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9 Da you find it hard to imagine space going on in all directions, never ending? But it is only equally hard to if ea finite, limited universe Ve" use the word "universe" 'to mean all Space and everything in it-the sum total of galaxes.) Astronomers . admit _ frankly, that they do not know how far space extends. It is fascinating to speculate about what the uni- verse as a whole maye bé like, but' we must remember that we live in a very narrow and iso- lated corner of the great cosmos. Much of our view is obscured by the cosmic dust of one kind or another, and our theories are at best nothing more than guesses. * Probably some of them are very wild guesses. If space is infinite, it would seem reasonable to believe that stars are scattered through it in .all directions. Our biggest tele- scopes as yet show no evidence that there is any dropping off of stars numerically, even billions of trillions of miles away. . One of the most 'interesting conceptions of the great physicist Albert Einstein is that space is curved" This is hard for the "human mind, particularly the tin- tutored and - unmathematical mind, to comprehend; Thé idea .is part of Einstein's famous theory of relativity and can not be real- ly understood without extensive mathematical training; but it will perhaps be 'possible for us in passing to catch a fleeting glimpse of what curved space might mean, If the universe is finite, in other words, does not extend on forever, then space may very possibly be of such a_nature that. it curves around on itself like an enormous sphere. In this case .. the universe could be said to be finite, but unbounded! actually is so curved, If space: then it . would be reasonable to assume that rays of light from a star, which start on their way today through the universe, will be curved and bent to fit the form of the universe. In other words, we might conceivably be able to - observe with our telescopes the "ghost images" of objects--stars or nebulae or galaxies--which are actually on the opposite side of the universe and thus out of our direct line of vision. In seeing these ghost images we should be doing the same. thing as. seeing the image of the back of our own heads. You might ask -- well, why are we not seeing such ghost images now? Possibly we may be doing so, in some cases. Or possibly the universe .is not yet old enough to have given light time to travel halfway around it. One of the most interesting conceptions of the universe, and one which at first glance seems as fantastic as Alice in Wonder- i; land, is that of the expanding universe. The great English astronomer Sir Arthur Edding- ton was one of the chief propon- ents of this idea. He presented Mice On Ice - from taking their share of the world's food. Scientists at the University of Glasgow kept two families of white mice in a room at six degrees below freezing. By the end of the experiment the third generation had ap- peared. Similar families of white mice kept at eighteen _and thirty-four - degrees above freezing produced their fourth generation in the same period of time. So the only effect of cold storage conditions is that there may be fewer mice about, but otherwise they'll do: quite nicely, thank you. : An interesting observation was that the nests in the cold room, where the animals moved more slowly, were better constructed than the nests in 'the warrher rooms, Which goes to show that it's 'worth taking time over things. FAN iy ___Cold storage _won't_stop mice | it in his book The Expanding Universe. Doctor Edwin P. Hubble of Mt. Wilson Observa- | . tory discovered that almost all of the galaxies, or island uni=f= verses, or spiral nebulae (by - whatever name you may wish to call them) appeared to be re- ceding, or traveling rapidly away from us. It was discovered, = further- more, that the farther away the galaxy, the more rapid its mo- tion. For every additional mil- lion light-years of distance from the earth, there was an increase _ in speed of about a hundred miles per second. At first this seemed so fantastic that hardly anyone could believe that the facts had been interpreted correctly. Sir Arthur Eddington asked us to imagine a round toy balloon that was being more and more inflated. Each point on the sur- face of the balloon would be moving farther away from every other point. Sir Arthur sug- gested that some such explana- tion might account for the gen. eral recession of the galaxies. In such an expansion those bodies which are farthest away from the centre would move most rapidly. In order to see how this would work, it might be better to think, not of a balloon, but of a solid, soft rubber ball which by some means is being blowns-up. The points on the outside of the ball will be moving more rapidly than those near the middle of the ball.--From "The Book - of Knowledge." What's Your Pet Fear? Have you, like most people, a pet fear? 3 Scientists and doctors have been discussing the quite or- dinary things that make some of us shudder. One of them quoted' the amaz- ing case of a young man who had a horror of glass and shud- dered whenever he encountered it. A specialist discovered that this fear had possessed him since he was a boy of six. He had stared one day into the curved plate glass window of a shop and had seen reflected in it' the houses opposite, look- ing as if they were about to fall and crush him. Another man was known to faint whenever he entered a room where many flowers were displayed. 'The perfume always overcame him, An eclipse of the moon scared Lord Bacon so much that he col- lapsed. Lord Roberts, the great soldier, feared cats and hated one to cross his path. And an Italion named Nivanor was 'so sensitive to the sound of a flute that he swooned if one was played in his presence. Satin, silk and peaches have been known to inspire unreason- ing terror in some people. In- sects, - especially spiders, are a _very common aversion. A fam- ous author once declared that, provided he had: a sword handy, he would rather meet a lion than feel a spider crawling upon him in the dark. After a woman had been found dead in the lonely island of Iona, in the Hebrides, in 1929, it was revealed that she 'had conceived a violent dread of an Egyptian statuette which her fa- ther had given her when they were both in Egypt. She declared that the statuette was evil and would only bring her misfortune, but for some reason could not bring herself to part with it. A man in Houston, arrested after being seen stuffing a small boy into the trunk of his car, confessed that he was hiding the child to save the price of one admission at a 'drive-in movie. CROSSWORD PUZZLE ACROSS Meadow Stone Attempt Cereal peed Shaving implement Bitter herd Estate Roman 6. Mexloan * Indians 7. Playthinga ending combat 8. Plkelike fish 8, Comparative | 9 a1. Al any time 10, Mat 34. Paradise 11. Affirmative 3 . Hue vot , Endured 16. Rey 42. Yolumeé (ab.) 17. Pull after . 44, Improve 20. Hindustan 47. Gain by labor native } , Palin ik Heathen , Existed 2. Winged 61. Noah's boat 24, Tempt ; 83. Golt mound 6, Memoranda 54. Of us 37. Famous 55. Wooden pin W.ifren asting 57. 17th Hebrew uration letter = ia [17 arment 7 it SO O00 2S 2300 90 th fd. asten Bar legally Father . Soft mineral . Due . Fish sauce , Secondhand con ect . Collect ~ , Em Deyoured { . Cancel i eset ive oy 1] £7] ----- = -- es st ~~ = E50) ea ~~ ST Ai Z3555% 3=3 3p 223 I= an Es A Dress the feathera , Color ws = » 69. Firmament 60. Finished (61. Unit of work WN . , Cutoff {EN LTO ies of , 3 4 5 : i "Answer Elsewhere on This Page { * Lord's Prayer. 'Make-Believing' Their Way Back fo Health Ever see a hospital that children actually ¢ry togo to, and once place actually exists in Meadeville, thanks to the founder, Owen K. Murphy, who became more and more concerned .about the lack of facilities for handicapped children of his community. In- stead of a bleak hospital atmosphere, the doors of Niagara Research Foundation open to a veri- - exercises the muscles of the s here fo rireatment. Horse with special equipment helps speed this girl's. recovery. She. A $9) 3 EES FOBT \ are, refuse to leave? Such a ~ fable fairyland. The rooms are gaily decorated and filled with toys to gladden the youngsters. ~All this is a treat, yet in each toy there is a treatment, for each is a therapeutic Insti ment which pastic, cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy victims who come 2 director of the Center, shows this small boy how to pilot the ferry boat. Piloting his way to health, this little patient stren gthens his back and leg muscles with therapeutic equipment on plane. NDAY SCHOOL LESSON Growing Through Prayer Philipplan 4:6-7; Hebrews 4:14-16 Memory Selection: evermore, Pray without ceas- ing. In everything give thanks: for this Is the will of God in Christ Jesus concerning you. 1 Thess. 5:16-18, Prayer is the most common 'means of grace. Anyone can pray anywhere, anytime. The newly converted heathen may not :be able to-read the scrip- ture but he can pray. The blind or ill may not read but he can pray. A fighter pilot when asked if he ever prayed when on his perilous expeditions over enemy territory, said, "Of course we did." 3 Most people pray when in trouble. ut the Christian cul- tivates the. habit of prayer. James Montgomery, who gave to the church the most outstanding hymn on prayer, wrote, "Prayer is the Christian's, vital breath, The Christian's' native air, His watchword at the gates of death; He enters heaven with prayer." Jesus Christ set us a great example in his prayer life. Once when he ceased praying one disciple asked him, "Lord, teach us to pray." He taught them the What a. beauti- ful spirit breathes-in that prayer! Jesus taught the lesson of con- tinuing in prayer by an illustra- tion. Let us not forget what He said of the man disturbed at midnight, "Though he will not rise and give him, because he is his friend, yet because of his importunity he will rise and give him as many as he needeth." The lesson closes with a' vital recipe for happiness. Don't worry. Pray about everything. Be thankful. The result is, "The peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your - 'hearts and minds through Christ Jesus." ae : We learn to"pray. by praying. It is not enough to know the theory of prayer. We.!must practise prayer. or MISUNDERSTOOD He was applying for county relief and the young lady official was filling out the customary form. "Do you owe any back house rent?" she asked. "We ain't had no backhouse for years," he replied with great dignity. "We got modern plumb- Rejoice . i Foiled Again -- As any wolf can plainly see, Audrey Magee, is in good form. However, as a word of warning, Audrey is also In excellent form with a dueling foil. She keeps in practice through the recreational pro- gram at the aircraft plant where she works. Blame 'On Both Sides -- An 'American View The reported agitation of the American State Department and others "over French military withdrawal from the southern portion of the Red. Kiver delfa in Indochina strikes us as out of keeping with both the French and the American record. - A few weeks ago French Un- ion forces were desperately de- fending Dien Bien Phu. «Paris asked Washington to authorize air strikes by carrier-borne planes against the massing at- tackers. Washington--wisely un- "der the circumstances--took no action. 3: 'The fate of Dien Bier Phu had been Sealed by French mistakes, political and military, too long before. Planes would have had to be followed by foot soldiers; and no anfouni-of guns, bombs, and uniforms would have stop- ped the steady: disaffection of villages and Red infiltration into the area now under shrinking Eye Brows Useful Our eyebrows serve a good and useful purpose. If we had no eyebrows, the drops of sweat that form on our foreheads when we get warm would run into our eyes. This would be bad, not only because it would blur our vision, but also because sweat contains impurities - that the body is getting rid of. Our eye- brows act as shields. The eyebrows are beautiful in -themselves--and--they-call atten- tion to the eyes, just as we call. "attention to an important word' in a letter by underlining it. The .eyes are the most Important part of our faces, not only from their color and form but also because they and the eyelids move quickly and so give liveliness to the expression. What the Vietnamese needed in order to repel the politico- mijlitary inroads of the Commun- Ist-run Vietminh was :an assur- ance of freedom, something to tight. for. The independence treaty, now signed but still to be ratified, should have come years sooner. In pulling back to defence of Hanoi and Haiphong the French are recognizing the difficulty, if not impossibility, of . their position, Meanwhile they are doing the best that can be done to bring .a settlement out of the remnants of the Geneva Conference. That "best" would probably be an agreement with Chinese Premier Chou En-lai to hold supervised free elections throughout Viet- *nam. That would recognize the problem as what it is, political rather than military. Meanwhile Washington can do better than display petulance at French unwillingness to spend more lives in a battle where Am- ericans see no reason to risk theirs. Instead of carping at not having been consulted about the delta withdrawals, they might listen to advice of Vietnamese leaders on how to win the battle for the good opinion of Asians whose * loyalties will yet deter- mine the issue, -- From The Christian - Science Monitor. A BARGAIN Mefoosky knew he had been damaged when the golf ball hit him over the eye. He waited for the foursome to approach. "I'll get a lawyer and sue you for five hundred dollars." "Didn't vou hear me yell 'Fore'?" asked one of the golfers. "OK." said Mefoosky, "we'll eattls for four hondred BE Ty RY "4 wd the grotto of Le . much advertised. No paintings: here, just natural formations. 53. In the afterr.oon I went to Leis . Combarelles, another tortuous tunnel, low and narrow, shiny, scabrous walls and drip- ping roof, - 1 either, but scratchirigs in pro- fusion, outlines of animals grav- en on the walls, of mammoth, wolf, bear, ibex bison; and occa- sional fish! almost an inventory of the fauna of the land as it existed twenty thousand xears ago. Why primitive man crawled into the inner recesses of drip- a matter for conjecture. miles by road from Les Eyales. broad steps one descehds into semi-darkness; the ground be- comes moist and -water seeps from the rock overhead. There - is a second door to be thrown open, and then before one's eyes, around the sides and over the roof of the great domed cave, there flows a fantastic panorama of bellovsing bulls, charging bi- "sons, reindeer and horses. The designs tions often -overlap each ather, and that without detriment o: incongruity, - added emphasis. The drawing of the individual animals is superb; only men as conversant their habits as a herdsman with those tf depicted them with such Inols- iveness of line, with such ap- preciation vitality of movement. The col- ~ ours used were the natural ones beneath their feet: red and yel- cut into pencils, black granulous soll for the deeper tones . grotto a passage on leads into a second hall. walls of tI: - opens t Underground Art From Ancient Times On my first morning 1 visited . Grand Rog, with No paintings here ing caves to scrape with Infin- te patience upon the walls is about titteen Lascaux lies From the daylight by a few of succeeding genera- indeed with but with »f his cattle could have of form, with such low earth, compact enough to be From the maln court of the the right The the passage are cov~ ered with engravings of ibex and stags, the hall is as richly decorated in colour as the main court. In it there is a superb frieze- of stags' heads, drawn as though the beasts were swim- ming through a torrent. From hall in one direction there 'la cabinet des -felins, where cave-lions are the theme of the engraving; in another dir- ection a ladder, at a sudden change of level, drops one inte "the well," a 'narrow and still but partly explored cavern. In a smaller gallery, opening al- most directly from the main court, stocky little ponies in var- ied colours dominate the scena. Those early men of Lascaux have left little -that tells us of their daily lives--a few cut flints, a few hollowed stones that held colour for the artists or animal fat for "household" lighting. But they have left an awesome sanc- tuary, the most impressive pic- ture gallery that I have ever entered.--From "Coming Down by Robert Gibbings. | O/H 30 Q/3/ QIN IMM ATH S| [3 NHIINI3[3¥! J] (JO) OY 3ILLLIV| VOW S The Seine," KIEL vm HO) IN Upsidedown to Prevent Peeking _ISSUE 30 -- 1954 Metal Gets Tired Same As People The fatigue of metals is ell- known. When we speak of nything getting tired, we natur- ally think of a living creature, such as ourselves. We know that when we are not tired, we can do certain things. When we are tired, some change has occurred inside our bodles that prevents us from doing those things. . The proper word for this is fatigue. Now, it we take a piece of steel, like a razor, that can do certain things and if we overwork it-- we may find it will not cut as it used to do, however carefully we repare its edge. Something has appened that prevents it from doing what it was able to do be- fore, We may call this. "get- ting tired." e fatigue of metals has an important bearing. on their strength, and many experiments have been carried out to show that repeated pulling and releas- ing of a plece of metal tires the material and makes it more and more liable to break under the strain. In some of the experi- ments the strains took the form of pressure applied again and again In the same place; while In others it consisted of twisting and bending. In some cases the action had to be repeated several millions of times before the metal broke. In this the various pieces of metal acted very much like tired human beings. Some were able to bear the strain and stress much longer than others before they grew fatigued, and broke. The condition of metals when fatigued has been carefully ex- amined by means of high-power- ed microscopes. These examina tions show that when a metal is tired 'through strain, the crystal- line grains of which the metal is made up change their-shape, and are drawn out in the direction of: the strain. : It may be that if we could learn fully about the causes of tiredness and the cures of tired- ness In metals, we might better understand fatigue in ourselves Willing, To Wait " Only a convict likes to be stop- ped in the middle of a sentence. But we have death house records to show that some of the lads hate to-wait for a-certain period. That's the date when the state wants to close the books against thom. Such as the chap about to be hanged. According to John Kieran, the,fellow was asked if he had anything to say. "Yes, 1 sure do. thig is going to be a lesson to me." Another one of the departees turned to Warden Spencer Miller and said, "You'll take care of the electric bill, 4yont you, Warden?" While Sir Walter Raleigh was imprisoned in the Tower of Lon- don the barber came to dress his beard. But Raleigh refused, say- ing, "At present, friend, there is a lawsuit pending between me and the king about this head, and I don't intend to lay out any money upon it until it is decided which of us it is to belong to." ~ The warden informed one of the boys in Alabama, "It's your last meal. You can have anything you want." "Thanks," he said. "T'll take watermelon." "But this is-December," plead ad the warden. "Watermelona aren't planted yet, much less ripe." The other smiled HE TOLD HER "Tell me, what would you do if you had no wife to do your mending?" "I'd be clothes." "I can wait." able to afford new He's The Man To Beat -- Chris Chataway, right, is the man to beat if you're in a hurry. He is shown here pushing hard on the heels of John Landy as the Australian ran the world's fastest mila In 3:58.0 at Turku, Finland. Chataway was also the hot-breaths ~of-pursuit when Roger Bannister first broke the four-minute milo in 3590 4 at Oxford lact Mav HL nich ww I want to say i cs pote el pu I ww CT ie ¥ vin AF § og de Fi A iN 3 i I, ER AEA 4 3 Ti NS 8 NW . 3 he XK it AR ne ge