y 4 So neta $2.00 per Annum VOL. 2, No. 15.] 'in advance. [WHOLE No. 42 DPI Orr nee PALDPLPAPDBADA Gounty of Perth Herald. WEDNESDAY, APRIL 13, 1864. A Wanton Insult. The following in reference to the Colontzation Department appeared in the Toronto Globe of the 5th instant ~~ " All papers connected with the Colonization Department haye been removed to the Bureau of Public Works ; and all expenditures on Colon- ization Roads are now to be under the control of Monsieur Chapais! Look out for jobs! For- merly these expenditures were under the con- trol of the Minister of Immigration and Statistics, but, two years since, the control over them was removed to the Crown Lands Department. Mr. Campbell is now Commissioner of Crown Lands, and might exercise some control over-such dis- graceful jobbing as in former years pervaded this service ; therefore it would not do to. leave the control in his hands, Mr. D'Arcy McGee is Minister of Immigration and Statistics, so it would not do to restore the expenditures on Ool- Onization Roads to that Department--for Mr. McGee is an Irishman, and it would not be French Canadians he would be after employing on the Roads and settling on the lands. Mon- sieur Chapais was the man !--a thorough-going French Canadian--an cbedient son of the Ro- tman Church--ready to employ all the priests in Canada as Road Inspectors, at $2 a-day. Hurrah for Corruption! Depend upon it, we will have plenty of that, before a year is over our heads." Mr. George Brown, it seems, is desirous of again arousing a religious prejudice in the minds of the people of Upper Canada. He has com- menced the game of 1857. Again he howls about Priests and Popery--Roman Catholic Frenchmen and the Hierarchy. Again he wishes to fling the fire brands of religious strife among the people. Mark the insult offered to the Catholic Clergy and through them to the Ca- _tholic laity in the remarks above quoted. " M. Chapais, says the @Joho,? (is a wmorough-go- ing French Canadian--an obedient son of the Roman Church--ready to employ ALL THE PRIESTS in Canadaas Road Inspectors, at two dollars a-day. Hurrah for Corruption! Depend upon it, we will have plenty of that, before ayear is over our heads." Because M. Chapais isa sincere Catholic he will purchase the influence of the Catholic Clergy at the rate of two dollars a-day by making them Road Inspectors! Who will believe such a vile slander? Itis perfectly useless for Mr, Brown to attempt his religious game any more. The people are perfectly satis- fied itis not from good motives such slanders are published. They know that Mr. Brown threw aside his high Protestantism in 1858 when he called seven Catholics into his two day's Ministry and bowed in humble suppliance to Mr. McGee, the man whom he before that time and has since, so unjustly abused, and asked him to give him his influence and support. Then was Popery right--then were the Priests right-- then were the " No Popery " howls of 1857 hushed up--then was Mr. Brown willing to ally him- self with French Catholics or Irish Catholics or any body else. Matters have changed, however. Mr. Brown thought matters were so arranged that he had the ball at his own feet--that he had ,nothing todo but turn out the Irish and take possession himself. Mr. McGee and Mr. Foley were, accordingly turned out of the Ministry. These menhaye since been treated by Brown as he treated Hincks and Baldwin heretofore. He has lamantably failed, however, to injure them--they are now members of a Conserva- tive Ministry, and Mr. Brown fears they will in- fluence the Catholic votes--that the Irish Ca- tholic of Upper Canada whom he has systim- atically abused for years, will 'support the new Administration--he raises the howl, therefore, of Priests and Popery and so on in the hope that he will thereby bias the Orange or ultra-Pro- testant class in Upper Canada against the new men. He will certainly fail of his object. The ~ people one and all are sick of Mr. Brown's " No Popery howls" and of every other religious howl and will not be deceived by the clap-trap of de- signing hypocrites in future. The Ministry and the Opposition. Mr. Sandfield Macdonald and the rest of the opponents of the Ministry, finding that the old ery of " corruption" is. no longer available, have got up something new, and they now bawl out "the Grand Trunk Ministry." Why they have hit upon such an expedient we donot under- stand, since it is well known thatthe Govern- ment most favorable to the Grand Trunk Rail- ' way Company was the Macdonald-Dorion Min- 'istry. In proof of this it is only necessary to state that the coalition Ministry offered the Grand Trunk Company $75 per mile for convey- ' §ng the mails, while the late Ministry, under the Premiership of Mr. Sandfield Macdonald, made an offer of $150 per mile, but, with the under- standing that the Company should give all its support to the Government. In effect, the ob- ject was to bribe the Company, but it was spurn- ed with the contempt it deserved. Everything goes to show that the Grand Trunk has nothing to expect from the present Ministry, the late one having done all that they could do, when, ac- cording to Mr, Sandfield Macdonald's statement, they paid more than double the amount of pos- tal subsidy offered by acoalition Ministry, We cannot see upon what ground the cry against the present Ministry is based, for the fact must now be patient to the world that the most. cor- rupt offer ever made by a Government was the one in June last, when the Macdonald-Dorion combination sought the Grand Trunk influence. The coalition Ministry aided the Company when it was necessary to dosod, and there can be no doubt that the Province will in the long run gain by it. No aid was given, however, with the view of securing Grand. Trunk influence, for it is well known that the Grand Trunk has in- variably gone against the party now in power. Of course it is the object of the Clear Grits to show differently, and with that object they have raised the Grand Trunk cry. Possibly they ex- pect to gain something by the trick, but it is not likely to succeed, as the thing is so easily seen through. Every miserable sheet in the, in- terest of the Opposition appears to have been in- structed to swellthe Grand Trunk refrain, and the consequence is that everything in the form of a Grit newspaper does its share in keeping up the deceptive cry. The Clear Grit party must be hard run in- deed,, when they are compelled to raise such a cry as they now indulge in. The fact of Mr. Sandfield Macdonald 'having offered to take office with Mr. Cartier, has so disgusted the Grits, that they were only too glad to get hold of something new, and they probably think themselves fortunate.in hitting upon the Grand Trunk expedient, by all odds the most baseless and untruthful assertion that could be made. The Globe thought itself clever in originating the Grand Trunk ery ; but we doubt ifit will be pleased with its handiwork six months hence. It has already boxed the political compass inside of a year, and ere another twelvemonth rolls away, the mistake may be discovered that it was not the wisest plan to raise a false issue, _parti- cularly as none but Grits would swallow. the absurd ery of ' the Grand Trunk Ministry-" It may be thought a very clever thing to use such a cry, but sensible people cannot be gulled with such shadowing humbug.' Some simpleton who supports Mr. McElroy-in this city, appears to have considered himself very shrewd when he got out the most pointless squit that perhaps emanated from a human brain. The dead walls on Sunday gave evidence to the genius of the crack-brained fellow who could devise such asyulv. We vugur surely 10 have been consigned: to the Lunatic Asylum, if ever found. A good joke may be enjoyed, but a miserable, unmeaning thing likeSthe trashy handbill post- ed about the city on Saturday evening should doom its author to the degradation he richly merits. The fellow seems to have. imagined that he had made a decided hit in connecting the Hon. Isaac Buchanan with the Grand Trunk Railway, a concern he has about as much to do with as the author of the squib has with com- mon sense.. The Grand Trunk. ig just now a fruitful theme with the Clear Grits; but they really do not know what they are talking about, when they speak of such a thing. It is enough for them to believe that they have got hold of a 'good cry; but like everything else they get hold of, it will soon be discarded for something else. _The "corruption" cry served its purpose, but the new one will fail to do so well, because it is already seen through, and cannot be used with any effect. The Opposition are doing all they can to excite a feeling of hatred in the country against the new Ministry, but we do not believe the attempt will be successful ; it is too transparent to deceive any body. The idea of connecting the Ministry with the Grand Trunk is sosilly that we are surprised at even the Grits taking it up.--Spectator. (et te The Sources of the Nile. Captain Speke, in his book just published, in- forms us that he endeavored to induce the King of Uganada to permit him to go up the Nile to the point where he supposed it flowed from Lake Nyanza. In July, 1862, however, consent was given, and the two travellers started on their tour. 'On the 26th of July he came to the nearest falls of the Nile," which he thus de- scribes :-- : FALLS OF THE NILE, The waters ran deep betweenits banks, which were covered with fine grass, soft cloudy acacias, and festoons of lilac convolvuli ; while here and there, where the land had slipped above the rapids, bared places of red earth could be' seen, like that of Devonshire ; there, too, the waters impeded. by a natural: dam, looked like a huge mill-pond, sullen and dark, in which two croco- diles, laving about, were looking out for prey. From the high banks we looked down' upon a line of sloping wooded islets lying across the stream, which divide its waters, and, by inter- rupting them, cause at once both dam and ra- pids.. The whole was more fairy-like, wild, and romantic than--I must confess that my thoughts took that shape--any thing I ever saw out of a theatre. It was exactly the sortof place, in fact, where, bridged across from one side-slip to the other, on a moonlight night, brigands would as- semble to enact some dreadful tragedy. He proceeded farther up, and on the 28th reached the " Ripon Falls," over. which, the water flows whenit leaves the lakes. THE SOURCE OF THE NILE. We were well rewarded ; for the " stones," as the Waganda calls the falls, was by far 'the most interesting sight I had everseen in Africa. Everybody ran to see them at once, though the march had been long and fatiguing, and even my sketch book was called into play. Though beautiful, thescene was notexactly whatI ex- pected ; for the broad surface of the lake: was shut out from view by a spur of hill, about 12 feet deep, and 400 to 500 feet broad, were broken by rocks, Stillit was a sight that attracted one to it for hours--the roar of the waters, the thousands of passenger fish, leaping at' the. falls with all their might, the Wasoga and Waganada fishermen coming out imboats dnd taking' post on all the rocks with rod and hook, hippopotami and crocodiles lying sleeping on the water, the ferry at work above the falls, and cattle driven down to drink at the 'margin 'of the lake, made, in all, with the pretty nature ofthe country-- small hills, grassy topped, with trées in the folds, and gardens on the lower slopes--as interesting a picture as one could 'wish to see. The expedition had now performed its fune-~ tions. I saw that old Father Nile without any doubt rises in the Victoria N'yanza, and asI had foretold, that lake is the great source of the holy river which cradled the first expounder of our religious belief. 1 mourned, however, when I thought how much I had lost by the delays in the journey haying deprived me of the. pleasure of going to look at the north-east corner of the N'yanza tosee what ¢onnection there was, by the strait so' often spoken of, with it and the other lake where the Waganda went to get their salt, and from which another river flowed to the north, making " Usogaan Island.", But I felt I ought to be content with what I had been spared to accomplish, tor I had seen full half of the lake, and had information given me of the other half, by means of which I knew all about the lake, so far, at least, as; the chiefiobjects of geographical importance were concerned. Let us now sum up the whole and see what it is worth. Comparative information assured' me that there was as much water on the eastern side of the lake as there is on the) western--if anything, rather more, The most. remote waters, or top head of the Nile, is the southern end of the lake, situated close on the third de- gree of south latitude, which gives to the Nile the surprising length, in direct' measurement, rolling over thirty-four degrees of latit&de, of above 2,300 miles, or more than one-eleventh of the circumference of our globe: . Now from this southern point, round by: the west, to where the great Nile stream issues, there!is only one feeder of any importance, and thatis the Kitangule River; while from the southernmost point, round by the east, to the strait, there are' no rivers at all ofany importance : for the travelled Arabs one and all aver, that fromthe west' of the snow-clad Kilimandjaro to the lake where it is cut by the second degree, and also the first de- gree of south latitude, there are salt lakes and salt plains, and the country is hilly, not unlike Unyamuezi ; but they said there were no great rivers, and the country was so scantily watered, having only occasional runnels and rivulets, that they always had to make long marches in order to find water when they went on. their. Badly JUULMOYD » ALU PAPI, we A rahg who. crossed the strait when they reached Usoga, aa mentioned before, during the late interregnum, crossed no river either. There remains: to be disposed of the " salt lake," which I believe. is not a salt, but a fresh-water lake; and my reasons are, as before stated, that the natives call all lakes salt if they find salt beds or salt is- lands in such places. Dr. .Krapf, when he ob- tained a sight of the Kenia Mountain, heard from the natives there that there wasa salt lake to its northward, and he also heard that a river ran from Kenia toward the Nile. If his information was true on this latter point, then, without doubt, there must exist some connection between his river and the salt lake I have heard of, and this, in all probability, would also establish a con- nection between my salt and his salt lake, which he heard was called Baringo, In no view that can be taken of it, however, does this unset- tled matter touch the established fact that the head of the Nile is in three degrees south lati- tude, where, in the year 1858, I discovered the head of the Victoria N'yanza to be. " Captain Speke continued his voyage down the river, passed through Uganda and into the kiogdom of Unyoro and so down to Cairo. English Correspondence, PRADA PRARAD DDD" Enexanp, March 15th, 1864. Brother Jonathan is in some degree a lucky fellow, even in the midst of national calamities. How sweet a thing and how gratifying to mor- bose humanity to bave companionship even in suffering. If anything has been devoutly wished for in the States, during the last three years, next to that utterly impossible thing--the res- toration of the Union to its normal condition-- it has been that there might be a war in Europe. That mongrel breed of Anglo-Saxon, Sioux, Shoshone, Kiowas, and Yutas, with Scandin- ayian, Teuton, Celt, and Gaul, with an under stratum of the despised nigger, is of course a breed well calculated to sympathise with every people under the sun! If England should be forced into a war in order to maintain the honor of her people, and to demand justice for the Danes, we are well aware that our Federal cousins would deeply pity us! New York, in the midst of its revelry, sin, vain delights and shoddy fortunes, can find time to send across the Atlantic a burst of delight at our approaching trials. Some of the letters from that moral Sodom show how keen is the satisfaction of many of its amiable inhabitants, because there is forced upon some portion of Europe, a savage and ag- gressive war, against our wishes and predilec- tions. The difference between our troubles and theirs seems to be this: they have brought their own troubles on themselves, and although their groans are deepening daily by reason of their sufferings, yet they madly resolve to per- petuate them. They are, in short, "' a people that delight in war." They see a peculiar beauty in the wheels of Juggernaut, and there is melody in the cries arising from the carcass of Moloch. But strange as it may seem, eyen from a people so strange, their delight in war is to fight by proxy. They don't mind a mountain of Greenbacks, but are chary of their blood. Whereas with us English we feel the incubus war has already in former years put upon us. We cannot eat, drink, labor, or sleep but we are brought into contact. with things which force- ably remind one of the price the children are paying in thew and sinew, ease and comfort de- nied, for the battles of their forefathers. This makes us'very cautious. e can better afford tobe called cowards by New Yorkers, whilst we know we-are not, than to rush into every street fight which ruffians:may choose to'raise about a pot of ale, or a less substantial thing. But should those same ruffians seek to insult us or those under our protection, the time for hesita- tionwill have passed, and Englishmen will be found defending themselves to the last, regard- less of all consequences, Our forefathers have left us traditions by which we are determined to profit. Time was, when it was a word and a blow with John Bull, like it is now with the Federals ; he has'however profited by his passing through the deep waters of affliction, and is not now so ready to plunge into battle at a sudden, like your neighbors across the lakes are, who as yet may be considered as 'a bullock unaccustomed to the yoke." In process of time their high-mettle will be sobered down in the crucible of suffering and indebtedness. The product, charity would hope, will be found in future-years to be an in- crease of Federal prudence, wisdom, moderation, and common sense, And yet they appear to poss- ess a goodly 'amount of the latter useful commo- dity in other matters save their infatuating war. Positively, they appear to us to be like.a, moon- struck people in this respect. . By the mysteri- ous workings of consanguinity we feel drawn out towards them in. pity--real, genuine pity-- because of the hardihood of their foolishness in prosecuting their intestine war, without the re- motest chance of success. I remember, on a summer's day I was once walking through a certain meadow, when my attention was arrested by the sight of'an immense Ant-hill on'the top of the hedge I was about to cross, I had noticed Ant-hills before, but this one appeared very ex- traordinary. The size of the hill and of the ants, the numerousness of the community; and their unusual commotion, induced me to dwell awhile and watch their movements. On one side of the, hedge was a pond, and on the side whence I was about to cross, was\a deep stone quarry. In bending to look closer at the indus- trious little fellows, working away as nimble as bees making honey, I perceived they consisted of two distinct' colors ; one, and what appeared much'the lesser number, was a fiery red; the other. a. deep brown. . The Reds appeared also very much livelier and in more earnest about their work than the Browns. Whena boy, I had watched many a time with delight the wondrous contrivances and displays of sagacity of the Ant. I was rather an adeptin the entomology of this order, and genus, and I understood their various movements and habits, ' What are these fellows doing?" I thought. They are working very oddly. Every moment I became more interested in their petty performances. | The Reds were always together, as also-reve the + oboe aad 2 ores aaieantvs warvling | saw a number of Reds rush on to the top of their hill, and seize one of the little sticks of which the structure is formed, and began to bear it away towards the side of the hedge nearest the pond. They had proceeded but a short space when a host of Browns laid hold of the stick at the other end, and tried to draw it back whence it was taken. Tug, tug, well done, Browns; backwards goes the stick, and such glee seemed to be shewn by them, and they treated the Reds as very insignificant insects. When they were got some distance back towards the ' hill" on my left, I discovered a vast number of Reds hur- rying up the side of, the hedge, and advanced in a compact body to their defeated comrades, and instantly the Browns fled in a panic. The Reds again seized the stick, and bore it triumphantly down the side of the hedge to the margin of the pond, where I saw anew "hill" was being con- structed. This successful struggle shewed me that a contest was waging between the two kinds of Ants, although they seemed to occupy one and the same "hill." From this moment, however, the Reds in thousands poured forth from the old hill," bearing with them sticks and straws in large numbers. They all marched towards their new settlement near the water, and marvellous was the dexterity with which they overcame the difficulties in their way, and safely lodged their burdens. Looking towards the old 'hill," I saw swarms of Browns collect- ing from every side except near the pond, where only a few struggling Reds and Browns could be seen. They assembled in dense masses around their citadel, and hundreds at once ran into the "hill," soon returning to the multitude without, causing a wondrous commotion and swelling amongst them, perhaps by. the power of their Formican oratory, of the injury done to their Republic by the present loss of sticks and straws, and the threatened loss of half the hedge and pond. To my surprise I saw a few Reds in the midst of this concourse of Browns. What can those be doing there? Are they false to their color, or are they pleading the cause of their kindred? The latter surely, for each stood alone, and his gesticulations produced profound quiet, amongst the Browns by which each was surrounded. When they ceased whatI supposed to be their orations, a sudden fwreur was exhib- ited by the Browns; they rushed upon the few Reds, and I expected to see them torn into frag- ments; but was agreeably surprised to see the noble Reds hurling the cowardly assassins one by one from them, and by dint of their superior agility the Reds leapt over the Browns and es- caped towards the pond. During this remark- able performance I noticed thousands of other Browns ascending and descending the side of the hedge near the quarry, singly and in parties, bearing sticks and straws to the partially de- molished ' hill" on the top of the hedge. | They appeared to stop on their way and accost each other, and then others would join them until great numbers had assembled. After a few moments quiet, they let go their burdens and hurried precipitately towards the " hill," where they were met by the vast multitude already congregated. Not being able to remain any longer then, I resolved to have another sight of this Hymenoptera people on the morrow. Im- agine my surprise the next day, on revisiting the spot to find the " hill" almost entirely dismantled, and tens of thousands of Ants formed into two distinct bodies, covering the top of the hedge, which seemed to simmer like a cauldron by the upheayings of these two armies. At length the Reds made a desperate onslaught on the masses of the Browns, which far outnumbered the w Lee former, The Browns lay in heaps of slain and © disabled, and were scattered hither and thither ; thousands rushing headlong, in their panic, deyn the hedge, whence they fell into the quarry in the bottom™of which late rains had left a depdgwor slimy nud. Into this mud the un- happy little wretches fell by thousands, where "they stuck fast and died miserably, no doubt, in their last agony, lamenting the folly which le@ them to sacrifice their, yaluable lives for stickg and straws. Well, the defeated Browns took shelter in their tottering " bill," sadly lamenting: that so much of it, which was their glory afore- time, should be filched from them bythe Reds. In conclave these wise Browns once more 'met, and determined to recover their half of the hedge now lost to them with the pond of water/and all the sticks and straws; and whilst one stick or straw remained unrestored to the old: 'hill,? they would think nothing of the loss oflife. ¥F suppose this resolution was made in their ex- cess of ardour, for it occurred to me at the mo- ment that the hedge, though not so very bro was wider than mcst hedges, and run in length I think East afl West, a great distance. Al along the top, and by the sides, there were more sticks and straws than the Browns, with their Formican posterity, could use for centuries, Why 'waste their busy energies and precious 'time to bring back those sticks and straws on .the South side of the hedge, in the face of op position and death, when their sort can be had abundantly along' the hedge to the Wést? Per- haps, thought J, those diminutive animals may possess that vice--pride--said to be confined to a nobler race; or it may be that the force «of habit and association produces such a love of the old sticks and straws that the Browns feel they would rather part with everything else than them. Well done,Browns, a most sage resolution truly! The conclave ended, and Jorth sallied the Ants who henceforth were to offer up their lives.as a holocaust to sticks and straws. There was a long-sided Ant amongst the Browns, which was remarkable for the length of his pro- boscis and the wonderful gyrations he could make, who seemed to take the lead, and who counselled them to manage to get the Black Ants and the Emerald Ants, over the way, to. assist them against the Reds, by promising them little bits of the ends of the sticks.and straws to": carry home with them, as they were deficient of these on their hedge, as there were a certain wind which blew from Italy that blasted all sthe sticks aud straws on the hedge of the. Emeralds, Now, there was near the pond, another Ant-hill, of very unobstrusive and inoffensive Ants, which could labor and live alone pit Ad were well disposed towards the Reds, and assis- ted to get their sticks and straws up the side of ihe nedge to the old "hin." They did notlike the Browns because they taunted them on account -- | of their hue, and would not let them carry the same stick or straw with them for fear of become ing Black Ants instead of Brown. Longs shanks advised the Browns to. invite over the Emeralds, and go by night and offer the Blacks all sorts of good things and free community with them if they would help to kill out the Reds, The Blacks, generally, preferred to remain'on their own little hilt; a few, however, went over 3 and most of these, with heaps of Emeralds, I saw a few days after floating on the pond, and washed on its shore,dead. The Browns formed a tremendous army of Browns, Emeralds, ~ lows, and Blacks, and descended into the neigh- borhood of the Reds, for the purpose of retaking the sticks and the straws which the Reds had tee moved from the old "hill." They were met by a greater number of Reds th they expected as they were returning up the hedge laden with the sticks and straws they so much loved. Many conflicts ensued with varie@ results. Soon, however, the Browns fled, and climbed up the bushes, and witnessed the Yel- lows, Emeralds, and Blacks do the fighting, The Reds having their hearts in the matter, and being very expert and nimble, dashed their op- ponents headlong down into the pond, Day after day my curiosity led me to watch the con- test, and every visit showed increasing deg tion, and decreasing numbers. Many of 'te Ants were so maimed or disabled that they could not crawl over the smallest twig. Thousandg were seen of the Browns bringing sticks an@ straws to the old "hill," vainly endeayoring to build it up again; butit was gutted within, and the more they laid on the top the more it sank, and the less it seemed to be as of old. Qn re- turning to the spot a few weeks after, I perceivéd the old ' hill" was being removed to a new gi the sticks and straws forming a new " hill." Ad the Browns, and Emeralds, and Yellows, were working together; but where were the Blacks? Few indeed of them could be seen. I looked@ upon the pond side of the hedge; the " belonging to the Blacks was in ruins, whilét their dead carcasses strewed the ground. The Reds, too, in greatly diminished numbers, but'in possession of the sticks and straws they taken from the old "hill," were industrious employed and looking very happy, building'a. new "hill," having the side of the hedge and the pond all to themselves, whilst the Blackg who remained faithful to them were operating conjointly to rear a fabric which for the future was to be the home of both on equal termg, "Oh! dear me !" thought I, sighing, "how apt an illustration is this of the foolish war in the Stateg, These little insects,guided only by their 'instinet, saw and acknowledged the folly of their strife and before utter destruction came, compromiged : their quarrels, and agreed to live divided anc peace. Would that the Americans would learn wisdom from these once foolish but now wise Ants. For, after all, what are the Federals fighting for but sticks and straws?" - 6 © unjuabience LEONAB, A QuEBEcER 1x COMMAND AT Axornsnorm 5 Deputy Assistant Commissiary General M. Irvine, who has just returned from four years service in the West Indies, has been appomtéd in charge of the Commissariat Department and in command of the Commissariat staff corpsat Aldershot. Mr. Irvine is a son of Lieut. Gor. Tryine, A. D. ©. to the Governor General, a: Was some years ago quartered in Quebec, whe he has many friends who entertain a favor: recollection of him. oe) LJ