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2 cE FOUR Oshawa Daily Times g. Succeeding THE OSHAWA DAILY REFORMER (Established 1871) : jidependent newspaper published every afters noon except Sundays and legal holidays at Osh- 2 by The Times Publishing Company, wa, Limited, Chas. M. Mundy, President. A. R. Alloway, Managing Director. Oshawa Daily Times is Au member of "The Cana- the Daily Newspapes. Asso- tion, the Ontario Provincial Dai Audit Bureau of Circulations. SUBSCRIP ION RATES glivered by carrier in Oshawa and suburbs, 12c. a J y mail in Canada (outside Oshawa car- jer delivery limits) $3.00 a year. United States ' $4.00 a year, TORONTO OFFICE Bond Building, 66 Temperance Street. Telephone aide 0107. H. D. Tr repr es and the MONDAY, JULY 6th, 1931 SUPERVISED PLAYGROUNDS . The project which is under way to estab- supervised playgrounds in the city of hawa is one which is worth noting and Admittedly, it is something of " experiment for this, city, but play- of this type have met with such ed success in other communities that 'the experimental stage is, in the broad sense, and it only remains to be seen if the nciples which have proven successful else- here, can be applied with the same mea- p of success here. The main thought behind the establish- mt of supervised playgrounds in this city that of providing organized recreational [facilities for the children of the thickly pop- od residential areas of Oshawa. Behind it, there is the further thought that the ju- wenile court records of Oshawa are showing $00 great a proportion of juvenile delin- quency in the city, and since it has been found that much of this is simply misdirect- energy, or a case of "Satan finds some jef still, for idle hands to do," the idea has been formulated of providing a means tof Sswerting that energy into more healthy tching. Ehanmels. this project is being undertaken by a a Somaiiior formed by the Family Welfare Board of the city, the gift of $1000 made "by General Motors of Canada, Limited, to make it possible, should not be overlooked. This practically ensures the finances re- to make a beginning, and since the * walue of supervised playgrounds in building . better boys and girls, both physically and mentally, this can be considered as a good investment. That the children will appre- | ciate the innovation goes without saying. It only remains for the experiment to be ed carefully, in the hope that in its ] initial season it will justify the establish- ment of supervised playgrounds here as a permanent institution. SAVING THE CHILDREN 'During the recent spell of unusually hot 'weather, the Red Cross Cottage at the lake 'has been a veritable Godsend to the chil- dren who have been staying there. Had there been no Red Cross Cottage, these chil- dren, under-nourished and recovering from severe illnesses, would have been living in 'erowded homes in the heart of the city, suf- k fering all the agonies of excessive heat, with 'the handicap of continued under-nourish- i ment. Thanks to the Red Cross Society, ey have been saved from that, and have sen able to live under the wholesome and eshing conditions which prevail at the ge by the lake. 'This is one of the finest pieces of service ork that can be accomplished by any of- mization, and the Red Cross Society is to congratulated on undertaking it. But the 'work requires finances, and the Society is lependent on the contributions of generous d public-spirited citizens to continue it. dy, some citizens have come to the as- ce of the Society with their donations, many more are required to carry on the tk throughout the present season. The sd for support is an urgent one, and The es will be glad to receive any donations Red Cross Cottage work of the Bed Society. PEARCE WINS id Sculls have come to Canada, the bril. s of Bobby Pearce on Saturday g him in line following Joe Wright, Jr., 'Jack Guest, as winners of this noted distinetion. Pearce, of 'course, is native son of Canada. He is an Aus- For the third time in four years, the Dia- Ee Api birth, but when bef came here for TIME HE RESIGNED Premier Bennett has indicated that be- fore next year a new finance minister of Canada will be in office, that he intends to resign from that position, which he holds jointly with that of prime minister of the Dominion. There will be general satisfac- tion with this decision on his part. It was time he resigned as minister of finance. We do not mean that unkindly. We do not in- fer that he has not been a success in that capacity. But it is far too much for any man, in these days of stress, to undertake the duties of prime minister and of finance minister at the same time. The economic and employment situation alone is sufficient to demand his whole attention as prime minister, and, by the same token, the prob- lems of financing, with diminishing rev- enues and complex tariff adjustments, are sufficient to occupy the fall time of the most capable man who can be found. For the country' s sake, then, it is time it had a finance minister who is not tied to any other duties. Surely a man can be found in the ranks of the great Conserva- tive party who is capable of undertaking this office. It is not very complimentary to the party, in fact, that Mr. Bennett has not, so far, seen fit to appoint a minister of finance. Now that he has stated his intention of giv- ing up that office, it is to be hoped that the appointment will be made soon, so that he can devote his talents and energies to the task of finding some solution for the great problem of unemployment. EDITORIAL NOTES One can be sure that Scots will not be guilty of using a three-cent stamp, where a two will do. Premier Bennett announced last week that postage stamps could be used on cheques, but apparently the news of this has not yet reached the banks. The erection of the new public utilities building should now provide work for a con- siderable number of men. The unemployed at least deserve credit for choosing one of the hottest days of the summer on which to hold a parade--and then sticking to it. It begins to look as if the heat wave is going to be one of the permanent variety. It would be a great relief if some of the thunderstorms predicted by the weather man would make Oshawa a stopping-off place. In spite of the large amount of unemploy- ment, Premier Bennett continues to hold two jobs and Premier Henry three. It is not very easy in these days to get people interested in their next winter's coal supply. There have been so many changes in the sales tax since the budget was introduced that we doubt if anyone knows just how it stands now. | BITS OF HUMOR RUDE Guest (trying to be complimentary)--It's a long time since I've eaten such a good meal. Hostess--That's what I thought. SMILE! Some folks smile in the night time, Lome folks smile in the dawn, But the man worthwhile is the man who can smile When his two front teeth are gone. MY, SUCH PENS! A bridegroom of 7s, marrying his third wife, was called upon to sign the register. Then pen was a bad one, and, after making sev- eral attemp #5 to sign, he said to the marriage clerk: "This is the third or fourth time you've played me thjs trick. Next time I'll bring my own foun- tain pen!" ' COULDN'T FOOL WIFIE Husband (on beach, to wife who has been to pur- chase, magazine) : My dear! Some of Shae gus cos- tumes! Really, I've had to cover my ey Wife: (dryly): "Yes, no ph Bi on fieldd glasses. " BITS OF VERSE FROM THE COTTER'S SATURDAY NIGHT Then, kneeling down to Heaven's eternal King, The saint, the father and the husband prays; Ho s, Springs exulting on triumphant wing" A us they all shall meet in future days. From scenes like those old Scotia's grandeur spri That makes her loved at home, revered abroad; Princes and lords are but the breath of kings; "An honest man's the noblest work of God." O Scotial my dear, my native soil! From whom my warmest wish to Heaven is sent! Long may the happy sons of rustic toil Be Sey with health and peace and sweet con- tent. --Robert Burns. CANADA / Around her hearth ten children fair I see; And' the first do three-score winters wear, And even the youngest to maturity Has come--some not the least resemblance bear. Unto the ofhiers--so diverse they are | In feature; face, form, size how different! © In what i put their hands to, sundered far In To liking ; but all busy and content. Toy | they seem today, set side by sid table rosary; each name oven retells the mother's heart with prid they never know the blush of shame; © uture's roll-call they await, irtues that make people great. | - =Alexander Louis F; Eye Care and Eye Strain by C. H, Tuck, Opt, D, (Copyright, 1928) EYESIGHT, EDUCATION AND EFFICIENCY Part 8 Today we reverse the order and work a more constant strain at close range with only occasional use of the eyes for distance vision, it would appear therefore that many mental and nervous disorders are the outcome of the demands of modern industrial conditions, Is it possible for the eyes to be for long neglected? Only a very small per- centage of eyes function success- fully for any great length of time under this new order of things and those eyes are not normal but are the product of the times. This is not a new thought by any means but a new way of expressing a long known fact. Hoon or near sight- ed eyes are readily adapted to close work but the error is progressive. In considering the cost to the people as a whole dug to the effects of poor vision someone has said "The blind who see must pay for the blind who do not see," poor vi- sion is a drawback in production due to inefficiency of the worker. It also retards and handicaps child- ren in seeking an education. We are each our brother's keeper. What is an eyesight survey? Simply a com- plete examination sufficiently com- plete to determine the visual error and the liability or limitation of the person, due to the existing condi- tion. These factors should appeal as being equally important to both employee and employer. (To Be Continued) Touch Beginnings . of Christian Life -- New Haven, Conn, July 4--Re- sults of excavations at Jerash, in Transjordania, were announced by Yale University, which also an- nounced that the new season of ex- cavations had just begun under the directorship of Professor Clarence S. Fisher. Much light has been shed on the establishment of the carly Christian Church, the report stated. Monuments remaining above ground and preliminary excavations completed have already revealed the grandeur of the ruins of the Classical period, when Jerash was one of the centers on the Pales- tinian frade routes, the announce- ment said, Sites Fully Excavated The last season saw .the com- pletion of = excavations at all the Christian sites at Jerash, This year the Temple of . Artemis, with its Propylea and surrounding courts and buildings will be investigated. Already in Classical times Jerash was a religious as well as commer- cial center and, according to the university statement, a knowledge of its earlier religious history will go far to explain the background into which the early Christian Church wag introduced. "Previous excavations uncovered some of the edifices of the early Christian period and revealed much of the history of Jerash in the first centuries of our era" the report says. "The last campaign brought into prominence the amazing wealth and strength of the early, Church at Jerash. One great build- ing" period commenced after Con- stantine's establishment of Chris- tianity as the religion of the empire, a second flourished in the strong and prosperous period of Justinian, A whole series of churches was erected around the miraculous fountain whose waters . turned to wine every year on the day of Epiphany--perhaps on the very site once sacred to the infant Dionysus, "In 464-5 A.D. the great church of the Prophets, Apostles and Martyrs was dedicated. In the sixth century a verit-frenzy of church- building came over Jerash. In 526 a church was built in the south- cast corner of the town, four more were completed before 533 A.D. one above the site. of the synagague which was destroyed. Soon after- wards the' fine edifice of Saints Peter and Paul was completed in the southwest quarter of the city, and: about the middle of the cen- tury the largest basilica in Jerash was erected in the forecourt east of the Propylea which led to the Temple of Artemis. The latest church, built in 611 A.D, was located near the west gate, These do not exhaust the list of Christian shrines in Jerash, but they. give ample evidence of the wealth and importance of this trade route center before the Arab conquest when Syria was still the stronghold of Byzantine-Roman wealth and culture, relatively wun- touched by the inroads of barbar- ism in the west. "Probably equally, prosperous was Jerash in the classical period, for it stood on the chief route from Egypt to Mesopotamia, a route de- fended by the Roman garrisons | against the aggressions of the Par- thians. Part of the main street with its central fountain and its porticoes has been revealed. The present campaign will disclose part of the immense sanctuary of Ar- temis which dominated the city. "Much more digging will be need- ed to complete the excavations of this edifice and to lay bare the other classical monuments of this great site, When the work is completed, Jerash will be one of the most impressive classical sites, Many Mosaics and minor finds besides the tectural re- | mains have been the rewards 'of jE labors, In the future one looks orward confidently to' imples of ssical craf er" district in Palestine in the period when the first Christians struggled to advance the new faith." AMATEUR FLIERS - SKILL IS DOUBTED Famous French n, Claims Profes- Alma Pilots Needed Paris, July. -- Strong criticism of amateur airmen who, by their ignorance of the proper handling of planes court disaster, and ap- peals for more scientific flying have been expressed. almost at the same time but from different viewpoints by two distinguished French avia- tors, Louis Bleriot and Captain Thoret. Bleriot, who says he expects to live to see commercial planes trav- eling at 600 miles an hour, goes so far as to predict that the day of the amateur owner-pilot is on the wane in almost every country. And Thoret, one of the foremost of French glider pilots, says: "There are many persons piloting machine-driven airplanes today who really do not know how to fly, whose ideas of flight are as scanty as those of a rabbit compared with a bird. They are merely driving a motor through the air. Bleriot, a pioneer of aviation and now a builder of highly efficient commercial machines, astonished his admirers by declaring that the small airplane for private touring purposes would never be universally practicable, at least in its present form. He said the risk was too great, due to the human factor, "The whole basic idea of aircraft is misunderstood by the average perion; who is liable to consider the ittle two-seater airplane in the same light as a car," he said. "Flying is a job for the profes- sional navigator, nor for the person who wants to go out for a week-end jaunt. You would never place any- one but an experienced mariner in command of a ship, would you? "If people who would like to fly could see the waves, the swirls and the eddies of the air as well as they can see those of the sea, very few amateurs would risk flying just for pleasure." SALVAGING WORK ON ATLANTIC BED Perils of Working at Great Depths Vividly Described It is a wonderful story of peril and adventure in the depths of the sca which David Scott has to tell-- and he tells it well--in his Seventy Fathoms Deep with the Divers of the Salvage Ship Artiglio, just pub- lished. He arouses admiration and even the affection of his readers for the splendid Italian divers whose exploits he recounts, whose high spirits and indomitable cour- age were to be stilled by untimely death, With the ordinary diver's dress, work at 120 feet is so difficult and dangerous that the game is not worth the candle. The Italian divers for their opera- tions at depths from 300 to 420 feet discarded the ordinary dress and used a metal, pressure-proof equip- ment, in which they could work with the air at atmospheric pres- sure. In Creeping Robot Inside an apparatus which looked ike a Frankenstein monster, the diver is in tolerable comfort: He hears no sound but the voice of his mates, th hiss of steam, and the rattle of the winches, floating down to him over the telephone. As he swings gently in the current, and slowly creeps over the wreck, he keeps a sharp look out for any projecting ironwork or hanging rig- ging which might cut his telephone line or his cable, or both, or get his shell entangled in its grasp. If he should get caught-- He has still a chance -- a poor chance--of escape. In a clip over his head is a key with which he can cast loose his entangled cable and telephone line and plug the gland through which they enter his shell. Then, if he is lucky, he can work himself clear, blow his ballast tank, and float to the surface. But, as I say, the chance is small. One of the greatest difficulties in salvage operations at extreme depths is to find the wreck on which operations are to be carried on. Weeks passed before the Ital- ians were able to locate the hull of the Egypt, which sank off Brest with a million of treasure on board. This was what happened when at last it was identified. The diver was Bargellini : At last the 60-fathom (360 feet) mark appears on the cable. Bar- gelini stops the winch, Gianni takes over the telephone. Here is one of the paradoxes of this extra- ordinary business, two men, one in open sunshine, the other at the bot- tom of the Atlantic Ocean, talking as easily and as calmly to one an- other as though they stood face to face. Yet the difficulty and danger of the diver's task is made plain 8 he words that pass between hea " Bargellini! You've got 60 fa- bi of cable. Can you see amy- thing at all" , you see the bottom?" "What's the water wails? it is clear?" ot ve dear. een up- wards Ae J Aaa i "I think io re alongside the | wreck." "I can see something ahead. It's 'black and has a flat top." And there the Egypt was. No wonder the ship's crew Sang that night the Feist, "with rous- Pipa hich I 2d beer 5 It is Shel to brave men Bleit, like--up- their skill ad daring ling the. E they undertook to clear a danger- ous. wreck, that of the munition ship Florence, off Belle lle. It seemed a simple enough business to lay' charges, explode them from a safe distance, and blow the wreck up. For two months the divers had worked steadily and well. In that time they had fired over two tons of high explosive in their wreck, and the munitions had made no sign They relaxed their precautions and exploded a big charge with the Artiglio only 300 yards from the wreck. And then death, which had been playing with them all the time, struck. The whole cargo of munitions exploded with terrible violence, sinking the Artiglio and killing twelve of her gallant crew. RECONSTRUCTION TO START AT ONCE Saint John Harbor Com- missioners Empowered to Rebuild Port Saint John, N.B., July 4.-- '""We have been given authority by the Government to commence work immediately in rebuilding Sand Point," was the word com- municated by H. C. Schoffield, chairman of the Saint John Board of Harbor Commissioners, who arrived at midday in company with Hugh Beaver, expert in ocean terminals and of the staff of Sir Alexander Gibb, English authority on ocean transportation facilities, engaged by the Domin- ior Government to make a survey of its nationalized ports. Mr. Beaver, who was accom- panied by his technical secretary, T. A. L. Paton, said it was on- viously impossible for him to guy what the extent of this season's work would be in rebuilding the West Saint John terminals. Sev- eral conferences had been held with the Saint John Harbor Com- missioners and engineer in Of- tawa in the Department of Marine offices. Survey Commenced Mr. Schofield said it was the decision to begin fireproof type construction at berths Nos. 15 and 16, where the damaged con- crete piers were located. "In- deed," he said, "if the survey which will begin this afternoon reveals the timber cribwork to ha physically unimpaired by the fire. it is within the bounds of possibility to have a splendid working equipment ready for next winter." Mr. Schofield said the Gov :rn- ment had met the Saint John sit- uation sympathetically and with heartiest practical support. Mr. Beaver will remain in the city sufficiently long to aid the Harbour Commissioners and en- gireering staff in thoroughly committing to paper the require- ments of the case at Sand Point. "If you spend so much time at golf you won't have anything laid aside for a rainy day." "Won't 17+ My desk is loaded up with work that I've put aside for a rainy day." ' TWO LANGUAGES IN AFRICA IS POLICY Natal Technical College Teaches Afrikaans and English Durban, South Africa -- Again the dual language question in South Africa has come to the front, it is cropping up anew fer- quently of late, the newest phase of it coming up in connection with the Natal Technical College following the reported statement of Hon. Dr, D. F. Malan, Minis- ter of the Interior, Public Health and Education, to the effect that when Afrikaans-speaking railway laborers tried to secure instruc- tion at the college they were treatc | unsympathetically. This has been denied officially by the principal of the Natal Tech- nical College, who declares that the reverse of Dr, Malan's state- ment is true, the college authori- tien having gone out of their way to help and encourage the men us much as possible, and the min- ister's allegation has caused am- azement in college circles. He states: The Council of the Natal Tech- nical College has granted free tul- tion to many of the men in ques- tion as well as giving free books and instruments, and even, when necessary, paying their examina- tion fees. In every case when the need has been shown these facil- ities have been granted. On ad- mission to the college every lab- orer and apprentice is required to state his mother tongue, and, if Afrikaans, he is asked if he wishes instruction in that lan- guage. In no case has a student acked for this, Moreover, In clascas where Afrikaans-speaking students are present, they are, from time to time, asked if they understand what is said, and they are always satisfied. The college staff also are very sympathetic ard help these students when in need out of their own pockets. "As to the Afrikaans language, the Union Department of Educa- tion is well aware of the posi- tion. At the request of the coun- cil in 1929 an Afrikaans expert was sent down from Pretoria to study the peculiar differences in Durhan and to advise upon them. He complimented the college on what had been done and gave certain advice upon which the council acted, The council has, moreover, provided extraordinary facilities for learning Afrikaans." C.N.R. Operating Costs Make Sharp Decline Reduction in operating expenses of more than one and a half mil- lion dollars during the month of May, 1931, as compared with the corresponding month of 1930, and a reduction of more than nine and three-quarter millions in the five months from January 1 to the end of May, 1931, as compared with the operating expenses of the similar period of 1930, is shown by the monthly operating statement issued + Saturday at headquarters & the Canadian Na tional Railways. The figures, covering the month of May ans the aggregate for the five months' period, show the effect of the economies which have been placed in effect throughout the National System to meet the present condi~ tiong of reduced revenues. During May, 1931, gross reve enues on the Canadian National System reached a total of $15,~ 604,627, a decrease of $3,408,979 as compared with the figures for May, 1930. "Operating expenses in May, 1931, were $15,163,937, a decrease of $1,540,536 as com> pared with the same month of 1980, and net revenue for May, 1931 was $440,689, a decrease of $1,868,442 as compared with the same month of last year. For the five months from Jan- uary 1 to May 31 gross revenues of the National System were $73,- 039,396, a decrease of $17,465, 967 from the gross of the first five months of last year. Operat- ing expenses during the 1931 per- iod were reduced, however, by $9,750,965 to a total of $71,605, 355 for the five months, leaving net revenue of $1,434,040, which is a reduction of $7,715,001 from the net revenue of the similar per- fod of 1930, DENTAL GLINIC FOR ESKIMOS PLANNED Schooner To Sail With Ex- pedition for the Far North Wiscasset, Me., July 6.--Com- mander Donald B.Mac Millan, vet eran Arctic explorer, announced recently that the auxiliary schoon- er Bowdoin would leave the port on its 14th expedition into the Far North. Stored aboard the schooner when she sails will be equipment for the establishment of a dental clinic at Nain, Labrador, for the Eskim® children in ihat section. Dr. Adelbert Fernald, curator of Harvard Dental School, will ac- company the expedition to super- vise the setting up of the clinic. MacMillan will not g4il on the Bowdoin, having arranged to fly from Rockland in a monoplane which he will use in aerial survey work over Northern Labrador and Greenland. The explorer said he hoped to take off from Rockland on July 5 or 6. The plane will be piloted by Charles E, Roche- ville, former army flier. Other members of the Bow- doin's scientific party will include John Post of Chicago, who plans to make a collection of marine an- imal life for the Buffalo, N.Y.. Academy of Science, and J. A. Newcomb of New York, aviation technician, who will assist Mac- Millan in his aerial survey. John Crowell, who served as MacMillan's first mate on previ- ous voyages to the Arctic, will be in command of the Bowdoin when she sails. "I envy that man who sang the tenor solo." "Why, I thought he had a very poor voice." "So did I. i But. just think of his nerve. ST Always first to consider the pleasure of smokers = FIRST TO PROTECT ITS QUALITY BY SEALING IN MOISTURE PROOF CELLOPHANE. PEG ToP has held its leadership for 50 years -- a tribute to real merit.