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. OPINIONS DAILY TIMES-CAZETTE EDITORIAL PAGE. FEATURES The Daily Times-Gazette OSHAWA WHITBY THE OSHAWA TIMES (Established 1871) THE WHITBY GAZETTE + CHRONICLE (Established 1863) The Times. iss Canadian Press, b-( Association, the Ontario ihe. Caieiisn Daily Syipapers A a Ant Bureau of Circulations. A. R. ALLOWAY, President and Publisher T, L, WILSON, Vice-President and Managing Director M. MCINTYRE HOOD, Managing Editor "SUBSCRIPTION RATES ; thy. klin, Port mall, outside Canadas and England, 8592 TUESDAY, OCTOBER 19, 1948 Good Citizenship The news story which appeared in The Times-Gazette on Saturday, telling that two citizens of Oshawa, Edwin Clark and Frank Gazeluk, residents of the College Hill area, had donated $100 each to pro- vide an attractive entrance to the new Storie Park on Mill Street, is, to say the least, refreshing. It brings to light a type of good citizenship which is not too often to be found in these modern days. This generous gift from two citizens of the area served by the park shows not only a fine sense of appreciation of the gift of Alex Storie in donating the land, and the work done by the Parks' Board and the Kinsman Club in providing recreational facilities on it, but it reveals a sense of pride in building up something worthy of the community 'in which the donors live. It may be an inspiration to others when two men who might, without any reflection on them, be referred to as "working men" come along and show their willingness te contribute to such a cause in generous measure. Mr. Clark and Mr. Gazeluk are to be congratulated on the leadership in good citizenship they have shown in their tan- gible gesture of appreciation. A Pioneer Passes The passing of former Senator E. D. Smith at Winona, in his 95th year, re- moves from the Canadian scene one of ' the few remaining pioneers who form a link with the early days of Ontario's de- velopment as a province. Born in 1853, ex-Senator Smith formed a link with pre- Confederation days, and the contribution which he made to the building of Ontario was a considerable one. When Mr. Smith started in fruit farm- ing in the district near his home, there was no Niagara fruit belt. But he saw the great possibilities of the soil and climatic conditions in the peninsula, and it was not many years before he was supplying, from his nursery, the trees which launched the Niagara district on its course as the great fruit centre of Ontario. His pioneer zeal was then seen in-the establishment of Canada's first commercial plant for the processing of fruit, from which venture a great industry has grown. He created something which is now a. highly important factor in pro- moting the prosperity of thousands of On- tario fruit growers. In the public life of his country, Mr. Smith was an outstanding figure for many years. Although a Conservative member of 'Parliament for thirteen years before being elevated to the Senate, he was never, as a Senator, a violent or bitter partisan. Always constructive in his viewpoint, al- ways keenly interested' in anything which " would tend to greater development of Canada's natural resources and markets for Canadian products, he was, until ill- health overtook him, a strong figure in Senate deliberations. Former Senator Smith has left a great heritage behind him, not only for his own family, but for all Canadians who are will- ing to take lessons from what the great men of the past have done, and are willing to emulate the ideas and ideals for which he lived. ait . Drinking And Driving Dr. Joselyn Rogers, medical adviser to the Attorney-General's Department of Ontario, is authority for a statement which _should be given more than passing atten- Dr. Rogers claims that alcohol is tion, concerned in more than half of the traffic accidents which occur in this province. 'While police court records do indicate that there are far too many people who drive under the influence of alcohol, it is rather startling to have the number placed at so high a figure. This indicates a de- gree of irresponsibility on behalf of many motor vehicle drivers that is alarming. No man who is under the influence of liquor, is capable of the judgment that is required in driving a motor car, but unfortunately when men reach that stage, they are not in a position to exercise their faculties to the extent of refraining from driving. The only remedy is strict enforcement of the laws regarding drunken drivers, and this is one sort of offence against there should be no relaxation of police vigilance. Ban On Reds . The Civil Service Assembly of the Uni- [1 ted States'and Canada, in session at Otta- wa, passed a resolution asking that a com- plete ban be placed on the employment of communists in the civil service. A resolu- tion of this kind, of course, should not be necessary. It should be taken for granted that, beqause of the philosophy which they are pledged to uphold as commun- ists, they would not be allowed to hold any position in the employ of the government of the country they are sworn to destroy. It is easy to rule that all communists shall be banned from the civil service. It will not be so easy to ensure that this'can be made effective. The communist who seeks to do the greatest harm to this coun- try is not he who proclaims his allegiance from the housetops, but he who cloaks his communism under some other mask, and by hiding the fact that he is red in his sympathies and beliefs, infiltrates not only the civil service but all kinds of organiza- tions. By all means ban the communists from civil 'service posts -- but the import- ant thing is to devise some methods for as- certaining which of the applicants are communists. Editorial Notes Tim Buck is starting off on a nation-wide speaking tour of Canada in the interests of Russian communism. We wonder how far an anti-communist would be allowed to travel on such a mission in Russia. a * * When the Community Chest canvasser calls, do try to make your contribution at the first visit. The canvassers are busy people with many-calls to make, and every return visit means just so much more of their time consumed. ® Other Editors' Views eo MARGARINE WILL COME (Le Nouvelliste, Three Rivers) The importation of butter in no way settles the problems of the embargo on margarine and on its manufacture in the country. It simply adjourns it and earns a respite for the government, hard pressed by the partisans of margarine. If the Supreme Court finds the embargo illegal , . . that would be a solution for the government . , . which would cer- tainly have the wisdom to submit to the law. The dairy industry should get used to the idea that mar- garine will end up by getting its freedom in Can- ada. It should reorganize accordingly and find new outlets for its production. If the diminution of herds is taken into account, and that dairy products will remain at high prices, it is sure that the dairy in- dustry will do well, but on condition of working to- gether and reducing the cost of production by scien- tific methods. } e A Bit of Verse o DEPARTURE Summer is pulling up stakes again. She waves farewell to the wooded glen, And her musical voice that we long have known Takes on an ominous, pensive tone, She seems reluctant to say Good-bye. Low-hanging clouds in a heavy sky Sob out their sorrow in tears of rain fThat spatter against our window pane, Nude maples clasp with a losing hold Frayed remnants of sunset red and gold At thelr autumn pageant so proudly worn, But now by the ruthless north wind torn. In the bushlot garrulous caravans Of crows assemble to charter plans For their exodus to a warmer zone, Where as friends they perhaps are better known. Sturdy plowmen urge their plodding teams To the furrow's end, and the plowshare gleams As the stubble roll$ in its loamy nest And snuggles down for its final rest. Apple trees, once lovely to look upon, Stand gaunt and haggard, their glamour gone. But a bountiful harvest gathered in Replenished the empty barrel and bin, Our guest departs, but before she leaves, Of her lavish gifts everyone receives. And the beauty and joy of her brief life-span Make summer a boon to the heart of man. - REUBEN BROWN, "The Human Race" By HAROLD DINGMAN Ott Corresp Ottawa, Oct. 19 --With an elec- tion almost certain next year it is doubtful whether the government will feel it can afford to let rent controls lapse. There are several hundred thou- sand tenant votes in the country and faced with the increased force of the Opposition under George Drew the government might well decide that it would spell political suicide to end rent controls. They are due to lapse automatic- ally when the Transitional Powers Act expires next March 31 and it had been considered likely the fed- eral government would depart from the field then, leaving it to the provinces to do whatever they like about it. Federal sources have been silent on the subject for some time, how- ever, and there is some reason to believe they are having ° second thoughts, The Canadian Federation of Pro- perty owners is challenging the validity of rent controls in an action brought before the Supreme Court of Ontario and much de- pends upon the outcome of the case, Even if the case goes against the government, however, it need not necessarily spell the end of rent controls for the limited time be- fore the next election. A final court decision could. be postponed by ap- pealing the Ontario decision--if it is adverse--to the Supreme Court of Canada and, if necessary, to the Privy Council. In the meantime, the government might decide to ex- tend controls for another six months. The worst piece of gobbledegock to appear recently even in official orders turned up one night last week. The cabinet's decision on the provincial appeal against the 21- per cent freight rate increase was contained in a 1,200-word, confus- ingly written order in council. The meat of the order was contained in a single sentence, several lines in length and written in someone's best official-ese. It required con- siderable studying before anyone could tell what it meant. The day after, the order-in-coun- cil was released, an Ottawa news- paperman ran into a prominent railway official. "Well," said the newspaperman, "what do you think of what the government has just done to you people?" "Well," the still puzzled railway- man replied, "just what has the government done to us?" He had then read the gobblede- gock several times. . The government announced today that "Fighting Frank" Worthing- ton has a new job. He's to be co- ordinator of civil defence planning. Government, sources; admit that the emphasis is heavily on the plan- ning. The appointment was made chiefly for morale reasons; the government hopes the general's ap- pointment will forestall possible criticism over lack of adequate de- fence measures, Gen. Worthington, incidentally, was commander of the 4th armour- ed division during part of the last war. He was known as a protege of Gen. McNaughton and like the army commander mever got into action in that conflict. When Mc- Naughton was replaced as army commander, many of the men closely associated with him were shunted aside too. Worthington was back in Canada when the invasion of Normandy took place. ® 20 Years Ago General Motors let contract to build additions to double the ca- pacity of the stamping plant. Little Theatre Movement is ra- pidly gaining ground in Oshawa, and plans are made to produce sev- eral plays with local talent. Work is being rushed to bring the | Genosha Hotel to completion. An articifial ice plant is being in- stalled in the rink of the Oshawa Curling Club. Building permits for the first half of October reached a total of $167,000. The newly-organized Oshawa Ki- wanis Club elected A. J. Parkhill as its first president, with Major R. B. Smith as Vice-president. COMMUNIST SHOT Havana, Cuba, Oct. 19 -- (AP) -- Communist Aracelio Iglesias, 46, central figure in a feud for control of 'Havana's port workers, died Monday of bullet wounds inflicted by an assassin. The Maritime labor leader was shot Sunday in front of R.R. 2, Oshawa. union headquarters. Looking Around The World By RELMAN MORIN Associated Press News Analyst (For Dewitt Mackenzie) At man who once "was the most devoted Communist in the United States" has written a book about Communism. It may poison your dreams, if it does not prevent you from sleeping entirely. Nevertheless, it is an im- portant book because of the man who wrote it, and because 'it will help you to decode the strange, unpredictable, and often contradic- tory tactics of the Communists, The book is called "The Whole of Their Lives." (Charles Scribner's Sons.) The author is Benjamin Git- low. Gitlow was the head of the Am- erican Communist Party in 1929. He made three trips to the Soviet Union on official business of the party. He know Josef Stalin per- sonally. He rose to this eminence because, for many years, he was a whole-souled believer in the move- ment and more important, because he had character and brains. For the same reason, he says, he no longer is a Communist. Gitlow disagreed with and defied Stalin on a matter of principle (he is one of the few men who lived to write the story of it) and he says that caused him to break with the entire movement. Therefore he would appear to be what a newsporter reporter calls "a reliable source" on the question of Communism. Let's see what he has to say about it. Question 1--Do you doubt that American Communists and tiseir fellow-travellers get direct orders from Moscow? On page 204, de- scribing the birth of the American Communist Party in 1919, Gitlow says, "Stalin took over the Ameri- can Communist Party lock, stock and barrel, in the middle of May, 1929, by a series of decrees promul- gated by him and read by Molotov," On page 54 Gitlow writes, "In 1919 the American Communist Party be- came a branch office of Moscow. Moscow made the decisions govern- ing the actions of the American Communists." Question 2--Do you wonder some- times, in the light of Soviet pro- nouncements, whether the Ameri- can system and the Russian system can get along together? Gitlow says: "From the days of Lenin to the supreme ruler, Stalin, survival of Soviet power and Communism is held impossible unless capitalism with its political and social struc- ture® is destroyed. It explains why the theory of world revolution has never been abandoned and why the' Soviet government at great expense and effort maintains and supports Communist parties in other coun- tries." Question 3--Does it puzzle you to see the agreements made at Yalta, Tehran and Potsdam so blandly disavowed by the Soviet Union to- day? Git!>ww has many statements on Communist integrity. Here are two of them: Communist policy is never simple, It is always complex and paradoxical. A momentary policy is always tied' up with a long- range basic policy. This accounts for the many twists in the party line."- And again he says: "Com- munist leaders may with impunity break one day the solemn pledge they made the day before." Question 4--Why are the labor unions so important to the Com- munists? Gitlow writes, paraphras- ing Stalin himself: "Without sup- port in the unions the Communist party cannot make a revolution. Getting control of the unions is, therefore, the number one task of the party. By getting control of unions, the Communists mean get- ting control of those unions in the decisive, the basic industries of the land, the industries upon which the economic life of the country de- pends." 2 Japs To Face War Crime Trials Tokyo, Oct. 19--(AP)--Gen. Mac- Arthur's headquarters today filed war-crimes charges against the ad- miral who headed Japan's navy at war's end and a general who was in charge of Allied prisoners-of- war. Admiral Soemu Toyoda and Lt.- Gen. Hiroshi Tamura will go on trial separately before Nov. 1. In each case, a seven-officer commis- sion will be named by MacArthur to hear the charges. Tamura is charged with respon- sibility for mistreatment and neglect of Allied internees in Japan when he was chief of the Prisoner Management Bureau from Decem- ber, 1944, to the surrender. Toyoda is accused of command responsibility for a wide pattern of atrocities committed against count- less Allied personnel and civilian populations while he was Com- mander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet from May, 1944, to May, 1945. TANKER EXPANDS A 500-foot tanker expands 12 to 14 inches in length when her cargo of oil. is loaded. Mac's Musings Call it not giving When the challenge comes To meet the debt one owes To fellow-men To community And to those Who labour without end To ease the load Of those less fortunate, Call it not giving When the cry of need Goes forth To fill the chest from which Sixteen noble groups Of men and women Serve their community, It is not giving To share the burdens Of others; To khare the goods with which We have been blessed So that the sick, the aged The children and the youth, May know that here In Oshawa There are those who cafe. Let us then share In fullest measure So that when the drive To fill the chest is over, It shall be filled to overflowing By those who feel The high privilege Of sharing, And of paying out in full, The debt we owe to others. ® Readers Views MIGRATION OF BIRDS To the Editor, Dear Sir: I watched the columns of your issue of Saturday, hoping to see some account of the passing of a large flock of wild geese over the city sometime ater midnight on Friday am. I was awakened by the loud, honking hoise of the old gan- der ahead, and the answering calls and jargon of his flock behind him. The flock seemed to be alarmed, judging from the noise it was mak- ing, many of the birds, likly mak- ing their first migration to the south and at the dead of night. But the old gander has assumed the re- sponsibility of bringing them out of the far reaches and nesting places of the north to the warmer climate of the Southern States and Cuba. Perhaps you hight find space for a few hints as to the habits and wanderings of these wonderful her- alds of the air, and which would be. of interest to our school boys d girls. gi Canada Goose has been forc- ed back nearly to the rim of the Arctic; at least, as far back as any vegetation, woodlands, underbrush or timber grows, because our fron- tiers have been pushed farther and farther back. As they are very much afraid of men, they keep safely out of his reach. When grounded, they always have plenty of sentinels or guards. I have seen them many times--pass over the Manitoba prairies and the long, rolling slopes of Northern Saskat- chewan, but always at an altitude safe from rifle shot. Unless a hun- ter hides himself under some of the foliage of the passes in that rough, rugged country north of Hudson Bay, it is definitely diffi- cult to shoot them. Early in October, the geese assem- ble in great numbers in long, con- verging lines on the shore of Hud- son Bay, preparatory to making their long flight to the south, which many in our city must have heard after midnight on Friday. This honking call of the Canada Goose, although coarse and rasping, is like music to me, and I would be delighted if I could imitate this call as accurately as Jack Miner did years ago to call them into his sanctuary. Perhaps some of the boys and girls would like to know more of this "bird of passage" as he is sometimes called. If so, I have a limited knowledge of it, also of the wild turkey, the beaver, coyote, wolf and bear and particularly of the beautiful wild horses to be found on the western ranges. E. FLEMING 33 Colborne Street East, Oshawa. En | MARKS 103RD BIRTHDAY Hammond, Ind. Oct. 19--(AP) -- Mike Kwiotwkiotski, who said he gave up drinking 30 years ago be- cause he was "getting too old," ob- served his 103rd birthday Monday. He still smokes a pipe and takes daily walks in the neighborhood, Job Of Choosing U.S. President Highly Involved By CLYDE BLACKBURN Canadian Press Staff Writer Washington -- (CP) -- Twelve states, if they voted solidly for one of the candidates, could elect the next President of the United States, regardless how the other 36 states voted. That is because the constitutional responsibility for choosing the president and vice-president rests on an "Electoral College." The over- all popular vote is not the decisive factor. The Electoral College was set up in 1787 by the writers of the Con- stitution. Some changes were made in its functions by the 12th amend- ment to the Constitution ratified in 1804. It was created because the founders of the country were doubt- ful about the ability of the people to make a wise choice in a free election. It is provided that each state shall choose a body of "electors," one for every senator and congress- man the state sends to Washington. The electors may not be congress- men or other persons holding public office for gain. There are 96 senators and 435 members of the House of Represen- tatives -- a total of 531. Thus, 531 electors must be created to choose a president. It is the tradition and custom that the party getting the majority of votes in each state gets the sup- port of the entire group of "elec~ tors" in the state. On Population Basis The number of House members a state sends to Washington js based on population. In addition, each state has two senators. New York, the most populous state, sends a total of 47 to Congress. And the whole 47 Electoral College votes goes to the candidate who gets the most votes in that state. Because of the Electoral College set-up, it is possible for a candidate to win the presidency with the sup- port of only 12 states: New York, Pennsylvania, California, New Jer- sey, Massachusetts, Illinois, Mis- souri, Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Texas, and Wisconsin. : Together they have a total of 269 members of the Electoral Col- lege. A simple majority of 266 is all it takes to win. If no candidate has a majority, the House of Representatives des cides the winner. That has not happened since 1825. There have been many efforts to abolish the college or alter its method of operation to make the choice of presidents more reflective of popular choice. The Constitution left it to the state legislatures to decide how the electors should be chosen. Originally they were to be appointed and left to exercise their own judgment, with orders %o report their choice to Congress on the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December of the election year. However, for 100 years or more, the states have chosen the electors in party contests. The group may still constitution- ally and legally, choose as president and vice-president any persons legally qualified to hold those of- fices. Nevertheless, they are confi- dent to rubber-stamp the choice of the people. It" will take a constitutiomal amendment to get rid of that part of the United States electoral machinery. + Electoral College State In this year's election, each party, in each state that it is legally on ballot, offers its slate of Electoral College candidates. In some states, those are the only names on the ballot. In others, the Electoral- College names do not appear, but the candidates' names are used and a vote for the candidate is a vote for the slate of electors of his | party. Some states use both the | candidates' and electors' names. When the results are known, the electors of the party which wins the majority of. votes in any state cast all the Electoral College votes for that state. There is strong agitation for a change by which the votes in the Electoral College would be allotted according to percentage of the total vote won by each party candidate. In 1876 Samuel Tilden won the largest popular vote but Rutherford B. Hayes was elected president be- cause he won the big states and got the majority in the Electoral College. In 1940 Wendell Wilkie was only some 240,000 votes short of the total won by Franklin D. Roosevelt in New York State but Roosevelt got all 47 electoral votes. After an election, the electors in each state go through the formality of confirming the vote of the people, sending it to Washington. Jan. 6, at the joint session of Congress, the sealed report is opened and the results announced. The president is inaugurated Jan. 20, Sometimes electors who can af- ford the trip come to Washington for a formal "election" in December and hold a banquet to celebrate completion of their quadrennial task. Then the Electoral College is out of a job for another four years. Business Spotlight By The Canadian Press Potatoes, steel and tourists are current economic news. ' . Objections by American growers to imports of Canadian potatoes have pointed up the difficult ground pursued by international commerce when sectional interests of one country or another are hurt. But a statement from Trade Min- ister Howe Monday drew attention to the equally realistic fact that trade can't remain a one-way street--if you sell you must also buy. And if the United States is to sell her fruit and fresh vege= tables in Canada in one ' season, then she needs to take a fair amount of Canadian products in another. Mr. Howe stated: "Canada exported fresh fruit and vegetables to the value of $54,000, 000 to the United States during the last five years, whereas her imports from that country were valued at $290,000,009 in the same period." Furthermore, "The bulk of Cana- dian potato exports to the United States consists of certified seed potatoes, which are in demand by American growers because of their high quality end freedom fro: disease." » However, it is human that the particular interests hurt don't like it and it is necessary for countries to find as smooth a solution as possible; else, as has happened in the past, a trade may die because of lack of skilful and commonsense negotiation. That is the reason why federal and provincial minis- ters have been meeting in Ottawa on the problem of the potato. There isn't enough steel any- where. If industrial activity can be depended upon to remain at a high level for a number of years, this may not be so bad in the long run. It may result in Canada' building a larger steel industry, enabling her to become a greater processor at the same time that she becomes a greater source of ore. Monday it was announced that Canada has agreed to limit her imports of United States iron and steel to 200,000 tons in the last quarter of the year, a drop of around 20 per cent. : This certainly won't be good news to steel-hungry industry, al- ready being delayed in many of its works, including oil-fields develop- ment in Western Canada. Stock markets did quite well Monday, though with some profit- taking. Grains also made moderate gains, SWISS AUTHOR DIES Hollywood, Oct. 19--(AP) -- Dr. EW¥:] von Vollmoeller, author of the play "The Miracle," died here Mon- day of a heart attack. He was about 70 years old. A frequent visitor to Hollywood over a 15-year period, von Vollmoeller came here from his home in Lugano, Switzerland, about a week ago. JACEDAW'S CACHE Newington, Kent., England-- (CP) --Three teaspoons, two collar-studs, a brooch and a silver thimble were found in a jackdaw's nest here ree cently. 4 PLAY SAFE... SAVE NOW BUY CANADA SAVINGS BONDS e 3RD SERIES These Bonds pay 2%{ per cent interest each year for 10 years and can be cashed at any bank, at any time, for their full face value, plus interest. Obtainable at any Branch THE DOMINION BANK Oshawa Branch C. Waite, Manager G. E. Snyder Assistant Manager Established 1871 South Oshawa Branch J. R. Morrison, Manager. Whithy Branch J. €. Taylor, Manager i A i! 4