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| The Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 1965 -- PAGE 4 A Matter Of Conscience For Leaders In Election Canadians are watching the warm-up for the federal election contest with a great deal of trepida- tion. From the outset, it has been | billed as one of the bitterest the country has experienced. And that it is not what Canadians desire. Canadians have no wish to see their country wrecked by those vying for votes. The case has been well put editorially by The Ottawa Journal. The newspaper advises the five party leaders who are consult- ing their advisors and campaign managers on strategy that it would be much better for the country if they were to consult their consci- ence. The Journal continues: Campaign managers and political advisers tend to judge election man- oeuvres on a basis of "what's in it for us?" The old saying "my party right or wrong" is not as old as we might think. Many party people practise it today, justifying it with the conten- tion that in the long run only their party can be good for the country. "Let's stay in power (or get into power), by all means or any means, and we'll look after the country once we get there." There are open to party leaders in this country today many paths to prejudice. They can tell the voters in each area just what they think they want to hear and keep from them the truths and challenges they must accept if Canada is to be a united country. They can say in French Canada that they support French Canada's aims but proclaim elsewhere that unity alone is their goal and only a strong government in Ottawa can keep all 10 provinces in line. They can speak in well-to-'o rid- ings of the unbearable burden of taxation and next day in less fortu- nate areas of their plans to follow pensions with medicare, subsidized housing, increased baby bonuses "and unemployment benefits. They can cry "down with defence costs" in one place and elsewhere pledge support to still nobler and more efficient defence forces at home and abroad. They can plead in the industrial cities for higher tariffs and for low- She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher R. C, ROOKE, General Monager C. 3. MeCONECHY Editor The Oshawa Times comb! The Oshewo Times (established 1871) ond the itby Gozette and Chronicle esteblished 1863) is published daily Sundays end Statutory holidcys excepted). Members of Coote Daily Newspaper Publish- Canodi exclusively entitied to the use of republication of all news despatched in the credited to It or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the tocol mews published therein. All rights of special des patches cre also reserved. Offices: Thomson gary | Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton. Enniskillen, Orono, Leskord, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester, Pontypool, and Newcastle. not over 50c, per week. By mail in Province of Ontario outside carrier delivery area, $15.00 per year. Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, $18.00 per year. U.S.A. and foreign $27.00 per year. 425 University Cathcort Street, er tariffs in the country-areas; they can curse Washington's scheming tricks but a day later in different company swear that only in harness with the United States can Canada prosper. Each-reader can add another and another form of political two-faced ness as he witnesses it. But we have still one more -- a vicious form of deceit of which we have seen an increasing amount in the last few years. We refer to the politician who dis- torts and misquotes the speeches of his opponents. Canada being what it is almost any intelligent and truly national statement of policy will hurt or annoy some group some- where. The distorters watch for all such statements and by ways which are evil run off with them to the of- fended groups and thus new seed of prejudice and hate is planted. This lesser breed of politician, having not the courage to take the hard line himself, spends his time trying to snare those who have. Apologists will say that the men at the top cannot guarantee the in- tegrity of those down through the party. This shop-worn excuse isn't good enough. When underlings foul the rules of democratic decency they should be publicly rebuked by their leaders. If offenders were thus re- buked this would be example enough to alland wecould be rid of the shabby business. Alas, the leaders themselves have toyed with misrep- resentation. Is it really unrealistic to plead with them to put away this cheapness ? Canadian politics have not newly come to this condition. But the poli- tical and social structure of Canada cannot afford such drains on its sys- tem. Too long have we comforted ourselves with Adam Smith's asser- tion that there is a lot of ruin in a nation. There may be, but we've had about enough. The people of Canada are not to be blamed for these indecencies in poli- tics. The public can't be sure who is telling the truth and who is playing with the truth, for the distorters and false promisers are canny enough to make each of their lies small ones and it is only the sum of them that is large. The cure, if we are to have it, must come from the top, from the five leaders, from their campaign managers, their senior colleagues, from every candidate. If there is no lessening of the dis- ease, this country could be ravaged by it in this election and still more in the one to follow it, The cancer so feeds on itself that it could bring down not just the body politic but the whole Canadian endeavor, ideal and future. It is said by all leaders that this election campaign could split this country asunder. That is true; but only if the leaders will it. If they and we all behave like civilized peo- ple, with integrity, understanding and tolerance, this election can be made not a dividing thing but a healing thing, a stimulating prelude to centenary and after. That is the real challenge of this election. A LOOK AT THE PAST-- Opposition leader John Dief- enbaker looks at a scrap copemes book of his political career with his wife Olive at their Ottawa home. Leader of the TORY CHIEF 70 TODAY... Progressive Conservative Party since 1956, Mr. Dief- enbaker celebrated his 70th % birthday today. --CP Photo ... CAMPAIGNING AGAIN Symbolic Touch For Birthday By KEN KELLY OTTAWA (CP)--John Diefen- baker's 70th. birthday today finds him in a setting that is symbolic of his entire adult life. He's spending it in a crowd at a political meeting at the start of an election campaign. Yet this campaign, leading to voting day Nov. 8, is perhaps unlike any in his 40 years of active political warfare span- ning 11 federal elections. His future as Progressive Conservative leader hinges on the outcome. Hardly a Conservative be- lieves he will long remain at the party's helm if the voters do not elect a Conservative government. And even if John Diefenbaker should succeed Lester Pearson as prime minister, a good many Conservatives expect he would retire within a couple of years. Not that he has ever said anything publicly about when he intends to quit. For while he no longer re- minds people, as he did for months before the election was announced, that British Prime Aaavinscvnzrvcrrnnnnstatoceaute ncn tna YEARS AGO 25 YEARS AGO Sept. 18, 1940 Extensive building was under+ taken at General Motors north plant. The truck assembly and final test buildings were enlarg- ed -- new loading docks-were built and a wire fence enclosed the entire property. George W. Findlay acted as treasurer of the Oshawa Win- The-War community fund, which had as its objective $85,000, 4 YEARS AGO Sept. 18, 1925 Rev. E, T. Cotten of the Christian Church (now Centre Street United Church) preach- ed his farewell sermon, after having accepted a call to Frank- lin, Ohio. George W. McLaughlin pre- sented the deed and a paid-up fire insurance policy to Robert Phillips, chairman of the church board, for the new parsonage at Enniskillen United Church, Minister William Ewart Glad- stone won his last election at 84, it's not necessarily a clue to his present thinking. He may have abandoned the Gladstone reference only be- cause menv of his critics in the party rapidly closed ranks be- hind him as an election became a certainty. He no longer needed to tell them that he in- tended to stay as leader through another campaign. George Hogan, the Toronto auto dealer who managed Mr. BURIES DIFFERENCES Diefenbaker's campaigns in 1957, 1958 and 1962 but later be- came a critic of the leader, may have summed up their at- titude when he said: 'Despite these disagree- ments, there can no longer be any doubt that John Diefen- baker was a far better prime minister than Lester Pearson is, or ever will be." Mr. Diefenbaker never gives any sign that he doubted his ability to lead the party back to power. Last summer he was saying: "It's 1957 all over again." MT Stamps Create Controversy LONDON (Reuters) -- Brit- ain has learned a trick or two from such pocket handkerchief European states as Andorra, Monaco and San Marino. Prime Minister Wilson's La- bor government has issued more postage stamps than any previous British government. But the move, though money- making, has also led to contro- | versy--not about the issue of commemorative stamps as such, but about their designs. Both the Churchill issue and the Battle of Britain series have met with sharp criticism. Postmaster - General An- thony Wedgwood Benn ex- plained that he is trying "to escape altogether from the idea that stamps are simply con- venient adhesive money labels for postal purposes, in some way linked with heraldry." REET OE SIX DAYS FOR ENUMERATION... evar me a .. HOUSE - TO - HOUSE CHECK 10,000 On Job Monday, Counting Votes By MICHAEL GILLAN OTTAWA (CP)--For six days starting Monday, 70,000 men and women will conduct a head count of the 10,700,000 persons eligible to vote in the Nov. 8 federal election. The enumerators have until Saturday, Sept. 25, to complete the job, aimed at ensuring all qualified electors are on the lists of voters. With such a short period of time to work, mistakes and omissions are in- evitable so the Canada Elec- tions Act contains provisions to correct most of these Under the present system, in- troduced in 1938, two-member teams of enumerators canvass between 250 and 300 names in urban polling divisions. The enumerators are chosen by the sitting member of Parlia- ment and the runner-up candi- date in the last election from among eligible voters in the constituency. For election purposes, urban areas are generally cities and case) and are a Canadian, or a British subject with at least arise in areas with a high con- centration of ethnic groups be- Ents towns with populations of 5,000 or more. A house-to-house canvass is required in urban areas. Enum- erators are prohibited from using the telephone, but the law permits 'them to obtain in- formation from janitors or neighbors. A card with the enumerator's telephone number is left. at dwellings where no- body was at home and the in- formation could not be obtained nearby. In rural areas a_ house-to- house check is not required and collection of names" by tele- phone is permitted. TROUBLE FOR STUDENTS Before your name goes on the voters' list the enumerator is supposed to make sure you will be 21 or over on polling day, Monday, Nov. 8, were living in the riding when the election writ was issued (Sept. § in this one year's residence in Canada. The place-of-dwelling provis- ion is causing problems in this election because on Sept. 8 many students were not living where they will be on Nov. 8. For example, a student might haye been at home in one prov- ince when the election was an- nounced but may be thousands of miles away at university on voting day. A student who is otherwise qualified to vote is permitted to have his name on the voters' list at home or, if he is "duly registered and in attendance at a recognized educational insti- tution" when the writ is issued, at the polling division at his school. But of course he cannot be on both lists and assuming he was living at home Sept. 8 he will lose his vote unless he can get back there on polling day. Some enumeration problems cause of the difficulty of deter- mining . whether the residents are Canadian citizens or Brit- ish subjects. In large cities there are problems when per- sons change residence--and rid- ing--after the writ is issued. They are eligible to vote only in the riding where their former home is located. SOME WON'T VOTE Some persons or groups-- Sons of Freedom Doukhobors, Jehovah's Witnesses and cer tain Indian bands--refuse to be enumerated or to vote. In the 1963 election two enum- erators were convicted in Que- bec-Montmorency riding of pad- ding ° voters' lists. About 30 names of deceased or non-exist- ent persons on the lists. in this riding were reported to Chief Electoral Officer Nelson Cast- onguay who ordered an RCMP investigation. He has repeated this theme since the election was called. He says he sees the makings of another grass - roots upsurge such as that of eight years ago which ended 22 years of Liberal government and lifted him ulti- mately to unprecedented elect- oral popularity, followed by al- most unprecedented defeat. As the election campaign opened, he switched to saying the current political atmosphere resembles 1958. The significance of the two election years is great. In '1957, he emerged as leader of a mi- nority government. In 1958, his party elected a record 208 mem- bers to the 265-seat Commons. PREFERS TRAIN After election reverses in 1962, when he held office with another minority, and 1963, when the Liberals took power with a minority, Mr. Diefen- baker battled several party ef- forts to ditch him. He beat down the last one in February and the, Conservatives declared a truce in succeeding months after his Quebec lieutenant, Leon Balcer, former transport Ivrea serine sigan CONFUSION SE TUL UO EN ON FUTURE minister, quit the party to sit as an: independent. Since then he has mixed his favorite relaxation -- fishing-- with preliminary political skir- mishes with the Liberals in the Commons and on tours of West- ern Canada, Ontario and South- western Quebec. The tall prairie lawyer with the piercing blue eyes shows most of his old bounce and vigor. He scents once again the election fray in which his opponents regard him as a for- midable foe. He prefers campaigning by train, believing "you get closer to the people by train than by flying over them."' He naps between stops and rarely tires. His day usually begins before 7 a.m. with a brisk walk--lope is the way one reporter de- scribed the pace. If he's at home here, his golden labrador Happy is his companion on these expeditions, Mrs. Diefenbaker accompan- jes him everywhere, whether it's to the open-air market to do the weekly shopping or to high- level political meetings or on his campaign trips. m. OF BOTH OLD-LINE PARTIES BY THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC OPINION (Wold Copyright Reserved) Asked what will happen to Conservative strength in the November 8th election, the largest number of voters-- 31_per-cent.--_ predict they will lose seats. The remainder divide evenly into three parts, Twenty-three per cent ex- pect the Conservatives to gain seats; 23 per cent think they will retain the same number of seats 23 per cent do not want to guess. On the whole, however, the public is almost as con- fused about the future of the Conservatives as they are about the Liberals, suggesting perhaps that the electorate will not be surprised if another minority government is elected. As with attitudes toward Liberal performance at the next vote, today's findings present a dramatic contrast to those of 1958 and 1960 -- years when the Conservatives were in power with a huge majority. Because of the changed situation in party strengths, people today are more likely to expect Conservative gains than previously, And while 46 per cent of the voters look to added seats or a maintenance of present strength for the Conservatives, al- most a third expect them to drop seats. As one of a series, measuring voter opinion as to what the next election will mean for political parties, Gallup Poll interviewers asked; "Thinking about the Conservative Party in Ottawa, what do you think might happen to it in the next election? Do you think it will gain about the same?" Gain seats Lose seats Remain the same Undecided seats, lose seats, or remain TODAY 100% 100% Voter reaction to the fate of the Conservative Party is almost identical across the country: Gain seats .... Lose Seats Remain the same .. Undecided BIBLE And the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen, as it was téld unto them.--Luke 2:20. As a result of our spiritual visit to the manger cradle at Bethlehem of Judea this Christ- mas season, we will have gained little unless we return to our every-day endeavors "glorifying and praising God." Maritimes & Quebec Ontario 22% 30 24 24 West 26% 29 26 19 100% POINTED PARAGRAPHS It was reported that what caused two women recently to give birth to quintuplets was in- jections of hormones, This re- port was in error. 100% Referring to pictures of Mars, President Johnson said life on earth "may be more unique" than we had been thinking it was. Yes, indeed, it well may even be uniquest. PLE PEE LI LIE Editor: I visited the Union Cemetery on July 11 and was shocked to see the untidy condition of the Mausoleum. I again visited today, Aug. 22, and found the same appalling lack of care, Does no one ever brush the floors or take away the dead flowers? This is the most dismal and uninspiring pase one could ever. put a oved one, and both my grand- Parents are there -- much to my dismay when I enter into the dark, dismal and smelly place, The cemetery itself looks tidy and shows that some effort is put into keeping it a credit to the community. ETHEL GRIFFIN. 2671A Eglinton Ave. E., Scarborough, Ont. POLICE STATE SEEN Mr. Editor, Dear Sir, Statements by Oshawa's Crown Attorney asking unlimit- ed power for police including compulsory finger - printing of citizens, use of mandatory iden- tification cards, the arresting of material witnesses without a warrant, the detaining of per- Gons without the protection of a lawyer, and the searching of our homes without the use of a search warrant would be a vir- tual police state! The detention of a citizen without council is contrary to British justice. A man is considered innocent until proven guilty. It is the job of the police and the Crown to prove beyond a reasonable doubt the guilt of an accused and being held incommunicado violates our legal tradition that no man may be forced to testify against himself. The Canada Evidence Act insures this right. As the Queen's Council in Can- WRITE... ada surely Mr. Affleck must realize a writ of habeas cor Dus must he affected hefora harassment of innocent people can be executed. The firing of Attorney General, Fred Cass, for presenting the exact same type of legislation in the On- tario Legislature proved with- out doubt that Canadians for free and will not stand for laws that are tantamount to dictator- ship. The onus of proof is on the Prosecution, for if it were not there would be no need for a Crown Attorney, nor the police fo gather evidence. A judge could merely hand out sen- tences. If compulsory fingerprinting were enforced and the carryin; of identification cards, it i do be an offence (enforced by fine) to go to the corner store with- out carrying it. The next step could be the tatooing of serial numbers on our arms as did the prisoners 'n the slave camps during the war, As for compulsory breathal- izer tests, these should be made only in the case of a serious accident or where the accused has committed a violation of the Highway Traffic Act or is known to\ the police to have a record, The tolerance to alcohol varies in the individual by body weight, anxicty, sleeplessness, drivin, experience, the amount of food in the stomach and the level of blood sugar. A person unaccus- tomed to drinking may be af- fected more seriously by one or two "average" drinks than by a seasoned drinker with four so- called "average" drinks, What is average to one person is ex- cessive to another. Winston Churchill proved this. Such wide police powers do not conform with our tradition- al system of justice, DEAN J. KELLY. TODAY IN HISTORY 4 THE CANADIAN PRESS jept. 18, 1965... George V of England signed the Irish Home Rule Act 51 years ago today--in 1914 -- but its implementa- tion was suspended during the hostilities of the First World War. By the time of the Armistice, the Easter Rising of 1916 had helped to harden opinion on both sides and an orderly progression to dominion status for Ire- land was impossible, There followed the repudiation of the British proposals and civil war, first between Ir- ish and English and then between Irish moder ates and Irish extremists. 1851--The first issue of the New York Times ap- peared. 1949 -- Britain devalued the pound from $4.03 to $2.80 in U.S, currency. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915 -- 3rd Brigade, Canad- jan Field Artillery, was sent to reinforce British forces at Bois Grenier the Russian fortress at Vilna was captured by the Ger- mans. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1940--the blitz on London continued, with flare bombs serving as guides for the night raid- ers; RAF losses since Aug. 8 were announced as 621 aircraft and fewer than 600 men; the RAF and British submarines laid mines in front of harbors which could _ we by an invasion eet, Sept. 19, 1965... First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915--heavy artillery action increased on the Western front; French infantry pushed vigorous counter-at- tacks against strategie points on the Marne. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1940 -- the RAF raided the Dortmund-Ems canal, a key route from German submarine factor- ies to the sea; censorship of reports of air raids on Eng- land was tightened; von Ribbentrop arrived in Rome for consultations with Mus- solini. Farmers Fill Empty Bowls, Beating Back Starvation By CONRAD FINK NEW DELHI AP) --One-third of the world's population is of- fering empty food bowls to North American" farmers--and they are being filled. Using sweat and skill, those farmers send a river of wheat into the East to beat back the threat of starvation. Here in India, American wheat means the difference be- tween life and death for many of the nation's 480,000,000. In neighboring Communist China, the life of 700,000,000 Chinese is tied to Canadian wheat, with some also from Australia and Latin America. Never before have so few fed so many. Never before has the West's wealth and production contrasted so sharply with the East's poverty and backward agriculture. India has received 1,170,000,- 000 bushels worth $2,200,000,000 from the United States since 1951. Canada has shipped $31,000,- 000 worth. All this wheat is virtually a gift -- sold for Indian rupees which are loaned back on @ long-term, low-interest basis for development projects. It would be impossible for the United States or Canada to withdraw the rupees and thus rofit from the wheat flow. The. nited Statss alone owns more than half of all rupees in circu- lation. To withdraw them would shatter the Indian economy. The United States--Peking's No. 1 enemy--stays out of the huge China market. Canada is business-like with the Commu- nist Chinese. Chinese buyers plunk down 25 per cent cash at times of shipment and complete payment in 18 months. This has been the case since China's own agricultural effort collapsed -and~ the first Canadian wheat was purchased in 1961. Since then, China has taken more than 232,300,000 bushels of Canadian wheat worth about $500,000,000. There are indica- tions 1965 may be a record pur- chasing year for Peking. In the first four months of this year, China bought 15,500,000 bushels and ordered $3,300,000 more. India fears its river of free wheat will last only as long as America has more wheat than markets. NEW DEAL OVERDUE Already there is grave con- cern in Prime Minister Lal Ba- hadur Shastri"s government that America may be tiring of ship- ping wheat to India. By usual timetables, a new wheat ment should have been signed . two months ago to ensure deliv- ery of the American wheat In- dia says it needs next year, How is that 212,000,000 Amer- icans and Canadians can be so important to one-third of the world's population A cruel squeeze of over-popi- lation and under-production has caught both India and China. Antiquated farming methods on small plots have been unable to meet the burgeoning popula- tion's needs. India totters along with sub- stantially the same approach to agriculture that has dragged down its economy for years. Drastic reform or state inter- vention in farming could touch off serious political trouble. Montreal Windsor Edmonton Gordon W. Richt. C.A., R.1A, Oshawa Winnipeg Oshewe Whitby DELOITTE, PLENDER, HASKINS ® SELLS with whom are now merged MONTEITH, RIEHL, WATERS & CO. Chartered Accountants Prince George Oshewa Shopping Centre Brock Building Toronto Regina Hamilton Calgary Vancouver Burt-R. Waters, CA. 728-7327 668-6131 é