The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

* Hallowe'en - ---- oring. CRED H re 3 er ea ea ol Se Apples Linked With Hallowé'en sociated with Hallowe'en than: any other fruit or vegetable; in- with the the creation, When'Adam was ap- Eden and keep it (Genesis 11.15) the apple was fated to be of over- countries, particularly in Britain these times at Hallowe'en it still grains salt. on waxed paper until cool. used. Insert cloves to 'represent 'ating different "sions, No Other Fruit or Vegétable Is More Closely Associated 'With This Festival The apple is more closely as- deed, the apple is interwoven istory of mankind singe pointed to dress the Garden of whelming 'impértance to the whole human race. In this connection, the legend of the Apples of Para- dise figured in the lore of anci- ent Egypt more than 5,000 years ago. These apples were said to show in their lopsided shape the out- line where Eve had taken a gen- erous bite, In this Egyptian lore there was mention of other ap- ples, the apples of Istkahar, all sweethess on one side and bitter- ness on the other, a FROM PAGAN TIMES There are secial reasons why the apple is closely linked with Hallowe'en. In pagan times at the festival of Pomona, apples play- ed an important part and were distributed as 'gifts. Children went from house to house asking for Pomona apples in the same way as Canadian children solicit apples today. Po- mona was the Italian goddess of fruits, particularly apples (poma)\ and at her festival the ducking for apples in tubs of 'water' was a distinctive feature of the \cele- brations in the - homes. At' the - same time, the eve of the 81st of October, and the preceding days around the end of the month, were the occasions of harvest and other ceremonies in various and other countries under the sway of - the Druids. When Christianity was established and the 31st of October named as" All Hallows Eve or Hallowe'en as the vigil of Hallowmass, or All Saints Day, it was only natural that many of the pagan festivities which were in accordance with the Christian religion were ad- opted or continued in use by the Christianized pagans, particular- ly the merry indoor customs as- sociated with the apple, and in is the principal association in the festivities for the occasion. Apples, hot or cold, are always welcomed at Hallowe'en parties. Here are two recipes appropriate to. Hallowe'en:-- Taffy "Apples Two cups -sugar, 1 teaspoon cider 'vinegar, 1 cup water, a few Boil together until it cracks when dropped in cold water. Remove from fire and set over a pan of boiling water. Add a few drops of red vegetable col- Wash and pelish medium sized red apples. Insert a wood- en skewer in blossom end of each and dip 'apple in syrup, turning until well coated. Place Apple Faces 'Red or yellow apples' may - be eyes, a blanched almond for a nose, and cut a slit for thé nouth, - Children show originality .in cre- facial + expres- / Miss Florence Giles, of" was a passenger abroad the gov ernment when 'it returned from its anuu-. al trip to the Arctic, Miss 'Giles has spent four years at her post In 'the most isolated hospital in the émpire, and now plans to \ marry a Hudson's Bay Company sfficial whom she met at.the hos- pital, Back From' Arctic Toronto, ice-breaker Nascople PANY RTE PLY La the famous Gospel' Oak stead, 'Suffolk, Eng., is* ging} hands. It fs believed that in the seventh century, the 'Gespel 'was first preached ta 'the 'East Sax- ons under this tree, which is said to be 1,800 years old. 1,300 Years\Old For the first time in' 842 years at 'Pols- Saving Ontario's Natural Resources (No, 14) By G. C. TONER Ontario Federation of Anglers TWO VITAL LESSONS The conservation of Ontario's natural resources is a vital. mat- ter to the people of the Pro- vince but it is as well to remem- ber that other regions of the '¢ountry and the world have even more pressing problems caused by depletion. Professor 'P. B, Sears, an authority on land eros- ion, * speaking at Philadelphia, mentioned some of these prob- lems, Highly "developed civili- zations in all regions of the world have depleted their resources un- ~til in time the civilization itself disappeared. Floods in China, deserts in the lands around the Mediterranean, reversion to jun- gles of the central villages of Mexico: are in part traceable to bad management just as our western Dustbowl was caused by the rancher, the sod of the short grass prairie, GET TOGETHER ON IT An important point brought out by Professor Sears is the way in which separate small groups, attacking sectors of the conservation problem, are now coming together in a unified ef- fort to stop depletion and restore the countryside. The anglers were only concerned with restor- ing their fishing. Hunters want- ed more game. Foresters were protecting the woods and plant- ing the trees. But each group has found that the limits of their work passed over into other phases of conservation. Tha fishermen now realize that they cannot protect the fish unless they stop soil erosion and pollu- tion; the forester and hunter are finding that wild life and forests are linked together, These two lessons are import- ant to all naturalists and con- servationists, We must know the . history of other regions and of other times so that we can avoid their mistakes. - We 'must - unite our efforts; the farmer and the city dweller, the naturalist, the hunter and the angler, attack- ing depletion as a whole and re- storing the woods, the waters, the soil and the wildlife, if our eivi- lization is not to vanish as did Rome 'and Greece, Ships built of iron have been recorded. 'as lasting for nearly 100 years. © One built in 1848 and still in' use has engines dat- ing from 1869. VOICE OF THE CHECK-UP NEEDED _ "Most Canadians. would welcome & Parliamentary check-up at this crucial' time," opines the Financial Post. Any objections ?--St. Thomas Times-Journal, Oe BOTH EARS TO GROUND Premier Hepburn, as Ontario 'treasurer,' says there will be no new provincial taxes this year, He must have had BOTH ears to the ground this time, re --London Free Press. : --0 LONG ARM OF LAW Ontario has a lawyer as minister of health, and now it has another lawyer as minister of mines, Thus the law reaches everywhere and perhaps that is what is meant by the long arm of the law. --Toronto Star. --_0-- WE'RE HELPING JAPAN Wherefore prompt action 'at Ot- tawa 'seems to be demanded. It would be the height of foolishness. for Canada to continue to fééd Jap- an with material which might be used against her. --Owen Sound Sun-Times. --_--O-- "MIXED FARMING" IN WEST? "Why are you such {mprovident 'wheat miners," the Lethbridge 'Herald says that the East asks in effect of tho Western prairie farmers, "and why don't you 'ralse more stock and why generally don't 'you go in 'more for mixed! farm. ing?" The answer of the Leth. bridgé paper is that the Wlberta farmer, at any rate, 18 not merely not an exclusive wheat man' but that he actually, in' profiortion, rajges far more hogs than Ortarlo does, The relevant comparison Is that Alberta, with a population of ° 800,000, raised 1,371,000 hogs last year while Ontario, with a popula. "tion of 3,000,000, raised 1,997,000, The Lethbridgé Herald insists that it Is hasty assumption that Alberta "could relieve the present glut of Canadian wheat by feeding 100 million' 'bushels of wheat to 'hogs and raising 6,000,000 hogs. The tronble is that it 'would 'be just as hard for Canada to market 6,000,000 hogs As it {a for Canada to market 500° milion 'blishéls 'df whieat, Vancouver Province, nn Siu : " . Visitiniz eastern defence stations, Prime Minister King took th officers and men of Canttda's navy on their splendid work, YAY destroyer at anchor in an eastern port. > al b= e opportunity to congratulate the He is shown here inspecting the officers of a THE WAR-WEE K--Commentary on Current Events IS THE TIDE TURNING IN BATTLE OF BRITAIN? The coming winter will not sce the defeat of Great Britain, Sir Norman Angell, well-known English economist, declared ii an Inter view at Boston last weok. The de- struction caused by air raids on Great Britain during the winter, he felt, would be offzot by assistance from overseas -- from Canada, the United States, Australia and Indla. Britain Wins First Round That tho defending forces had won the first round. in the Battle of Britain® was becoming Increas- ingly evident last, week. The B. A. F., while maintaining mastery of the home skles was carrying the war with steadily mounting strength to enemy territory; the Royal Navy controlled the Channel and continued to enforce a strict blockade of Axis-held countries fronting on the North Sea, the At- lantic and the Mediterranean; the British" people were resisting the savage attacks of the Luftwaffe with magnificent spirit; North Am. erica was feeding Great Britain an endless stream of planes, am. munition and other war material. Even the Russians admitted that the British were more than hold- ing their own. Red Star, official organ of the Soviet Army, declared 'that Germany's alr offensive against Britaln had failed. The psper sald that not only were the British continuing to defend them- sélves but were able "effectively" 'to "carry the 'battle to Germany. - No Invasion Till Spring? Vincent Sheea world-famed I'torelgh correspondent who wrote "Pérsonal History," though frank in 'an opinion that Great Britain would have to have more help in war -materials, said that he belleved actdal ftivasion of England would not 'occur until spring and: that the people could withstand. the alr bar- rage. Reports of three separate invas- fon attempts by the Germans which had been beaten oft by the R.AF. appeared In all the newspapers last week. Featured most promin- "ently was the story of a big-at- tempt on Sept. 16th, tho day after Goering flew over London, Big Offensive Planned Talk of a coming "great offens- "ive" by the British was heard last week from Prime Minister Churc- hill. ahd three Cabinet Ministers, (Lord 'Lloyd, the Colonial Secret: ary,' A. Vi. Alexander, First Lord , 'ot 'the Admiralty, Afroraft Produc: tion' Minister Lord Beaverbrook). This rafsed questions in everyone's mind: Would the offensive come on -Jand, in the air, or by sea? Would It involve réconquering the "entire continent of Europe by fight: ing Hitler and the Naz{ war ma- chine off the map? Would it wait until France, Belgium, Holland, Norway, countries full of grave un- rest and widespread sabotage, turn- ed against their masters and tried to throw off the Nazi yoke? Would it begin with large-scale military operations in the Axis rear -- in the-eastern Mediterranean? Crisis Nears In Mediterranean Events appeared to be shaping that way in the Near East last week. A British diplomatic offens- ivo was suggested by the meeting In Istanbul of the British Ministers to Yugoslavia, Turkey and Bulgaria, considered as a prelude to forming a new Balkan bloc to stop an Axis drive southward; the London Times urged in an editorial that Britain seize CGreck naval bases and strengthen her position at tho en- emy's expense; the visit of British War Secretary Anthony Eden to the Near East, seen as part of an attempt to promote Egypt's inter. ventlon'in the conflict against Italy and create w Balkan-Arabic bloc against the Axis, obviously was worrying Germany and Italy. Turkey's Attitude Vital The crux of the Balkan-Medi- terranean situation lay in the at- titude of Turkey, and by reversion, to the attitude of the Boviet diplo- mats from. whom Turkish leaders apperred to bo taking thelr cue. The trend seomed unmistakably to be towards stiff resistance by Tur- koy to the demands of Germany and Italy, With Turkey in the war, Axis plans In the Mediterranean could very easlly go sour. Gibraltar and Dakar But Hitler, as we have all learn- ed by now, Is a master of the feint, With everyone's attention concen- trated on the eastern Medlterran- ean, he could hardly choose a bet- ter moment {n which to make & thrust through Spain (a whole Ger- | man division was reported to be poised there) to blitzkrieg Glbral- tar and close the door of the west: ern Mediterranean with the help of the Vichy government, once Franco -was persuaded to re-enter the war. Thence on to Dakar .. Col- onel- Frank Knox, Secretary of the U. 8S. Navy, envisioned such a pos- sibility when he declared last week that the fall of Gibraltar would be of "immeasurable" importance to the United States If it should re- sult in a German move down the west coast of Africa to the vicinity of Dakar, which is only 1,600 miles from American. shores, Japan Backing Down? The Far Eastern situation ap- peared to have quieted down some- what, Several high diplomats In Toklo, informants sald, told their home governments last: week that Japan's reaction to growing Brl- tish-American solidarity In the Far ; Bast indicated that the Japaneso felt they had lost the initiative In "the Pacific, at least for the time being, and would delay any plans they might have had for early wc- tlon in the Netherlands East Indies and elsewhere in Southeast Asia, At the same time, German agents all over tho' Bast were reported to be working to foment an open cash between Japan and Britain and the United States . , . and the Burma Road, China's lifeline, just re-opened by Britain, was bombed repeatedly. . , Gandhi's "Last Campaign" In India, the 72-year-old wizened Gandhi, leader of millions, fnaug- urated an Indian Nationalist dis- obedience campaign which he hop- ed would effect a reconciliation "not only between Britain and India but also between the warring na- - tions of the earth." (Reconciliation between Britain and India to come, In his eyes, only when the in- dependence of India is granted). Describing it as the "last campaign" of his life, Gandha stated that he did not expect it to result in his arrest, since the imprisonment of such a popular idol would emburr- ass the authorities. Election Race Hot On this side of the globe, the U. S. elections retained top position in the news. The race was getting hotter, the margin between Roose velt and Wilkie narrowing hourly, as the big day was only half-a-week away. For the first time, this col- umn considered the election of Willkie as a possibility worthy of serious consideration. Was- Presi- dent Roosevelt scared when he took tho stump for tho last rounds of the 1940 political battle? The contest to the south of us doubtless drew a great deal more attention than it was worth. The outcome could not matter very ma- terjully to Canada -- nor to Great 'Britain, since both candidates were pledged to give her all aid, short of war, Nevertheless the president. ial race was an exciting thing for anybody to watch, Toward the end of the week the Dominion was becoming more and more 'concerned with the business of Parliament just about to con- vene, prorogue and reconvene. All parties made ready to jump :into the debate on the address In reply to the Throne Speech . .. Defense Minister Ralston postponed a trip overseas, War Services Minister Gardiner hurrled back from Britain for the opening. Mr. Gardiner's' filling of the post of Minister of Agriculture, as well as the war Services Ministry, was viewed as unsatisfactory In many quarters of the Dominion, Farm conferences meeting In the west called for his removal, clting his fallure to do anything in the faco of the drastic wheat situation , , . When asked If Premier Godbout of Quebec might be named to suc- ceed Gardiner, Prime Minister King smiled last week, and did not com- mit himself. How Do You Cough? Nature intended the cough as a means of expelling copgestion from the breathing system, and there Is a right and a wrong way to cough, a medical authority tells us. The correct way is to fill the lungs with air, then sud- denly expel it, The air should be drawn through the nose, filling the stomach and then the chest. If it is admitted through the mouht, it is not pre-warmed, and may therefore contract the pass- age and drag the obstruction deeper into the lungs, To cough correctly, take a full, deep breath through the nose and then cough with great force. That this method is effective was demon- strated by a medical man who, with one correct effort, expelled a pea which had lodged in his lung. Some Clouds Are Nine Miles High Cirrus, Tiny Fleecy Clouds, Float at Average Height of 30,000 Feet Until the invention of the aero plane few people troubled their heads about clouds except In so far as they affected the weather. To- day they wre studied with the ut most care, their size, density, and helght, Cirrus, the tiny fleecy clouds seen only in fine weather and often known as mare's tails, float at an average height ot 30 000 feet. The greatest helght at which they bave ever been measur- ed Is 43,800 feet, THICKEST ONES ARE LOWEST The middle clouds, called cirro- cumulis, move at heights between 10,000 and 23,000 feet, while the lower and heavier clouds are us. ually between 3,000 and 7,000 feet, " The thickest clouds are the great cumulus or thunder clouds, which usually have a flattish basg and towering, mountain-like summits, The lower part of such a cloud may be only 4,000 feet above earth's surface, but the top is 16,000. feet, giving a thickness of about two and a half miles. Rain cloud hangs low, its average height above the sea being only a couple of thous. and feet! The height of clouds is essily obtained by means of photo- graphy, two cameras being used at once, New Car Markers Ready December' 1 Production of Ontario motor markers for 1941 is being slight- ly delayed due to a shortage of sheet metal, officials of the pro- vincial + sccretary's department said last week, The markers, however, will be ready for issu- ance about December 1, or be- fore. Steel mills are giving priority to war orders, resulting in the work at the Ontario Reformatory being delayed, but officials said there will be sufficient material to complete the markers on time. The longest period of world peace since the beginning of the eighteenth century was the thirty-nine years following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. C.N.RAILWAY REVENUES 7 SHOW BIG INCREASE In First Nine Months of 1940 of $21,315,962, Net, Over The Corresponding Period Last Year Net revenue of $3,927,467 for the month of September and of $27,968,316 for the nine months period, January to September inclusive is shown in the monthly statement of operating revenues, operating ex- penses and net revenues of the Canadian' National Railways all-inclusive system issued at headquarters last weck. Operating revenues in September of this year were $21,119,220 and operating expenses $17,191,753. For the nine montlis of the present year, operating revenues were $178,415,991, an increase of $36,170,064 over. the corresponding period of last year. Operating expenses up to September 30 of this year were $150,447,675, an increase of $14,854,092 over the similar period of 19349. period of last year, The summaries follow: The net revenue of $27,068,316 for the first nine months of 1040 represents an increase of $21,315,962 over the corresponding Month of September " Increase oe 1940 1939 Decrease Operating Revenues § 21,119,220 § 22,645,308 Decrease $ 1,626,083 Operating Expenses 17,191,753 16,340,661 Increase 861,002 Net Revenue $3,927,467 § 6,304,642 Decrease $ 2,377,175 Aggregate to Scptember 30 Operating Revenues $178,415,991 $£142,245,937 Increase $36,170,051 Operating Expenses 150,447,675 135,593,583 Increase 14,854,002 Net Revenue § 27,968,316 § 6,652,354 Increase $21,315,962 LIFE'S LIKE THAT 7 By Fred Neher ty \ NN A 3 A ' 2 ges 188, 67 Fred Weber) } "Let's put it this way, then .. ..Make believe. we're sitting in the park--up jumps a goblin, an' you're scared!" . 3 ud By GENE BYRNES MY* POP J08' HY A PAIR REG"LAR FELLERS -- 100% 14-Carat ; | owAN/ IF THEY WERE HOW! COLDS Ie BoE THROUGH THEM P i Rs SE my a