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Sere A 2 3% Can oR oS ae EE oye aE Sco oe Aw. 4 a NE A Rr en Si - hae = "| TR, a he any Ca, Nays RA ES i re NOE ls i, -- 'Lloyd's of London'-- How It Started Matthew W. Drysdale, Chairman ol Lloyd's, recently told radio Hs- teners about the beginnings of this great concern, known throughout the world in connection with British shipping and British insurance. Lloyd's is one of the most famous of British institutions, the oldest place of insurance in.the world and the centre which receives all ship- ping news and distributes it all over the globe. It has more than 2,600 underwriting members, each with the right of signing a Lloyd's in- surance policy, A great deal of Lloyd's business is insurance against fire and accident, but this has only been contracted within the last sixty years, whereas the mar- ine insurance is very old. It began in 1688 and owes its birth, by a freak of chance, to the introduction of coffee into Britain. Coffee, brought in about the middle of the seventeenth century very quickly became extremely populag. Little shops were opened in many parts of London and people dropped in to the first cafes to sample the new and attractive drink. One of the people who launched out in this lucrative business was Edward Lloyd, who lived in the eastern part of the City of London, near the Tower and docks. Now London in the seventeenth century was not very big, and Lloyd's shop on its eastern boundary was con- veniently close to the shipping that came up the Thames to unload its merchandise and fill up with new cargoes. Captains coming ashore passed Lloyd's coffee house on their way into London and naturally called in for a drink, In this way Lloyd collected his clientele; his coffee house was thick with talk of ships and shipping, of wrecks, adventures, strange cargoes and foreign markets; before long there was more news of the sea and ships in Lloyd's than anywhere else in London, possibly any other place in the world with the excep- tion of Holland. A place so full of up-to-date news of ships and for- eign trade was a good meeting ground for shipowners, merchants and marine underwriters. It was additionally convenient for an owner who went to Lloyd's for news of his ships if somebody there eould insure him against all sea- going perils, Underwriters who for- merly did their business in the Ex- change began to go to Lloyd's. It was greatly to their advantage, for they got news that was of great value in their business and always found there men with ships and car- goes to insure. Brokers given insur- ance to place had to go round the city to find men prepared to under- write the risk on appropriate terms and at appropriate rates, There was no recognized place to find the underwriters and the brokers spent the greater part of their day in scurrying from one coffeé¢ house to another in search of underwriters who would take part of the risk. When underwriters began to con- gregate at Lloyd's the brokers' task became progressively easier. Mr, Lloyd, by opening his shop where he did, collected and centralised there the marine insurance market of London; lis coffee house was destined, though he did not know it, to become the greatest marine in- surance market in the world. Lloyd's grew, developed and moved several times until it séttled in the Royal Exchange for some one hundred and fifty years. Twenty years ago it moved. again to a magnificent building in Leadenhall Street. "But the thing that," more than anything else, makes Lloyd's ~ men proud to be members of the society," said Mr. Drysdale, "is that the whole history of the place is the history of honourable dealing, private adventure and private en- terprise. Nobody planned us or di- rected us or told us what to do. We took our fate in our hands, rickéd our own money, bore our own losses and achieved our own successes," Slightly Mixed It was his first spcecli,; and he wanted" it to be a success. His oration was long and passionate, and he wished to end it with a warning. He could have couched his warn- ing in the old proverb about locking the stable door after the horse had been stolen, but that was too com- complace. He wanted somethin better, Then he shouted: "Don't, beg you--don't wait until the house takes fire before you summon the firemen." L100 rats. t's be honest, kids, let's face It, mmer hasn't been so hot. Pishing, swimming, boating, loafing, Picnics, baseball---all that rot. Sharpen up those brains and 4 Wait with joy the teacher's bidding. Let's forget that dreary August; Meet the joys of gay September. ~- - » | Ge Give three cheers tor... well, for. . Aw, Who in heck do we think we're kidding? THE Probably the only man that ever made money out of rats was the Fo Xo wrote that thing about Pie-eyed Piper of Hamilton," or whatever it was; and the rates paid - for poetry being what they were, and are, we doubt if his take was great, at that. a * * * But to most of us, rats are just an ever-present pest, although most of us don't realize just how much destruction they actually do. Any- way, I'm not going to apologize for reminding you about this menace once again, or for handing along these four steps which, if carefully followed, should be a big help in ridding your farm of rats. * * 0% FIRST--Clean up. Get rid of all trash, lumber, posts and so forth which make nesting and hiding places for the rats. Pile posts: in racks at least a foot off the ground. * * * SECOND -- Pre-bait. Set out weighed portions of wunpoisoned bait for a few nights. (Ground horse meat is good for this purpose). This will show you about how many rats you are harboring. One pound of bait makes a night's -meal for * * JR > THIRD--Poison. Mix red squill or antu with the same amount of meat the rats cleaned up the pre- vious night. Lock up all live stock and pets! Put your poisoned bait on short lengths of board, as this makes the uneaten bait easy to pick up in the morning. V-shaped board covers placed over the bait will protect your live stock from getting at the bait, if any of your animals should happen to be run- ning loose before the bait is picked up * * * FOURTH--Rat-proof your build- ings. Repair and patch all old holes in foundations and sills. Line door jambs, sills and door bottoms with sheet. metal. Put metal collars around all pipes and wires by which rats may enter your buildings, If you have corn cribs, line them with hardware cloth topped by strips of sheet metal. * * * 80 there you have it; and even if jt sounds Hke a heap of bother, take ft from those who know, you'll find #t time and: labor extra well spent. * * * Now, with cold weather just around the corner (we seem to be wet full of happy thoughts today!) might not be amiss to pass along some expert information about an- other most important matter, name: ly, your chimneys. For even the best in home heat- ing equipment will perform in ratio to the effective structural design and capacity of the chimney or vent pipd to which it is connected. For a chimney or vent pipe is, first snd foremost, a venting device which is supposed to carry the waste products of combustion to the outdoors, and nothing, either decorative or structural, should be in dry weather. % * FARM FRONT ohn Russell | rare) © incorporated ina chimney design which will prevent it, to the slight- ost degree, from performing this function. . EA * * * Poor chimney construction is one of the ohief causes of all home fires, It is vitally important to the home owner that no combustible material be in contact There are definite specifications for the clearance between smoke pipes and vent pipes and near-by com- bustible material such as joists, wood lath, plaster and wooden par- titions. ! * * * All such surfaces ought to be adequately protected with fireproof material. It's the cheapest form of fire insurance you can find. (Still, this doesn't 'mean that you should. neglect to carry fire insurance as well--enough to cover you, and at present-day replacement prices). J * * * In certain areas where soft coal is burned for home heating, chim- neys and smoke pipes are bound to accumulate a layer of soot, so it is necessary to have such chimneys cleaned out regularly. Otherwise, chimneys will "burn out" -- the soot will catch fire: -- and scatter- ing sparks from such blazes can ignite combustible roofs, especially * * Besides that, if wooden members of your house framing happen to be touching a chimney, internal fires can. result from a flash fire in a - chimney. * * * Make certain that a short, direct and well-supported pipe connects your furnace with the chimney. This will do away with a collection chamber for soot. Sections of the smoke pipe should be fitted to- gether with metal screws, not merely shoved into place, and the smoke pipe should be securely hun from the overhead joists with metal" straps,-also cemented into the flue opening of the chimney and so bullt , that it can withstand any "puff- back." DOES INDIGESTION WALLOP YOU | BELOW THE BELT? Help Your Forgotten "28" Por The Kind Of Relief That Helps Make You Rarin' To Go More { ole a Bath Zl fn Boel on Jd that eation trike vor ND hi A yA may ned is { latte | 7] 1 to, dire needed bosib orgotier Take one Carter's Little Liver Pill betore and one after meals, Take them ditcations. They help wake up a ow of the 8 main d restive ju) yi our AND bowels = fielp you digest what you have taren in Naturc's own vay Then most fe 1ks ret 1h¢ kind of tha maker you feel Letter from your he 1 J ren Guat be sure yon get the genul ors [ite Liver Pills trom ihr eens GL with a chimney, . All These Things 'Come From Fish Hair clasps and jewelry, gelatine and glue, lubricating oil and leather softener, soap and cooking fats-- all from remains that were once thrown away. It sounds like a fish story, and so it is. The "poor fish" is poor no longer. He is contribut- ing to our comfort and health. in many spectacular ways." Codfish livers started it. It was found that oil extracted from these contained deposits of Vitamin A, which strengthens our resistance to disease. But codfish did not hold the monopoly. Halibut, swordfish, sturgeon and albacore also had vita- min-rich livers. The fortunes that were made by processing fish livers and market- ing' the oil, prompted industrialists to take a closer look at the fish to see if anything else besides its flesh and oil could be turned to account, They took a tip from the Chinese and began to manufacture a tasty soup from the fins of the shark. Then somebody discovered how to make glue from fish skins, a process which has been so much improved that today a ton of fish skins yields 60 gallons of liqui ghue. v Quite apart from the oil in fish liver, it was found 'that sharks, her- rings, sardines, salmon and mack- erel all provide an oil which is now used in the manufacture of paints, in tempering steel, in making lower grade soaps, and in the tanning industry to make leather more plia- ble for gloves and handbags. Guanine, a substance obtained from fish, is processed into the lovely pearl essence used by mak-- ers of artificial jewelry. From the air bladder of such as the sturgeon, carp, catfish and cod, isinglass is obtained. This is used in making jellies, imparting gloss to silk ribbon, and for making cer- tain glues and plasters. It is highly valued by brewers and wine manu- facturers because is clarifies their brews and vintages. : Enterprising one-man firms are fashioning trinkets and ornaments from the peculiarly shaped bones in some fishes' heads. He Knew The wedding presenfs were on view. Displayed in a prominent position was a cheque for $10,000, |: the gift of the bride's father, "I say, who is that chap laughing at your father's cheque?" exclaimed the bridegroom, feeling annoyed. "Oh, that's his bank manager!" said the bride. ISSUE 387 -- 1949 by RT: > Now swimming meets--unless they happen to include Esther Will- jams in Technicolor--are a type of sports event which we can either take or leave alone, principally the latter. We recall sitting about half- way through one such meet, many years ago, and then announcing that we were going to ask for our money back on the grounds that not a single record had been broken, * * * (We only desisted from making this laudable attempt when some- 'body remineded us that, as we had come in on a "skull," it mightn't be quite ethical to demand the return of our admission fee, But if you get the point we are trying to make, swimming records are a dime a dozen or thereabouts, and it is a very unusual meet that doesn't see several of them broken.) * * * But this 21-year-old Hironoskin Furuhashi seems to be something really out of this world; and he fair- ly knocked the folks out in Los Angeles, where they take their swimming very seriously indeed, for a whole series of loops with the way he churned up the water recently. * E * When word came out of Japan as to some of the®things Hiro - - « = shucks, let's just make'it H. F. and let it go at that--was supposed to have been doing, it raised peals of scornful laughter among prominent U.S. swimming coaches, who think that they wrote the entire book so far as the natatorial pastime is con- cerned. But they soon changed their tune when they saw the young Nip really go to work. - * * * Here, in a couple of nutshells, is what H, F. showed the folks. He - started off by doing the 1500 meters in 18:19--just 39.8 seconds lower than the former mark made 11 years ago. Then, in the 400 meters, he hit 4:33.3 which is just. 1.9 sec- onds faster than Alex Jany's record" made in 1947, * * * - That same evening that he broke the 400 meter mark he anchored his Tokyo Swim Club team to victory in the 800 meter free-style relay in 8:54.4--which is six-tenths of a sec- ond faster than the mark the folks south of 'the border made such a fuss about when the United States Olympic Team set it last year. * * * Not satisfied with that, he topped things off with a 9:35.5 in the 800 meters, which lopped 15.4 seconds from Bill Smith's record, which had stood for 8 years. * ~ * * For those of you who may be in- terested in the style he used,' H.F., and the rest of his Japanese team- mates swam with_a very choppy, short arm stroke with a revolution- ary four-beat, instead "of the cus- tomary six-beat, kick for every two strokes. On the last two strokes the Nips rest their legs. * * El . Furuhashi carries this new style to its zenith. His arms rotate like a churn, apparently without pause, and he obtains maximum power from extra-strong back muscles. That, according to the experts, is the big difference befween Japanese swimming and what we are accus- tomed to on this side of the Pacific. The Japs use their backs, while our lads and lasses are trained to use mostly the arms and shoulders, - * * * But, just in case some of you are thinking of going and changing | your own style overnight, and set- ting out to bust a flock of records on your own, here's the catch. It takes training--real, gruelling train- ing--to make a swimmer such as Hiro-whoo-zit, He swimming as most Japanese kids do, when he started public school. And by the time he was eleven--that's ten years ago--in an all-Japan com- petition he set records which are - still standing. * he Personally, we think an outhoard - motor is a whole lot less work; and even speedier, if it doesn't act up and refuse to start, . REID'S HOUSEHOLD INSECT POWDER A sure killer] Me Op hg rE Ldeal for kiteban, path, cot. i ver, ris REI €=D At all Ri commenced - AGENTS WANTED OILS, GREASES TIRES Insecticides, Electric Fence (ontroliers House and Barn Paint are wanted Roo! Coatings. ete Dealers Write Waree Grease & OV Limited, Toronto BABY CHICKS FREE RANGE PULLETS 10 weeks to laying, pure breeds and cross breeds. Also day old chicks available the year 'round. Free cata. logue. Tweddle Chick Hatcheries Limited, Fergus, Ontario. DYEING AND CLEANING HAVE YOU anything oceds dyeing or clean glad to answer your questions H, Write to us for Information We are Department Parker's-Dye Works Limited 78) Yonge tng? Street." Toronto. Ontario FARMS FOH BALE 80 ACRES--Good ville. land, location, bulldings Lovely located home edge Kempt 3,000 3 trees and 4 acres $7,600. Nice lawn. A good choice In all size farms--Write Re quirements. ville, Ontarlo. Charles Pelton. Realtor. Kempt: vertising HELP WANTED REGISTERED NURSES and Certified Nurses Assistants required for Lady Minto Hos pital, Chapleau, Ontario. Apply Superin- tendent. SALESMEN calling on truck dealers, garages, general -stores, contractors and oll com- panies. R. ST, GERMAIN, 6568 St. Lawrence, Montreal, P.Q. MEDICA) DON'T DELAY; Every sufferer of Rheumatie Pains or Neuritis should try Dixon's Re- medy. Munro's Drug Store, 335 Elgin, Ottawa. Postpald $1.00. Ter 4 Tabl { lo TAKE C.C. & B. Tonle 'ablets for Ww vitality, nervous and general debility. @0e and $1.00 at druggists. PROVEN REMEDY --Every sufferer of Rheu- matic Pains or Neuritis should try Dixon's Remedy, Munro's Drug Store, 335 Elgin, Ot- tawa. Postpald $1.00. PATENTS FETHERSTONHAUGH & Company Patent Solicitors Established 1890 350 Bay Street, roronto Booklet of Information on request. --. SL ep "FOR BALE OPPORTUNITIES for MIEN and WOMEN ALUMINUM ROOFING & SIDING Cross-Crimped Corrugated and ribbed styles stock. Distributors Limited. 600 Cherry Bt to 10 ft lengths Immediate delivery from Write for samples and estimates Btee) Toronto --_---- ee -------------- GIFTS china babywear and library. Living quarters. How rent lease Good turnover. 2628 Main, Vancouver. GENERAL store and 1-roomed apartment combined. Meats, ice cream, tearoom, flour. escent lighting, Kelvinator refrigerator, very profitable turnover, priced rigpt for quick sale $6,600, Store. Coe FHI! A for the Fancler; 60 miles from Peterboro. Leonard's HOUNDS AFIELD monthly magazine of Hounds and Hunting-- sportsman, Hunter, Breeder and Features all the hound breeds-- hunting and shooting--Field Trials and Shows --Exclusive articles, ye. {llustrated. $2.26 per ar. 3 sen HOUNDS AFIELD, ORTON, ONTARIO, BATH tubs, also Installed. Galvanized pipe, tollets, washbasins, sinks, fur- naces, boilers, water pressure systems sold, } inch - 18c ft., % inch - 18c ft. Articles sent everywhere. Write for prices. 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Poole, | for contacts to Norman 8, Watt, 84 Yp 53 Alma, St. Thomas, Ontarlo. Rd,, Toronto. HAY PRESSES FAMOUS Moody "Steel Queen" Presses avail. able for prompt delivery, mounted on rub- ber tires, also potato diggers. Write for free circulars. MATTHEW MOODY & SONS, Com- pany, Terrebonne, Quebec, ASBESTOS SHINGLES & SIDING MILL SECONDS' Shingles, Siding and Roof- ing Papers. Bend for our price lists. David W. Armstrong, 129 Van Horne Ave., Montreal 4 14. RECONDITIONED TRACTORS--Y Massey- Harris '101 Supers' on rubber; 1 M.H. Pfemaker on steel; 1 10-20 International on rubber; 1 used 10-20 on steel; also 1 slightly used 6 H.P. Empire Garden Tractor with im- plements. Priced to sell. See these at 87 Yonge Street. Richmond Hill, Harold W. Mortson, Massey-Harrls Dealer, Telephone 98, FOR SALE--Used Buckeye Incubators in ead Tweddle Chick to choose from. Limitco, EN condition--several models Hatcheries Ontario. 18-28 Oliver Hgrt Parr Tractor on rubber. THORNTON, Brampton RI. good as new. GORDON Phone Victoria Mechanically r 21. FOR SALE Me A Ford sixteen passenger hoo! bus. Nichol Point, Ont. and Pelton, Young's -/ RESERVE now for ideal-~Autumn PLANTS FOR SALE lanting] Chinese Elm Hedge--12 inches to 20 inches high when shipped--will grow 2 feet the first year--25 plants for $2.98--sufficlent for 26 feet. Glant Exhibition Flowering Paeonies in colours red, Brookdale-Kingsway Nurseries, white or pink -- 8 for $1.89, Bowmanville, Ontario. CORNELL WHEAT 595 GOVERNMENT tested 95% germinhtion in 7 days. Cleaned, treated, No. 1 grade, '| bagged, $2.50 bu. Wynyates Farms, 1200 Bay Street, Toronto. HEL) WANTED qualifications, age, pected, eté., to Secretary-Treasurer, Municipal Hgspital, Eckville, Alberta. MATRON wanted fdr 18-bed, modern hospital, Alberta. 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