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Umbrella Idea Centuries Old Ancient Chinese Pattern Practically Unchanged Over Centuries An ingenious if somewhat un. wieldy" contraptoin of thin stecl ribs and watershedding cloth, which every scheolboy hates, the - umbrella has an interesting. his: tory. It was introduced into the Western world from Asiatic coun "tries, where it is of great anti- quity, says a writer in The New York Sun, Back in the carly Gréek and Ro. man, days; ladies of position car- ried the umbrella, In the East it. was used principally as a protec . tion against the blistering rays of the sun rather than as protection against rain. In certain Eastern £ountries, too, it was an emblem of rank and power, and still is T- day. In the Middle Ages high churchmen carried it for the same reason. For centuries, of course; the umbrella has been a favorite | with the Japanese. TO ENGLAND IN 1700's Some stogies have it that the first umbrella was introduced in- to England from Italy early in the 18th century. It was used by wo- men, but was at first scorned by men as effeminate. Credit for its general adoption there goes to one Jonas Hanway, a determined sort of fellow and a world traveler. He became London's first regular ume brella-carrier in the 1700's, thor. ing the jibes of other men and even the jeers from coachmen, who feared that his strange shade . might proye to be dangerous come petition for their business, Appointed To Senate NORMAN McL. PATERSON Fort William, Ont, Doctor Warns : & Office Toilers Office workers who become "the week-end athletes" are largely res. ponsible for a "mounting incidence" of bone and joint injuries, Dr, Rus: sell Sullivan, Boston City Hospital orthopaedic surgeon, said last week. "While many fractures.are altri Lutable to-automobiles and indus- trial accidents," Sullivan sald, *1 "believe the Jicrease may be traced to - Injuries among oftice workers who 'spend their Saturdays and Sun. days playing tennis or skiing, de- spite the fact that they are not physically tit for such exercise." : DANCING IS BETTER Sullivan advised prospective ath: | --letle_week-ends to "develop their powers of resistance to accidents" by walking -- or dancing. "Much can he sald in favor of so- called "Jitterbug" dancing in "this 'respect," that type certainty develops more limber muscles and makes the joints - function to better advan tage." - Colds Linked : To Emotions Frustrated Love Seen As One Fac- tor by Group of Psychoanalysts Emotional disturbances may precipitate the "common cold" in some individuals, a' Chicago psy- choanalyst said last week, Investigation of the relation of such disturbances to various ails ments have been conducted. at the Chicago Institute for Psychoan- alysis, a non:profit-making organ: ization, - Dr, Leon J. Saul of the Institute staff said the. studies. led to a be- lief that prolonged or severe frus- trations of wishes for love, care or relaxation may be important factors in causing calds In some | persons, $ One investigation, he sald, dis. closed a group of nine: individuals who saffered colds regularly in site uations. of frustration of strong; mostly unconscious; demands "with more or less repressed rage." \ "This obseryation' in no way im. plied that all emotional state or' thwar{ing results in colds; nor ob- viously that this study in any sense shows the exclusive cause," he said. he smiled, "Dancing of - Y School . Lesson "ee LESSON Vill STEWARDS IN THE KINGDOM Matthew 24, 25 * Printed Text, Matt, 25: 14-27 Golden Text: -- "Well done, good and faithful servant." Matt, 25:21, "THE LESSON IN ITS .SETTING Time --- Tuesday of Passlon Week, A.D, 30, Place -- The Mount of Olives, This lesson gives us a new con. ception of the infinite wisdom and knowledge possessed by Christ con- cerning the future. His prophecles have been fulfilled, and are being fulfilled throughout the age. The one fundamental theme running all through the Olivet discourso is the coming of the Son of man, as in. dicated by the recurrence of 'such phrases as "the sign of thy com. ing." . The questions asked by the dis. ciples fn this chapter have troubled the minds of men in every age. Je- 'sug made a prophelic pronounce. 'ment concerning the characteris. tics of four different spheres during the long perfod-between his depart- ure and hig return, Nothing has ta. ken place during nineteen hund- red years in these four spheres to contradict in any way the startling statementg of the Lord. He pre' dicted that "the end of the age" would .bo a time of disillusionment, of expectancy, of confusion in the minds of men, when multitudes would be looking for deliverance, PARABLE OF THE TALENTS Matt, 25:14, For it is as when a. man, going Into another couimtry, called his own servants, and deliv- ered unto them his goods, 15, And unto one he gave five talents, to another two, to another one; to each according to his several abil. ity; and he went on his journey. 16. Stralghtaway he that received the five talents went and' biajed with them, and made other fiv talents. 17. In liko manner he si that received the two gained other two. 18, But he that received the one went away and digged In the earth, and hid his lord's money. 19. Now after a long time the lord of those servants cometh, and maketh a reckoning with them. 20. And he that received the five talents came and brought othier five. talents, say- ing, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me -five talents: lo, I have gained other five talents. 21. His lord said unto "him, well done, good -and faithful servant: thou has been faithful over a few things, I will set thee over many things; enter thou into the !-y of thy lord. . And he also "that received the two talents came and said, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me two talents: lo, 1 have - gained other two talents. 23. His lord sald unto hin fivell done, good -and faithful servant: = thou been faithful over a few things, I will set thee over * any things; en- ter thou into the joy of thy lord, 24, And he also that had received the one talent came and sald, Lord, 1 knew thee that thou art a hard man, r-~nirg where thou didst not sow, and gathering where thou did not 'scatter; 25. and I was afraid, and-went away and hid my talefit fn the earth; lo, thou hast thine own. 26, But his lord : nswered and sald unto him, Thou wicked and slothful servant, thou knewest that I reap where I sowed fot, and gath- er where 1 did .cot scatter; 27, thou oughtest to have put my money to the bankers, and at my coming I should have received 'back mine own witheinterest. In this famous parable of the talents vhich might really be called "the parable of the lord and his servants," we should remember that a talent in those days was the equivalent of about twelve thousand dollars, The re ward In the case of the man with hast" Po five talents committed to him and - in tho case of the man with two is exactly the same. The reward" of service is apportioned according to fidelity to opportunity, In the case of the - nfaithful servant, first 1's life was exposed; secondly, his talent was recalled; thirdly and finally he himself was cast out. The goods of the absent Lord are his re- velation of God and of man, his provision for man's great need; his perpetual call; his mediation; his dynamic for paralyzed souls. We all have some of .them committed to rs; talents, five, two, one accord. ing to our ability and his ¢holce; and these talents become our de- posit. . Charm Founded Upon Kindness The Only Kind of Charm Worth Hothering About Springs From The Heart, Beauty Column. ist Writes" Deeply sincere kindliness is the foundation of real charm -- the warm, glowing variety which puts others at their ease and makes the world a pleasanter place in which to live, ee Canadians On The Ice In Battle Dress The Canadien Expeditionary 'Force hockey team, which has been formed by Canadian soldiers now training in England, were so rushed: for time when they visited Empress Hall for a workout that they took to the ice in battle dress. Here one of the Canadians is "on the run" with a young figure skater as a partner. a No matter how many books she has read or speeches she has lis- tened to on how to be charming, no woman ever will be until she has a truly kind and understand- ing attitude toward the people she knows and those she meets. The only kind of charm worth bothering with springs straight from the heart. You can't strike an attitude of chajm and be con- i vineing. The Really Charming Woman Nor can real charm be turned off and on to_suit the occasion or your particular mood, asserts Alicin Hart, beauty columnist. If you are a charming person, you "are a kind person and, with rare exceptions, you are kind all the time. The really charming woman can no more help being kind than the woman without charm can help being cruel in little ways a sometimes in big ones. Kindness, and therefore char m, come with understanding of the short-comings of human nature, And it's as great a mistake to sce only the good side as it is to sce only the bad. By all means sce the good. But sce the bad, too. And, instead of condemning, try to un- derstand the why's and wherefore's of it. Essential Metals Of the 67 12 are common and absolutely es- sential to modern industry. The British Empire is rich in them, her mines a_treasure-chest for .gold (South Africa, Canada, Austra- lia); tin (Britain, Malaya); cop- per {Rhodésia); aluminum, (Can. ada, Australia, India) ; manganese (India) nickel (Canada); lead (Australia, Canada). Apart from these common met. als there are many other less- known ones which are essentiul to war: production. Radium, beryl: lium, palladium, cadmium, moly- bdenum, and many other such val. uable meats are found within the 'British Empire. =r Getting Careless With Gas-Masks Sa ramealls Few of the British Public Are Continuing to Take Precau- tions, Observer Notes A One of the most alarming side- .lights of the war is the stubborn re- fusal of the citizenry of Great Bri- tain to stay gas mask-minded, says an observer, * ONCE-CONSIDERED RISKY . Back in September tho'avarjgze "man in the blackout, who Wouldn't have dreamed of going to work without a shirt, also carried a mask and for similar reasons, It was very risky and conspicuous to be with out one, Now it's an undeniable fact that gown metals about don, most people are going to be caught without protection, A survey of the principal London streots showed that only about one man In six carries a mask. Yon just couldn't tell about the women. MAY CONTAIN ANYTHING The snooper is constantly thrown' oft tho scent by the females bo- causy they tend to use a combined handbag and carvier. Worse still, i's never certain that the offteial square box, snakeskin case, or pa- per bag does really contain a mask, A. R. P. wardens report that often thera's Nothing in it but sandwich es, lipstick and a library book, QUEEN CARRIES MASK Sometimes newspaper photo graphs show that even the King's mask is not always- in_gvidence. But hid heavy service mask is-oiten carried by a member of the entour- . age or is parked within easy roach in an official antomobile. Queen Elizabeth is never-seen withont her beige corduroy sack slung ovey the left shoulder. World Cotton Output Lower 1938-9- Production -- Declines From Two Previous Seasons The world did not produce near ly so much cotton in the 1938-39 season as in either of the two sea- sons immediately previous, and fit "did not consume nearly so much as In the scason second previous, according to a roview of the 1938. - 39 season contained in the twelfth Cotton Year Book of the New York Cotton Exchange just Issued. U. S. GREW LESS Production of cotton by tho en- tire world in the scason of 1938-39 was roughly 256 per cent. less than in the previous season. World pro- duction dropped from 26,784,000 to 27,407,000 bales, a decrease of 9,377. 000 bales. The greater portlon of this décrease occurred.in the Unit. . ed States, and was due partly to a reduction in acreage and partly to a lower average yield por acre. Abroad, smaller: production was reported hy China, India 'aud atso | "Esypt ° Decoy Is Used To Rescue Dog. Patrolman Allen C hester of Ton- awanda, N.Y., believ®s he has a "sure-fire" method of rescuing ice- } marooned dogs--simply send an- other one out on the jce. Unable to find means of trans. portation to reach, a_puppy strug- gling aimlessly in Niagara River last week, Chestéy attached a rope to another dog;~then waved -the animal out on the ice. The decoy dog's appearance ar- oused the endangered puppy, which: promptly struggled to firm ice. As Chester pulled the decoy toward shore, the puppy follawed, barely FARM NOTES BOOST PRODUCTION Urging Ontarlo farmers to strive for greater production to meet war. time needs, W. R. Reek, Deputy Minister of Agriculture, has warad ed the Ontario Agricultural Council that such increase could only be attained successfully by increasing ylelds on the land now under cultl- vation, "Concentrate on good land and good sceds," he advised. "In this way you can increise production without breaking more land, thus avoiding the difficulty of trying to farm marginal lands." VALUE OF MANURE » Manure is not in itselt a balance od fertilizer, belng very low in phosphorus, but it contains notable amounts of nitrogen and potash, and these are present chiefly id the liquid portion which too often is allowed to leach away, Apart from its value as a source of plant food, manure possesses other virt- ues. It improves the texture and moisture-holding capacity. of soil and builds up the humus content, and also introduces the boneficlal bacterial organisms which in the known and unknown ways promote favourable biological and chemical processes in the soil. : United States Best Customer Bought Most Canadian Exports Last Year -- Canadian Total For Year Increases 10.4 Per Cent. Canada's domestic exports rose to $924,926,000 during the calen- dar year 1939, an increase of- 10.4 per cent over the 1938 figure of 837,681,000, the Dominion Bui eau of Statistics reports. The United States was Canada's best customer, taking $380,302, 000 worth compared with $270,- 461,000 in 1938, a gain of 10.6 per cent. The United Kingdom was in second place with $328,084,- 000 compared with §339,689,000, _ a decline of 3.4.per cent. UNITED KINGDOM SECOND Australia took third place with $32,029,000 compared with $32. 982,000, followed by Japan with $28,168,000 against $20,770,000. British-South Africa with $17,965,. 000 compared with $15,647,000, New Zealand $11,954,000 against $16,371,000 and British West In- dies $11,751,000 compared - with $11,011,000. ) OTHER LEADING PURCHASERS Other leading purchasers of Can- atdian products in 1939 with fig- ures for 1938 in brackets: Nor- way, $10,904,000 ($7,854,000); Newfoundland, $8,506,000 ($8,- 403,000); Germany, 7,869,000 (818,261,000); Netherlands, $7,- 357,000 ($10,267,000); Belgium, $7,261,000 ($9,655,000); France, $6,973,000 ($9,152,000); British India with Burma, $5,396,000 ($2,986,000); Brazil, $4,407,000 ($3,622,000); Sweden, $1,284,. 000 ($,411,000); Argentina, $4, '117,000 ($4,675,000); Ireland, $3,697,000 ($4,440,000); Mexico, $8;004;000 ($2,340,000); Straits "Settlements, $2,782,000 (82,448,- 000); China, $2,636,000 (22,885, 000); Italy, $2,231,000 (£1,745 000). Ex-Kaiser Now 81 Years Old ~ Former Ruler Has 22 Grandsons Fighting With Nazis Shadows of another wear fell across observances of the 8st birtnday of former Kaiser -Wil. helm 11, late in January: The gay family celebration of other years was missing from Doorn Castle, where the former German ruler maintains formali- ties of his formey court and watch. es, in exile, the progress of an- other generation of Germans at war with the Allies, . Hohenzollerns in Adolf Hitler's army provide part of his interest in 'the flagged pins he sticks in war maps to follow the campaign, He has 22 grandsons in the. Ger- man army. Another, Prince Oscar, lost his life in the Polish came "16 To relax. 'Rented News Newspapers in Shanghai are oft- en rented rather than sold, A pa. per is delivered first to a person who must get to work at an early hour, When he leaves home, the paper is collected by the newsboy and delivered to a second reader, This procedure is carried on so long that a week later the same copy may be in the hands of » reader situated hundreds of miles outside the city. Nl THiS Curious WorLD ® By William Ferguson Cll MAY HL, 1937, D> TOUCH THE RUM OF L - PLANET MERCURY APPEARED "iD ASTRONOMERS WERE ABLE © O CONFIRM THEIR, BELIEFS THAT THE TINY PLANET IS ENTIRELY WITHOUT: ATMOSPHERE, THE SUN, Ce RB NIGHT HEROR IS NOT A BIRD OF THE NIGHT. NED Pe COPR 1937 BY NLA SERVICE. INC. I. 2 SCIENTISTS are still on the alert for any new animal that may' exist, although it is gencraily believed that no important types of mammal remain undiscovered. New forms of reptiles come to light frequently, and one of the newesl of these is the Willard's 8 rattlesnake. which grows no larger than 15 inches in length NEXT: Is there any power being c.certed to kecs the earth ro- tating on its axis? HORIZONTAL Answer to Previous Puzzle substitutes. 1, 6 Engineer 0 Sn vessel. g ree! fo se 15 Low cart.' Panama 18 Sailboats. Canal. 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POP---Indirect Watching SA ar By J. MILLAR WATT J WHY ARE ALL YOUR SHOP ge 50 THAT NOBODY gas i KNOWS) * DETECTIVES: CROSS-EYED 7 IF THEVRE BEING | | waTcheo! 5 x, . / : : ; ? . . » Fs LS 225