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'She Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher THURSDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1961 -- PAGE 6 Khrushchev Talks About Productivity And Wages The Khrushchev who talks to the Russians can be vastly different from the Khrushchev who talks to the world. This was pointed out by Soviet expert Edward Crankshaw in a commentary on Khrushchev's recent swing through the Soviet Union's "back country", a tour during which he talked "day in and day out to farming audiences, blaming, prais- ing, exhorting, sacking, above all forever explaining." The Khrushchev speeches to the peasant groups are revealing, not only of the man, but of the economic con- dition of the Soviet Union and of the pragmatic approach to economic ques- tions when the obscuring Marxian ver- biage is shed. Here he is, for example, talking to the farms of the virgin lands at Tselinograd: "Comrade Likhobaba was right when he said there should be no wage differen- tiation between people who are equally skilled and who perform equally im- portant duties... But the level of wages must correspond to the level of material production, Labor productivity must be always one jump ahead of the growth of wages. This must be understood by all Communists, all Soviet people. "The question of wages is a big state question. Their level depends entirely on the output of produce, on the pro- ductivity of labor in a given society. Since 1953 the output of produce in the countryside has increased. But there is still not enough meat and milk. Why? Beceuse the wages of workers and offi- cials and the incomes of collective farm- ers have' increased. "If we raise wages and the total of wages is higher than the total of goods, what happens? You will have a lot of money, but you will not be able to buy meat and milk in the shops because the output of produce will fall still farther behind the population's purchasing power." With a few speeches like that, Mr. Khrushchev would be a hit at the annual meeting of the Canadian Chamber of Commerce or the Manufacturers' As- sociation. Mumbo-Jumbo In Congo In Vachel Lindsay's rhythmic poem, "The Congo," is a warning that "Mumbo- Jumbo will hoo-doo you." There's plenty of mumbo-Jumbo about the Congo ex- pressed by critics. of United Nations action there. They seem to have been "hoo-dooed" by myths and misinterpre- tations, the Milwaukee Journal remarks. Take the case of President Moise Tshombe of Katanga. He is pictured as a strong anti-Communist, dedicated be- liever in democracy, a responsible leader of e stable government and a great man af peace. Tshombe may be anti-Communist, but last July he made a formal bid to the Communist bloc for arms with which to fight the United Nations. He has sent missions to Communist countries asking help and has one in Czecho- slovakia right now, the Journal points out. More than 18 months ago the last election was held in Katanga for a 60 seat legislature. Tshombe's party won 27 seats. For months fewer than half of the legislators have been attending the infrequent sessions. The majority tribe in Katanga, the Balubas, strongly oppose Tshombe. There has been neither stability nor peace in Katanga since it broke away from the central Congo government, From the start Tshombe's forces fought the Balubas. Thousands of them have sought protection in UN camps. Tshombe has brought in foreign, white mercenaries to lead his troops. It was Tshombe's forces that started the fighting with the UN. After weeks in which UN personnel were beaten, am- bushed and murdered, he attempted to cut their communications which supply areas, airfields and the outside world. The UN fought because it was attacked and because it needed to keep its com- munication lines open. Even during the present cease fire Tshombe's sharp- shooters have been sniping at UN per- sonnel. What of the charge that the UN should have been fighting Antoine Gizenga instead of Tshombe? For one thing, Gizenga has not openly broken with the central government. His forces are small and can be handled easily if the need arises. He is ot attacking the UN. And how about the claim that Ka- tanga should be allowed to "go it alone"? Tshombe himself still says he believes in a united Congo under a federation. He has signed an agreement to join the central government. He could go back on his word again, Convenient Red Target The NATO powers have scorned the Soviet Union's demands that the West German general, Adolf Heusinger, be turned over for trial as a war criminal, but that is not likely to discourage the Russians, They have picked on Heusin- ger as a convenient target whenever they wish to make a propaganda attack on NATO itself; when their threats against individual members of NATO are ignored, they try to picture the alliance as an organization, staffed by war criminals, plotting war against the Soviet Union. Heusinger makes a convenient target. He was standing beside Hitler and was badly injured when the bomb exploded in the officers' assassination plot in 1944. She Oshawa Zimes T. L. WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor Offices: Thomson buliding, 425 University Avenue, Teconte Ontorice 640 Catheart Street, Mentreol, PG. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Deliverea carriers in Oshawa. Whitby, Alox, Picker ecinavite, Grocktn Gort Perry, Prnes Albert. Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpoct, Taunton, Tyrone. Ounbarton Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Brough Burk ¢c Columbus, Greenwood Kinsale, Ragion Blackstock, hy Ponty end \ Mot over 450 oo #%,J i200 oe Other pot tag oth 1500. USA ané Foreign 24.00 Circulation for the issue of November 30, 1961 He knew such a plot existed but was not part of it. He did not expose his fellow officers but neither did he join the attempt against Hitler. What it boils down to, is that Heusinger has been, all his life a professional soldier, taking orders and avoiding political entangle- . ments. He was a general before Hitler grabbed power in Germany. He stayed in the army under Hitler until he was arrested by the Nazis in 1944. He is now chairman of the permanent North At- lantic Treaty Organization military com- mittee. After the war Heusinger was thorough- ly investigated. The Allies gave him a clean bill of health. So did a special committee of the West German bundeg tag. He was appointed to a post in the new West German army, which is under NATO. The West German forces, vital to NATO, are strictly defensive forces, even as NATO itself is defensive. Russia knows this. It knows ,too, that the Allies in NATO, well aware of Germany's past record, can be counted on to see that the West German military is controlled, The Russian outcry about Nazis in the West German government and mili- tary is hypocritical. West Germany has been much more active in eliminating Nazis from its councils that East Ger- many, the Soviet puppet. At last count there were 50 prominent éx-Nazis in the East German government, nine in high Positions. Bible Thought The king of Israel said, "There is yet one man by whom we may inquire of the Lord, Micaiah the son of Imlah; but I hate him, for he never prophesies good concerning me, but always evil." --II. Chronicles 18:7, Ss J, Mm 4 GEARS THAT MESH REPORT FROM U.K. Notes Differences In Two Countries By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Corres To The Oshawa Times LONDON -- One of the great differences between life in Can- ada and life in England whieh I have noted since coming over to this country over three and a half years ago, has been the contrast in styles of housing ac- commodation in the two coun- tries. Apart from the fact that only in the most modern homes now being built is central heat- ing considered a necessity, there are other aspects in which the majority of British homes fall far short of Canadian standards. That has been my view ever since settling down here. In particular. the difference is most noticeable in the stand- ards of kitchens and their equip- ment. Most kitchens in average homes are very small and dingy, with nothing in the way of mod- ern equipment, a bare minimum of cupboard space, and with little to add to their con- venience. VIEW SUPPORTED I had felt that perhaps I was poarongay | in favor of Canadian mes. My views, however, have been strongly supported by a report which has been present- ed to the government by a com- English Estate Owners Build Fallout Shelters LONDON (CP)--Fallout shel- ters are becoming fashionable in rural England. Until recently the possibility of nuclear war inspired little more than a cheerful apathy in tte United Kingdom. People concentrated on demonstrating against the bomb, rather than on worrying what to do when it fell. But reports of the shelter craze in the United States and publication of do - it - yourself helt plans in a provincial QUEEN'S PARK Man-0f-The-Year Choice Bypassed By DON O'HEARN TORONTO -- This year we won't be picking a man of the year here for 1961. There are a number who might partially qualify. But ac- tually there is not one--at least not one who stands out in recol- lection--who has made the ne- cessury contribution beyond all others. MR. ROBARTS The obvious choice, of course, would be Premier Robarts. Mi. Robarts certainly made the biggest strides ahead dur- img the year and he had the most prominence. But his contributions are yet to cone. He has had little chance as yet to be more than a caretaker while he forms the plans for his government. MR. WINTERMEYER Opposition Leader John Win- termeyer rates special atten- ion The Liberal leader really be- INSIDE YOU | Doctor Answers gan to come into his own dur- ing the year. However his contribution still alsc 1s one to come. His most significant effort, so far as he personally and his party were concerned, was his hardling of the crime contro- verry. However in terms of the fu- ture this most likely was not his most important step. More probably it was the pro- pesal he brought forward for a $25 sales tax. his was the first product of the «tudy program he has in- itiated. And it was a promising one. But once again it was princi- paily a promise of the future. MR. MACAULAY Former Premier Frost? : His act of retiring was the most noteworthy of the year. And his sales tax was the most radical. But neither were essentially constructive. Provincial treasurer James || Allan? No. He does more than ' Readers' Queries By BURTON H. FERN, MD DEAR DOCTOR: I have an itch. Sometimes it's real bad. What should I do? Mrs. T. T. Dear Mrs. T.: Scratch and ecat -- to the nearest doctor, who can find out when, where, how, what and why. Meanwhile, calamine lotion may help. Dear Doctor: I've been told to drink the juice from half a lemon in a glass of water each morning, to help my arthritis. Will orange juice and grape- fruit work as well? Mrs. D. H. Dear Mrs. H.: With faith and fruit, who knows what wonders to expect? After a month or so, let's hear what you thiak about this citrus cure -- and we'll tell everyone else! LIKE GELATIN? Dear Doctor: Is calves-foot jelly the same as gelatin? Mrs. C. §. Dear Mr. S.: Calves-foot jelly is one kind of gelatin -- and protein made by boiling animal bones, skin, hoofs and other tissue. Gelatin lacks wheat's rich supply of certain essential build- ing blocks, but with toast or cereal, calves-foot jelly helps make you strong as an ox. Dear Doctor: I'm 73. Why should my bladder continually empty itself when I stand? Mr. J. A. Dear Mr. A.: A swollen pros- tate gland can push the outlet part way up the front of the funnel - shaped bladder and you stand, the outlet works like a bathtub overflow, emptying any fluid above its level. Ask your doctor about a urol- ogy specialist or clinic. CAN'T CONCENTRATE Dear Soctor: After many tests to discover why I can't seem to concentrate, my doctor - PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM Sign seen in laundromat: "After you have finished your washing, be sure to remove all your clothes." "Instead of beink contented, cows are actually bitter and neurotic," says a veterinarian. They might as well be people. "Small men are better for shooting into space than large ones," says a rocketeer. These rocket experts are regular men- tal wizards, aren't they? "It's morbid curiosity that moves a person to build a fall- out shelter," said Old Sore- head, "'so that in case of an atomic attack he can emerge two weeks later and see what a fuined world looks like." discovered fast brain waves (electro - encephologram). Can any medicine slow them? :Miss D. S. Dear Miss §.: Many medi- cines -- from soothing tran- quilizers to hopped-up Benze- drine (R) including drugs like aa (R) and Mesantoin Hurricane-like brain waves can be a red herring. If you're carrying a torch, dousing that old flame may perk up con- centration faster than calming these brain storms! = generally "known to keep the | ship on even keel but principally he administers other people's legislation. The one further possibility is Hon. Robert Macaulay. In 1961 Mr. Macaulay did muc? to add further to his early pronise. During his PC leadership campaign, and in the closing weeks, of the year, he showed that he probably has a construc- tive contribution to make, and possibly a big one. But it still has to be made. The real kudos for this year perhaps should go to that intri- cate system of ours and its sense of timing. It has brought about the start of a great change. And it is one that is due. GALLUP POLL Police Force Prestige Greater Than Politics By The Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion As a life work, prestige of the police force in Canada is very much higher than that of politics. Among the adult pop- ulation almost seven in ten would encourage a son to be- come a policeman, if he wanted to; only two in ten would do this if the son wanted to make politics a life work. Canadians have a much high- er regard for the police force as a profession than do the British. Main reasons for the nation's endorsement of the work lie in the belief that we need good men in the service of law and order and that a policeman's lot means a good job in an in- teresting field. Those who were either for asked to give their reasons. The one in five who would advise against the idea, do so in the main because they feel it's too dangerous a job and they'd like their son to enter a profes- sion demanding more education. The Gallup Poll sent its corps of interviewers to homes in towns, cities and farm areas to ask: "What would your reaction be if you had a son who was think- ing about joining the police-- would you advise him against it or would you be for it?" The British Institute asked the same question recently. U.K. Canada 53% 67% 18 20 29 13 100% 100% or against the proposal were Advise for it Against it Undecided Would advise a son to join police force because: It's up to him; if he chose that field I'd encourage him 30% We need good men in the service of law and order It's a good job in an interesting field Good discipline and training for any young man A secure job with a good future An honorable profession with Good pay A clean healthy job prestige A member of the family has been in force Other reasons or no opinion * Would advise against the idea because: To dangerous a job Would like to see him in a profession requiring more education 'Too hard: and rough a job, with bad hours Too much corruption; morals Dosen't pay very well suffer Just wouldn't want him in that type of work Rather have home on the farm Son not suited to this type of work Other reasons or no opinion (Some gave more than one) il 105%, While 67 per cent would be in favor of their son becoming a policeman, only 20 per cent would want him to go into politics, as reported earlier by the Poll. © World Copyright Reserve? ) newspaper have stirred an in- terest in survival. Cmdr. J, T. Rushforth, a 45- year-old retired naval officer, has constructed a dual-purpose shelter on his Hampshire estate. At the moment the 20-by-10- foot concrete bunker, fitted with a ventilation system to filter radioactive dust, serves as a brooding house for his 3,000 broiler chickens, The commander estimates that fallout from a bomb hit- ting nearby Portsmouth or Southampton would take 20 minutes to reach his estate. MOVE THE CHICKENS "That would give plenty of time to move the chickens out and for the family to come down from the house with bed- ding and food" In Lincolnshire Jeremy Elwes is building a more opulent pro- tective structure under the grounds of his stately home. Al- though the area is rife with rocket sites, he thinks the shel- ter's two-foot-thick walls will al- low his family to survive for three weeks. "We are having a bedroom with bunks, living room, _kit- chen and the usual offices," he said. "I have already bought enough tinned food. The local grocer thought I was mad. "T shall probably have to get in some amusements for the children, too. Jigsaw puzzles, I expect. "The government is appal- Yingly behind in defence of the civilian population. The Ameri- BY-GONE DAYS 30 YEARS AGO Special services were held in several city churches including St. Andrew's United Church, Holy Trinity, Christ Church, St. George's Anglican Church and St. Gregory's Roman Catholic Church. A rink composed of Russell Gay, W. H. A. Patte, R. Me- Culloch and C. M. Mundy, skip, won the F. L. Mason trophy in the Christmas Day competition of the Oshawa Curling Club. Heavy rain reduced the at- tendance and marred the many events of the first Christmas Fair held in Whitby for many years. At the annual commencement exercises held at the OCVI Kenneth Kelly and Jack Henley were awarded the F. W. Cowan scholarships and Mary Glass, the McAdie scholarship. Waiter M. Robb, the exchange teacher from Glasgow, Scotland, who was teaching a tthe school in the place of Norman McLeod, delivered the address. Mrs. William F. McAdie do- nated a gift of Italian sculpture to the OCVI library at the com- mencement exercises. Ernest Parsons was elected president of the Oshawa Cun- ing Club, replacing the retiring president, W. H. Ross. Other members of the new executive were: F. Carswell, first vice- president; C. M. Mundy, second vice-president; R. A. Loa, treas- urer and M. Jacobi, secretary. Miss Marguerite Dickie, a graduate of the 1925 nursing staff of the Oshawa General Hospital and a former secre- tary of the Nurses' Alumnae + cauaamaana left for Vancouver, King Street Sunday School members honored the. retiring superintendent, Samuel Gum- mow, after many years service. At the newly organized St. Andrew's Church Men's Club meeting the following commit- tee chairmen were appointed: James Young, church welfare; W. J. Davidson, membership; S. J. Storie, finance; A. W. Arm- strong, sports and M. M. Hood, publicity, Clifford E. McCormiek, a for- mer resident of Oshawa, was awarded the Royal Academy of Music scholarship for . piano study, open to Canadians in London, England. cans are much better pre- pared." The government, in fact, shows few visible signs of be- ing prepared at all. But, says a spokesman, 'we have a mas- ter plan which will swing into action at the first sign of real trouble." "The plan, under constant revision, is designed to meet any contingency from shortage of food to decentralization of the government and shelter from radioactive fallout." However, details are not forthcoming because, he said, making them public now "would only serve to increase tension." Civil defence officials believe shelter enough already exists in the 110,000 private and mu- nicipal air-raid over from the Second World War and the many natural caverns scattered around Brit- ain. shelters left $7 too cold, and badly ' Even houses which are built today, the report says, are still too small. Among the features which given black marks in Brit 19th cen! scullery". Two ice changes, which I the future -- more floor space and better heating. television and vacuum cleaners, The committee suggests that in the house of the future there should be a "silence" room where mother can yeh yy to do her sewing and mending and father can fill in his football coupons -- as most men do -- without any distraction or inter ference. The bedrooms of the future house will be heated and will be larger, so that they can be de- signed for sitting in as well as being a place in which to sleep. Says the report: "It is strange that at least half of what we build, and there fore half of what we pay for, is reserved for use during the hours of darkness when we are = of our surround- hg MORE EXPENSIVE The committee agrees that ite proposals would make houses more expensive. On a bedroom house costing in neighborhood of $5,500, the average cost would be $600. For a two-bedroom apart- ment costing about $7,200, the additional cost would be about 25, But the report adds: "We believe that enough peo- ple are now willing to pay more for a really good home." Canadian Trade Facing Year Of Big Decisions OLTAWA (CP) -- A year of dccisions that could be vital for Canadian trade lies ahead in 1962, and the biggest decisions likely will be made outside this country. Iwo of the key developments involve Britain's bid to join the European Common Market and a determined move by the United States to reduce trade barriers on both sides of the Atlantic. In both of these, Canada's main role will be as an ob- server from the sidelines. Yet their outcome could have major revercussions on Canada's hopes of maintaining and ex- panaing export markets. Staicments by Canadian lead- ers have raised the possibility of broad changes in this coun- try's trade policy, depending on decisions made in Washington, London and Brussels, the Com- mon Market headquarters. Meanwhile, there are fore- casts, including one by Prime Minister Diefenbaker, that Can- ada's commodity trade may be in balance in 1961, with export sales matching or perhaps ex- cecding imports after eight years of trade deficits. NINE-MONTH SURPLUS By the end of September Can- ada had a $49,400,000 trade sur- plus, with exports 6.2 per cent higher and imports up just 2.2 per cent. An upturn in sales to the U.S. due to the pickup in the Amer- ican. economy, and continued strength in exports to West- ern Europe and Japan have prompted government predic- Hy of further export gains in 2 Canadian trade has felt the effects of the government's pol- icy, announced in the June 20 budget, of forcing the exchange valJue of the dollar to a discount in terms of U.S. funds. This has boosted the Canadian doliar return from many ex- purts paid for in U.S. dollars and othér currencies. It has also increased the cost of im- ports. Some economists see signs that the dollar discount is gradually having the intended result of encouraging a switch in tuying from imports to Ca- nadian-made products. The big trade story of 1961 was Britain's mid-summer deci- sion to seek membership in the prosperous Common Mar- ket. Commonwealth relations showed some strains, notably at the economic conference in Ac- cra, Ghana. FEAR TRADE LOSS Trade Minister Hees said 70 per cont of Canadian exports to Britam would be seriously af- fecieo if Britain entered the Common Market with its pro- gram of free trade among mcmbers and a common tariff wail against outside nations. Finance Minister Fleming told the conference that if Brit- ain entered the Common Mar- ket, the Commonwealth would never be the same. Briiain promised to do every- thing possible to protect Com- monwealth trade interests, but Mr. F'eming expressed doubt it could obtain adequate terms of protection from the powerful six-country bloc. Tie Liberal party accused the government of taking a neg- ative, obstructive stand against Britain. It renewed demands that Canada seek a North At- lantic trade arrangement for free. trade among Britain, Western Europe, the United States and Canada. Some economists' and busi- nessmen proposed that Canada seek tull or associate member- ship in the Common Market-- ideas which Mr. Fleming dis- misocd as impossible or ime practical. FIGHT IN CONGRESS While the argument raged, the U.S. government set its sights on a new policy goal of reducing trade barriers. This would require approval next year by the U.S. Congress, where protectionist pressures. against it are growing. Tie aim is to give the U.S. government power to cut Amer- ican tariffs in order to obtain matching reduction in the Com- mon Market tariff. Under trade agreements, the reductions by both sides would be made avail- able to Canada too -- a move which could bring large bene- fits to Canadian irade. However, in any general round of tariff - cutting Canada would also be expected to re- duce some of its tariffs. Canada played a role in the lengthy negotiations at Geneva among the 40-member General Agv-eement on Tariffs and Trade. The hope was to bargain for reductions in the Common Market tariff wall. But after more than a year of talks, the GATTI negotiations have shown no major results, A British decision to join the Common Market would almost ceriainly bring about vamping of Canadian trade ae icy. Mr. Fleming has said that in this event Canada would have to use the trade prefer- ences now granted to British goods in order to bargain for better access to other export markets. Large new wheat and barley sales to Communist China-- $236 000,000 worth up to early December--have been the larg- est single cause of this year's increase in export sales. During the first nine months of 1961, exports rose to $4,242,- 700,000 from $3,995,400,000 @ year earlier. Though sales te the U.S., Britain and other Commonwealth countries were down fractionally, shipments te ali other countries were up by more than one-third. Moreover, in the third quarter exports to the U.S, -- Canada's biggest market by far--showed a promising year-to-year gain of 11.3 per cent. 'the commodity trade bak ance, which last showed a sur+ plus in 1952, has been improv- ing since the record deficit of $714,000,000 in 1956. The 1960 defici, on commodity trade was $97.000,000. Seoerant --" Walmsley & Magill OFFICE EQUIP. LTD. 9 KING ST. E. OSHAWA 725-3506