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Se ee eee ne second World War Opened. Many New Careers To Women Twenty-five years ago Can- ada went to war, and the walls that held back the tide of eman- cipation for women came tumb- ling: down. Inside and outside the mili- tary services, women took over jobs that im other wars had been filled by men. They were recruited for new positions. created by the bur- geoning technology of the Sec- ond World War. Six years later, they drew back as gratefully as anyone from wartime jobs. But they realized then that, though their minds were on other things, they had made enormous gains in the battle of the sexes. And they had no intention of re- treating within pre-war bound- aries. Just how far they have come im a quarter of a century is sometimes obscured by the em- phasis on dayto-day progress in their campaign for equality. But a.glimpse into the news- paper files of the late 1930s is, particularly for a woman, a glimpse into another world. Listen to a professor from the Harvard University traffic re- search bureau discussing wom- | en drivers in 1937. He told a reporter it was al- most impossible to teach a "woman over 25 to drive a car properly. "They get set mentally and physically, their muscles refuse to respond at the speed neces- sary im modern driving condi- tions." eS LACKED VOTE ep ictat In a day when women's votes are assiduously wooed, how different this 1937 letter to a newspaper sounds. The writer is defending the women of Quebec against a charge of indifference to the fact that they did not yet have a vote in provincial elections. '""May I suggest that perhaps the women of Quebec are too busy bringing: babies into the world and raising large famil- fies to trouble with such rela- tively unimportant matters as this right to vote." Change was coming. Papers had a constant trickle of stor- ies about the first woman this or that. An article reviewing news of women in 1937 ob- served: "Public confidence in women's abilities im new fields is reflected in some of the ap- pointments held by the sex in Dominion government." They inchaded the CBC Board = of Governors, the National Em- ployment Commission, civil service and National Research Council, But until 1939 it was atmost a case of one. woman at a time, each one credited with an out- standing individ uad. achieve- ment. . In the autumn of 1939, with | the war only weeks old, 200,~ | 000 women signed a volunteer | register indicating their will-| ingness to do whatever they | could to help in the war effort. OFFERED NEW CKANCES And the government was showing its confidence in them, or at least its recognition of the desperate need for workers, by asking them if they would like to be trained as motor mech- anics, telegraphers, map read- ers, as well as in their more customary fields. When the formation of the women's army and air force was announced in 1941, their quotas were filled almost in days. Between 1940 and 1942 the percentage of women wage- earners imcreased 15 per cent, with the biggest growth in fac- | tories. Almost 400,000 women were at work, and that number) would more than double in| three years. What they were doing pro- vided an accurate forecast of} things to come. '"To an important extent the growth in many cases has «n- doubtedly been at the éxpense of other industries ordinarity employing large numbers of women, notably domestic and personal services," said a bur- eau of statistics report, "The remainder have heen | recuited from those who were formerly unemployed, adoles- cent girls, home-makers and other women who under ordin- ary circumstances would not) belong to the wage-earning pop- ulation."* SOME RESERVATIONS That there would be a new definition of 'ordinary circum- stances" few then realized. In 1942, Ontario's premier, Gordon Conant, found it nec- essary to combine tribute and expediency in explaining the appointment of.a womam coro- ner. "With the growime impor- tance of women in our social, economic and industrial struc- ture, it. is fitting that there should be a lady coroner. Fur- thermore, the scarcity of doc- MRS, A. P. FULTON Women's Welfare League tors makes the action of the government logical and pro- per." A year later, Charles Daley, Ontario's minister of labor, cri- ticized the large-scale use of women in war plants, employ- ing words a politician would be unlikely to use today. Expressing the view that |} women should be sent back to their homes and their proper responsibilities, he declared | that had the manpower prob- lem been properly handled '"'it would never have been neces- sary to drag women out of their homes and into factories " Mr. Daley's comments were running counter to the tide, however. In 1943, it was re- ported that for the first time in the history of any army, Cana- dian women now were staff of- ficers on equal footing with men. WRENS IN TROUSERS And in 1944, a newspaper story told of bell-bottom trou- sens being issued to Wrens heading overseas. "Every member the Wom- en's Royal Canadian Naval Service who is drafted for over- seas service is now issued with a pair of the famous navy trousers to wear on the trip across the Atlantic and later if she wishes."' At the war's end, 1,046,000 Canadian women held jobs, apart from 46,315 in the serv- ices and: 800,000 on the farms, out of a total of 5,600,000 fe- males in Canada. One job in three was held by a woman. The percentages have shrunk a little since then, but not much. Now 1,858,000 women are members of the working force ame cee aaa GOING OUT OF BUSINESS CLEARANCE SALE FANTASTIC SAVINGS for Hubby for Christmas. Very Limited Time Only JACKETS 1 Price| | "A! 8 9.95 DYETT"S FISHING TACKLE V3 Price AQUA LUNGS Ve Price ALL MAKES OF SHELLS CAMPING EQUIPMENT To Clear V2 PRICE 2.50 box DYETTS toms" 205 BOND ST. W. PEbEECEC SETTLE ET 725-7578 PEPPER PRAEVCV LEP TIER LEE ESE SE REESE TS S,.LLSAG ---- THE OSHAWA TIMES, Tuesdoy, November 10, 1964 vs, Mrs. Albert Singer Is President Cedardale UCW Mfrs. Albert Singer is presi- dent of the .Cedardale United}: Church Women, who have an active year.. They take the an- nual Thanksgiving service and decorate the church suitably for the occasion:' They visit Hillsdale Manor every six weeks, sent out many cards to shut-ins, and at Christmas re- member shut-in friends with small boxes of treats. Last year they held a special service when movies of: Cedar- dale Church at work were shown, these depicted the many diverse activities of the church from all age groups. This year they are planning the special services for the an- niversary on February 20, 1965. Other members of the execu- tive are: past president, Mrs. W. Henning; vice - president, Mrs. Clarence Gunter; secre- tary, Mrs. E. Hoy;. treasurer, Mrs. R. Worsley; press report- er, Mrs. VY. Norton; card séc- retary, Mrs. F. Singer, Sr. Never substitute free - flowing iodized salt for pickling salt.| $ Free-flowing salt contains! starch which makes _ pickle! brine cloudy and helps the. growth of unwanted micro- organisms. | out of a total female population | | of 9,019,000. They represent 28 per cent ot | the working force, and half of | them are married. | MRS. WALTER BORYSICK RITSON H-S > WOMEN CADDIES Women make up almost. all the golf caddies in Japan and . more than half of all caddies in France. NEED =" BROADLOOM? 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