufactured milk producers, POINTED PARAGRAPHS School teachers live longer than average, one reason prob- ably being that they can't af- ford to overeat. 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