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af Irie police stations "for is 3 * wood replaces metal, -- Germans Call Up '50-60 Age Group The Germaus have called men B50 to 60 years old for military service--a drastic step which ap- parently is" a consequence of Italy's surrender, The German press carried the announcement that all men born in the period from 1884 to 1898 must report to. their district enlistment during the latter part of Septem- ber. Hitler has to find replacements for Italian units stationed in the Balkans and France. The callup represents the most extreme combing of the man. power Of Germany to keep the ranks of the army filled and all posts in the Germans' so-called "European fortress" manned, HELLO, THERE This "none other of a patrol "bomber, final assembly line, jovial-faced monster is than the front end Martin PBM-3 Mariner pictured on the Canada's Exchange Position-With U. S. Some time ago it was said that 'Canada's exchange position with the United States was better, whereupon people asked: "Why can't the Foreign Exchange Con- trol Board now give us a few dollars to go to the United States?" One answer, and perhaps a sufs ficient one, is the latest figutes on Canada's external trade, says The Ottawa Journal. What those figures show is that while our -exchange balances on the whole are good (we have a huge eredit against Britdin), we are still very much on the. wrong side in the case of the United States. The - United States balance against us, in fact, is $200,000,000. That is a lot of money; a debt 'we must pay; and-so long as the Foreign Exchange Control Board musb--get 'American dollars "with which to. pay the debt, it can't be providing American dollars to any of us who want to see Broad- way's latest shows, or to stop on Fifth Avenue, or, bask in the sun. . shine of California or Florida. To. some of us the thing may seem hard; but there are a lot of harder things in the fighting of a "war such as this one. TOY SOLDIER Lack of materials hasn't stump- Christmas _toymakers-- and war- inspired toys and games hold the . spotlight of popularity. A young- "ster 'tries out-a wooden herp; lar tread' tank. ed the Monty Lets Other _ Fellow Do Guessing Bernard L. Montgomery isn't venturing a guess when the war will be over. : "I 'expect you correspondents to tell me things like that," the gen: eral sald recently, and thereupon asked: "when?" A correspondent speculated that 'the war In Europe would end in the spring. '"But when in the spring?" the © général asked. "March." "When in March?" "March 156." "Hmm," said Montgomery. "Hmm, March 15." But his cool grey eyes offered nelther contitmation nor denfal! © 5%, % WAT) 4. wid Te SAS FE hy dai AR eh SHE oh 4 i a SIAL a. Ee THE WAR . WEEK -- Commentary on Current Events Portugal Grants Anti-Submarine Bases In Azores To Great Britain <The announcement that Portu. gal has granted Great Britain antl-submarine bases in the Azores 1s a development not only of im- mense immediate advantage to .the Allles but one which carries po- litical and strategic {implications ot world-wide significance, says The New York Times. The im- mediate advantage lies in the fact that this move deals what may prove to be a knockout blow against 'the German submarine, the last weapon on which Hitler still relies. Protection For Convoys For the new "anti-submarine bases" in the Azores include both harbor and airfield facilites which will permit the statloning ot Bri -tish naval and air forces--and, possibly through reverse lend- lease, of American forces as well --at an approximate midway point on the sea lanes: between New- foundland on the one side and England' and North Africa on the other. This should permit the routing of Atlantic convoys in such manner that they will be at all times under the protection not only of Allied naval forces but also of a continuous air patrol, which has proved to be the most, deadly destroyer of the U-boat' packs. It shquld provide the greatest possible security for the Allied communication lines .-and in' doing so further facilitate the opening of _another front in Europe. oo Germany's Reaction The further effects of this Portu- guese move will depend largely on Germany's reaction to it. Portu- gal acted in conformity with her 570-year-old alliance with Great Britain, which pledged both. na- tions to be "friends to frlends, en- emies to enemies, and to 'uphold each other mutually by land and by sea against all men that may live or die." At the same time, in agree- ment with Great Britain, Portugal will continue to maintain neu- trality "on the European Contlin- ent." Berlin's first pronounce- ments are dictated by caution, but Hitler has never yet taken a re- verse like this lying down, and Portugal - is' preparing for all eventualities. i Allied Diplomacy Triumphs This raises Interesting possibl- litles. For, barring some hit and run _ attacks by submarines, -Ger- many has no way of getting at Portugal except through Spain. And' Spain and Portugal are oblig- ated by what amounts to a mutual assistance paét to ald each other in case of attack by a: third Power. Spain was Informed of the negotl- ations preceding Portugal's action and raised no objections. Spain herself has switched from a pro- Axis "non-belligerency" to a vigil ant neutrality," and if Germany should attempt to attack Portugal through her she would be obligated to fight against Germany. There - arises, therefore, the possibility of a new front in Europe in quite a different place than_anticipated heretofore. Even aside from such a development, the Portuguese move 'world have heen fmpossible without Spain's new orientation, and this new orientation and the résult it has produced mark a new Allied diplomacy. May End Neutrality In one respect, of course, the Portuguese move Is another in- ~ dicatlon of how far the balance be. -Judged. in in of power has swung in favor of the Allles, But it would be foolish to assume that Portugal and Spain are merely hopping on thé Allled bandwagon. Certainly Portugal and possibly Spain are exposing themselves to a risk which must resources. nd Portugal for one * has declared that she is assuming "interest. this risk because "our dignity and our interests may require that we end our neutrality." Example To Little Nations In that respect Portugal is set- ting an example for other "little" nations, notably Turkey and Ire- land." But the Portuguese move has also set a legal precedent of considerable bearing. -on the British alllances with Russia and Turkey. Turkey td neutral in the entire war and Russia in the war in Asla, but both have bases much desired by the Allies in both theatres of war, Whether and when they will:follow Portugal's example must be.left for them to decide. Contrary to Hitler's practice, Great Britain did not press Portu- gal to yleld the bases until the time was ripe for it and the step was clearly In Portugal's own It may be axpected 'that.a like. policy will be pursued in other cases. But as far as the Allies are "concerned any legal doubts about. the propriety of a Russian grant of Siberian bases in view of her neutrality pact with | Japan, for Instance, have now boen dissipated, Attack On The Tirpitz It takes brave mén to carry out what the British Admiralty elects [to call Sa very gallant enterprise." ' None braver have come out of this - "Tirpits. They had to proportion, to. their | war than the crews that piloted thelr midget submarines down Alten Fjord to torpedo that glant thread thelr way through a fifty-mile gauntlet of floating ice and hid. den fire before they could even loose thelr weapons. But because, their nerves were steady and 'their sight sure the pride of the German Navy now lies crippled in a slick ot her own oll These midget submarines are not supposed to have an oper ational range of more than 300 miles, As the British ships were cruising more than a -thousand miles from home bases, presumb- ably they were transported part way to thelr destination in some manner. With the Tirpitz as their first victim they will certainly raise the hazard ot all ships anch- ored in supposedly safe harbors, For the Germans the Tirpltz may represent an irreplaceable loss. She was the one ship which could lead a fleet against our naval power with any hope of success. Retitting her in Alten Fjord should "full-time in war factories. OTTAWA REPORTS That 150,000 Farm Workers Are Needed for Essential In« dustries During Off.Season In past years, farm workers have worked during the fall and winter months at the cutting of wood fuel, in coal mines, in base metal mines and in fish-packing industries. This year their help is more urgently needed, not only in these industries, but in other essential industries. The war has caused a shortage of the manpower usually avail- able for such work--the workers have goné-to fight or to work Other important industries have also suffered through a shortage of . manpower and they, too, are looking to the man on the land to come to their aid. Farm producdon still retains its priority place, however. Farm- ers are expected to remain with their farms as long as they are needed and these who must re- main on the land for year-round work are not being called upon to leave it. In an endeavor to use every prove a difficult task. Until she can fight again the German High Seas Fleet will probably remain in hiding. = available working man where most needed and especially to ensure that urgently needed fuel weod is brought in, the Director of National Selective Service has announced a campaign to secure the services of those farmers who can be spared during the next few months Agreements be- tween the Dominion and the Provinces for farm labor recruit. ment provide that Provincial Field organizations will assist the Dominion in locating farmers for other essential industries dur- ing their off-season. All the Pro- vincial organizations have agreed to co-operate . with Selective Service in the present campaign, In addition, several hundred local Farm Preduction committees, or- ganized by tho Provinces, have undertaken to give their assist. ance in securing the farm labor. Altogether more than 150,000 farmers are being sought for essential ~ industries throughout Canada, It has been pointed out by the Department of Labor that work- ers in agriculture who have secured postponement. of military training through their occupa- tion, will be allowed to continue with their postponement if they accept approved essential em- ployment during the slack sea. -son. So far this shifting of labor . "The to where it is urgently needed has yielded valuable results. In one instance this year, the moving of 4,000 Ontario farmers to the prairies for four or five weeks meant that the full-harvest labor requirements of the Prairie Prov- inces were met and the Western crops were saved. Minister of Labor Mitchell in announcing that any of these men who now wished to return to Ontario from Manitoba or Saskatchewan could do so, said, response - of the Ontario farmers was excellent. Our in- formation is that all of the West- ern crop will be saved, with none _being lost by reason of any labor shortage." With the harvest now safely garnered, the next urgent need is preparation for the winter months, and Canada is depending on her farmers to help bring in the fuel. KILLING THE BUDWORM The budworm Is a little creature and can easily bE killed it the proper means is found. Unchecked {t- can destroy forests. Mankind, which has already In many in- stances set one of nature's crea. tures to the job of destroying an- other, has yet to find and put the enemy of the budworm to work. --Port Arthur News-Chronlcle. * Eighth Gormaiis .Must Not Be Underestimated Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgom- ery, commander of the British Jighth Army, in an interview warne not b& underestimated and said that it was a great mistake for anyone to do so. Montgomery, whose Eighth * Army marched approximately 100° miles in the first seven days of the invasion of Ifaly, cautioned against attaching decisive import- ance to the Italian armistice in considering the factors in the present Allied campaign on this peninsula, "The Italians ceased to be a fighting factor by the end of July when we were still engaged in Sicily," he. said. He said the Germans were con- ducting a skilful withdrawal from the southern extremity of Italy, making continual use of demoli- tions and mines, and that the Eighth Army had been hiking on 'foot in pursuit, "The Germans facing the Army are experienced, well-trained troops and have been conducting a fighting retreat, The Germans can't be underestimated. It's a great mistake to do so," he declared. "WHAT A sHor "Tes quiet in here. Guess I'll sit and think awhile. Lord - how he loved those skates. And\what a wonder he was on 'em! "Guess being good with a hockey stick must have come in handy to him, learning how to handle a bayonet properly. He was ie asa Sock a shot the kid had! "It's a pity wars can't be fought by us older ones, with most of our living behind us. But it seems only kids can take it... . kids with fire in their veins and springs for s muscles and steel for bones . . . like Johnny, - REGRET 70 INFORM YOU wii + YOUR Son SERIOUSLY WOUNDED "THE #10 a0!" LERNER Sh HT fii ors THE HOUSE EY TA BE ASSUALD HE Bes IS RECEIVING copra BEST MEDICAL A TEN 1" 10 FPN 3 ORT : ITED _"Oh, Johnay, come. wy Again! Cine home runningy" shouting, tdamping in and out of the house with muddy % feet and clothes awry. Come home, Johany, shouting, laughing, heedless, turning the house topsy turvy in your endless quests for lost sweaters and misplaced ITE, RA ATE A ee 3 10 RELIEVE YOUR ANXIETY = a S00 AS POSSIBLE... LETTER FoLcovs. J" em mittens, But come home to us, Jobany, come home . .. RBH re OF SEAGRAM aod : 7 hs re we Rh 5 A Gis "If prayers will do it, you'll be back, Johnny: But we're not stopping with prayers alone, boy. We're working for PEEL > it, buying with every last cent we can scrape together the Victory Bonds that put weapons in your hands and sound ships under you and good food in you and dress- ings and drugs to care for your wounds, "This is our pledge to you, lad: that when you sit again at our table and look into our eyes you'll know we did not fail you, that we gave everything we had, just as we gave you." that the Germans must