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THE COUNTY OF PERTH HERALD, STRATFORD, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 1864. New Advertisements this Week. Summer Clothing--A. Williamson. County Council--S. Campbell County Clerk. Cash for Wool--Sullivan & Imlach. List of Letters--L. T. O'Loan, Postmaster. List of Letters--G. Brown, Postmaster WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 1864. The Opposition have a strange idea of eonsisteney. Things which they, while in power, were in fayor.of, they now oppose. Time and again they promised to devote a eertain sum for the payment of the Volun- teers. Mr. Galt placed an amount in the ¥stimates for this purpose, in order to carry « .t the promises of the late Ministry, and, atrange to say, when the item.came up in Committee, Messrs, Sandfield Macdonald, McDougall, and Holton opposed it, denying they had ever promised anything of the kind. Referring to this disgraceful eon- duct, the Montreal Guzette says :-- "We have enquired into the matter, and we find that in the course of an official interview with a deputation of officers of high rank in the volunteer militia--Lieutenant Colonel George Smith, Assistant Adjutant-General ; Lieutenant- Colonel Osborne Smith, of the Victoria Rifles; and Major Lyman, Assistant Quartermaster- Genetal, who had been sent from Montreal to confer with the Minister of Militia on subjects tonnected with the welfare of the force, that Mr. Sandfield Macdonald clearly and distinctly promised. that in the forthcoming session meas- ures would be introduced, enabling Ministers to grant aid towards the support of the Volunteer Militia. This pledge made to the deputation in the morning, was reiterated by the Minister to the House in the afternoon, as may be seen by the reported proceedings of the Legislature on the 13th October last. These are facts beyond doubt or eavil, and although attempts may be made to explain away a promise and a pledge, there can be no doubt that Mr. Sandfield Mac- donald led the deputation to believe that the just claims of all classes of the Wolunteer Militia would be satisfied." ' This places the matter, not, perhaps, be- yond dispute, but beyond doubt as to the promise having been made. The concuct of the Opposition regard- ing Mr. Galt's stamp duties is equally par- tizan and inconsistent with the above. Mr. Holton is now opposed to stamp duties, and the grit press denounces it as a most villan- ous thing, yet it is a fact that Mr. Holton had intended to impose stamp duties him- self. On this subject the Montreal Guzette also says :-- «When Mr. D. Holton was the Minister of Fi- nance, the Montreal Herald was then, as it is aow, his confidential organ. What the Montreal Herald announced on behalf of Mr. Holton might be accepted with implicit confidence-- might be accepted, in fact, with a confidence as great as if Mr. Holton's name was attached to it. Well, then. on the 15th February last there ap- peared in this organ the following announce- ment, foreshadowing the policy of Mr. Holton : 'It may be mentioned, as a matter about which there is no secret, that a series of moderate stamp duties, imposed upon such transactions as are usually selected for that purpose, is believed tobe among the methods by which it will be sought to bring the revenue up to the required point without increasing the duties on importa- fon. New Teiaperance Biil. Mr. Dunkin's new Temperance Bill has been passed by the Assembly. It has now to pass the Council, which, we understand, it is likely to do with a few unimportant amendments. The following are the local and general provisions of the Bill :-- LOCAL PROVISIONS. 1, Every municipality is given the power to pass a By-law to prohibit the sale and to refuse nting of licenses. niin the drawing up of By-law, but provides that no County Council shall pass a law to take effect till one moath has elapsed from the time of its introduction. 3. Any municipality may order such By-law to be submitted to the electors for approval ; but any twenty or more electors may require its sub- mission to popular vote. 4. Provides that any twenty or more electors of a municipality may, by requisition presented to the municipal clerk, propose a By-law to pro- hibit the sale of intoxicating liquors, and re- quire a poll to be taken to determine the ques- tion but in case of such a By-law having been once introduced and rejected or not adopted, two years must have elapsed before such an ac- Pon can be taken. j : 5. Provides the manner in which the vote taken. "a 3 9. Provide that every such By-law shall be 'communicated to the Collector of Internal Revenue, and take effect from the day of com- munication, and shall not be repealed for one year from that time. 10. Municipal Councils of any two or more acighboring municipalities in which any such By-law is in force, may by further By-law con- firm mutually such By-law of the other, and af- fer such concurrence neither shall repeal the game after having been submitted to the electors without a like concurrence of the municipalities. 11. Provides that no Collector of Internal Revenue shall issue a licence after the passage of By-law to take effect within the municipality. 12, Prohibits the exposure or sale of liquors, except for medicinial or sacramental purposes, er for some art, trade or manufacture, and that no licenced distiller or brewer shall sell in less uantities than five gallons # the municipality i ich such By-law is in force. ss i Piso a souslty of $50 for each offence. The remaining clauses up to 37, prescribe how rgons accused of an infraction of the law are to be dealt with. . GENERAL PROVISIONS. 38. Gives power to magistrates to deal with cases and enforce attendance of witnesses. 29. Makes keepers of houses where intoxicat- ing liquors are legally sold, liable to action for damages where parties to whom such liquors have been sold have come to their death, or have met with accident, by such sale, if the ac- tion be brought within six months. maximum amount to be recovered is fixe $1,000, the minimum at $100. lh: Pee 41. Makes an intoxicated person; the seller of the liquor by whieh he toxicated, liable in an, action forg any assaultycommitted while unde of intoxication, or for any injar 42. Relatives, guardians, or-employers of any 'person addictéd to drunkenness may notify in writing persons licenced to sell, or who are re- puted to sell intoxicating liquors, not to deliver liquor to the person having such habit--the no- tice.tohold good for twelve months. Disobe- dience of this notification subjects the party, on an action, to not less than $20 nor more than $500, as may be assessed by a jury, the action to be brought within six months. Any married woman may bring the action in her own name, and all damages shall go to her own separate use. 43. Provides that all payments of money » for intoxicating liquors in contravention of) the Act shall be a nullity, and may be recovered from the receiver, saving the rights of subsequent purchasers or assignees, 44: Prohibits sale in licenced taverns, as in Mr. Campbell's Act, between the hours of seven on Saturday evening and eight on Monday morn- ing save for medicinial purposes, certified by a medical practitioner or magistrate, under a pen- alty of not less than $10, nor more than $50. 45 and 46. Enable policemen to enter any place where. intoxicating liquors are sold, leg- ally or illegally, on the authorization of a mag- istrate, under a penalty of from $10 to $50, any person to be complainant The temperance question is one of the most difficult, perhaps, that any Legislature can be catled upon to consider. All right thinking men agree that the immoderate use of intoxicating drinks is attended with evils of the most baneful kind--That it is right however, or likely to result in good to at- tempt to prevent men from drinking by Statuce, is very doubtsul to say the least. Such a remedy has been tried in other places, and failed, utterly failed to accom- plish the end sought to be obtained. We have no faith in the dogma that Legislative enactments will eradicate man's evil nature. We are sincerely opposed te intemperance in any form--and the intemperance of in- toxicating liquors is not the only intemper- ance that entails misery on thousands of the human family. | Yet who would think of attempting to prevent the evils to which we allude, by Statute? Men, all men, love freedom --all men are jealous of their per- sonal liberties, and justly so; hence all prohibitory laws are, in the nature of things, obnoxious to the majority of the people, and consequently, fail to accomplish any good It is a fact also that we have a strong desire to enjoy or possess forbidden objects--and in very many instances prohibitory liquor laws only tend to aggravate the evils they are enacted to prevent. Unlike too many of our temperance babblers, who talk and write perfect nonsense, and thereby: bring the cause they advocate, or pretend to ad- vocate, into contempt and ridicule, we be- lieve Mr. Dunkin to be a consistent and sincere advocate of temperance, and we, therefore, respect the man, and would seek to enccurage his efforts. At the same time that we desire to see the cause of temper- unce prosper--while we would wish that there was not a distillery in the land--we cannot and must not attempt to overlook the fact that the general result of severe restric- tive enactments is too often found to be against the good they were intended to ac- complish. Prohibitory jaws of any kind are opposed to the glorious free institutions under which we live--they are opposed to man's better nature, and can only be suc- cessfully putin operation in despotic or less than half civilized countries. The savage or the half civilized man may be influenced by terror and submit to restrictions incom- patable with his personal liberty, but he who knows his rights cannot be so governed, The only successful way of preventing vice, generally, is by moral suasion--treat men as free, thinking, reasonable beings--set before them tke terrible results consequent on the pursuit of certain vices, and more good will be accomplished than can _ ever come from restrictive laws. Apart from all this, there is a diversity of opinion existing as to the use and abuse of intoxicating liquors--there are those, and good men too, who do not believe in total abstinence--who believe, and correctly, that the inspired yolume does not denounce the moderate use of the drinks commonly called intoxicating these creatures as it does all other excesses --such men are, not prepared to quietly submit to laws which take away to a certain extent their personal liberties. Men differ on religious matters as they do on this mat- ter; but who would say it would be right, as once it was thought right, that the ma- jority should enact laws, compelling the minority to put aside their own judgments, their own ideas, and their own rights, and embrace the tenets of the majority? Man is a reasonable being, possessed of powers which place him far above all other creatures of earth--he is, above all, a free agent, and therefore, so far as he is individually and personally concerned, has a right to act without restraint from his fellow-creature. In matters which affect the whole it is dif- ferent. We say, let the Church do her duty, and there will be no need of a Statute to prevent men from being drunkards; and what the Church cannot do in such matters, Legislative enactments will certainly fail to accomplish. It will be seen that Mr. drinks--it denounces the immoderate use of | P Dunkin does not take the power out of the people's hands--it is for them to say, in each municipality, whether they will adopt the provisions of the Act or not. We ques- tion even the proprietyof this. It is a fact that the general Governments of the States of Maine and New York were unable to enforce their restrictive laws, and the at- tempt had to be abandoned. It is very deubtful, therefore, whether our municipa- -| lities will be able to accomplish what failed the Governments of these States. We hope Mr. Dunkin's Bill will do good--we would rejoice to.see intemperance banished from the land--we canfess our lack of faith, how- ever, in the prevention of evils of this sort by Statute. tS The American Presidency. THE MONROE DOCTRINE TO BE MAIN- TAINED. ° SLAVERY TO BE ABOLISHED. Fremont likely to be the-next President. In a few months the dis-United States will be calléd upon to elect a new President or despot to rule over them. On the 21st ult., a Convention was held at Cleveland for the purpose of naming Mr. Lincoln's successor. Gen. Fremont received the nomination. Another Convention is to take place at Baltimore, which, it is supposed, will be more favorable to the present occu- pant of the White House. From present, there appearances, however, we think is little chance of his being re-elec- ted. There is a_ strong feeling against both him and his Government. The principle cause of this hostile feeling is on account of the Government having gone counter to the will of the people in the matter of a resolution passed by the Con- gress, to the effect that the Monroe doctrine sould be maintained or carried out by the United States with reference to Mexico. The French Government, on learning of the adoption of such a resolution, demanded what it meant. On Mr. Dayton's entering the department of the Minister of Foreign. Affairs, that dignatory abruptly demanded, "Do you bring us peace or war ?" The American Minister very humbly said, in the name of his Government, that they were in no way responsible for the passing of this resolution by the Congress--that it had not yet passed the Senate, and, conse- quently, was of no effect. This, we learn, was said by the adyice and instructions of Mr. Seward. The people and the press are toud in their denunciations of such conduct, and feel insulted that their nation should thus be placed in a humiliating position towards France, and are determined _ to punish the Government by turning out Mr. Lincoln. Mr. Fremont's politics are the same as those of Mr. Lincoln, with this slight difference, that he is rather a stronger abolitionist than Mr, Lincoln. The fol- lowing is the new party platform : First--That the federal Union shall be pre- served. Second--That the constitution and laws of the United States must be observed and obeyed. Third--That the rebellion must be suppres- sed by force of arms, and without compromise. Fourth--That the rights of free speech, free press and the habeas corpus be held inviolate, save in districts where martial law has been proclaimed. Fifth--That the rebellion has destroyed sla- very, and the federal constitution should be amended to prohibit its re-establishment, and to secure to all men absolute equality before the law. ' Sixth--That integrity and economy are de- manded at all times in the administration of the government, and that in time of war that the want of them is criminal. Seventh--That the right of assylum, except for crime and subject to law, 'is a recognized principle of American liberty ; and that any violation of it cannot be overlooked and must not go unrebuked. Eighth--That the national policy known as the 'Monroe Doctrine," has a recognized principle, and that the establishment of an anti-republican government on' this continent by any foreign Power cannot be tolerated. Ninth--That the gratitude and support of the nation are due to the faithful soldiers and the earnest leaders of the Union army and navy for their heroic achievements and death- less valor in defence of our imperilled country and of civil liberty. Tenth--That the one term policy for the Presidency, adopted by the people, is strength- ened by the force of the existing crisis, and should be maintained by constitutional amend- ments. Eleventh--That the constitution should be so amended that the President and Vice Pre- sident shall be elected by a direct vote of the eople. Twelfth--That the question of the reconstruc- tion of the rebellious States belongs to the people through their Representatives in Con- gress, and not the Executive. Thirteenth--That the confiscation of the 'lands of rebels and their distribution among the soldiers and actual settlers is a measure of justice. We presume this is comprehensive enough in all conscience. The recognition of the Monroe doctrine, and the suppression of slavery, are the great features of the platform, and they are sure to commend themselves to the great body of the * sovereign" people. It remains to be seen, however, whether the party is likely to suc- ceed. We had hoped that the question of peace or war--the continuance or the dis- continuance of the present fearful butchery --would haye been the grand question to be decided by the ballot on the occasion of the coming Presidential election, but the above breathes not of peace. Should the Monroe doctrine be much agitated, it is hard to say if war may not be declared between the Americans and the French people. Naples and italy, Under the authority of the Pontifical Government there is an extensive conspir- acy on foot in this kingdom, having for.its object. the: restoration of the Bourbon Dy- nasty. A great,number of arrests have been made, still the conspiracy goeson. Of course it will end in nothing so far as the object sought to be accomplished is con- cerned; still it may lead to trouble. The Italian people are in no humor to submit to be continually annoyed with plots got up b the emisaries of Rome, and they may final. ly determine upon possessing Rome as the capital of a free and united Italy. Gari- baldi, always popular with the Italian peo- ple, is now much more so on account of the reception he met within England. Meet- ings have already been held in Southern Italy, the ultimate result of which the fu- ture can alone disclose. The American War. The positions of the armies in Virginia have not changed much during the past week. There has been some severe fighting on the East side of the Chickahominy, which has not resulted in anything decisive. A correspondent says that it is when Grant attempts to cross this river that the hard work of thc campaign will commence. There is every prospect of hot work in that quarter for some time to come. The Con- federates seem to be fitting out a strong expedition to clear the James River of Federal gunboats. Admiral Porter's fleet has returned from the Red River, and have again taken up their stations in the Missis- sippi. Gen. Banks is retreating with the land forces as fast as he possibly can. This ends all hope of reconquering the Trans- Mississippi.territory for another season. Ir is really painful to come in contact with men devoid alike of honesty and prin- ciple. The moment such individuals are non-plussed at one point they verge round to something else. At the request of Mr. Macfarlane we published a certain state- ment which, according to Mr. Toley's ver- sion, was all wrong. We gave Mr, Foley's reply, showing at the same time the true cause of the enmity of the office-seeking class towards this gentleman. Mr. Buck- ingham replied to us prefacing his article with a vile and umanly personal attack up- on a writer in this journal, which we effec- tually repelled. Since then he has gone on making assertions which he did not dare maintain when contradicted, and from abus- ing the Editor of the Herald he has com- menced abusing one of its proprietors. He charged us with having attempted to arouse the religious passions and prejudices of the people, with having attempted to set creed against creed, country against country, and class against class, and then on the strength of this cowardly and malicious invention of his own evil mind, he attacks Mr. Vivian for acting inconsistently with his professions as a Methodist, We have repeatedly chal- lenged him to adduce proof in:support of his accusations--in reply he merely repeats his false charges. In his last issue he re- fers Mr. Vivian to the files of his paper and says, that "in every issue for weeks past he will find at least a dozen scurrilities direct- ed against our most respectable townsfolk, such as would disgrace a common tap-room."' Reader, is this any proof of his base asser- tions? Does this}prove that we haye, as he alledged, attempted to arouse the evil passions of man's nature, to create religious feuds among the people, that we have attem- ted to set creed against creed, and class against class, &c.? We again repeat that until he adduces proof from our columns in support of his charges he stands convicted as a common slanderer.. The personal allu- sions which have appeared in our columns for the past four weeks were forced from us in self defence. We brought no charge we did not prove, and he has not dared to deny the truthfulness of our remarks. We showed clearly that Mr. Robb's dismissal was a premeditated thing on the part of the office-seekers--these respectable people of whom he speaks,--the proofs we gave in support of this he has not dared deny. - We would ask Mr. Buckingham to name the respectable townsfolk against whom we have directed our " scurrilities."' We are not aware that our remarks-applied to any but the few sneaking office-seekers, against whom we made no charges that we have not proved. For Mr. Buckingham to call these individuals "our most respectable townfolks" is a piece of sublime impudence ! The impudence of the three, tailors who took upon themselves to speak in the name of the people of England, is little beyond that of Mr. Buckingham, when he claims that he and his half-dozen office-seeking friends compose our " most respectable townsfolk."' We did not say Mr. Mowat directly filched money, from the people to establish the Beacon! We said Mr. Eby placed him in charge of the Beacon; and will he dare deny that Mr. Eby started the Beacon with money filched from the people? Was it not Mr. Eby who started the Beacon, and did not that worthy rob the country? Did not Mr. Mowat stoutly defend him and abuse the then Government for daring to bring him to account, "and does he dare deny hedid not know at the time he was thus defending him that he was defending a swindler and arobber? Did he not at: tempt tomake the public believe he was innocent till he made his escape to the " re fuge of swindlers" taking with him thou- sands of the people's money? Did not Mre Mowat afterwards inform Mr. Eby that he was still afraid the government would inves- tigate the matter? Does an'individual who could thus act deserve to be classed among the most respectable of " our townsfolk ?"' Then as to our remarks concerning the witty Doctor--what have we charged him with that is not correct? Have we not proved him to be a public falsifier bringing charges against individuals which he knew to be false, and which we have shown to be false 2? We assure the gentleman we have not said all we might say--we, should "he desire it, can go back for three generations and show from what noble ancestors he sprung--We did not say that anyone' had been expelled from church membership..on account of their gambling propensities--a quality inherited, no doubt, from noble ancestors. Yet these are the class of men who claim to be themost respectable of '* our townsfolk" and who imagine that they have aright to speak of others as they please, but that their misdeeds must not be referred to. Under Mowat's direct man- agement the Beacon's whole arguments con- sisted in low personalities and under the management of his ' sub" it does not ap- pear to improve. Its last attack upon Mr. Vivian and his religion is as vile as it was unprovoked. Khe Roman Catholic Procession im Yoronto. We copy from the Toronto Leader an account of the Roman Catholic procession which 'took place on the 29th ult. in that city. Towards three o'clock in the afternoon ser- vice commenced, the streets in the vicinity and the inside of the Cathedral itself were one dense mass of heads, and it is computed that there were not less than 8,500 persons present. Dur- | ing the service Bishop Lynch preached a short sermon from St. John, chap. 6, v. 56, from which he argued in favor of the dogma on which the celebration of the day was founded, and concluded by addressing himself personally to the congregation on the demonstration which was about to take place, saying that they had coficluded to celebrate the festival in the Episcopal grounds, although they had a per- fect right to do as was done in Quebec, Montreal and Ottawa, going in procession through the streets. He stated that they paid taxes for the streets as well as other people, and that the Queen and government was bound to protect them, that by the terms of the treaty of Quebec the free exercise and protection of their religion was guaranteed to them, but that on this occa- sion they deemed it better to celebrate the feast in their own gardens. On his descending from the pulpit the procession was formed in the aisles, headed by the orphans and school chil- dren. The ' Host" was carried out of the Ca- thedral, followed by some 3,000 people who were in the building. The procession had hardly gone round one side of the garden when the crowd pnshing and jostling against One an- other in their endeavour to get in, was stopped by anumber of the men who seemed to have charge of the entrance. This made an addition- al crush and in the flurry and excitement a woman wrangling with a man who had stepped on her dress, the row became general and in a minute the garden was the scene ofa general panic, children running after their mothers, wives after their husbands and the priests after the whole of them, endeavoring to restore peace and order. For a few minutes it was thought that a fearful fight had taken place, but fortun- ately further than a few torn dresses nobody was hurt. Several of the little girls who took part in the procession were terribly frightened, and in attempting to get over a large wooden fence which surrounds the gardens had their light muslin dresses torn into shreds. This oc- curred about half-past five o'clock. It had now come to that part of the ceremonial where--the * Host" being carried in procession--all those near at hand are required by the laws of the Roman church to take off their hats asa token of respect. The procession had reached the southwest corner of the Cathedral, where a few young men, said to be Protestants, were stand- ing. Before they had time to uncover their heads--an act which all gentlemen on the ground would have done asa matter of courtesy --one of them had his hat knocked offby a rough fellow, and in an instant a general fight ensued. Followed by a crowd of Roman Catho- lics, the man, whose name is Brown, and who till lately was in the employ of Dr. Wright, was pursued down Bond street to Queen street, where he took refuge in a house, and but for the influence of some Protestants in the crowd, would have been severely handled. In the meantime the excitement in the garden was in- tense, everybody seemed panic-stricken, and in their endeavors to make their way out of the grounds, but added fuel to the flames, and made the scene more exciting. In the melee revolvers were drawn, and it is said that the sight of one of these " six shooters" saved the man Brown from a fearful beating. A few minutes after this row the fire alarm was sounded at the Bay street station, which caused people to run to the Cathedral, the silly report having been circul- ated that it had caught fire. Just before the second panic the Rey. Mr. White stood at' the front gate of the Cathedral and in a tone and spirit far from pleasing to the Protestants, and indeed to many Roman Catholics who were con- gregated there, asked all the Catholics to come within the fence--that was where they ought to be and not outside. Others were not wanted, but they might come in if they pleased. Sever- - al persons acted upon this very unclerical har- angue, and the gate was soon afterwards closed. A large detachment of police, under Captain Prince, were on the ground in readiness for any emergency, but fortunately their services were not required. At half-past six the service end- ed but it was not for some hours after that the immense gathering dispersed. Both parties may congratulate themselves on the finis of the cele- bration, as if the original programme had been carried out there is no doubt there would have been mischief--nay more. Whatever may be the Law or the Right of the matter--and we do not dispute that the Bishop takes the correct view--there is no doubt that he acted wisely in refraining from a public procession which would have been very distasteful to many Protestants, and we fear would have led to bloodshed. Hap- ily, the conduct of the Bishop avoided such a result, The largest vein of surface oil yet struck in co cir 208, § struck a few days ago by a gen- tleman from London. Its yield per day by steam power is 100 bbls.