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12 THE OSHAWA TIMES, Wednesdey, October 28, 1964 Program For Land Reform Hastily Instituted In Peru Peru is a nation where 80 per cent of the arable land is owned by less than two per cent of the popula- tion. In this story, Paul Kidd of the Hamilton Spec- tater, writing for The Ca- most a year, has finally got a and refonm law on the books Conceived with a thorough- ness rare in Latin America, the farms and the ja any efficiently ran highly produc- 'ltive sugar and cotton planta- tions on the coast. But it hits the largest land- owners; the 7,000 families, for will have to give up one-third of their land. Further, low-wage employers and absentee landlords stand to example, lose all their land. Specifying that priated cattle, all buildings expro- and equipment be paid for in cash, Belaunde's new agrarian re- form provides that the land it- self be bought by the govern- ment with 18-year to 22-year 'hrough which he plans to re-lo48 articles of Peru's kand-re- settle 1,000,000 peasants. form law carefully outline the BIG OWNERS HIT exact procedure by which the Moving at full speed, he has|government can expropriate purchased in 1947, is in an ex- Swedish Embassy signed a bate requiring embassy President Johnson now has ildings h forth to Decision Averted WASHINGTON (CP)--United States legislation has saved Canada from a decision about bucking some Swedish construc- tion plans. Sweden wanted to build a new embassy business building--its be located in four specified com- mercially zoned areas. It ap- plies to each of the 110 coun- tries represented here, includ- ing Sweden, Poland and Algeria --all of whom had had applica- tions filed to build chanceries in residential zones. chancery -- next door to the home of Canadian Ambassador Charles Ritchie. The mansion, pensive, quiet area of Washing- ton and a number of residents were opposed to the project, al- DEED REMEMBERED MARGATE, England (CP)-- Solicitor and retired regular army captain, Ralph. Castello, who died here' recently, has Je't £75 to Harold Letts for rescuing Bond Market Surges Ahead TORONTO (CP)--The Cana- dian bond market surged ahead in relatively heavy trading Tuesday. Most issues, in both the long and short-term mar- kets, advanced. The long-term Canada market rose in the %4 to %4-point range. The 5'4-per-cent: issue due May 1, 1990 opened at 995g bid and rose in a 10 to 15-cent range. Day - to-day money. was in tight supply, money dealers said, and was available at 3% per cent. The 91-day treasury bills and the 182-day bills were un- changed from Monday's quotes and were available at 3.70 per cent and 3.86 per cent respec- tively. The corporate bond market was active and higher, as was the municipal market. The provincial bond. market closed higher in active trading. TV 'TIRES CHILDREN' NEW YORK (AP)--Two U.S. Air Force' doctors, Capt. Rich- ard M. Narkewicz and Capt. Stanley N. Graven, said in a report to the American Acad- emy -of . Pediatrics on their study of 30 children that too muck. television can produce a "tired child. syndrome." The -- anxiety produced by the tele- - vision viewing inhibits sleep, Thus the child is too tired to play. So he watches more tele- > -' vision, and it continues." 2 99% asked for instance, and closed at 100% bid and. 100% asked, : TAR'S BELIEF Fifteénth century sailors be- ENTER INDIA The number of migrants to . India from East Pakistan in 1964 has passed 700,000, an in- flux of 2,000 a day. The short-term market re- ipeated the performance and him when he was wounded on a Gaza battlefield in 1917. though Canada hadn't made up bonds carrying four to six per i its mind. cent interest, lieved that whistling would con- nadian Press, describes jure up a tempestuous wind. the government's hurried efforts to institute a pro- gram of land reform. By PAUL KIDD LIMA (CP)--At the 11th hour, Peru has begun its joumey along the highway of social re- nm. The question is: Can the lib- eral - minded government of President Fernando Belaunde Terry reach the road end of social change before the mid- night of violent revolution strikes? In the words of General An- gel Valdivia, who administers the state of Cuzco: 'Agrarian reform can be the answer, but it has to be done quickly." Peru is a paradox. Econom: ically, it is one of the healthiest countries in South America; so- cially, it is sick. A brutal statistic probes deeply into the cause of that sickness--four-fifths of the ara- ble land of this rugged, majes- tic Andean republic are owned by a mere 1.4 per cent of the population. And the country's 5,000,000 Indians, their feet invariably bare and their stomachs often empty, are getting weary of serfdom. Sporadically, the landless, Inca-descended Indians mani- fest their impatience in violent action. Grabbing rocks and machets, they invade the nearest large estate, known as a hacienda. NOT ALL REPULSED Usually, it takes contingents of civil guardsmen and federal police, lobbing tear gas bombs and firing shotguns, to hurl the the Indians back. Sometimes, they are not re- pulsed and remain squatting on the land they have seized. In the mountain-ringed area of Cuzco. once the capital of the great Inca empire, more than 100 land invasions have taken place during the last year. Communist agitation in this region is intense. Some 80,000 Indians have been organized in Red-dominated unions for po- litical action. Pro-Castro and pro-Chinese elements combined with Peru- vian Trotskyites to spark dis- turbances, and peasants are re- ported to have been armed with with guns from Bolivia and Cuba. A leading firebrand is 29- year old Trotskyite Hugo Bianco who was thrown in jail by the military junta which ruled Peru from July, 1962, to June last year. LAND TAKEN AWAY To the Indians, the iand sei- zures do not constitute theft; before the Spanish conquest of 1527, the land was theirs, and they lost it only after decades of vicious battles, followed by centuries of bloody repression. Today, most of the physical repression is gone, but the bulk of the land belongs neither to the Indians nor to the 5,500,000 cholos, as Peruvians of mixed blood are known. It is held, instead. by the country's 1,500,000 whites with 7,000 families owning one-third of the land On the Pacific coast, one hacienda starts at the sea, climbs over the Andes and slopes down to the plains be- yond, On the fringe of Lima's city limits, six haciendas average 15 square miles. each, with the prosperous owners paying their workers wages of 70 cents for a 13-hour day. Some hacienda-owners have set up company - like stores where Indians buy at high prices and become indebted. The debts pass down through generations and the workers are bound to the farm like serfs. SOME ARE SLAVES Indeed, in the worst in- stances, Indians are tied like slaves to a hacienda by law; they cannot leave, receive no pay and are granted only a small plot of land to work for themselves After working during the day, an Indian must watch the haci- enda owners' flock of alpacas, which roam at night. Should he lose an alpaca, he must pay for it with two from his own small herd. A. widely used narcotic, the coca Jeaf is stored in marked warehouses, Chewed by In- * dians, the drug keeps them in a dreamy, non-thinking state. It is from these cold, muddy Andean villages, where people walk in bare feet, that the riches of Peru go down to Lima, where the hacienda-own- ers build mansions. But, at last, this feudal hang- over is being smashed. President Belaunde, after be- ing handicapped by an opposi- tion- controfied Congress for al- already expropriated 937,-/12,000,000 acres of arable land. 300 acres of land. The law exempts from GUARANTEE: DOUBLE YOUR MONEY BACK! ALLGOOD 2-LB 9 9: SIDE BACON °° PROPERLY AND NATURALLY AGED TO ASSURE TENDERNESS SUPER-RIGHT QUALITY -- CANADA'S FINEST RED BRAND STEER BEEF _ BEEF SALE! 69: == 79: POINT SIRLOIN ROAST 89: ROUND STEAK, ROAST vote 7 Qe FULL SLICE or MINCED *43: SIDE BACON BONELESS BOTTOM ROUND POT ROAST NONE HIGHER STOCK UP ON CANNED FOODS Ai ATA AsP A«P Choice Quality PEAS '<--> 5 -. bs 9: SPECIAL! 07 TINS CHOICE QUALITY CUT A«P GREEN BEANS 20.4. 49: SPECIAL! 1 TINS CASE OF 24 TINS: $3.92 SMOKED -- SLICED -- RINDLESS Lb cello pko Mp Qe 53 » 53 serio Qe 4% 3% r 33 since 4% 53: 4% 6% + BURNS WIENERS COTTAGE ROLLS 'wwe ris.ces MOCK CHICKEN LOAF COMOMED HAM = "Wxcrxe" SIDE SPARE RIBS SLICED BEEF LIVER BEEF HEARTS weemmert HAM STEAKS PORK SAUSAGE CHICKEN CUTS SOLE FILLETS SCALLOPS AtP Low Prices Are As Advertised -- Nene Priced Higher What "NONE HIGHER" Means at A&P: Simply This ! It is your guarantee that you do not pay any higher price on the particular item of your choice than A&P's adve;tised price | AtP CAN SAVE YOU MONEY ON FRESH FRUITS & VEGETABLES ONTARIO GROWN, FINEST WITH STEAKS, NO. 1 GRADE ONTARIO GROWN, A Treat For Hallowe'en, Fancy Grade -- For Shellouts, buy them by the bushel hamper 1,99 SNOW APPLES «39: ONTARIO GLASS GROWN, CALYX ON, PINK VARIETY, SOMETHING DIFFERENT, NO. 1 GRADE TOMATOES »29: CALIFORNIA, NEW CROP, LARGE ORIGINAL BUNCHES, NO. 1 GRADE Virginia, Washed and Waxed, No. 1 Grade 3 Ibs 2 9: HEAD LETTUCE 19: SWEET POTATOES 2% 35¢ ONIONS so. 1cc siestouns 39 California, Large Clusters, Ne. 1 Grade 12 Blackpool telephone box ALL PRICES IN THIS AD GUARANTEED THROUGH SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31st, 1964 years ago by Christine Kyle of r : this Renfrewshire city, has been reiurned to her anonymously by mail. The money was still in the purse. BURNS SLICED PORTERHOUSE, WING or SIRLOIN STEAKS or ROASTS LEAN, MEATY PORK SUPER-RIGHT SKINLESS MAPLE LEAF, VAC PAC, REGULAR OR COOKED SCHNEIDER'S PURE COUNTRY 8TYLE PORTERHOUSE MINCED BEEF FRESH KILLED LEGS, THIGHS, BREASTS 3-WAY « CUT SEA SEALD BURNS SHAMROCK, SLICED, RINDLESS FRESH, IDEAL FOR COOKED AND MEAT LOAVES BREADED 5-LB CELLO BAG FANCY QUALITY, WHOLE KERNEL A:P CORN 3 CASE OF 24 TINS $3.92 SPECIAL! 14-fl- oz tins C ' A&P FANCY QUALITY Asparagus Tips CASE OF 24 TINS $8.88 HENLEY, CHOICE QUALITY Black Cherries 4: CASE OF 24 TINS $5.34 SPECIAL} SPECIALI 89: SPECIALE STEMS & PIECES Mushrooms CASE/OF 24 TINS $7.12 10-fl- RED EMPEROR ti oz tins C HONESTY PAYS PAISLEY, Scotland (C P)+A