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14 THE OSHAWA TIMES, Wednenday, July 24, 1963 "FOLLOW EXPLORERS' ROUTES traders The wo the explorers and fur more than 150 years. ago boys, accompanied by eaders start off from the RCAF at Cold from ave to hoy Eight west c scouls w tr by canoe from Alberta the Manitoba border following the routes reverse, taken by nas will base Lake, Neg ro Still Fighting ave To "Seeak Sl can eadet ned Amer sf itant f-discip become nowe A trip through the Deep "f South left Hareld Morrison, --m Canadian Press Washington -- se correspondent, with mixed have impressions of the Nero's ipted by plight. In this story he dis: cusses. present. day cendi- tions in the light of t!, Cen: turies of Negro histery HAROLD MORRISON risan senten Press Staff Writer aah sn ' Ry Canadian and equa man's arta his Ameri wh and Un ted | States ev n On as N tes WHITE MAN'S CHATTEL MAJORITY POOR \ < , 'Spectacular Increase Noted n New Taxes By Provinces cent from about $487,0p0,000]in the provinces is reflected injing and complex rate scales a current survey of provincial; Amusement tax is left to the Ry CARL MOLLINS Canadian Press Staff Writer The provinces, slow to take] full advantage of their consti tutional right to engage in direct taxation, have been making up for lost time in the last fow years Ten years ago the total jamount of money collected by federal and provincial govern }ments worked out to $325.71 for 'each man, woman and child in Canada, Today it's $426.98 And while the federal tax per capita went up by nine per cent, to $819.23) from $291.94, provincial taxation spiralled by) more than 200 per cent, to) $107.75 per capita from $33.77 Toial provincial revenue from taxes alone 'in the last fiscal year was more than $2,000,000, 000)--a jump of more than 300 } per jin 1982-53, Federal tax collec tions in the same period grew by 40 per cent to almost $6,000,; | 000,000 | The spectacular growth in provincial taxation. results mainly, but not entirely from the pariial transfer of personal and corporation income taxal ion to the provinces from the federal government. under. the 1962-68 fiscal agreement SALES TAX SPREADS The new. arrangement last year yielded about 38 per cent of the total provincial tax take, from a high of M per cent in Alberta to a low of 19 per cent in Prince Edward Island But commodity taxes account for about half the provincial tax revenue, retail sales and motor fuel taxes each producing an estimated $500,000,000 across Canada. last vear, Eight pro vinces now levy a general re tail sales tax compared with five provinces a decade ago Under the' arrangement the federal government relinquished a share of income tax ranging from 16 per cent in 1962 to 20 per cent by 1966, However, the provinces are not limited to this, They may impose income taxes over and above the per centage vacated by Ottawa and some do The new emphasis on taxation mould themselves into a potent political farce the dreaded, masked Ku Klux Klan ap peared, A Negro had but to look sideways .al a white girl and he would be seized and beaten, sometimes hanged. If the Southern white could not keep the Negro as a slave he would destroy him Ii the dying days of the 19th centary riders would pluck Negro babies from their moth and smash them to the ground, There was no pity; no remorse But. instead the .Negro grew Laws were passed, South, forcing the mask, though by some of their bloody work had paid off. Millions of Southern Negroes---2,000,000 alone in 1915 ~had moved north Today street demonstrations a major weapon in the campaign equality ount for th But the and wars pr the ers of disappearing in strength even in the KKK to un this" time Federal troops to enforce the there in 1937 bol of resistance were called in court's decision MANY INTEGRATED Last year at Oxford, Miss two men died and scores were injured when Negro James Meredith enrolled at the state university with the help of 12.000 soldiers In many gration nitial others oken wie of Dixie on NEEDED TO FIGHT bones, ¢ Wars required manpower. The the law. In brawn of Negro field hands was/nothing has esha skit.) But now \nd growth of Negro; organized if not completely ame a Ituraliunited. There are Negro ex ning which SS theitremists to match white ex @ man's imagination tremists. There are Negro pol Louis Armstrong, Fats Waller, /iticiaas, such as Represe enta- Duke Elling Cab Calloway, Uve Adam Clayton Pow yf Marian Anderson and Pau) New York, erving to his fellow R abesan sar niaved ana men The white man is afraid ed the nia the keep him on the run white man's have come a far journey New N distant era in 100 born. caref . the E says the U.S Aita,, Aug CP Photo for much courts ovided ro's and acc ublicity wa world of inte In school compete the he bare with almast states almost especially is in it is anly a comphance Mississippi changed Negro is nto hetier the red technical with an way heart We from the a vears since Prociamat Civil Rights C the beg f it eaders hoaled in were ibe man av and politics Riots, bombin Ivneh ammission continued t "A there slavery pnship 2 a fragile ambivalent mea tition of citi ull-blown Amer 1 more but ine a » was on the 1946 ensh word with The ever, is the anship p is vet ed for There Ave? or fully rea an NX gro Rabinsen was called up ground to kie ration + s' Columbia finances by the Canadian Tax Foundation, a private research! jorganization Ten years hows, oroviticial revenue was derived 39 per and M4 per cent from aon va sources such as licensing fees, permits, natural resources 'yoyalties and liquor profits, The rest came from federal grants Today taxation counts for 85 per cent of all provincial revenue and ul share from non-tax sources has fallen to 27 per cent, The shift to direct taxation as the chief source of revenue. holds true for all provinces but Alberta and rate second in importance Alberia collects more than $2 per cent of its revenue in the non-tax category, chiefly from levies on the oil industry, Direct @rect taxes account for more Jhan 30) per cent of its revenue, New foundiand geis the biggest part of its revenue, 47? per cent, in federal government payments, and, direct taxes provide 40 per cent payments make and 40 cent in the three Mar but they stil 40 and 30 cent taxes, All remaining provinces find well over their revenue in taxes, ranging from Saskatchewan's $5.5° per cent to Ontario's 78.4 per cent Despite the new deal under the present federal-provincial split, the provinées have sought new sources of income to mee burgeoning demands Rapidly increasing the three main areas vincial responsibility educa tion, roads and health--have helped to push up total spending in all provinces during the decade by nearly $2.900,000,000 fo almost §38.500.000 099 mated for the 1962-63 fiscal year. All but Saskatchewan es timated for def While the provinces are tually unanimous in taxing ome, consumption mer ment and automobile usage some have developed uniqut wrinkles Nova dist? aver € S at dolla on admission m Ontario, i on Federal between up a0 per of tolal revenue itime collect Provinces between per in costs in of pro ast Ast ens vit in- all long is 'costing ents Scotia laxes shone cal five © tel for er fraction tn enter on meals income n officially called yy goes into rT AML SEMENTS es except Saskat \lberta Rr h tax the admission amusements OViNe hewa and arice fay an vary Brooklyn pecome. the first base rom by Montrea ie On n major league 1950 .Raiph Bunch 20 KING ST, E. xnia The e 1934 Sup bullawing seheals bray NEW YORK RIOTS CANNING'S LTD. MEN'S WEAR -- ANNUAL -- SUMMER SALE Starts Thursday, 9 a.m. 725-1512 COATS SPORTSWEAR SLIMS SAVE uP TO 50 AND MORE ALL SALES FINAL Ni lontgome yh. LADIES' WEAR LTD. 26 KING ST. EAST 725.1831 a of on ty Furs In The New 1964 Fash New Styling In Furs At Low Augus Free Why settle for inferior quality, department Parking At Rear Of Store store, "bargain" furs, when you can buy TOP QUALITY furs et our low August Fur Sale Prices, COMPARE BOTH QUALITY and PRIC AUGUST SAL QUALITY FUR ons t Prices ! Air- Conditioned Comfort E You will be convinced that the best 75 KING ST. E. (Opposite Hote! Genosha) -MARTEN'S FURS 723-792) half] ; Saskatchewan municipalities in Saskatchewan, is shared between the province and municipalities in Quebec nd is levied both by the pro- nee and the inder separate Newfoundland, Pari-mutuel betting is taxed in all provinces but Newfound: land Taxes on consumption are the main sources of tax revenue in all provinces except Alberta and Manitoba, which have no general retail sales tax but! legislation in {collect on specified commodities) such as gasoline and tobaceo,| | Newfoundland, Prince Edward) Island, Nova Scotia, Saskatche:| wan and British Columbia tax} most retail sales at five per} cent, New: Brunswick and On. tario. at three per cent Quebec four per. cent, with an additional. two-per-cent munici pal sales tax in most large Quebec comniunities, Exemptions from sales tax} vary but commonly exempt are| food, medical prescriptions and} school books and small pur: hases, ranging from those be- low 11 cents. in Quebec to those below 25 cents in Prince Ed ward Island LIQUOR LUCRATIVE Liquor, a government monop oly in all provinces, is taxed at sale under the regular sales tax systems and Prince Edward Island imposes a special health! tax 10 a maximum rate of 10 per cent, Most provinces make] additional revenue on manufac-:/ turing licences or consumer} permits, Total provincial reve nue from liquor is estimated at about $250,000,000 a year Prince Edward Island Scotia, New Bruns wick Quebec and Manitoba levy a speci) ax on sales of tobacco oredecia and the regular retail taxes apply in Newfoundland, Ontario, Saskatchewan and Brit. ish Columbia Rates vary, but on a pack of] 20 cigarettes the taxes work out at four cents in Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Quebec and M anitoba two cents in} Newfoundland, Nova Scotia , and British Col- and a cent in Ontario previnces collect. pre Nova Sales umbia Three leas municipalities "ee |Prince Edward Island and)" miums for federally -assistedjon a gallon of gasoline ie 13 hospital insurance, Manitoba) cents a: and Saskatchewan charging $2/British Columb. for a single person and $4 a/l4 cents in Saskatchewan and family per month, Ontario's|Manitoba, 15 cents in Quebec, equivalent payments ites $2.10/18 cents. in New Brunswick and and $4.20 Prince Edward Island and 19 Motor fuel taxes, drivers'; cents in Nova Scotia and New- licences, vehicle registration,!foundland commercial licences, fines and) Ordinary drivers' licences are other charges relating to thejissued for varying terms from use of motor vehicles produced| one to five years and there are revenue of more than $629,000,-/other provincial variations, But 000 in all provinces in the 1961. 62} in general the annual fees work fiscal year--22.5 per cent ofjout at $1 in Prince Edward total provincial revenue that/Island, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta and Brit- Motor fue] taxes made up 7ll/ish Columbia, $2 in New Bruns- per cent of the automotive rev: wick and Manitoba, $2.50 in enue, vehicle registration char: | Quebec and $3 in Newfoundland, ges almost wpe cent, Fines! ppivers' licences in Ontario or motoring infractions brought a ms in almest $3,000,000, about | additional a" peril pa $1,100,000 of it in Ontario. -- 'i iprovincial unsatisfied judge - Each registered motor vehicle; mont funds, Alberta car owners represented $113) in provincial nay $1 and Manitoba owners 50 revenue on the average across!cents a year. into their funds. nts in 1961-82 Vehicle registration . charges every province taxes motor also vary among provinces and fuel at point of. retail sale.jcar types, Annual fee for a jdiese| fuel bringing a higher|/medium, six-cylinder passenger jrate than gasoline in all pro-jcar ranges from $15 in Alberta, vinces but Newfoundland and! 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