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OPINIONS DA THE DAILY TIMES-GAZETTE OSHAWA WHITBY 2 THE OSHAWA TIMES (Established 1871) THE WHITBY GAZETTE AND CHRONICLE ' (Established 1863) MEMBER OF THE CANADIAN PRESS The Times-Gazette is a member o? the Canadian Daily News- papers Association, the Ontario Provincial Dallies Association, and the Audit Bureau of Circulations. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carrier in Oshawa, Whitby, Brooklin, Port Perry, Ajax or Pickering, 24c per week, $12.00 per year. By mail, outside carrier delivery areas, anywhere in Canada and England $7.00 per year, $3.50 for 6 months, $2.00 for 38 months. U.S. $9.00 per year. Authorized as Second Class Matter, Post Office Dept., Ottawa, Can. The Canadian Press is exclusively entitled tec the use for republication of all news despatches credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters in this paper and also the local news published therein. All rights of republication ¢. special despatches herein are also reserved. Net Paid Circulation Average Per Issue hy 8,018 JULY, 1948 MONDAY, AUGUST 16, 1948 Couchiching Conference (Montreal Star) The seventeenth annual conference of the Canadian Institute on Public Affairs opened at Geneva Park, Lake Couchiching on August 14. It will end on August 21. Held under the auspices of the National Council of the Y.M.CA,, it is an attempt--and a very successful one--to bring to- gether a group of representative men and women to discuss national and international affairs. The physical circum- stances are arranged to induce the greatest possible amount of light and the smallest amount of heat. It is in the fullest sense of the word a forum. It does not depend upon its speakers alone, It asks the audience to join in intensive discussion not only after each set presentation but in daily round-tables. ; This year the main "attractions"--if so crude a term can be applied to so serious a venture--are Mr. Lester B. Pearson, Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs, Mr. Thomas J. Hamilton, New York Times bureau chief at the United Nations, and Mr. E. M. Bernstein, of the International Monetary Fund. Mr. Max Beloff, an English expert on Russia and Dr. Karl Polanyi, a Columbia University visiting professor, will also attend. This annual meeting of Canadians is the best thing of its kind in Canada. It opens facts and ways of thinking to a substantial and representative group of men and women who, in their own communities, can pass a great deal along. In addition, the practice of publishing the best of the con- ference proceedings is excellent. The result is a compen- dious volume, useful in itself and, in series, throws light on the development of general and Canadian thinking. The theme of the conference is "Prospects for Peace" and a glance at the foregoing list of speakers will show how well able they are to lead the discussion upon it. Experts from both Canada and the United States join hands with men who know Europe inside out. The result should be a balanced view well adapted to serve the Institute's main purpose. A Healthier Britain The population of England and Wales has increased from 16,000,000 to 43,000,000 in the last hundred years. One of the main reasons for this increase has been the remark- able decline in infant mortality. A century ago, for every 1,000 babies born, 153 failed to survive the first year. Last year, the infant mortality rate reached the all-time low record of 41 per 1,000. Another reason for the increase in population has been the steadily improving rate of survival. Today, the expectation of life for men is 59 and for women 63 years. A hundred years ago, it was 40 and 42 respectively. These are some of the facts which emerge from a study of population trends in Britain. In 1836, a national system "of registration of births, marriages and deaths was intro- duced in Britain and shortly afterwards the first nation-wide census of population was taken. From that date until today, the General Register Office has kept records which give an accurate picture of the state of Britain's population through- out the years. Information published In the Registrar General's quarterly returns throws light on many aspects of the life and health of the people. It shows they can expect to live longer, marry later and enjoy better health than their ances- tors, Statistics also reveal considerable changes in the frequency of deaths due to certain diseases. An outstanding example of what can be achieved when sustained effort is made to eradicate a particular disease is reflected in the mortality figures for diphtheria. At the beginning of this century, some 65 out of every 100,000 children under 15 were dying of this scourge. Betweén the two world wars the rate was still as high as 29. But, as the direct result of the large-scale immunization campaign launched by the Ministry of Health during the recent war, the rate was down to four in 1946. Last year only two in every 100,000 died from diphtheria. As a result of legislation passed in 1938, much additional information is now obtained at the registration of births and deaths. Field surveys are also carried out regularly by train- ed wotkers to obtain systematic information on the incidence of sickness in Britain. Citizens and theig doctors willingly co-operate in provid- ing this information which forms an essential: basis for population surveys. It has added greatly to the value of statistics which have often served as a necessary starting point for many advances in social and medical science, They 'have provided a foundation on which to build the social services of today, and represent a valuable yard-stick by 'which to measure progress year by year. They show that Britain is a 'nation advancing steadily towards a well- -- balanced, healthy and virile community. ~~ --- By HAROLD DINGMAN Ottawa Correspondent OTTAWA--Departing U, 8. Am- bassador to Canada Rey Atherton was one of the most able diplomats ever sent here by any country. Atherton was, and is, a career diplomat. At the time he was ap- pointed to Ottawa, there was some eyebrow lifting because the Ot- tawa appointment is pretty gen. erally conceded to be one of the "plum" jobs in the whole U. 8. diplomatic and consular service. There were those who were surpris- ed that it didn't go 'to a political appointee. For one thing, the ambassador gets a salary of $25,000 a year, which is the top salary bracket for American foreign representatives. The ambassador to the Coutt of St. James gets no more. For another, Ottawa is no more than a skip and a jump from the U. 8. by air. A homesick ambas- sador could pick up his goods and chattels and go home for the week- end and be back at his desk the next Monday morning. He has his own Embassy airplane, the pick of a fleet of Embassy cars and other concessions which don't ap- pear to be too repulsive from this distance. The word has spread through the foreign service, we are told, that Ottawa is the place to go, at prac- tically any price, and that all the wise boys in the service didn't spare any effort to get the appointment. Atherton has been, on the whole, a popular envoy. There was the business of the Edmond Turcotte appointment to the consulate in Chicago when Atherton was re- ported to have gone and "pounded" on the table of External Affairs Secretary Louis St. Laurent and demanded that Turcotte be remov- ed from the job before he started. He was alledged to have made a tremendous song-and-dance about the whole affair and it was said he was "out to get" Turcotte and wouldn't have a French-Canadian in a consular job on his home¢ grounds. But no one ever found out the exact truth of that matter and Atherton has remained as the un- doubted 'leader of Ottawa's diplom- atic row. He was usually serious, interested in Canadian affairs and genuinely sincere in his efforts here. Which is more than can be said for some of his predecessors. The departure of Argentine Am- bassador Dr. Juan Carlos Rodrigu- ez, forms an interesting contrast to the departure of his American colleague. Rodriguez stirred up more controversy and made more sensational headlines in his stay in Ottawa than most people in public life do in a lifetime, Since his arrival here in No- vember, 1946, he has become pro- bably the best, if not most fav- orably, known diplomat in the Capital. First came the business of the demand. for the arrest of Ottawa Humane Society inspectors who were checking complaints of neigh- bors that two of his dogs had died of maltreatment. . The matter ended with an apology from the external affairs depart- ment after the ambassador had lodged a complaint against "un- warranted invasion" of his diplom- atic property. In June, he was challenged to a duel by the Dominican consul- general, Julio Ricart, who claimed he had been insulted by the am- bassador's wife. They never fought the duel, to the disappointment of nearly everyone in town. Some months before there was the case of an Ottawa civil service girl being knocked down by a car which didn't stop. Someone saw and reported the license number, and it. turned out to be--you've guessed it--Rodriguez' car. He wasn't in it but the affair received a lot of publicity. DRIVER JAILED, FINED Stratford, Aug. 16--(CP)--Clar- ence Dingman of Stratford, was sentenced to 15 days and fined $100 Saturday on charges of drunk- en and dangerous driving. Police said his automobile drove over a sidewalk and injured three children. The injured are: Dolores Maslon, 11, a sprained ankle; Betty LaLonde, 2% months, neck abrasions; Doreen LaLonde, 16 months, head injuries. Dingman's licence was suspended for a year. INDIAN NAME The name Massachusetts was de- rived from that of an Indian tribe. LY TIMES-CAZETTE EDITORIAL PACE FEATURES "The Time Has Come, the Walrus Said ...!" Vicky, in The London Dally News-Chronicle (Independent) e Other Editors WOULDN'T BE DONE (Kingston Whig-Standard) If everyone could do precisely as he pleased, an alarming amount of things would never get done. TRAINED INSECTS (Kingston Whig-Standard) A scientist says insects can be trained to do tricks. We'd like to my hands on the person who taught mosquitoes the trick of getting through a window screen. UNIFICATION FORCE (Port Arthur News Chronicle) In his farewell address at Ottawa Prime Minister King said the trend toward totalitarianism was the most serious of present day prob- lems. Most people will see in it an influence toward amalgamation of those political parties which are definitely opposed. The common danger has been one of history's greatest forces for unification, COMPROMISE (Winnipeg Tribune) Government liquor authorities in Ontario have been lying awake nights trying to decide whether to reduce the size of a glass of beer or up the price. They wanted to be sure to do the right thing. At last they have made up their minds. They have decided to do both. Oh, well, they are acting in keeping with the times. HORN DRIVERS (Winnipeg Tribune) Unfortunately some drivers seem to have decided to by-pass the regular steering wheel and use the horn ring to steer their cars. They almost literally drive by horn. Their long progress down the street is marked by a series of long and short blasts. When they are held up by traffic they seem to lean on the horn. They charge into ped- estrians at intersections with son- orous arrogance. Interpreting The News (This daily column is presented as 'an indication of American reaction to major news events.) By DeWITT MacKENZIE Associated Press News Anaylst If the United States isn't finally awake to the machinations of Com- munism it isn't the fault of a fate which staged the amazing escape of the Russian school mistress from Soviet diplomats in the heart of York city. But maybe it was necessary to learn the truths of life by seeing her hurl herself to grave injury from the third-storey window of the So- viet Consulate where she says she was imprisoned. Perhaps it was necessary alo to witness the drama of Michael I. Samarine, another Russian teacher, who fled to asylum with his family, rather than be returned to the So- viet Union, If anything was needed to cross the T's and dot the I's, it was the brusque demand by Foreign Minis- ter Molotov of Russia that both these teachers be surrendered im- mediately to Soviet authorities. This was after the consulate had taken Mrs, Kosenkina away from the White Russians by whom she had been given refuge near New York. She now is in hospital, closely guarded by city police. 'The most shocking aspect of these cases is that Soviet officials should dare to exhibit such brazen effront- ery in a foreign country, Britain broke off diplomatic rela- tions with Moscow for less than this back in the early days of the Soviet Union. And America withheld recog- nition of the Moscow government until 1933 for smaller sins, However, the Russians have been taking advantage of their - allies' tolerance since the war. They even © BUILDERS' IRON @® LINTELS STRUCTURAL © GENERAL CONSTRUCTION @ PLAIN STEEL SECTIONS STEEL ( (CENTRAL BRIDG have gone to the extent of carrying out wholesale spying in Canada, Britain, and the United States, as was brought out by Canada's expo- sure of the great red spy-ring. The drama of the Russian school teachers is likely to hammer home the stark truth about Communism as nothing else could do. It shows to just what desperate lengths Communism is prepared to go, even risking a rupture of diplomatic re- lations with a friendly country. HAS FAMOUS LIBRARY The Library of the Vatican Rome, oldest in Italy, has one the most extensive collectiong rare manuscripts in the world. Lovkisg Ahead In Ottawa Ottawa, Aug. 16 -- (CP) --Two big reports which will do much to shape economic trends in Canadian agriculture will be issued from the capital this week, both from th Bureau of Statistics, : They will deal with wheat. One, to be released Tuesday. will esti- mate the size of the 1948 Prairie wheat crop. The other, scheduled for publication Thursday, will an- nounce the size of the carry-over of | | wheat at the opening of the new crop year last Aug. 1. The crop estimate will be the most important since it, indirectly, will indicate how much money prairie farmers will have during the next year for purchase of goods and | needed equipment, renovation of their farms and general upkeep. Until the report comes, it would be difficult to hazard a guess. How- ever, the new crop is expected to be smaller than that of last year, when 340,000,000 bushels were har- vested. The crop in 1946 was a bumper one--413,000,000 bushels. The wheat carry-over, which in- dicates the amount of wheat left in the country after exports and do- mestic usage, can be estimated at about 95,000,000 bushels on the basis of figures which have been released thus far, This would compare with a carry-over of 84,000,000 bushels last year. Canada's exports during the 1947- 48 crop year totalled around 180,- 000,000 bushels. Another 150,000,000 bushels was used at home for bread-making and other domestic consumption. Federal authorities expect the | provinces to begin submitting health projects" next month. The $30,000,000 in federal grants avail- able to the provinces will be paid out only against specific projects and in two cases--cancer control and hospital construction--must be matchde by corresponding advances of provincial funds. Although $30,000,000 is available for the grants, it may be some time before the provinces begin drawing the full amounts allocated to them. © A Bit of Verse RECENTLY A D.P. I saw a farmer kneeling in a field, * His surplice was plain overalls, "The altar was a shock of grain, His choir the nearby waterfalls, The sturdy face was lifted up, Knees reverent pressed the sod, And here In deep thanksgiving | The immigrant met his God. His broken English made this prayer: "I thank Thee I have lived to see 'This bounty from Try generous hand Which doth here so encompass me. "This kindly earth, this 'country fair, Gifts to which I have been led, { Shall surely ever honor Thee | And Thy children shall be fed, "Manna is here in the golden sheaves, Covering the. length of endless space; Keep me humble and let me share This grateful heart--in honest toil, A worthy citizen of this good land." And then he bent to kiss the soil. e A Bible Thought Jesus said: "My yoke is easy, and My burden is light." (Matt. 11:30.) A burden that's light is like a dear- ly loved child, a burden of love. The fruitful smile of Thy loving face. | --Albert Lewis. | "Let me employ these willing hands-- | | | EMERGENCY 3 MONEY | LOANS Borrow $50, $100, $300, $500, $1000 at HOUSEHOLD FINANCE without en- dorsers or bankable security. Up to 24 months to repay in convenient equal monthly instalments. Protect Your Credit It's wise to protect your credit. Pay overdue bills, seasonal bills, medical or emergency expenses with your HOUSEHOLD FINANCE loan. If you need extra cash, phone, write or come in and see us for prompt, courteous attention to your money problems. We'll be glad to help you! Tune in" The Whistler" --Canada's top mystery show--CBC, Wednesday nights 15 Simcoe Street South Over Kresge's Phone Oshawa 3601 OSHAWA, ONT. Hours 9 to 5 or by appointment Loans made fo residents of nearby towns SERVING THE PUBLIC SINCE 1878 iim tain', TO ALL CANADIANS Handling U.S. Currency In The Course of Business 'Many goods and services securable only in 'the United States are essential to the maintenance of Canadian industry and the high level of employment, : All the U.S. dollars spent in Canada by U.S. tourists and business visitors 'are needed for these essential purchases. To ensure that these tourist dollars are made available for this purposes, the Foreign Exchange Control regulations require that merchants, hotel keepers, service stations and all others must turn in whatever U.S. currency they receive to their banks. EN F.E.C.B. Regulations You Should Know: You may accept U.S. currency from anyone who tenders it, either in payment for' purchases or for exchange into Canadian currency ot par. . C You may make change in U.S. currency for a non-resident tourist who has tendered U.S. currency in payment of purchases. You must NOT pay out U.S. currency to anyone in exchange for Canadian currency.) You must not pay out U.S. currency in change to a Canadian resident, even though the latter has tendered U.S. currency in payment of a purchase. i -. DISPLAY THIS CARD HOU TRDAY EA The Junior Chamber of Commerce of Canada is distributing this card to all places of business, If you have not received yours, contact your local Junior Chamber of Commerce immediately. it will REMIND YOUR SALES STAFF OF THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES PROTECT YOU FROM IMPROPER CUSTOMER REQUESTS Breach of the Regulations renders the offender liable to fine and imprisonment * ISSUED BY ..l1E FOREIGN. EXCHANGE CONTROL BOARD _UNDER AV AUTHORITY OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA