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tT ¢ * = =p aM» RY] Zoo's Boss -- Pretty Jolle Allen, - "in a pamphlet' written by If Your Child Won't 'Clean Up' His Plate If your child refuses to eat, don't force him. He won't starve by skipping a few meals. If he demands his dessert ahead of his vegetables, let him eat cake. It doesn't mean he'll grow up into an eccentric who always orders a sweet at the beginning of "the meal. - Those are some tips to parents child health .experts and published by the National Association for Men- tal Health. Experts advise! "Good food "offered in a friendly, - 'matter-of-fact way, without urging. That's the basis for helping child-. - ren to develop good eating habits." They said children like to eat, but usually become- 'problem eat- ers" because mama. is too anxious to keep-them well fed. She keeps urgifig more on them. "Put yourself in the child's place," they urged, "Ask yoursélf if you if you would enjoy your meal with someone standing over you urging you to eat and scolding you if you didn't." Small upsets may spoil a child's appetite temporarily, Maybe the youngster is teething. Perhaps a cold is coming on. Watch' carefully for symptoms of illness, they said, But don't force him to eat. * Health authorities said many mothers worry needlessly for fear their children aren't getting enough food. Medical research however, shows light eaters aren't starving. Some. children need more food than others. : As for the child who demands his dessert first, experts claim once he finds out he can have a sweet first, he usually starts leaving it until the end of the meal, To introduce new foods, they suggest: children learn about them gradually, Offer them early in the meal, while the youngster still is hungry and in good humor. Make the portions small, they -said, so the child immediately thinks, "Well, is this--all I get? - His usual reaction is to lick the platter clean.- = "above, holds a: rare ob for a young woman. : She's director of the Crandon Park Zoo. In addi- - Non, she performs a lion-taming act, using only a whip and a stick in a cage full of snarling beasts, Useful Hints For Buying: Sheets ---- Shopping for sheets? Then bear in mind a few points of the type that will shest suit your purpose' ~ Most important is that bed linen be (of « the right: size and weight, sacrificing either of these factors wil shorten the life of the bed linen, Double check, when you make the purchase, to see that the sheet-size 'jives with bed-size. If too small, "it will continue to ride up and: give- little comfort for the sleeper: too. big, they prove | cumbersome to make and add un- necessary material to the week's | wash, : Weight of sheets are indicated by thread count, also called con- struction. This states simply the warp (leng.hwise) yarns and fill ing (crosswise yarns) per inch. It may be illustrated by two num- bers such as 78 x 68 or the total of 144, thus called a 140 type sheet. Sheet weights indicated by 112, | TTR 128 and 140 are muslin sheets; -types 180_and--200 are percale, In buying for the average family the heavier sheet will withstand the strain of washing and wear far: longer than the lighter and finer sheet, although it is easier to wash. If you're considering the boitom sheets tailored to fit over the mat : tress corners, bought of course. to fit the bed, ironing is not neces- . ly. adi) . { . Buy brands that assure you of, - quality: examine hems of sheets to, see they are sewn with close even stiches; and look for dur. she tape selvages that add strength an protection to sheet adges, 7 Essential Services 8 And Public Rights In any.industry strikes are cost- ly, wasteful and disturbing enough fo the general public, sential public industry they are all that and a great deal more. In an es- When such vital, everyday neces- sities as transportatiqn, communi- cations: or power -gistribution are' cut off, every person and every business, great and small, are.im-' mediately affected. : Strikes in a -public utility 'are aimed straight at the public, exact- ly like the gun a thug 'points at his victim's head. In many places police and firemen are not allowed. to use-this weapon and neither should workers in other essential public services be allowed to use it. These people are serving the com- munity in the same way. as soldiers, And soldiers do not have the right to strike, For the past week not a street car has moved in Toronto and not only that, but the coach lines oper- ated by a subsidiary over a wide area of Southern Ontario have also been tied up. Hundreds of thousands of people in metropolitan' Toronto and' scores of thousands 'living in villages, towns and cities for a hundred miles around have had to hitch hike or stay home, ¥ Last year there were 12 strikes in essential public industries, In 1950 there were eight including the eight-day tie up on the nation's railroads. This mad nonsense -has gone too far. . Public utilities are not like ordin- ary industries. They are the very foundation upon which all industry, our whole economy, absolutely de- pends When disputes arise in them ac- ceptance of arbitration awards should be made compulsory for both parties, Provincial and federal labor authorities must see that this is done immediately. No pgrson or group should have the power to paralyze a community; 2 Requiring workers to take the no-strike pledge as a condition of employment in esgential public ser- vice industries is asking them to undergo no hardship. It is the mini- 'mum security the community owes itself, Thousans of people should not -have their work, and their personal lives disrupted because of a private wage squabble, --From The Financial: Post, : World's Biggest Laundry Lists Statistics show that,. depending on the size of the family, the aver- age housewife washes and irons from 1,600 to 7,000 items of domes- tic linen every year. And quite enough, too, says Mrs. Average Housewife as she straigh- tens: her : aching - back from hte washtub. ; But how aboyt washing and iron- ing 380,000 articles of ¥Gi ed' linen every week? Yet this staggering figure forms the average laundry bundle of two very respected British 'ladies. They are those giants of the seas, the "Queen Mary" and "Queen Elizabeth," Whenever one of the two ships reaches Southampton she lands the world's biggest wash: 32,000 sheets and pillow cases, 5,000. to 6,000 counterpanea:. and coverlets, and some. 7,000 blankets, for a start. Each vessel has 17,000 tablecloths, which need laundéring after every voyage. For however stormy the crossing gravy-stained linen on the dining 'table of a. "Queen" is as un- thinkable as a Christian:in Mecca. Something like: 10,000) meals a day are served ofi each voyage in one of Britain's "Queens," which means plenty of washing-up for the domestic staff. Waiters cloths, glass tloths and other kitchen towels to the number of 14,000 swell the sea- going laundry bill: Gentleman: any man who gives a lady a head start before racing her for a bus seat. Bible In Her Hand--Mrs. Wiliam Gille. presents her son, William, a hand-copied edition of the Sf. James How Not To Get Lost--Theresa Peters, an airline hostess, sights through a "collimator" at her employer's repair base, The com- plicated looking mechanism is used to test the accuracy of peri- scope sextants with which each airliner is equipped. The sextapt, with the help of the stars, is used to determine a plane's position : in flight, F ound Out His Wife --Was A Man! Paul: Hufford put a quick end to paternity: proceedings brought against him at Polaski, Virgina, re- cently, A local girl swore he was 'the father of her child, and Paul snapped: "It's impossible! . I'm a girl myself!" : The court adjourned and the doc- tors took over There was no doubt about -it. -And Paul explained that "his" mother. had always: dressed "him!" as a.boy when a child. Even his sisters thought = him, their brother. When he went to work the great masquerade continued. Though the -local miliiary draft board discovered his secret, they kept it quiet . . . for nothing in the law. required them to do otherwise. Decided, In Court And this is just one of many big sex muddies in the news of late. In a British court the other day Mr. Justice Vaisey had to decide that a woman lieutenant-colone] in the Wracs had changed her sex, married and lived happily with a woman as «husband and wife. "There's nothing to be ashamed of," said the judge. "It's a peculiar case but not unknown.!" He found that Winifred Mary Swan had legiiim- ately transformed into. Wynsley Michael-Swan;: 4 © Now: another riddle awaits solu" tion in Paris, where dark and hand, gome-Jean Fardet married a widow and by legal adoption became the father of two children -- and has now 'confesed that "he" is a woman, too. "He" discovered: hercould earn more tips as a waiter than a wait- ress." His cronies. teased him about his piping voice, Sa to ;*show' them" he flirted outrageously .-. . and eventually married. But what hap- pens to two adopted children when, in reality, they. have no legal father. And what does his "wife" say? Despite, searching police: ques- tions, she declares that it doesn't matter anyway, Asia rule in. these queer; cases it's the "husband". who. praves to be the woman, Yet a case once, ac- curred at Liverpool Assizes of a young, coliery. hand who was always taken for a woman when he dressed as a man and so at last considered himself forced into skirts, Meeting a boy at the pictures, they walked out. together. and. ultimately set. up house, as man ;and. wife. And svhen. the husband was at last, told the truth, he gasped in astonishment, "I just, can't believe it. It isn't pos- sible]" But: the court decided it was! version of the Bible on which she worked 15 years. Mrs. Gille used 18 bottles of Ink, but : only one pen to complete the job, ' Don't Mistreat Your Vacuum Cleaner A cleaner with dustbag clogged with dirt will give no better re- sults than a soiled duster -or mop; nor can efficient service be expected from a carpet sweeper with dust- pans filled to brim, bristles snarled with lint and hairs or worn too short to reach the carpet. -- Unless . nozzle adjustment on cleaner is automatic, test adjust- ment-on-rug or floor. Place clean- er in operating position with motor on. and rug should be lifted to nozzle by suction, 3 Opegate your cleaner slowly in a straight line, lengthwise. on rug. Each section should be vacuumed twice to remove embedded dirt and grit." Learn the number of uses of each attachment and the: ease with which they're put to use. Manufacturer's' directions should be- followed for lubrication of motor driven brush or agitator cleaner and caution should be used as over- lubrication is as harmful to the motor as lack of it. Pins, hairpins, tacks or any small sharp objects should be picked up "before using vacuum as they may puncture dust bag or cut belt of machine, g "LThe-dust-bag should be emptied after each use for suction action decreases with dirt in the bag. Periodically turh dust bag inside out - after emptying and brush inside thoroughly . . . but never wash it as water destroys dust-proof finish, Disposable paper liners for bag do protect bag and do away with neces- sity -of cleaning it. The working. parts of machine should: be : checked closely at all times:. Remove. revolving - cylinder and. brushes . from = motor-driven brush cleaner once a week and clean off threads and hairs, Belt and brush of either type cleaner should be replaced -before being badly worn, motor housing, and handle attach- * ments dusted after each use. Work i carpet sweeper back and forth smoothly. and quickly over surface of rug or carpet. without using more pressure than is neces-. sary. As with cleaner it should be emptied after each use, oiled re- gularly, and brush and bristles kept clean: and free from tangling with threads of hair. Daily use of a carpet sweeper and weekly. cleaning with a vacuum prevent grit from settling into rugs. Grit causes most serious damage of the three types of rug soil and sur- face litter: crumbs, lint, tracked in dirt, etc.; and allover surface soil which is greasy, Grit, if not removed, sifts down to the base of nap of rug and when walked on, cuts off small pieces of pile, When rug cleaning and caring for them, remember: : ; Lamp « cords should never.' run beneath rug as it leaves a ridge. Broken or smooth type. casters will ruin rug. Move heavy pieces of furniture occasionally to prevent permanent. indentations and distri- bute wear. 25 Sali? Never: pull tufts or knots from rug, clip even, Never shake small rugs, it breaks 'threads, loosens knots, damage backing; . hor should large rugs be hung over line. The weight of entire rug then fests on fibres which are ' bent. at an extremely sharp angle and are badly strained. : : "Beating rugs with wire or rattan beater loosen tufts, knocks sizing from back and softens supporting 'structure of the rug. Idealist: a person, on noticing that a rose smells better than a cabbage, concludes that it will also make a better soup. Wi The Annual Meeting of Shareholders The Royal Bank of Canada * "Industrial Development and Freer Trade can be achieved together says President Suggests long range programme to 'speed process and bring p prices closer to U.S. levels, : Sees danger in large budget surplus. ; , "Reward saving, : penalize spending." F ot ps "Need for a free and flexible economy to meet the challepge of inflation and foster the long range development of Canada, was the keynote of the annual address of James 'Muir, President, at the An- nual General Meeting of Share- holders of The Royal Bank of Can- ada. Inflation, he said, was still a major problem, and he doubted the effectiveness of high taxes as a curb on ecither private or corporate spending. Nor did he consider the unexpected budget surplus of $635,- 000,000 a reason for complacency; it could become an inflationary "time bomb" unless rendered in- ert by being impounded' as a de: posit in the Central Bank or used to retire Government debt held by the Bank of Canada, - "By itself," said Mr. Muir, "this unplanned surplus is neither an effective check to inflation nor a reason for complacency and seli- congratulation. The danger here is that the Government 'with its in- creased surplus and the public with its increased savings are better able than ever to increase expenditure in the future. : "I do not think we need worry too much about the private indivi- dual dissipating his savings and so adding to the inflationary pressure. Nevertheless, he should receive every cncouragement to add to rather than spend what he has ac- cumulated. Unfortunately, exper- ience does not point in quite the same direction regarding the Gov- ernment's surplus. This surplus, induced as it is by increased taxes, perhaps designed to check infla tion, actually becomes an inflation- ary time bomb unless it is rendered inert by impounding it as a deposit in the Central Bank or by using it to retire Government-ilebt held by the Central Bank." FLEXIBILITY NEEDED "The ability of our economy to sustain the shock of adjustment to thie economic needs of the defence programme. depends in large meas- ure upon increased flexibility, By flexibility we ) general way the ability of prices, mterest rates, and exchange rates to adjust to changing cconomic conditions. An example of this flex- ibility is the Government's interest rate policy of the last year or so. Higher interest rates reduce in- flationary pressure in two ways: first, they curtail the unwarranted expansion of credit; and sccond, they ¢éncourage thriit by making saving more remunerative. "Another . example of what we have in mind is the frecing of the Canadian dollar in September, 1950, The removal of import re- strictions of January 1, 1951, car- ried the process another step for- ward. The success of this exchange policy is shown -by the strength of the. Canadian dollar in the face of a large trade and service deficit. The so-called "hot" money that came into Canada during the sum- mer. of 1950 Las heen effectively cooled off. Indeed, we have seen a significant inflow of stable in- vestment capital into Canada throughout 1951. Moreover, the basic strength of the Canadian dol- lar has been such that the Govern- ment-in December, 1951, removed all remaining exchange control, and so restored to the traditional chan- nels of private finance complete freedom in the field of foreign ex- change. A "All in all, the frce economy in the western democracies has gain- ed on balance during 1951. We have seen the urgent demand of the -defence economy superimposed on an economy already strained by the effort to reconstruct a war torn world, It should be a' source of comfort in these trying times that our advance towards military strength has not required a whole- sale retreat into contrals, Indeed, we have managed to gain in mili- try strength and at the same time to achieve a fuller measure of flexibility in our economy. Our satisfaction should. not make us complacent. But, barring the final tragedy of large-scale war, we can hope. through right policy to con- tinue our advance towards the twin goals of economic as well as politi- cal freedom, "Economic development means (1) that Canada's population must expand at a rate possible only with large immigration; (2) that her capital investment . must continue for a long period to be a large proportion of her national income, and (3) that outside capital must have confidence in a government policy of just and 'equal treatment. Economic development means any- thing but a quiet life for workers, businessmen, and government offi- cials. ' : FREER TRADE "The need for adjustment would not be so great ,in the long run if we were 'content (which we- must not be) to continue as a producer of primary products for. final man- ufacture elsewhere, On the other hand, the use of the tariff or other mean in the most HEAVIER TAXES NOT EFFECTIVE AS SPENDING CURB "The real test of tax policy to combat inflation is whether or not that policy penalizes spend- ing and rewards saving. With this in mind ane must recognize that a whole multitude of the spending public are. not even touched by the more drastic of the additional imposts. In con- trast, a large segment: of the fixed wage and salary group has been hit and hit again. That is, of course, unfortunate in it- self, on grounds of strict equity. 'But the real question is, "How much of the increase in taxes on this group in the last half of 1951 came out of savings?" The more that came out of savings, the less the effect on inflation pressure. Corporations were even hard- er hit in the 1951 budget. But again the real question is not, "Is this fair?" but "Did: the new corporate taxes penalize spend- ing and reward saving?" To this question, the answer is simply, "No." Human nature being what it is, heavy corporate taxes tend to increase spending by corporations because the Gov- ernmet is paying a correspond- ingly large part of the shot. The increase in federal excise and sales taxes is upleasant, but these taxes do hit the spender where it hurts, Unfortunately he does not kow what is hitting him. Why? Because the taxes are levied at the manufacturing level, passed on plus mark-up at various- points from there on, and finally concealed in the re- tail price, The system is, there- fore, inefficient: for it takes out of the consumer's pocket much more than it yields to the Gov- ernment in revenue, But, worse still the purchaser sees the whole increase in price not as a tax, but as a rise in the cost of liv- ing and a reason for demanding higher wages for his work or a higher price for his product. A further Bggravation is that provincial.dggid municipal sales taxes, levied on the retail price, obviously -bgcome in part a tax on taxes. This is bad in prin- ciple, and, as' we have seen, it lacks even the virtue of exped- iency: in the fight on inflation the federil tax is ineffective be- cause 'concealed. It is unfortunate that in 1951 this slap at spend- ing had to be admimstered with an anaesthetic, device to force Canadians to buy home-manufactured goods merely reintroduces some of the inflexi- bility we - have been trying to avoid. Whatever one may think of protection as a means to economic development, it is true that our position next to the United States makes a high tariff both a cause for discontent and a temptation to break the law. The alternative competition with U: S. industries enjoying the low costs of a large mass market, might sceny at first glance (at least in the opinion of many) to rule out a diversified in- dustrial economy for Canada. "Now tke dilemma I have posed is a scrious one, particularly in the immediate future; but I believe it can be resolved. Indeed the prob- lem may appear bigger than it really is; for tariff protection tends both to retard and to conceal the true efficiency of a nation's .indus- try. "At this point 1 wish to make it clear that in the remarks I am about to make I take no position in the political controversy so long associated with our tariff policy. What I shall try to do is to dis- cuss the economic problems 'in- volved. "There is little doubt in my mind that Canada can aclieve both in- dustrial = development and freer trade. Qur problem is to hasten the process, Our first step should be- a long-run programme to reduce or abolish excise and sales taxes at the manufacturer's level, thereby reducing the disparity between prices to the consumer in Canada and to the consumer in the United States. The result will be a more rational price and tax structure for the developing Canadian economy. "Our second step should he an- other long-run programme to get reciprocal concessions in trade, par- ticularly from our nearest neigh- bor, thie United States, "Moreover, both steps in the suggested programme would re- duce the present: disparity betwecit prices on a wide variety of articles to the consumer in Canada and to the. consumer in the United States, This is not only good in itself but may give some assurance at least that our trained and talented young people will not be tempted away, but will seek their fortunes in their ative land and contribute to its evelopment and progress, General Manager - Reports Assets Over $2.5 Billions T, H. Atkinson, General Mana- ger, in reviewing the bank's 1951 - report stated that total assets of The Royal Bank of Canada has now reached the imposing total: of $2,515,645,208. This, he said, was a new- high mark in Canadian banking history and a figure which would | undoubtedly be noted throughout the financial world. Deposits likewise had reached record "totals, "said Mr, Atkison. "Apart from government balances which, as previously mentioned, are lower by some: $46,000,000, inter- est-bearing deposits have increased $19,805,000, to $1,123,723,000 and non-interest hearing deposits are up $39,094,000 and now stand at $1,085717,000. "The balances in both categories constitute new records, We are particularly pleas- ed that the number of deposit ac- counts on the books of the bank. increased over 100,000 during the year and now exceed 2,100,000." Mr, Atkinson reported profits for the year had increased $1,137,926 although this had been somewhat more than counterbalanced by in- sreased taxes. After providing for taxes, depreciation and dividends, including an additional dividend of $700,000 (at the rate of 20c¢ per share) the bank transferred two million dollars to the Reserve I'und and carried forward £1,026, 153. ' The bank's programme of im- provement to branches; which has gone on steadiy since the end of the war, continued during the year to provide the public and staff with modern, up-to-date facilities and surroundings. Branches in opera- tion on November 30th totalled 761, of which 62 were located in coun- tries outside of Canada. ROYAL BANK'S UNIQUE SERVICE Mr. Atkinson noted that Canada is today one of the foremost trad- ing nations of the world and he paid a tribute to the Government departments responsible for de- 2 veloping new markets for Cana- dian producers. Without world- wide banking facilities, Lowever, Canadian traders 'would be serious- ly handicapped, he said. The Royal Bank of Canada was in a unique position to provide such service because of its 62 branches in the Caribbean area, Central and South America and-its direct representa- tion in London, England, New York and Paris. i "We have, of course, world-wide relations with correspondent banks in all countries where we have no branches and from these sources obtain information and reports on conditions and commercial régula- tions which are of inestimable value to our trading clients" said Mr. Atkinson, "but based on over SO years of operations abroad and wide experience in foreign fields, we are firmly convinced there is no really adequate substitute in any business for direct representa- tion by the organization. itself, Ex- perience with trading customs and intimate knowledge of local prac- tices in the many countries where we operate, coupled with the close liaison which exists between our representatives abroad, both direct and correspondent, and our Head Office Foreign™ Departments, places us in a position which enabl- es our bank to provide facilities for clients and others directly in- terested in international trade which otherwise. would not be available. PRAISE FOR STAFF "It is always a pleasure to con- clude my remarks to you with an enthusjastic tribute to the members of our staff. The success of any company or institution must of necessity bear a direct relafion to the degree of efficiency of its per- sonnel but this is particularly true of a bank where the things we sell are service and friendliness. The friendly approach is traditional with our staff and service beyond the call of duty is the rule rather than the exception. The staff of the bank numbers 12,400, in addi- tion to which we employ approxi- mately 1,200 people in other ca- pacities, or a total of over 13,600. Their loyalty to and enthusiasm for the bank are most heartening to the Exccutive and it is proven daily by the reports we receive in Head Office from clients across the country, The gratifying report be- fore you today is a logical outcome of this fine service and to the staff I wish to say a sincere "thanks" on behalf of tle management as well as the shareholders. \What- ever may be in store in the year just begining, 1 am confident the staff will micet the situation with clficiency, loyalty and enthusiasm. * future will deny that, given time, all these difficulties of our economic development" will be triumphantly overcome, "If we Canadians will beconie fired with pride of country -- he- come fully conscious of our trem- endous "material endowment "face our task with imagination, init a- tive and courage, and apply hard work; we can make the next few decades by far the greatest age "No one with faith in Canada's yet in Canada's economic history.' Says Popeye Wrong About 'Spinach * Whenever you dish up' Junior's spinach, feeling proud of the good you're doing him; and whenever he eats it to be like Popeye « ., you're both living in a fool's paradise, The stuff is useless for strength, Dr. Charles Hill, a junior mini. ster- in the British Food Ministry, ~ has told the Royal Society of Arts in London: : "There's no scientific reason why spinach should give anyone, even Popeye, strength." The doctor said spinach contains not only iron but oxalic acd which, it is. thought, probably combines with the iron and prevents it being absorbed' by the body. / Acoli cen é: te porod when a boy refuses to believe that some day he'll be as dumb as his father, To oe ny ei