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She Oshawa Times 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1963---PAGE 6 Source Deduction Easy But Deceives Taxpayer It is only at this time of the year, when the voice of the tax collectors is heard most strongly about the land, that many Cana- dians realize just how much of their income goes to government. They look at the little slip of paper which tells them how much they have had taken from their pay cheques during the year, and suddenly what has been only a weekly deduction looms large indeed. And most of them probably do not remember that the system of deduction-at-the-source was. intro- duced only during World War Two. It is a collection method which has many obvious advantags for govern- ment, Since the law requires every em- ployer to deduct the amount owing to Ottawa before any worker re- ceives his wage envelope or salary cheque, the government is guaran- teed against bad debts. The book- keeping done by business and in- dustrial companies on behalf of the tax office saves Ottawa millions of dollars a year, though all of that cost undoubtedly is ultimately paid by the public in the prices of goods and services. With a steady, predic- table revenue from this source the government possibly saves on aud- iting and borrowing costs. And, perhaps most. important from the political viewpoint, since the tax- payer never actually has the money in hand, he tends to lose sight of just how much he pays in total in a year through the personal income tax. It may be, too, that the taxpayer assumes there is only benefit in the compulsory instalment payment system. At least he is relieved of the scramble to find the cash for a lump-sum payment each April 30° But is this convenience really a good thing? Former President Fis- enhower, having spent his two years out of office in pondering the problems of preserving the demo- cratic system, thinks not. Accord- ing to a report in the New York Times, Mr. Eisenhower "has been quietly promoting the idea that no more than half of an individual's income tax be collected in the form of withholding from earnings." Mr. Eisenhower is disturbed by today's acceptance of mounting government spending and regular deficits as a normal and healthy fiscal policy. Public Housing Doubts Nowhere in Canada are there urban areas as blighted or extensive as the slums found in large cities in the United States. But all our cities have their slums of near- slums, and the difference is largely one of size -- our cities are simply not as large as those in the United States. It is not strange, then, that more has been done to attack the problem of slum clearance in the United States than in Canada, and that more has been found out about the problems that follow the clear- ance and the subsequent building of public housing projects. Now there is a brisk argument over the housing projects in the mer, New York had to add 150 men to its 614-man Housing Auth- ority police force and put 250 guards with nightsticks into lobbies at night. Regarding illness, a study made in Boston by Dr. Leonard Duhl of the U.S. public health ser- vice showed that some people who are moved into housing projects have more problems because "emo- tional and social supports" of their old neighborhoods are eliminated. Another problem, seemingly com- mon to all welfare programs, is that some families tend to settle in to subsidized housing and count on the aid for the next generation Tiuttad: Mites, and ft hae bees {and the next. Also, because the started not by opponents of the projects but by supporters of slum clearance who think there is enough accumulated evidence now to war- rant a reappraisal of the manner in which slums are replaced. One major disappointment of the institutionalized public housing de- velopment has been its limited effect on deep-rooted community problems, such as crime and disease. A New York City police source says that lawlessness in housing projects usually is less than in slums. Never- theless, after an outbreak of purse snatchings, muggings and other crimes in some projects last sum- more self-reliant families never move in or have to move out when income passes an eligibility limit, some housing projects become com- munities without the leadership to improve social, educational or econ- omic standards. In attempting to meet some of the criticisms raised by friends of public housing, Mrs. Marie McGuire, head of the Public Housing Ad- ministration in the U.S., is asking builders and architects to help with improving the dull uniformity of public housing; she also hopes to be able to build smaller housing units and disperse them throughout com- munities. EFTA May Be The Key Prime Minister Diefenbaker and Prime Minister Macmillan were fairly close-mouthed about the talk they had in London during the former's visit to be made a Freeman of the city this week. But it's no "secret that what they talked about was trade and trade associations. And one topic could very well have been the role of EFTA -- the Euro- pean Trade Association, or 'Outer Seven". EFTA was conceived as a bridge between its members and the Com- She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN. KINSEY, Editor Oshawa Times combining The Oshawe Times (established 1871! and the Whitby Gazette and Chronicle (established 1863) is published daily (Sundays ype statutory holidays ene, Ne ul oO Daily ers Association. The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dallies Association, The Canadian Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of all news despatched in the paper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. All rights of special des- patches are also reserved. Otfices: Thomson Building, Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; Montreat, P.Q. Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Homptyp, Frenchman's Boy, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, 5 , Burketon, Claremont, Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan, Blackstock, inchester, i and Newcastle, not over mail (in Province of Ontario) 425 University 640 Cothcart Street, 45¢ week, ouiide carriers delivery areas 12.00 per year. 0! ther ith Gountries 15.00, rovinces U.S.A. end fereign 24.00, mon Market, but from the start. it looked outward, keeping an open door to world trade, as contrasted with the Common Market's sur- rounding "outer tariff wall'. The United States tended to down- grade EFTA while Britain was negotiating for entry to the Com- mon Market, but the situation is now radically changed. There is no prospect of de Gaulle's changing his hostile attitude to British member- ship in the EEC, but the Kennedy administration still wants to build a stronger Atlantic trade bridge -- strong enough to be enlarged beyond the Atlantic community. As the Christian Science Monitor points out, "EFTA, with about 85 million people as against EEC's 165 million, now looks like a new key for an Anglo-American policy to restore unity to the Atlantic alliance and to refurbish British relations with the Commonwealth." This does not mean a trade war with the Common Market. Far from it -- the goal is still greater econ- omic and political co-operation. But EFTA provides the opportunity for a new approach, now that de Gaulle has blocked the obvious one, And Canada should be taking an active part in exploring that approach. 4 SEE REPORT FROM U.K. Tales Of Courage Related In Awards By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent For The Oshawa Times LONDON The presenta- tions of the awards for the Duke of Edinburgh's adventure scheme is bringing to light some remarkable stories of courage and endurance of young people who have overcome great handi- caps to qualify for the awards. One such story is that of Ray- mond Batkin, a 19-year-old lad whose home is in New Cross, a southern. suburb of London. Later this year, Raymond Bat- kin will go to Buckingham Pal- ace to be presented by Prince Philip in person with the gold award, the highest possible in the Prince's Outward Bound course. When this 19-year-old youth goes to the palace, he will not be able to hear a single word of the ceremony, but by lip reading, he will understand every word of Prince Phillip's address of presentation. He has YOUR HEALTH Treatment Needed Until Peril Ends By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD Dear Dr. Molner: When I en- tered the army in 1943 my blood showed a positive Kahn test. I took 500,000 units of penicillin and was Ok. now it is positive again. Could this be hereditary? I know of no other way it could have happened.--J.A.L. We usually give more than 500,000 units of penicillin for a complete treatment for syphilis, but the fact that your blood test became negative the first time is a good sign. It may be that you need further treatment. It is also possible that you are one of those unfortunate people whose blood test won't change. It happens. But with proper evaluation of your case, and treatment if it is needed, you can at the same time be with- out any clinical indications of the disease. Enough of the germ is in the blood to make a test positive, but except for that you can be well, and not run a risk of passing the disease on to any- one else. Incidentally several newer and more sensitive tests have been developed in the last 20 years, and can do a' more ac- curate job, in difficult cases, than can the Kahn or Wasser- man tests. However, those two tests are still very useful for most punposes. As to whether your case is hereditary, I'd have no way of knowing, but what's the differ- ence? Whether the disease is contracted as a result of hered- ity, or through the more usual way, it still should be treated until it no longer is a. peril either to the patient or his fam- ily. Dear Doctor: is it possible to get syphilis from a man who TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Feb. 28, 1963... Raphael Santi, one of the most celebrated Italian painters, was born 480 years ago today--in 1483. Despite the shortness of his life--he died in 1520 -- some 1,400 works are attributed to Ra- phael. It was said of him that in his last years he fore- saw artistic possibilities far beyond his time. and that painters such as Rembrandt and Rubens and even. the Moderns made use of his "inexhaustible richness."" 1959 ~ Eight persons, seven of them chi.dren, died when a hocwey rink roof collapsed under snow at Listowel, Ont. 1808 -- The French cap tured the Spanish city of Barcelona. has had relations with a woman yet he does not have the disease himself?--Mrs. B.J. I never have known the dis- ease to be passed on in that fashion. While I can imagine cir- cumstances under which I sup- pose it could happen, they would be so extraordinary as to be scarcely believable. The syphilis germ, you see, doesn't survive very long ex- cept in the human body. But in the human body--oh, how per- sistent it is. For a person to carry the germ for more than a very short time, give it to some- one else, yet not contract the disease himself would be quite unusual. Dear Dr. Molner: ever get cured mouth?--MM. Certainly, but the quicker you get to yeur dentist, the sooner you'll be cured. Can one of trench FIGHT UNILATERALISTS LONDON (CP) -- Politicians, churchmen, trade unionists and w.omen's organizations are backing the Multilateral Dis- armament Information Centre. The centre will combat the uni- lateral Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament and the Commit- tee of 100 with pamphlets and speeches. been totally deaf since he was six years old, and he is the first boy with such an affliction to win a gold medal. NEAR DEATH Raymond Batkin is a son of 46-year-old Edward Batkin, who is a station inspector for the British railways. Of his son, Mr. Batkin says: ' "Twice he was on the verge of death. He came out of it um- scathed except for the loss of his hearing, but he has always been determined to do as weil as other boys who have all their faculties." It was this spirit of determin- ation which carried him through with flying colors at the Mary Hare Grammar School for the Deaf, at Newbury, in Barkshire. During his education there, he captained the school's football and cricket teams. He attained two "A"'s and 10 Ordinary level subjects in securing his general certificate of education. One of his subjects was French, which he learned by lip-reading. QUEEN'S SCOUT Raymond won life-saving cer- tificate and passed through the progressive stages of Prince Phiflp's award at a tough Out- ward Bound school. He also joined his local troop of Boy Scouts, and in due course became a Queen's Scout. In the near future he is to be present- ed with the Baden-Powell Award, one of scouting's high- est prizes. Raymond was the first deaf boy who was ever accepted to take the Outward Bound course. Says his father: "Raymond was the guinea-pig on whose efforts it was decided whether or not more deaf chil- dren should be admitted." For the Duke of Edinburgh's Gold Award, he had to hike 72 miles in Ireland, climb moun- tains in Scotland and Wales, and had also fo acquire a consider- able knowledge of astrenomy. His father gives much of the credit for his son's progress to the Mary Hare Schoo! for the Deaf for insisting that he learn the lip-reading technique rather than the use of sign language Raymond works in a labora- tory, but he is hoping to go to a university. His prowess as a football player has attracted the scouts of professional teams, and he has been offered a trial by the English third division club Millwall. But the proudest day of his life will be the day when he walks through the gates and past the sentries at Buckingham Palace to receive his Gold Award from the hands of the Queen's husband, Prince Philip. BY-GONE DAYS 30 YEARS AGO Oshawa churches observed Brotherhood Week, The budget for the year was adopted by City Council. It in- cluded a tax rate boost from 44 to 46 mills. The Young Men's Club of St. George's Anglican Church pres- sented their ninth annual min- strel show under the direction of Harold Smith and Robert Stacey. Oshawa Public Welfare Board provided relief for 1156 families as compared with 1486 three months previously. George Cameron, of Whitby, marked his 94th birthday. The budget for the Board of Health was drastically cut from $28,000 to $18,000 W. E. N. Sinclair, KC, MLA, participated in the debate. in the Ontario Legislature. George Hart was elected president of the Oshawa Cham- ber of Commerce. The Public Utilities Commis- sion had a debit of $9,188 for electricity. The Women's Welfare League reported that during January 628 families consisting of 1,087 adults, 1,594 children and 71 single persons were helped with clothing at a total cost of $1,598.31, Members of the Oshawa Blue Imps junior hockey team were Suests of the Kiwanis Club ax a banquet. : A collection of 17 paintings, the work of Oshawa artists, was hung in the annual art exhibition of the Lyceum Wom- en's Art Association at Toronto. The artists were Mrs. Ewart McLaughlin, Mrs, Robert Hen- derson, Mrs. C. M. Rogers, Miss Lillian Pirie, Miss A. M. Corah and Mrs. J. Cowan. Fire of unknown origin com- pletely destroyed the plant of the Oshawa Shoe Company, Ritson road south, in an early morning blaze. A painting of His Majesty the King was received by the Officers' Mess of the Ontario Regiment from Lord Green- wood, formerly a résident of Whitby. . ' OTTAWA REPORT Note To US. Pal On Canada Crisis By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--Letter to a United States pen-pal: Dear Ed, You write that your local newspaper black-out in New York forces you to see ail things, including the Canadian crisis, through a glass, darkly. General Norstad, you suggest, publicly rebuked the Canadian prime minister for weishing on specific commitments to accept tactical nuclear warheads for NATO and NORAD forces. Is this true or false? you ask. Your question opened a can of worms. The first of Canada's eight air squadrons with the NATO forces in Europe has re. cently received its new aircraft. The second of the two Bomarc sites in Canada has not yet been completed. Canada could not use nuclear tips on aircraft and mis- siles not yet in service. Those tips would have to be provided by the U.S. who however insists upon keeping control of them. Their acceptance therefore in- volves a delicate international agreement, and our prime min- ister told Parliament last month that these negotiations have "been going on quite forcibly for two months or more." Nor- stad improperly and undiploma- tically interfered in Canadian politics by publicly expréssing his personal views on this mat- ter in Canada recently. 'STATE GOOFED "I gather that our state de- partment goofed in either the wording, the timing or the re- lease of its note of protest; true or false?"' you ask further. This note, drafted in your state department and approved Computers Speed Work Of Weather Prediction By ALEXANDER FARRELL MONTREAL (CP) -- G-20 is about to be called in on the case of the mysterious *tmosphere. Weather forecasters now get a lot more information than they used to about atmospheric conditions all over the northern hemisphere. In fact, they get so much that if they have to sit down and figure it all out they can't arrive at a forecast until it's not a forecast any longer. This is where G-20 enters the picture. G-20 is a 10-unit, $1,250,- 000 computer system installed last year in a sound-proofed room at the Canadian meteor- ological service in Montreal. It now is undergoing a series of trial runs and is scheduled to become a fulltime operating partner of the weatherman some time this summer. Its task is divided into three steps, data processing, analysis and forecasting, requiring less in Germany, Sweden, France, Britain, Russia and Japan. WOULD NEVER ERR James Leaver, officer in charge of the central analysis office at the Montreal weather bureau, said: "Computers are rapidly taking the uncertainty out of forecasting. If we could ever feed computers all the nec- essary information, we would someday be able to get perfect weather forecasts.' Michael Kwizak, supervisor of numerical weather prediction, said that up to now it has been necessary to apply unaided hu- man memory and intelligence to the reams of weather data that pour into the office. One disadvantage of this is that there is a limit to the amount of data and experience the hu- man brain can store up and bring together into meaningful calculations. BY a top presidential aide in the White House, was released to the press in Washington. It was in effect a diplomatic note ex. pressing the U.S, government's commeits upon the Canadian prime minister's speech to the Canadian. Parliament. Such a note should of course 'have been made through diplomatic, namely private, inter - govern- mental channels. Diplomacy by press release is an unattractive and brash new practice, espe- cially undesirable when its effect is to interfere in the domestic politics of a.friendly nation-- and as our Social Credit leader, leader, Bob Thompson, recently so truly said, Uncle Sam is our closest friend whether we like it or not. ANTI-U.S. CAMPAIGN "I hear that Prime Minister Diefenbaker will base his elec- tion campaign on Canadian na- tionalism and anti - American- ism," you add, asking again "true or false?"' It would be deplorable if our politics, especially an election campaign, should ever feature a position of opposition to an ally, especially our closest neighbor and best trade customer Hnewog ted course we are an even tter custo) to you, and this fact did pre the Norstad - state department brashness). All Canadians are nationalistic, just as all loyal citizens of the U.S. are, To be "'pro-Canadian," to have a sen- sitivity about our national sov- ereignty when Uncle Sam treads on its toes, is still not being "anti-American." "Tt have the impression that in our three most recent con- troversies with our three most important allies, Britain, France and Canada, we have been right in principle aithough tactless in handling--true or false?" you ask finally. Your rightness in principle can be no more than a sense of rightness in your own mind, There are very genuine con- flicts of opinion, which should be frankly discussed in an amic- able fashion. The great ray of hope for your allies is that you are aware that, like a great big clumsy coltish puppy, while wagging your tail you may in- advertently with it knock over the pitcher and spill the milk. So let's mop it up together and not let that incident linger among our greater worries. Good luck, Ed, and come up and see us sometime! than an hour to complete. Data from observation sta- tions all over the northern hem- isphere, including China and the Soviet Union, pour into. the Montreal office at 12-hour inter- vals. 1,000 LINES A MINUTE Expressed in the language of mathematics, this information adds up to about 15,000 teletype lines that have to be decoded and sorted into various categor- jes, such as temperature, hu- midity, pressure and wind di- rection and speed. The next step is to interpret all this information in order. to get the broad weather picture for the whole hemisphere, and the final step is to predict how this picture will change in the next 48 hours. The new weather computer, first in Canada, can do 100,000 additions in one second. It can multiply 25,000 eight- digit numbers faster than you can say "two times two is... wh... four." The unit on which the com- puter's calculations emerge on paper, the line - printer, can print them at the rate of 1,000 lines a minute. To the layman's eye, these lines are a jumble of numbers and letters. The meteorologist, understanding them to mean such things as "'cold front mov- ing east across Alaska," trans- lates them into weather maps and forecast charts. Computers were introduced into weather research and ana- lysis in the United States in 1954 and have since come into use Mercy Killing Remains Cruel, Goading Question By JOHN BARBOUR ANN ARBOR, Mich, (AP)-- Listen to these hurt voices, raised over the human debris from one of man's most bitter mistakes--thalidomide: A mother--'If I had thought my baby was going to be de- formed, I would have done .my best to see that it was not born." Another mother--"During the first six months I would have much preferred to nave the child put to sleep. But then the child developed his own person- ality and now I could not do without him." A lawyer--"The accused have never denied having taken their tragic decision. They have said they did not regret it." A woman -- "There will be criticism of me no matter what I do, But I'd rather have that for months than have a child deformed for years. . . . Sweden is the most realistic, down-to- earth country in the world." This last woman is an Ameri- can, denied an abortion in her country, but given one in Swe- den_to prevent the birth of her baby which might have been deformed. THOUSANDS DEFORMED All of these voices tell of the 6,000 deformed babies left in New Zealand Socialists" Face Leadership Crisis By J.C. GRAHAM Canadi Press Correspondent AUCKLAND (CP)--The New Zealand Labor party is facing a leadership crisis. The solution may bear on its hopes of becom. ing the government later this year. For 13 years the party has been led by the redoubtable vet- eran Walter Nash, a senior La- bor cabinet minister as long ago as 1935. He was prime minister from 1957 to 1960 and now is op. position leader, He retains a complete grip on the labor movement to this day, But Nash now is 81. He planned to retire last year, but his deputy and heir apparent, C. F. Skinner, died suddenly after a short illness, Keen competition ensued for the post of deputy leader, carry- ing the assurance of early suc- cession to the leadership. The party was so acutely divided among several contenders that eventually the choice went to a compromise candidate, F', Hack- ett. But even this solution im- mediately ran into trouble. WON'T STAND Hackett entered hospital for a serious and unforeseen brain operation. He now is back in harness after a long convales- cence, He says he intends to re- main in politics, but will not be a candidate for leadership of the party when Nash retires, Faced with these successive emergencies, Nash has con- tinued to carry the burden of leadership. But he has an- nounced his intention to retire as leader of the party imme- diately after the New Zealand tour by the Queen this month. That throws the whole situa- tion open once more. The ob- vious leader, long recognized as the ablest man in the party, is A. H. Nordmeyer, 61, But many Labor supporters maintain that he would be a political liability in the post. A one-time, Presbyterian min- ister, Nordmeyer has been 28 years in politics and held cab- inet posts in the last two Labor governments. But he has never. been popular with the trade un. ion movement and as minister of finance he earned intense na- tional dislike for the "black bud- get" of 1958, in which he met an economic crisis with savage tax increases over a wide field. NOT FORGOTTEN This budget has never been forgotten or forgiven and Nord. meyer gained a reputation for austerity as an uncompromising taxer, The 1958 budget, said to have had:a lot to do with Labor's de- feat in 1960, is also thought to have played a part in Nord- meyer being passed over last year in favor of Hackett in the contest for deputy leader of the party. Opposition to him re. mains substantial. Some Labor supporters favor M. Moohan, a genial Irishman aged 63, farther to the right in the party than Nordmeyer and a former national party secretary and minister for railways from 1957 to 1960, He was popular with trade unionists and has friends in all political parties. the wake of the widespread use of thalidomide, a drug given to calm and tranquillize but which unexpectedly struck at develop- ing babies within their mother's wombs, They raise a question ever present in modern society: ~ How far does*man dare goin determining his own future, his own environment, life itself? Mercy - killings and infanti- cides, abortions and contracep- tions all somehow arrive at that question, There are some who say: "'If man is going to determine his fate, he must then take respon- sibility for his mistakes--even if he must decide life and death." There are others who say: 'We have been taught that hu- man life is sacred. This is the basis of the Judaeo-Christian ethic, the difference between civilized life and barbarism. Man would be as pretentious to presume he gives life, as to presume to take it." It is, of course, not a prob- lem that. began with thalido- mide, but one that has existed as long as society. LESS DANGER The ancient Greeks, Romans and some Germanic peoples practised infanticide as a mat- ter of course -- a primitive means of population and family. control. In. his book, The Sanc- tity of Life in Criminal Law, Glandville Williams points out that in the primitive scheme of things, this was less rous to a mother than unskilled abor- tion or crude methods of con- traception. Even today the news focuses each year on dozens of cases before the courts--cases of in- fanticide, mercy-killings of el- derly persons in great pain and incurably ill. Even doctors sometimes give in after a personal battle to Save a flickering, painful life. It was a Belgian doctor who prescribed the poison for a mother to dispose of her thali- domide-deformed baby, In the United States, a doctor injected an air bubble into the vein of a fatally ill patient, and the patient died. The doctor entered his deed in the hospital record. . In both cases, juries acquitted the doctors. ' It is not uncommon to read of a daughter who killed her fatally ill father--or of afather who--unable to stand the con- stant grief and futile care-- killed his deformed and re- tarded daughter. This is a netherland of law and ethics, Juries have often disregarded the law and freed the accused, But juries are un- predictable--and some persons have been given long prison terms. é One lawyer says that for every case that is prosecuted, there are likely many others that never come to trial or pub- lic notice, In most countries, death by another's hand is murder or manslaughter by law, despite the circumstances. There are exceptions. In Swit- zerland a doctor--faced with an aged patient doomed to death-- may place a poison within reach of that patient, with impunity, under the law.