Ontario Community Newspapers

Oshawa Times (1958-), 13 Nov 1961, p. 13

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SCIENCE Tuna Speed And Radar | By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Topics this week: The remarkable odyssey of a tuna fish, the almost human behavior of the whale, and a new estimate of the dis- tance from earth to the sun. HOW FAST THE TUNA The tuna fish ranges far and wide -- and apparently wastes little time en route. A giant bluefin tuna was tagged by scientists off Cat Cay in the Bahamas last June 10. It ws caught off Bergen, Norway, just 122 days later-- some 5,300 direct miles away. That means it covered some 33 miles a day, if it started the day it was tagged, swam the distance in straight line without any sidetrips, and was caught the day it ar- rived, HOW HUMAN THE WHALE Many whales and dolphins, besides being mammals like man, are also unusally in- telligent animals -- and. scien- tists have long wanted to study them in their natural roaming area. Although the size of the | ocean and the unco-operative nature of the animals make this difficult, scientists have been able to get some strange, homey views of some, such as the Pacific pilot whale. These small whales travel in hunting formations, feeding schools and even loafing groups. They have been seen to zssist injured schoolmates. Mother whales even try to support the Lodies of their dead young. And, like the human, the pilot whale tries to. protect its young from capture. HOW HIGH THE SUN Giant radar ears that keep on the lookout for ballistic missile attack have been used to get a new idea of how far the earth is from the sun. That critical distance is the one that astronaomers use to judge the size and distances of the solar system. But an > accurate figure is hard to come by and new measure- ments are constantly being made. This time Radio Corporation of America scientists used the ballistic warning radar to measure the distance of. the planet Venus and translated this distance into the distance to the sun. Their figure: 93,- 497,500 miles, give or take perhaps 200 miles. | It agrees closely with other recent measurements but it is some 40,000 miles greater than a 1950 figure generally considered most authoritative until now. | New Sects Worry For | Indonesia | JAKARTA (Reuters) -- Indo-| nesian authorities are worried| about a recent sudden upsurge) of new religious sects in this| island republic. | Indonesia is proud of its re- ligious tolerance but many of! the new sects are bloodily fa-| natical and pose a threat to law and order throughout the scattered islands that make up| the nation. Ninety per cent of Indonesia's; population is Moslem but there| are Christian and Hindu com- munities millions strong, and lesser but respected groups) practising faiths based on ani-| mism or features taken from other larger sects. In the last 18 months there has been a sudden nation-wide upsurge of new sects and my-| stical movements, in some cases. with bloody and im- moral character KILLED NECROMANIAC In September, troops in south Sumatra shot dead a self-styled "sultan of all Indonesia,'"' mir- acle healer and leader of a sect which worshipped the dead, Military authorities said he had led a spear, bow-and-arrow and| dagger attack on an army pa-! trol, wounding a soldier. In Jakarta, the garrison com- mand banned a mystical move- ment known as "Islam Ma- *Rifat.'" Its leader was jailed for eight months for committing an indecent act in public with one of his female followers. In Jakarta, too, a member of a fanatical cult killed a child) and at Jogjakarta, a man was! arrested for cutting up the body) of a woman. | In West Java, 26 persons| were killed in a clash between} troops and members of a sex! cult who danced together naked) in the local mosque at night. | To limit the growth of such movements, the government has set up a special branch of the attorney-general's depart- ment to curb 'unhealthy and socially misleading" religions | VICTORY DAMAGED PORTSMOUTH, England (CP) -- A dockvard crane achieved what Napoleon's navy never accomplished -- shearing 16 feet off the bowsprit of Lord, Nelson's flagship HMS Victory.) The accident occurred when crane machinery became en-| tangled in ropes where the Vie-| tory is im permanent drydock. | Shell scientists test Super Shell's special Winter Blend in a new all-weather laboratory. The temperature is 40 below zero as they test for top performance, WINTER BLEND: Shell scientists adjust three of Super Shell's nine ingredients to create a special winter formula for top performance in coldest Canadian weather Shell stations are now pumping a blend of Super Shell's nine ingredients especially formulated to give you faster starts and quicker warm-up on coldest mornings. The dosage of two ingredients (butane and mixed pentanes) has increased. A third ingredient is added to cut stalling caused by carburetor frosting*. Read how Super Shell's Winter Blend helps make winter driving more pleasant. GASOLINE that gives you top perform- A ance in summer can make your car difficult to start and balky to drive when the temperature drops. Tests in Shell's new winter laboratory prove it--at temperatures from forty above to forty below zero. That is why, this October, Shell scientists have altered the formula of Super Shell to create a special mix for low temperatures--a Winter Blend. Here is how three of the nine in- gredients in Super Shell have been adjusted to create a Winter Blend for Canadian weather conditions: 1. Butane content increased to give you quick starts If you have trouble starting your car in cold weather, it may be that your gasoline is not vaporizing as promptly as it should. Until it starts to vaporize and mix with the air in your carburetor, gasoline has a hard time "firing" your engine. Shell scientists fight this problem with an extra dose of butane. Butane is highly volatile--which means that it changes easily from a liquid to a vapor. The change is the same sort of thing that happens when water boils and turns into steam. Butane actually boils and "Carburetor frosting (sometimes called "carburetor icing," or simply '"'cold stalling") should not be confused with gas line freezing. Carburetor frosting occurs in chilly, damp weather. It does not occur in cold, dry weather. When the mercury dips to 10° or below, carburetor frosting is no longer a problem, but gas line freezing can occur. Water condensing in your car's fuel tank freezes in the gas line. This stops the flow of gasoline and you are stalled. The best insurance against gas-line freezing is a can of gas-line anti-freeze added at your Shell service station. Never let your tank get below half full--the less air, the less moisture there is to condense. vaporizes at 31.1°F.--lower than the tem- perature inside your refrigerator. It is so eager to get going Shell has to store it under pressure until it is tamed by mixing with other ingredients. This remarkable ingredient increases the volatility of Super Shell dramatically. Fires your engine in a hurry. Takes a strain off your battery--also off your patience. 2. A bigger dose of mixed pentanes for fast warm-up on cold days Starting is just part of the story. Cold engines struggle and sputter annoyingly until they warm up. This wastes gasoline. That is why Shell scientists increase the dose of mixed pentanes in Super Shell's Winter Blend--to speed up the delivery of heat to your engine. Shell makes mixed pentanes by subjecting petroleum to ter- rific heat, transforming heavier hydro- carbons into lighter, quick-burning mole- cules. Blended into Super Shell, these quick-burning molecules work much like kindling in a log fire. They ignite easily and everything gets going quickly. Your engine warms up faster, gets over that hesitant, balky feeling in a hurry. 3. Carburetor defroster added to prevent stalling on chill, damp days It's a surprising fact that your carburetor can frost up even when the.temperature is a mild 45°. Carburetor frosting happens most often on chilly, wettish days when there's a lot of moisture in the air. Here's why: Your carburetor gulps great breaths of air to mix with gasoline--actu- ally 14 parts of air to one part fuel vapor. As gasoline vaporizes a curious thing happens. It pulls heat out of the air. The inside of your carburetor is soon as cold as your refrigerator. The moisture in the air freezes and clings to the metal carburetor _ walls. Under normal conditions you won't be aware of the frost, but when you close the throttle, e.g. at a red light, it can choke off the air supply and your engine stalls. The anti-froster in Super Shell fights this maddening phenomenon by coating carbu- retor walls so that ice can't stick to them. This drastically reduces your chances of an icing stall whenever the temperature drops to 45° or lower. Fill up with special Winter Blend Make sure you're ready for winter driving with a"Yankful of Super Shell's Winter Blend. Its nine-ingredient formula is ad- justed to help make the difference between balky, sputtering performance and a fast, smooth getaway. Don't forget all the other ingredients in today's Super Shell. They're sorking every day you drive, every season of the year, to give you top performance, The 9 ingredients in Super Shell and what they do to give your car top performance i tay cl #1 is TCP} for power, mileage, and longer plug life. #2 is mixed pentanes for fast warm-ups. #3 is anti-knock mix to resist all kinds of knock. #4 is gum preventive to keep carburetors clean inside, #5 is butane for quick starts on cold mornings. 46 is "'cat-cracked" gasoline--for extra power. #7 is a carburetor defroster (added in cold weather.) #8 is heavy alkanes'to help control "high-speed knock." #9 is Platformate for extra mileage. {SHELL'S TRADEMARK FOR THIS UNIQUE GASOLINE ADDITIVE DEVELOPED BY SHBLL RESEARCH. PATENTED 1955, SHELL-4561A

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