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- '® - - © ---- rr Harm Tissues | ° | J a Any Changes Caffeine Makes in Human Body Are Merely Functional and Temporary . IS Introduced in Europe In the sev. teenth century, coffee drove out t alcoholic beverages. It had pular, appeal and coffee houses' ere established where the bever- e was taken incessantly, Some f-the modern coffee-drinkers pho quire a reputation for consuming cups a day would have been con- . Mdered amateurs in those days, ~~ ' The effects which the anclent In- pm (who was the first man to use - ffee) noticed are still the ones Which make it popular -- a sense bf lively intellectuation, relief of fatigue, increased muscular tone pnd strength of the heart beat, IN EXCESS, HARMFUL Ot course, the excessive use of any medicament js more or less harmful, but caffeine probably ne- ver causes anything but functional changes -- no permanent tissue da- mage, no matter in what quantity it is taken. A prominent writer on the effects of drugs says, "It {s important to remember that caffeine has no ef- fect on brain protoplasm except to increase its functional activity, Caf- feine does -not produce brain ex- . baustion unless it is taken in such a-manner and in such large quan. titles as to interfere with sleep, rest and the taking of food in ord. inary quantitles, It has been shown that an individual is enabled to do more mental work in a given space of time with caffeine tlian he is ca- pable of doing without it, and that this Increased work is not followed by depression or exhaustion. In other words, it. acts as a lubricant does' In machinery, increasing abil- ity without causing exhaustion." w= = I. Allied Supreme Commander An understudy of the late Mar- shal Foch, General Maxime Wey- "sand last week was called upon direct the Allied forces in their fight against Germany. Formerly commander-in-chief of the Allied forces in the Near East, General Weygand took .over supreme com- mand of the Allied armies suc- {Seding General Maurice Game- n, 2 lg Sedan Was Scene Of 1870 Defeat 'When the German Armies Gained A Victory over the French Troops of Napoleon Hi Ancient. Sedan, 146 miles north: east of Paris, was the scene of the climactic fight of the Franco-Prus- slan war in 1870, in' which the French troops of Napoleon III were crushed, It brought about the fall ~of the second emplre: And then, in the World War, the Germans advancing toward Parls entered Sedan August 256th, 1914, and held it four years, It fell into the hands of the Allles November 6, 1918 after a joint attack by the -American Rainbow Division and the French. GAVE NAME TO CAR The old city probably gave its mame to the sedan ahtomoblle, Sedan chairs, easy riding con- yeyances which carried the gentry on peasant shoulders in the 18th century first were made in Sedan, Jegend has ft. 'y The town has a population of around 18,000. Major industries are cotton 'mills, coal and fron miines. \ Over Three Million - In Quebec Pr e Quebec Province's population in 1988 was 8,116,088, according fo a report tabled in the Legis. lature by Hon, Oscar Dronin; fais trade jd sauimdred. DW The population of urba: 1113 848 and ~ Quebec minister of meee" . eipalities was set at 1,704, t of rural municipalities at 1, TIL Se numbered. 146,~ 86. Total number of municipal es was 1,660, The report an- 'hounced the establishrient of 11 od municipalities during the Tr. 3 ; "to come.--Brockville VOICE OF THE PRESS | FAD FADES One thing to be thankful for: that "Confucius say" stuff has come and gone,--St. Thomas Times-Journal, Oe "A RARE INDIVIDUAL We met & man yesterday. and he interested us greatly. He did not profess to know what Musso- lini had in his mind and he had not the slightest idea of what Stalin intended to do.--Peter- borough Examiner, ers CHEESE FROM DENMARK Canada, it is announced, im- ported 8,619 pounds of cheese from Denmark during the month of March. That is one branch of competition, if it may be so call- ed, that the dairymen can wipe off the slate for some months Recorder and Times. ore LURE OF THE SOIL A love of the soil is ingrained -- in the very soul of some people. Particularly is this true of the Canadian people, whose forefath- ers were, for the most part, pion: eers who hewed for themselves and their families homes out of . the virgin forest and sought their livelihood from the land. --Guelph Mercury. AE LONG BLAST HELPS For more than a year now, the last toot, of the . locomotive whistle on' approaching crossings has been a long blast instead of short, as formerly, The Trans- port Board notes a decrease last year in the number of motor ve- hicles struck by trains, "'indicat- ing. that the changing of the whistle signal is showing bene: ficial results." Canada Has Made Great Advances In Air Transport -Progress Over Past Decade Has Been Phenomenal iar Y One of the pioneérs of air mail in 'Canada ten years ago, J. B. Corley, District Director of Post- al Services, Calgary, Alta., a visi- tor in. Montreal recalled the changes .that had taken place in the past decade and described them as "almost unbelievable." Before 1930, there had been ir- regular services to outlying com- munities in Eastern Canada, Mr. Corley said in an interview, but the -first schedule inter-city oper- ation came intod effect on the Prairies. As far back as 1926, Calgary was agitating for air mail. Test flights were made con= necting - Calgary and Winnipeg, by way of Medicine Hat, Moose Jaw and Regina, with a saving of 24 hours, and in 1930 contracts were awarded... In the 'same year, an inter- national service was established, from Montreal to Calgary via To- ronto, Hamilton, Detroit, Chicago, St. Paul, Pembina and Winnipeg. wo years afterwards, the gov- ernment discontinued the" inter city air mail for economy, -but the Prairies were alive to the advan- tages of wings. Mr. Corley said, and when th&> Trans-Canada Air Lines began service the response was eager. "The business peoplé of the West are - enthusiastic about the service that brings Montreal, Ottawa = and Toronto closer," he added, "I know that in Calgary air mail is increasing in volume all the time. The far- away places benefit the most." Reach Outlying Areas Speaking of the faraway plac- es, Mr. Corley said that in North- ern Alberta and the Northwest Territories, dog teams, horses: and sleighs and steamboats had been superseded by the plane. Mails to the outlying areas were flown at regular postal rates. Walter Hale, District Supervisor of Postal Services at Edmonton, had promoted air mail to the north for years, Contrasting flying in' Canada with 10 years ago, Mr. Corley compared the big T, C. A. planes with the old open-cockpit Fok- kers, and referred to the develop ment of the airway with Hs radio beam and its 24-hour weather ser- vice, and to the shorter more dir. ect route across Canada. i + One-Man Army "y---John-Perrio has appointed hire splf as the one-man Defence Corps of Brecghou Island, 8 milés {pom Guernsey, in' the English nel. The island is six miles long and Perrio, whois 70, trols ft daily on his donkey, 1 ing for enemy planes and subs matines. He hears a Jara kilt, sporran, tunic, and a forage cap, and oarries a Crimean rifle, only { people live on the island. |] BoA aN Sik -------- A rw ARE The bayonet charge of the infantry still plays an important part in the art of war despite the mechanization of modern armies. Infantry- men of Canada's modern army are shown here as they learn the finer points of conducting a bayonet charge. --- 5 ---- THE WAR-WEE K--Commentary on Current Events Darkest Hour For Allies When Germans Reach Sea Eleven days after the German launched their big offensive through the Low Countries, ad- vance Nazi units in lightning thrusts through northern France, reached the English Channel, separating the main French and British armies and trapping the entire British Expeditionary Force. The darkest hour in their. "histories was upon the and French empires. For France, the situation was seen by military experts to be not altogether hopeless. The French army had a chance at least to hold on; if they could hold the Germans for a month, the tide might turn in their favor. "But if Italy came into the war on the side of Germdny and at- tacked in the south, the odds against France would be almost insuperable. Britain Fears Worst While the British people work- ed frantically to defend them: selves against what threatened to be the first invasion of England in 874 years -- a German blitz- krieg through the air across the scant "sixty-five miles. of water separating the English east. coast from France -- the British Ex- peditionary Force on the Con- tinent had the choice of attempt: ing evacuationi- under a rain of German bombs - over the entire Channel area or facing the en- emy in a last-ditch effort to hold the Channel ports -- the only avenue of escape left to them, How It Happened Speaking before the French Senate, Premier Reynaud par- tially answered the question rais- ed in the minds of the entire world last week, Germans get through the Maginot and "peril the entire Allied de- fense system on the Continent? Without mincing words, he re- vealed that a scries of "incon- ceivable mistakes" on the part of the French High Command had made it possible for the.Germans to blow up the hinge of the French Army, and walk through a breach in.the French front 62 miles wide. (The left wing of the French army, he said, left ite fortifica- tions between Sedan and the sea, . and pivoting on Sedan, went into Belgium, -The enemy launched a formidable attack then against the hinge of the French army be- hind the Meuse between Sedan and Namur, Th Meuse River had been considered a redoubtable ob- stacle for the enemy, and the French divisions charged with de- fending it were few, stretched British | where "pursued by How did the ~ out thinly; the i{roops were. poor- ly trained.) Humanity In Agony During the week, the hearts of all civilized men were wrung by the stories that leaked out from the battle areas of FEurope, of refugee women and children by the hundreds of thousands driven from one place to another, every- bombs, fire, destruction and death. Of the slaughter and carnage on the battlefields, 'little was said. So much had tobe taken for grant- ed in one of the bloodiest and most' gigantic engagements of all time. - U. S. Comes Nearer Chances. of the United States' coming into the war on the side of the Allies were increased 100 per cent during the week as pub- lic feeling there was fanned to fever heat by the news from Eur- ope, and by fears that the Nazi war machine would next be men- acing the American continent. The large mass of the people ral- lied behind President Roosevelt in his drives to strengthen U, S. defenses, keep Italy out of the war, Congress, Mr. Roosevelt said: "Qur ideal, our objective is still peace -- peace at home and peace abroad. Nevertheless we stand ready not only to spend millions for defense but to give our service and even our lives for the maintenance of our Am- erican liberties." - Developments to Be Watched 'While the eyes of the world were turned on Western Europe they were not seeing events in certain other quarters that might figure as important factors in coming situations, In the Balkans, the Rumanian government order- ed cancellation of all army leav- es, as Nazi "Blitz" troops mass- ed on the Slovak frontier of Hungary facing Rumania , , . . Yugoslavia menaced by fresh Italian moves ih Albania consid- -ered plans for -general mobiliz- - ation , . . Rumors emanated from Lithuania that Russia shortly would stop all oil exports to Ger- many; .-and Soviet 'Premier Molo- toff informed Great Britain, in cutting off British-Russian trade talks, that 'Russia cannot sub- ordinate the trade policy of the U. 8. 8. R. to the war aims of any foreign State" --- meaning, undoubtedly, either Germany or Britain . . . in the Far East, a nasty situation existed 'in the vic- inity of the Dutch East Indies, rich possession of conquered Hol- land, coveted by the warring Pigs Preferred 1 By Mosquitoes The next time you are bit. ten by a mosquito, don't think you naturally attract the in- sects. ' &s Entomologists of the. New, Hampshire Agriculture Des partment report that in choos ing a victim, the mosquito pre- fers & horse or a cow to a human being by about six to one, Pigs and dogs, they say, also are more popular than man, In his defense message to, powers . . . the announcement was made by the Central Chinese Government that the main Jap- | anees force in Central China had | been crushed with the recapture of Tsao-yang, which had been a Japanese base in Northern Hupeh provinee . . . LJ * L The Dominion of Canada had its busiest week since the Fed- eral election in March. Parlia- mentary leaders made speeches, stock-brokers ran from pillar to post, farmers rushed to get their crops in, housewives "blitzkrieg: ed" on their spring-cleaning, military men worked at top speed preparing to set up the Third Canadian Division, municipal au- thorities strained at the leash to go after "subersive elements" , , The Week In Parliament In Parliament, the Speech from - the Throne declared that "tragic events" in Europe "have but served to intensify our determin- ation to share in the war effort of the Allied powers to the ut- most of our strength" . . . Prime Minister King renewed the as: surance to Great Britain of Can- ada's full support "in these grave, clouded hours" . . . Finance Min- ister «Ralston told the House of Comnions that, although Canada's war bill had mounted to an es- timated $700,000,000 a year (al- most $2,000,000 a day), with the possibilay of further increase, no change was contemplated in the Government's established "pay-as-you-go" program, Taxes first, then- loans; continues-to -be the war policy . . . a rising de- mand that Canada's war effort be speeded up was reflected in the Government's declarations re- garding our participation, but little - evidence of a concrete na- ture was seen, that Canada would enter more fully into the war . , it was announced that a separ- "ate Ministry of Air was being created, with Hon. C. GI Power, latterly appointed Postmaster General, at the head of it . . . the most dramatic moment of the weck came when the: voice of the new woman member, Mrs. Dorise Neilsen, in her maiden speech, was raised in behalf of the forgotten unfortunates of Canada, Making: no apologies for turning the subject away' from war, she pointed out that in times of crisis, particularly, the fate of those living in poverty could not: be overlooked: "Though death stalks through the world and knocks at the door of every na- tion," she said, "life must go on. The time to consider the life of the people of Canada is not when war is finished, but now." Has Good Word Australian Military Man Says Antipodean Type Are Invalu- able -- Go Waterless 84 Hrs. General Sir Harry Chauvel, who led the Australian forces in Meso. potamia in the First Great War and who {is now retired, believes Australian horses should be used if the present conflict If it devel ops on a large scale in the middle 'east, General Chauvel points out the previous war record of Australian "Walers" -- so-called because they ordinarily were bred In Now South Wales. In the Boer War, It was not unusual for the Walers to carry loads of from 250 to 280 pounds over -ylelding sands for 48 hours on one watering. In some cases, these Australian horsea were known to go waterless for 84 hours, covering long distance while carrying troopers and fight. ing kit, I SPREAD OUT Experts not only caution against too early sowing, but they also ad- vise not to stop too soon, There Is no reason why plantings cannot be continued in most parts of Canada right through until July. This will spread the harvesting season over an equally -long perfod with vege- tables always fresh, just coming to maturity, Much more fun and much more gatisfaction results where garden. fng is thus spread over the entire. season, While the whole plot may be planted. In a single afternoon, usually about the middle of May, the inevitable consequence is a rush of flowers or vegetables fol lowed by practically none at all, On the other hand, by only sowing a part of the seed of each packet at one time, by using short cut meth- ods in the way of started plants, by providing a little protection ag- alnst early frosts next Fall, the amateur garden can be made al most continuously praductive. CULTIVATION - Cultivation not only kills weeds, which disfigure beds of flowers and vegetables and rob these res- pectable things of moisture and food, but it also keeps soll open sa that it will remain sweet and ab- sorb necessary chemicals from the alr, Bacterial action beneath is also assisted. : While a small hoe Is almost an essential implement, there aro to- day other things which will re- love much of the drudxery which the hoe still represents in the eye of the growing country hoy. A little three-fingered wire cultivator will work 'wonders around and under growing flowers a d vegetables, A Dutch hoe which Is shoved along about an inch under the soil will "cultivate a hundred fect or so of perennial bed in thirty minutes. -Says the Chinese : Were Here First The Chinese discovered Ameri- ca about 1,000 years before Col- umbus was born, according to Mr. B. A. McKelvie, of the British Columbia Historical Association, It has been proved from ancient Chinese archives that seaman: adyentures from the Celestial Empire crossed the Pacific be- tween A.D, 458 and 576, explore ing the Western American coast, and compiling reports on the geo graphy of the couniry and the habits of its natives. Alaska was called Wan Shang, British Col umbia was named Ta.Han, and Mexico they called Fusang. Later, but some 500 years be- fore Columbus, the Norsemen were credited with. forming cols onies in the New World, Seven Years Said Average For M.P. in Canadian House of Commons; Many Things Occur to Change Course of Parliamentarian House of Commons officials at Ottawa estimate the "parliamen- tary life of an average member of: parliament--that 1s, the average length of time an Individual re- mains a member -- Is seven years, A member -- man or woman -- may ceaso to-be a member for a varioty of reasons, for any one of 10 or more of them in fact. A mem- ber may dle In office, may be elo vated to the Senate, may be ap- pointed a provincial Heutenant- governor or to some high govern: -ment post -- just to name a few. TEN REASONS FOR QUITTING Officials agree it is a precarious and strenuous existence being a member of parliament. There are many pitfalls on the way and the public can bo fickle. Each parlia- ment there is a batch of 80 to 109 newcomers and, occasionally, when thero is a big upset of a strong gov- ernment, as occurred in tho 1935 -élection, therp are more than 100 parliamentary neophytes. PRECARIOUS LIFE During the last parliament, {rom October, 1935, to January 25th, of 1940 the number of members who died In office was 21 and two of the members elected to the pre- sent parliament died a few days after their election. Nine members of tho last parliament were elovat- ed to the Senate. 'BEE HIV soe SYRUP "m =--A Great Energy Food LIFE'S LIKE THAT WiLL I have my life to lead!" "But | got to get out to the movie or some place once in a while 8-5 wd x -- By GENE BYRNES REG'LAR FELLERS--Tender Memories WHO NG T DID NOT/ DHE LE. TH VE ME. A PAM THE NECK / » 3 SX 2 3) Hd WA (To 2 fi: ar ew - So ON A ¥ - 8 ' ty 1 a e 3 di " i ht h Oy g fi 0% t [U% hl 7 X pie LEN of iby [I Y £ n § : A kf 3- bY 8 i-- m 8 1-43 ir om Ri 7 %4