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Smugglers Curse . Irish Terrorists Irish terrorists are being * cursed heartily these days -- for an- unusual reason. They've wrecked the best racket in all Ireland -- cattle rustling -- just . when folk on both sides of the * border were getting rich through. two-way smuggling. But now there are too many guards, - } For over thirty years the clash between smugglers and preventive men has been fought out non-stop along the 180 mile line that divides Eire and . Northern Ireland. During the war and just afterwards Dub- lin, jammed with luxury goods, was regularly invaded by week- end visitors from Belfast and Britain, seeking cigarettes, chocolates, nylons, clothes, cam- eras, watches and jewellery. Nowadays the amateur smug- gler confines himself to this small stuff, but the profession- al goes in for large-scale cat- tle rustling and the import of fertilizers into' Eire. Itiis highly prosperous, thanks to the in- genious {two-way system that could only happen in Ireland! The Eire farmer hands his cattle' over to a professional smuggler. Along the whole fron- tier line that crosses mountain and. bog 'and much desolate country, there are only ecigh- teen routes by "which people are permitted to pass from one territory to another, via cstoms control points. -But there are scores' of tiny roads crossing and recrossing the border. The penaltiés for being caught on these roads are extremely heavy, but the smugglers gen- erally know how to evade the customs, . Some fifty cattle, say, are taken across and sold at auec- tion in the north. Each animal collects a government bonus of ° up to $30, depending on its . quality and the price it reaches. Once sold, fhe animals are EYE CUTE -- Gagging it up with a pair of trick spectacles, Ralph Santos, TV cameraman, takes a turn in front of the lens. The specs are weird enough at first sight (top) but when Ralph turns on his "zoomar" lens (bottom), he really makes folks ump. I already cure small children." promptly turned round and smuggled south again, to be re- sold in Dublin! By this system an animal can realize $300 for an expenditure of . about $90, With a herd of fifty the profit is hefty. : Another two-way yacket con- sissts of filling a large lorry with any goods moré-expensive in the north at that time, run- ning it over the border and sell- ing the contents, Tife lorry makes its return trip loaded with fertilizer, which is enor- mously more expensive in the south. A lorry full of cigarettes can go north and be back with fertilizer in two or three hours, maybe making several trips on a dark night. Smugglers are glad when the hordes of tourists start flocking in and out, tying up the customs in routine checks on major traffic routes. These checks are always a battle of wits. It was rather a pity one in- genious fellow was caught. He used to" smuggle a quart of whisky at a time in the inner tube Of his bicycle -- but had a' puncture outside a customs - station! Only the very stupid woman now smuggles butter into the north concealed in her clothes. At Dundalk railway station she is liable to be taken out of the train and into a small room where generally there is a blaz- ing fire, whatever the weather. _ Stood casually in front of this, ° she can be kept in conversation until the butter threatens to be- tray its presence, when she will invariably give in! The customs men can be very tough. They've even taken gen- . uine engagement rings from girls, as well gs watches anl bracelets. } And if the amateur smuggler does get past the customs man, let him bewarz of leaning back and relaxing as the train moves off again for Belfast. For that good-looking girl sitting oppo- site is liable to invite him sweetly to ancompany her. to the guard's van, where he finds that she, too, is a customs offi- cer, left to trap him.. Biters Get Bit One type of criminal who does not (often get into the news is the gentleman who specializes "in robbing the robbefs. There was once a footman who had his eye on some jewels" belonging to his master. One night, as a first attempt in crime" he decamped with $50,000 worth of gems bulging his pockets. But a professional cracksman had also had his eye on those spark- lers for a long time, but couldn't get at them. Hé waylald the ab- 'sconding footman, stunned him, and removed the loot with the comment: "Let this show you that honesty is the best policy!" In New Zealand this year a man stole $10,000 from the po- lice payroll. The money was found in a schoolboy's satchel. . The boy said he saw a man hiding the money in a hole in a wall and when the man had gone he helped himself, In Paris, at one time, there were three gangs specializing in waylaying crooks homeward bound with the proceeds of a night's "work." When arrested the gangsters could not under- stand that they were doing any- thing wrong in stealing from thieves. Some months ago a man was sentenced to death for stabbing a shopkeeper in the East End of London and stealing clothes. Before he was arrested he met another man and this man stole from him the clothes for which the murder had been committed. "How is your son getting on with his medical studies?" in- quired Mrs. Green of her friend. } "Very well, thank you," re- plied the proud mother: "He can 2 " CROSSWORD PUZZLE " Small tie 38. Dagger . Eg, Co boi A 40. Crazy . Collection 43. Smyrna figs . Evergreen 45. Pers. fairies ¢ . Old card game 46, Hurrled 25. Frozen water 47, Tasting like 27. Cooking . _ oats / ACROSS . Cy Meat 2 ote vet $5, Chane of CLL 0 . Among Having ng wheat ! ] i hale): t 7. Cotton fabric 30. Free 49. Period of timg | 8. Engrossea 8. Temporary 31. French for 61 Grafted 12. Seed dovering lay ? summer (Heraldry) 03. Jap. rice paste 9 3 8lng volce 33. Set free 62, Dace a4. Charles Lamb '0.-Whart 35. Lad 64. Ship's rope 15. Tableland ; - A6. Preacher 18, Bags 120, Play 121'Chaln of rocks 3.1002 : 124. Deéssért 126. Point 128. Cuble meter 32. Maple genus j34. Stea) 36. Passage out . 87. Measured 189. Malé cat (41. Small fieh (42. Recline 44. Shrill barks 46. Sedutely 60. Restrain 163. Small parrot 65. [tallan river 66. Jap, outcasts 67. Spsing month 68. To u point tnside 69. Unit of force 60, Before '61. Stalk DOWN 1 Head coverings 2. Expanse * 8. Prudently 1 silent 4. Quench v Answer elsewhere on this page. _- ---- How Conservation Really Paid Off One of the great news stories of 1957 is about something that didn't happen--the terrible Ten- nessee River flood of 1957 that never came, .: - Right now. Americans prob- ably would be digging into their pockets for contributions for survivors of the Chattanooga- Oak .Ridge "disaster" "except that the sullen, boiling 52-foot crest wasn't permitted to de- velop. « Playing the intricate system of 20-odd dams on the Tennes- see River and its tributaries like an organ, the young engineers who administer the interstate Tennessee Valley Authority shot through some waters, held back qthers, and operated a fantastic machinery of fluvial traffic con- trol that sent a potentially dreadful monster harmless to the sea, Since there' was no catastro- phe there was no news. In contrast, the same unusual West Virginia, Ohio, and Penn- sylvania- caused havoc there and for a week the news was on the destruction, in a widespread area in West Virginia. Disaster is treated as news; not the ab- L. Strout in The Christian Sci- ence Monitor. The flood" didn't come in the TVA area because it had. been foreseen 20 years before and some of the world's boldest en- gineers had quietly trapped it. "Some day," the engineers who built the 20 dams sgid, "we are going to have another flood - like that of 1867 'and 1875. Floods come from unusual rain. The record crest was 58 feet in 1867 at Chattanooga, Tenn. We may not live to see it, but the test will come." It has just come. There was double normal precipitation -- eight inches in most of the mul- " tistate area, in some places 9, 10 and 12. By former standards, Chattanooga would have had its fourth worst flood in history. It would have endangered the Atomic main pumping station at Oak Ridge, Tenn., in an area where AEC has a billion-dollar invest- ment. The whole complex of valleys is now alive with new ~ targets for a great flood. Then began an extraordinary game of "mud ples," played by grim, sleepless young engineers, poring over meteorological maps and listening to telephoned re- ports for stakes involving prop- erty, industry, and human lives. It was perhaps the most spec- tacular modern example of standing up to nature, looking the terror of flood full in -the face and conquering it. The man who ran the show was Reed A. Elliott, TVA's chiet water-control officer. His TVA- trained staff are mostly young engineers. The big rain started Jan. 21. Nobody knew how long it would last, but this was the flood sea- had been kept at a low level. Now these were allowed to fill. It kept raining. The storms crossed Tennessee. The dams upstream held back the water in the traffic-control system while maximum amount of nearby water surged past the Chatta- nooga area. River-gauge read- ings and United States weather reports came hour by hour. Computers calculated run-off rates and acre feet of impound- - ed water. It was a thrilling per- formance, but it went almost unnoticed. The papers were full of flood news--but it came prin- Fooly from areas not under A flood control, from the Cumberland River to the north and the Alabama and Georgia Rivers to the South. In the TVA struggle, mean- while, control reservoirs were opened and closed to meet the crisls, one area being played "against another. The turbid tor- rent would have smashed ir- resistibly through the stricken valley if loosed at once, but passed harmlessly out, under control, an estimated 20 feet be- low the havoc stage. A system like this, some ob- servers sald, could have con- trolled the floods of a few years ago that tore through New England. The rains stopped Feb. 2. For 10 days and nights the struggle had gone én. The sun came out, and a party of awed engineers flew over the battlefield. 'They knew they had won, and. yet could hardly believe it. "It's got to where one word rings like an anvil in my ears," the vinegar-faced man told his friend. Co "Work, 'work, always work! It's all T hear about at home, day and night, week after week. I'm tired of it -- tired of the thought and the word -- work!" "How long have you been on this job?" a sympathetic friend asked. "I start to-morrow," was the gloomy explanation, sence of disaster, writes Richard. rainfall "that raised.- rivers in" Energy Commission's . -~ son. So the upstream reservoirs - sabe PLOWING IN THE PARKING LOT--This & Ba fa too A striking contrast between the vltramodern apartment house and the age-old plowman behind his horses presents itself in West Berlin, Germany. The "city farmer" is actually a gardener who took advantage of the warm weather to turn up the soil for spring planting in the apartment house yard. "THEEARM FRONT 4 ohn Russell HUMANE TRAPPING By Donald Baillie Vice-President Canadian Association for Humane Trapping. Are you interested in trap- ping? Perhaps you don't do much of "it -- just the odd mouse or rat around your own house or barn. The trap 'you use probably has a striking bar attached to a strong spring. When the spring is released the bar strikes the animal, crushing it to death pret- ty quickly. A trap like "this, which kills almost instantly, is | a fairly humane way of destroy- ing mice and rats. The kind of trap I want to dis- "cuss with you today is a different -story altogether. It has a very powerful spring, but instead of a crushing bar it has steel jaws. These jaws will try to clamp to- gether when the spring is re- leased. If something tries to stop them from clamping right togethers, they bite into that something. By no stretch of imagination can these traps be called humane. When the jaws spring shut on the leg or paw of an animal, the 'pain he feels is only the begin- ning - of his sufferings. At the best they may be ended fairly soon by drowning, if he is a water animal, and if the trapper has taken the trouble to arrange a drowning set, which will hold him under the water when he dives- for his natural cover. Even then, drowning is a fairly slow business for a beaver, or otter, or mink, or muskrat, equipped to stay under water for a long time. If there is no way for him to drown, he must either gnaw off his paw, or twist it off, or en- dure the trap as best he can un- til death releases him. He may struggle till he is dead -- he may freeze till he {3 dead -- another animal may kill him -- or at last the trapper may kill him. A fur trapper in Canada will do well to-get around his trap lines once in a week. He may have five or six hundred to visit. In bad weather a trap may be left unvisited for nearly a month. I mentioned that the animal may gnaw and twist at his leg until finally the flesh and sinew and bones are all sev- ered apart and he is free -- free to hobble away with a raw stump, or the gangrenous re- 'mains of a. frozen paw. Some trappers have estimated that they lose as many as 20% of their catch by these "wring-offs", that is, 20% of several million wild animals may be 'amputated this. way each winter in Can- ada, Each year we Canadians 'kill about nine million animals for 'their fur, and the great majority of these are not raised on fur farms. They are trapped. Some are caught in wire snares around their necks, but most in leghold -traps. This means that one or more steel traps snap shut every minute of our long winter. While you are reading this, two hundred or more of our Can- adian animals are being caught in the leghold trap, and several thousand already caught are dying. Apart from the numbers we kill, let's think about the un- necessary pain we inflict in catching them. It seems to me that higher mammals must feel something pretty close to what we humans feel, Most of the biologists I've met agree with me on this. You all know that your dog or cat certainly doesn't like to have his pdws trod on. If you want a rough idea of the leghold trap, just imagine that the door of your car has been slammed across the fingers of & BP J oom | _ IRA BAL NYS 3% your bare hand. Imagine that the door is jammed shut -- and im- agine that you are then left with your hand so caught until you either starve to death, or freeze to death -- or tear your hand apart, You are probably asking your- selves right now -- "If this is such "a painful business, why doesn't somebody do something about it?" Well, some countries have done soniething about it, Norway, for example. The leg- hold trap was outlawed in Nor- way over 50 years ago, yet Nor- wegians manage to trap about half a million animals in hu- mane traps' each year. I under- stand that Sweden, Finland, and Germany, have outlawed it too. In 1949 the British Government appointed a committee of inquiry to investigate charges of cruelty to wild animals in Britain. The tone of their report, issued in 1951, was far from fanatical. They stated quite strongly, "Nobody. can doubt that this is a diabolical' instrument, which causes an in- calculable amount of suffering." 'Incalculable is the right word, for 30 million rabbits alone are trapped in Britain In one. year. They added -- "We recommend that the sale for use in this country of the gin trap, and the use of the gin trap, should be banned by law within a short period of time." By the Pests Act 1954 the use of the gin trap will become jllegal in Britain after July 31, 1958. Thirty years ago the Royal Society for - the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in Britaln - offered a prize for an effective humane trap. In 1947 a rabbit trapper named Sawyer {finally won the award. His trap has two arms which snap up, and to- gether, and break the rabbit's neck instantly. Even it we ignore the ques- tion of being humane, we can see that such a trap has two great advantages over the leg - hold type. First, there is no loss of animals by the wring-off; second- ly, the animal .makes no noise that will attract other animals to attack it, and spoil the fur or carcass before the {trapper arrives, About 30 years ago a national organization was formed in Can- ada with the object of abolish- ing the cruelty of the steel trap. It is called the Canadian Asso- ciation for Humane Trapping. Its headquarters are in 'Tor- onto, but there are members from coast to coast. This Assocl- ation is endorsed by Humane So- cieties across Canada, since it tries to do for our fuy bearers what the Humane Societies do for domestic animals, - Canada, Until recent years we devoted most of our association's energy and income to telling people about existing conditions in Can- adian trapping. You may. have seen our advertisements in maga- zines and newspapers. We have: distributed thousands of pam- - phlets, and we have operated demonstration booths at the Can- adian National Exhibition. We have also kept in touch with the latest practices in fur farms, and in the development of sub- stitutes for natural furs, such as the nylon furs recently develop- ed. We do these things because we want to conserve some of our wild life resources in a natural balance for the people who some after us, and because we just don't like to see unnecessary suffering going on right here in In 1951 we interested the On- tario Department of Lands and Forests in importing from Eng- land 200 Sawyer traps -- the trap which kills instantly and which I mentioned earlier -- and the Department distributed these to Ontario trappers for testing. Their reports were so favourable that we imported another 1,000 which 'we sold at cost to trap- pers across Canada. Then in the Spring "of 1952 we sent out a questiorinaire to each purchaser asking his opinion as to the ef- fectiveness of the Sawyer trap in Canadian conditions and ask-" ing him to suggest improvements. There was a good response to this questionnaire, with many valuable suggestions, Since then we have continued to sell these traps at cost to the trappers. In 1954 we imported another type of instant-killing trap, the Bigelow, from U.S.A. and have sold many hundreds of them also, In 1956 we sponsored the manufacture of a trap invent- ed in Canada called the Wil-Kil. This trap is made in two sizes, the smaller one is used for mink, muskrat and animals of similar size while the larger one is for beaver and otter. As far as we know, this is the only instant- killer that will hold these large animals. We are now selling all three of these traps and each Spring the purchasers are issued with a questionnaire so that we can find out the reactions of the men who use them to the different type of traps. In British Columbia the Asso- ciation for the Protection of Fur- Bearing Animals is testing an- other type, the Conibear, also in- vented by a Canadian. ~~ World's Biggest! Plans are being discussed in New York, for the publication in 1959 of the second issue of * the world's largest newspaper which" appears only once every century. This monster pubilca- tion was first published In United States in 1859 and meas- ured 7 ft. long and 4 ft. 6 in. wide, > : The first issue of The Illumin- ated Quadruple Constellation, "as it was called, consisted of eight pages each containing thir- teen closely printed columns. It took forty people eight weeks, working day and night to bring out this gigantic news- paper. The contents included news about stars and the uni- verse generally. "Preserved in London, too, is another oddity in newspapers, a small yellowing sheet head "The Dally Citizen, Vicksbur, Mississippi, July 2nd 1863." was printed during the Ameri . can Civil War on wallpaper. THAT NEEDLED HIM The boss was accustomed to being out of the office a good deal on business and was, ra- ther worried about the behav- for of his new typist while he was away. . Sending for her one morn- ing he asked: "I hope you don't just sit and twiddle your thumbs while I'm not in the office." - "Oh no, sir," the girl replied, "I get on with my knitting. Upsidedown to Prevent Peeking Oo o * By Rev. R. Barclay Warre~ . B.A, B.D. ~The "Authority of Jesus Maithew 21: 23-32 Memory Selection: The people were astonished at his doctrine; for he taught them as one have ing authority, Matthew 7: 28-20. Jesus was the great teacher, He skillfully asked questions which focused attention on the important point. In this lesson he asked a question in answer to a question. The chief priests and elders angered at his cleansing of the temple the previous day, demanded to know the basls his authority. He In turn asked John's baptism was of heaven og of men. They wouldn't commi$§' themselves so Jesus did not ane swer their question, But hig question exposed their unbelief in John which premised thelg unbelief in Jesus. Those: whe were disciples of John, the Fores runner, readily became disciples of Jesus. ' Then Jesus went on to tell a story which added to the cone demnation o! the ey + They were like the son who s he would work for his father bu failed to go. They gave lp ser. vice to God but failed to de righteously in their every day living. Their rejections of Joha who came in the way of rights eousness demonstrated thelr real attitude to God. On the other hand the publicans and harlots made ne profession of being religious, But under the preaching of Jesus many of these wicked people re» pentéd and believed and begam to love and serve God. The lesson is clear, Religion Is a practical every day affals, We must all repent of our sing and believe on Jesus Christ if we are to enter the kingdom of God. Our do-it-yourself way of debt respectable won't do. We have sinned and come short of the glory of God. We all need te repent and turn from our sina Then we can believe on Jesus Christ for His deliverance from our. sins, Jegus Christ's authori is basad in the fact that Hg is the Sonof God. CALM -- The graceful prow of the S.S. United States is mirror- ed in the still surface of New York's North River. Ship and reflection join together to form an illusion of startling stream- lining. The luxury liner, third largest in the world, docked re- cently unaided by strikebound tugboats in an operation re garded by experts as an amaz- ing feat of navigation. v Fim NOT-SO-MYSTERIOUS EAST -- The smiles of these children's faces would be understood in any language. The youngsters, In Bangkok, Thailand, are sampling American milk which has been "disassembled" and then shipped to the Far Eastern coun try where the solids and fats are recombined with water te moke whole milk, a Ais Sie Th > it ER brah "LN rp FE ce <4