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Will The Krupp Empire ise Again In Europe? William Schiller, the author of this article, is a foreign corres- | pondent for France Soir, largest daily newspaper in 'Paris, who is temporarily'. on The Milwaukee Jornal staff as an exchange For. than 30 years Soviet Russia has been a most faithful, although involuntary ally of Krupp one of the, world's biggest capita- list bastions, The Kr . oh ; of Europe, whose nts spraw, over honed square nules mainly along the Rbur and Rhine rivers an and about Essen (western Germany) are worth 500 million dollars. : Twice in 32 years the fear of confinunism has been the spring- board from which both the father, Gustav Krupp von Bohlen and Hal- bach, and the son, Alfred, jumped , German steel kings | right out of allied prisons back | again into big business. Latest word is that tne western Allies and | the Bonn government are dead- locked over disposal of the sprawl- ing Krupp empire and have fail eu after months of negotiations to agree on how to keep Alfred, un- der German law, from buying back large chunks of the coal and steel industries after the Krupp indus- trial grant is dismembered. On a cold dawn of February, 1951, a slim, pale faced man of 43 walked out of the Allied prison for war criminals at Lanugbers, Ger- many. It was Alfred Wen, Me- Cloy, then United States high com- missioner in Germany, had just re- prieved him. Alfred had served only six of the 12 years he had peen sentenced to by the Nurem- perg tribunal, where he had been convicted with other notorious Nazi leaders. Once again the powerful Krupp family was on the loose. This second happy ending in the * history was the conse- quence of the patient work of two generations. Over a period of 50] years the powerful kings of the German steel industry had con- cluded a large number of secret and oral alliances with the world's most influential political ciréles. The Krupps had spun a world-wide economic and political network. They succeeded in convincing po- litical leaders that the Krupps were the only ones capable of sav- ing Germany from communism. Their entire amazing power was established on this theme. FIRST BOUGHT A FORGE The Krupp story had its modest beginning at the end of the Nap- oleonic © wars, when Frederick bought for very little money a little forge in the town of Essen. His only aims were to make good cast steel -- as good as the Brit ish -- and also to earn as much money as possible. He wasn't at all concerned about building up an unofficial and influential political power, But Frederick did not even make money. In 1826 his son Al- fred, eldest of thee brothers, had to take over. The Krupps didn't get into arms manufacture until 1843, when Alfred started putting be are Krupp was served in der the shining roof of the great exhibition of 1851. The young Ger- plant exhibited the larg- est | , flawless ingot of cast y knew & revolution in had begun. And that of the Tite of ling to both sides in a war--even when their own beloved fatherland was on one of the sides. They also found it good business to aid in promoting wars, thereby creating | Austrai, r the Krupp firm wanted ito preserve its good international |Rrupp guns, helped the firm's for- .|beyond destroying some obsolete in guns at Essen and fined them, ments wit) Schneiders, the French [power and the Fuehrer never for- | arms company, and some British ' munitions manufacturers. | The Crimewn war becween Rus-| sia and Turkey and several Bal-| kan conflicts were fanned by their | ardor for selline 'guns ""h * : Austria or the Krupp firm waned nent, the Geirmais &V,v-..u v sought to block Krupp from de- livering cannon being readied for shipment to Austria. The first Al- fred protested that he didn't like to default on his contract with business reputation. He hit upon a happy solution that satisfied his sense of business ethics he would ship the cannon, but would tip off the German army as to when and by what route they would be shipped, so that they could be 'seized as contraband. BERTHA TOOK OVER The Franco-Prussian war of 1870 in which the French and the Ger- mans blasted one another with turnes immensely. By the time old Alfred died in 1887, Krupps was a billion mark business, Alfred was succeeded by his son Friedrich A'- fred, called Fritz, who took a lifelong friendship with the late Kaiser Wilhelm II. Thus the Es- sen firm attained a semiofficial status as imperial arms maker, Friedrich died in 1902 -- perhaps by suicide following a widespread scandal about his morals. He lived long enough to see the firm's order book beginning to swell with Rus- sian and Japanese orders for weapons to fire against each other in the Russo-Japanese war. A Friedrich left a daughter, Ber- tha -- the same for whom the Big Bertha cannon was later named. She took over the firm, although it was an unusual thing in that patriarchal German era. But the kaiser had plans for Ber- tha's future and for the future of a noble but poor gentleman in his diplomatic service called Gustav von Bohlen und Halbach: He fixed their marriage. The Krupp line had run out, but by special imperial dispensation, Gustav was permitted to add his wife's name to his own; from then on the family name was Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach. Gustav turned out to be a splen- did businessman. He was the final architect of that vast edifice of world-wide Krup "connections' (shareholding, participations, se- cretly interlocking directorates, cartel agreements), which made Krupp so notable an international power and found for Krupp so many, more or less unavowed al- les, in so many countries, in so many usefully high places, enabl- ing them to sell arms on both sides of the fence as the clouds of World War I gathered. They sold arms to France and Russia, and made a profitable contract with the British firm of Vickers-Arm- strong to let them use a Krupp pa- tended shell fuse on a royalty basis. During the war the firm's prof- its' soared to dizzy levels, and the Krupps worked hard to block every proposal for negotiating peace, Then came the defeat of 1918, | and the Krupp plants were shut down tight. But Gustav knew just what to do, how to play the game. The victorious Allles made loud noices about punishing the Krupps, but the retribution never went equipment. The Krupps were for- bidden to make arms, but they switched temporarily to making rail equipment, machinery and cash registers. In 1920, Allied in- spectors caught Krupps making They didn't uncover a secret fac- tory in eastern Germany in which Krupp war material was also being made. One of Gustav's strong suits in the early 1920's was the constant reiteration of the cry that unless he and his friends were treated nicely bolshevism in Germany their own market. In such promo- tion, they developed working agree would result. It was a game Hitler learned. Gustav helped Hitler to Canadian Woman In London, Provides Home For Troops LONDON (CP)--Canadian sol- rs visiting England on leave m Germany don't have far to 0 to find homelike hospitality in don anda Canadian hostess and "mother confessor" who has their interests at heart. : Groups of them flock continually to the British leave centre at Nuf- field House just behind St.Mart ins- in-the-field, off Trafalgar Square where Lena McLure of Charlotte- townholds forth. She is employed by the British centre. Miss McLure, daughter of W. Chester S. McLure, member of Parliament for the P.E.I.constitu- "boys" as the brigadiers and gen- erals of tomorrow and says '"'every- one at home can be proud of them." Her reputation for doing a fine Job of looking after Canadian troopson leave is known by ail Canadians in the United Kingdom and Germany. They come in to talk to her, to read, eat a solid meal and get a bit of homesick- ness off their chests. Then they g0 back to duty refreshed.' "1 just make sons of them," says Miss McLure. "They often come in here I as though butter | wouldn't melt in. their mouths, but RELIEF I know them well and I am proud of them for they are well-behaved and always smart in appearance." Recently she had a couple of special visitors. They were Sgts. Mark Helesie of Goderich, Ont., || and Aurele Levesque of St. Pascal, Que., who had finished a tough | of guards training battalion in Sur- | rey. i The Canadian sergeants came out with top marks, Helesie being | the only Canadian with an A| rating, making him one of three out of 100° men with full marks. The older Levesque, a veteran of the Second World War, won a B grading, which in guards' terms, is high. | | ROYAL VISIT | OSLO, Norway (CP)--King Haa- | kon of Norway will make an' official visit to Sweden on March 23-25. He last visited Stockholm in| connection with the 70th birthday of King Gustaf Adolf in 1952. The! Swedish King and Queen paid an official visit here last spring: Isaac Watts, who died in 1748. | wrote more than 500 hymns in-| 9 3 "0 God, Our Help in Ages ast." ! FOR COLDS Check the discomfort of a got it. " During the powgr of 'the Krupp family reach- ed an extension such as even Frie- drick never dreamed of. In 1043, Alfred took over virtually com- nlete control of European industry. He had received from. Hitler a free hand to plunder and pillage the "factories of Europe. He also got an unlimited supply of slave labor from the occupied countries. And his masterpiece was some- thing unique in history: He got a formal treaty between himself, a private manufacturer, and the gov- vernment of his country (a treaty biatanyl flouting the basic laws of Germany). France, Belgium, Holland, Yugo- slavia, Greece, Russia were the scenes of Krupp's looting cam- paign. Alfred stole whole mines, whole factogies. One big sheet met- al works he shipped entire from Belfort (France) to Essen. Once again defeat came to Ger- many. Alfred fled to Austria, where he surrendered to a British pat- rol. This time, said the Allies, it was going to be different; Alfred would not escape punishment like his father, Gustav did. He was brought before an American mili- tary court at Nuremberg in 1947. TRIAL LASTED YEAR Krupp's trial lasted an entire year. In 1948 he was sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment in Lands- berg jail--the place where Hitler wrote most of 'Mein Kampf". Plundering and the exploitation and maltreatment of foreign labor were the crimes proved against him. In jail Krupp ran his business as usual; his property had been confiscated nominally, but the act of confiscetion had never been car- ried out. In February, 1951, Alfred was liberated and the order confiscat- ing his property was rescinded. He immediately began to. negotiate with the "victors'" about what they were to pay him in respect of his property rights and as "compensa- tion". Last August the news came from Frankfort that Alfred was to receive a total of 75 million dollars for one part of his holdings and &n- other sum -- its real value estimat- ed at between 60 and 75 million dollars -- for another part. Nominally the *splitting" of the Krupp empire is going ahead and Alfred Krupp now is just an awfully rich private citizen, shorn of the power which dominated Europe. | war, the fabulous nN: " Discussions 'Bid Probes Into Rural Life REGINA (CP)--A new technique in' investigation is being used hv the royal commissirn which ie in. quiring into all phases of Sas- katchewan's agriculture and rural life. The commission has been holding public meetings to find out what farm people are thinking. At the meetings, the audience is split into five or six discussion groups. The same pattern of discussion in small groupy was followed at conferences in Regina and: Saské- toon of representatives of organi zations with province-wide rural and urban interests. W. B. Baker, commission chair- man, emphasized at these meetings that the main purpose of the dis- cussions is to get assistance in se- lecting the key rural problems to be investigated, to interest as many as possible in the inquiry and to stimulate the preparation of_ briefs. The six commissioners narrowed their broad field down to eight sug- gested areas of study. These are farm management, marketing, far- mer organizations, co-ordination of services, research, extension, rural settlement patterns and alternative employment in related industries. Football Art Draws Many LONDON (CP)--The Football Association's "'culture contest', in- cluded in the body's plans for 90th anniversary celebrations this year, has attracted entries from more than 1,000 painters, sculptors and other artists. Prizes are worth about $8,500. Officially the contest is known as the football and fine arts com- petition. Competitors must follow a strict football theme is their art entries--a game of association foot- ball or something directly connec- ted with it. FAMOUS CLIPPER LONDON (CP)--The Cutty Sark, last survivor of the famous tea clippers, will be preserved in a dry berth here in the same fashion as Nelson's 'Victory' at Ports- mouth. A site has tentatively been chosen on the south bank of the Thames at Greenwich. CROSSWORD PUZZLE 8. Jewish 20 month 6. Fold over 1. Fetch 8. Celestial being 11. Zesty 12. Thick cord 14. Observe 17. Rodents 20. Sweet potato $2. Back of the neck 24. Pause 27. Render muddy ACROSS 1. Bird's stomach 8. White matter of spinal cord 9. Long-eared rodent 10. Farm building 11. Spice 13. Swine 15. Overhead 16. Smell 18. Born 19. Enemy scout $1. Small sparkling object 23. Rip 25. Greek letter 26. Ear shell 28. Garden tool 32. Turf 34. Always 35. Meat pies 39. A wing 40. Wine cup 41. Tardy 43. Part of "to be 44. Dips lightly into water 46. Search for provisions 48. Uprising 50. Desire 51. River (It) 53. The Orient DOWN 1. Spruce 2. Hastened 3. A constel- lation 4. Obnoxious plants 30. Joyful an. 38. 43. FIT TSIT RNC]! JOIN] [CUR] [ONANIOIE]S) (ANT [SIND] IVIEIRIT] TINSINEIAIRIERRVIA | IN[EJS[AIPOIRIOIVIS] SICIAICIRISENT]! ISIH} [RIOIERNOL! IS 1 ; Polynesian drink satis- AICICIOISIT PIE[ONISINF]! INJAIL} CISC IE EV! 33 Nocturnal Yesterday's Answer mammal (C. Am.) American authoress Assam silkworm 45. Male descendant 47. Beast of burden 49. Toward * WANTED! NO DOWN WASHERS! We will pay you $66.50 for your old washer on the purchase of a new Beatty stainless steel washer. This is the best washer buy in Canada. See it today. PAYMENT ! Co-Chairmen Elected For Christian-Jews Council It was announced today by Richard D. Jones, executive di- rector of the Canadian Council of Christians and Jews, that: John D. Hayes, Roy Herbert Thomson and 0. B. Rodger had been elected <>-chairmen of the Council at a mesting of the executive held in Toronto. The Council was organized five years ago for the purpose of im- proving group relations through- out Canada. As an educational or- ganization it channels its program through the churehes, - schools, community organizations, labour- management groups and the med- ia of communications. A day to day program is spon sored that culminates with Broth- erhood Week, the hongurary chair- man of which is the Rt. Hon Louis S. St. Laurent, and te active chairman J. Gerald Godsoe, past president of the Toronto Board of Trade. The dates for Brotherhood Week are Feburary 15-22. John Hayes, born in "Belleville, Ontario is now a resident of To- ronto. He is President, General Manager and Chairman of the Laura Secord Candy Shops and President of Fannie Farmer hn dy Shops. * | Roy Herbert Thomson is one of Canada's most widely known pub- lishers. As president of the Thom- son Company Limitéd, he pub- lishes papers in many cities of Ontario including Oshawa, as well as in Quebec, Saskatchewan, Van- couver and in St. Petersburg, Flor- ida. Mr, Thomson also owns sev- eral radio stations. When elected as co-chairman of the Council he had been serving on its Bord of Directors. 0. B. Rodger, though born in England, has resided in Canada for many years. He has long been associated with the Shell Oil Com- 'pany and is at present Secretary- Treasurer of that concern with his office in Toronto. IF BILLS WORRY YOU, sell things you're no longer using for CASH, through Times-Gazette Clas- sified ads. Phone 3-2233. A THE DAILY TIMES-GAZETTE, Thursday, January 18 1953 13 Liquor Raid Like Football, Court Hears SAULT STE. MARIE, ONT. (CP) --Evidence presented in court to- day sounded more like a play by play account of a football game than a description of a police raid on an alleged bootlegging estab-- lishment. Charged with keeping liquor for sale are Mrs, Beatrice Longarini and Ernest Veiceli. "Mrs. Longarini blocked me five or six times as I tried to get through the back door," morality squad Sergeant John Bailey said. "She kept hollering 'Ernie, get rid of the evidence.' Then she tackled me and held me by the legs. and stopped him from dumping & The 'rial is continuing. GETTING ©XPERIEN"E LONDON (CP)--Maj. Peter Rob- erts, Conservative me aber of Par- lament, .4a8 asked in the House of Commons for his' views on out- patients in hospitals, But Maj. Rob- erts was not there. His automobile - skidded en route and he was taken to hospital with minor 'injuries. The locks of the Panama Zoe] were designed by Alexander Eif-: fel, who built the tameu w.uel Tower in Paris. a 13 How*Skinny" Girls Get Lovely Curves 'Thousan "But Cpl. Elvyn McCoy made one of the® nicest end runs I've | fiesh ever seen and scooted down to the basement." 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