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'Commentary "on the THE NEXT SESSION: The House of Commons at Ottawa cannot afford to' remain up for Jong. There's a new Canada-Unit- ed States trade agreement in the offing, the pressure of world events ig more concentrated than ever before, So Parliament will likely reconvene in October. If it doesn't, it should . . . . The next session cannot help but be interesting, In the mean- time the Quebec and Ontario pro- vincial governments will have shot off a few fireworks, most em- barrassing to Ottawa, and rumors of an early general election will have become Increasingly persist- ent throughout the land. Who knows but that it may be a momentous session, too, capable of reshaping the destiny of Can- ada? Maybe so, but we very much doubt it. * LJ % OUT TO BEAT NATURE: The West is facing the best crop prospects in eight years, but while looking forward with much joy-to a bountiful harvest, prairie far. mers nevertheless are mindful that there is no guarantee that the blight of drought will not strike again next season. They are grateful, then, for the work' that is being done by the Dominion Government to produce a grain that will stand up against a lack of moisture. The first Canadian experiments in search of such a wheat are being carried on at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, The scientists at work on the job haven't progressed very far yet, but they believe they are on the right track. Should they suc- ceed in finding a drought-resist- ant wheat, they will receive as much recognition ag came to Sir Charles Saunders for discovering Marquis wheat. This famous grain overcame the menace of early frosts, but could not withstand the onslaughts of rust and drought. Now, rust-resistant wheat has sup- erseded Marquis on the prairies. Thus only one of the three ma: jor crop enemies remains to be overcome. Once this objective is achieved, the 'Canadian should be unconquerable. - LJ [J LJ ESCAPING THE HEAT: Down here in Ontario we have plenty of reason to complain of the heat these: summer -- days. puff, perspire from dawn to dark. We would feel less sorry for our- selves, however, if we paused to Highlights of the Week's News * . West . We pant; - By Elizabeth Eedy think of what it would be like to live in the Arctic regions, where the sun shine 24 hours a day and night-time brings no blessed cool ness, : Be thankful for small mercies, LJ LJ L LIFE - LINE THREATENED: The Londen, England, News Chronicle this week makes start- ling disclosure of a plan allegedly cooked up by the two partners of the Rome-Berlin axis which aims at the closing of the Mediterran- ean to Great Britain and a cutting off of the Empire Cape route to the Far East. Thiz double objec: tive would be achieved by the seizure of Gibraltar (already dominated by German long-range guns); by having General Franco (should he win the Spanish war) turn and seize Portugal (Gibral- tar cannot be held without Portu- gal). . The purpose behind the plan is said to be the crippling of both Britain and France, the latter being cut off from her important army reserve in North America.' « . * HOLY LAND'S UNHOLY ROW: The worst troubles in recent Pales- tine history broke out there the beginning of this month with the hanging of a 19-year-old Jew who had ambushed an Arab bus, Riots have been continuing ever since while casualty lists mount daily. Dozens of people have been killed and hundreds wounded. In 'the midst of this reign of terror British -troops- are -attempt- ing to restore some kind of order. Soldiers are stationed in every village in the zone of violence, but bombings, stabbings keep on happening. For hundreds of years the Arabs and the Jews have been hostile to one another. They each want the Holy Land to them- selves for religious as well as economic reasons. The partition: ing of Palestine among Jews, Arabs and British as recomniended last summer by a British Com- mission - has therefore not been _found popular. In fact the pres- entation of the report was a sig- nal for the outbreak of new vio- lence. : ) It is difficult to see where it is all going to end. _ rs * LJ LJ] THE WEEK'S QUESTION: Who is frequently said to be the most unpopular diplomat in Eur. ope? Answer: Colonel Josef Beck, Poland's Foreign Minister. Educate Indians "To Housekeejir Saskatchewan Seeks to Aid In- dian Families in Raising Standard of Living--Women Taught Housecraft. Education of Indian women in household arts, with a view to promoting a higher standard of living among the tribes, has been undertaken by the Saskatchewan Department of Indian Affairs with the co-operation of women's clubs, states a "recent despatch from Winnipeg. "The Indian woman has more influence over her husband than the white woman has over hers," claimed Dr. Thomas Robertson, Inspector of Indian Agencies in Saskatchewan. "In the past not enough attention hag been paid them. Money has been spent on men for farming equipment and improvements, but the "depart- ment now aims at a higher stand- ard of living through women's education, Eager to Learn "Requests * of Indian women that meetings sponsored by the department be devoted to work shows the interest they are tak- ing in their work," Dr. Robertson said. "Indian women, young and old, are eager to learn." At the meetings they are be- ing instructed in sewing, knitting, eanning, cooking and other household arts. Dr. Robertson be- lieves craft work has improved 60 per cent. in many Indian homes in the past two years. Children are learning to spin in schools and are teaching others in homes. Move to Save The Wild Fowl Canadians Are Asked to Co-op- erate With American Sports. men, ' NORTH BATTLEFORD, Sask. -- Canadians weré urged to co-opor- ate with American sportsmen in thelr fowl conservation efforts by #0. D. Russenholt of Winnipeg, as- nt general manager of Ducks limited, In an address here. He sald United States workers could not carry out thelr extensive campaign without assistance from Canadians because of the large number of ducks hatched in this country, Ducks Unlimited "We belleve we can multiply ducks to an almost unlimited extent and with your co-operation we are going to put forth our best efforts," Russenholt said. He cited the ex- perience of the state of Maine which, through 40 years of game conservation, now has an annual game, Gas Meters In Taxis -- The Japanese are getting anxi- ous about their war against China. They've just decided to ration their petrol supply. In fu- 'ture, motorists may purchase only one gallon of petrol a day--taxi- drivers may have seven. Taxi fares doubled when this rationing was announced. And as a result of these new 'gas' restrictions, all will be fitted with meters, to pre- vent overcharging. ' Argentina's exports gained nearly 40 per cent. in value last , year, revenue of $25,000,000 from fish and - taxi-cags Radium Must Be Coaxed From Ore OTTAWA, -- The method by which Canada's sub-Arctic deposits of life-saving radium are "coaxed" out of the pitch-blende ore mined on the shore of Great Bear Lake near the Arctic Circle have been - revealed for the first time, - Marcel Pochon, chief chemist, of the Eldorado Gold Mines, Limited, anl E. J. Walli, mine engineer, des- cribed to the American Assoeiation for the Advancement of Sclence at its summer meeting the methods used in mining, transporting and refining radium, It's Roasted First Radium might be called a "coy" element, the Eldorado company spe- clalists declared, since it is very difficult to e .tract from the other valuable minerals which occur in combination with it, In early refin- Ing operations, silver was consid- ered a nuisance in efforts to pull the radium out of the 'pitchblende ore. Today, however, these and other difficulties have been largely over- come by new chemical methods em- ployed in a recently completed re- finery at Port Hope, Ont., and both the radium 'and silver can be ex- tracted without waste. The 'ore is first roasted in fur naces and washed with large quan- tities' of acid to remove the silver and uranium, The ore which re- mains is theif treated with tremen: dous quantities of barium and che- mical which physicians introduce into the stomach and intestines as a contrast material in making X- ray photographs. Radium Salt Is Left The barium {is the "coaxing" mat- erial which pulls radfum into af- finity with itself, Pochon explained, but 7,50¢ grams of barium must be. used to pull one gram of radium out of hiding in the ore. A total of six tons of chemicals must be used to treat one ton of ~~ncentrated ore. VOICE CANADA THE EMPIRE = * of the = -- THE WORLD AT LARGE' PRESS CANADA They Know the Sounds Some women who hear a man prowling around the house at four am. are frightened; Times. Doing Double Duty When the haying season is on the eight-hour day gets sadly neglect- ed. It looks more like one eight: hour day before noon and then an- other in the afternoon.--Peterbor- ough Examiner. Summer Brings Its Problems Europe may have its worries over bomb-proof shelters and gas masks but we've our problems too. Once more 10,000,000 Canadians face Summer and no one has invented a true mposquito-proof pair of pyja- mas.--Ottawa Journal. Breeders of Dictatorship Where dictatorship has come, it has come by reason" of the failure of men to govern themselves. It is likely to come--because there is no - other probable - alternative--wher- ever nations show themselves too tired, careless or uncourageous for the disciplines and exertions of freedom.--Vancouver Province. Rural Viewpoint Wanted Modern transport, press and film are creating in England what Earl Baldwin describes as a "standardiz- ed suburban mechanized mind." We already have too much of that here. Rural people accept all too placidly the urban viewpoint, and. whole- some rural independence is becom- ing inarticulate.--Farmer"s -Advo- cate. World-wide Soil Erosion Great Britain is making an inves- tigation of soil erosion in all parts of the world and will issue a bulle- tin being prepared by the Imperial Bureau of Soil Science and of Herb- age Plants. In it will be disclosed how much damage is being caused the world's food supplies by soil erosion, and different attempts to fight the menace will be discussed. Reports so far received in London --ghow that the problem affects Af- rica, China, India, Australia, Rus- sia, all round the Mediterranean, the Dutch East Indies and the Brit- ish West Indies as well as the mid. western states of America and -the prairie provinces of Canada. In Af- rica it has been caused hy over- grazing, in Australia by over-graz- others arew --married-to-men who fish.--Victoria_ ing and rabbits, and in China and Italy by deforestation.--St. Thomas Times-Journal, Bring It Into The Open Ontario and Quebec are the rich- est of the provinces; -- They have many natural advantages. As the West sees the rituation, they are also the chief beneficiaries of the national fiscal policy. Their pros- perity, as it looks to the rest of" Canada, perfectly exemplifies the scriptural saying that "to him that hath shall be given." It wis to be expected that, of all the provinces, they would be the least interested in a study of the federal s which might lead to changes. are naturally for the statud. The Prairie and Maritime guments and statistica 3 tending to show a need for change. It has been' suggested that the in- quiry has produced or encouraged sectional feeling in-Canada. That is clearly not so. The cleavage ex- isted before the Rowell Commission ~was- thought of. And the national interest is obviously better served by an open debate on this differ- ence of opinion than by efforts to hush it up by singing "O Canada!" --Winnipeg Free Press. The EMPIRE On Retiring Today It a man enjoys his work, and he. is physically and mentally 'equal to doing it efficiently, there are very good reasons why he should go on working. And these reasons are re- inforced in the case of men who are so single-minded that their work Is also their hobby. But for the. most part, and particularly. today when the means of recreation and amuse- ment are so readily available in so many different forms, the average man, one imagines, would be happy to retire at 60 if he were able to continue living in modest comfort. The old conception of the dignity of labor has been weakened by the in- troduction into offices and factories of machines that can do as much work in a day as a man can do in three. Work has become in many ways less satisfying to the individ- ual than it used to be. Craftsman- ship has decayed, and one cannot expect a workman to take so much pride and pleasure in' operating a machine that manufactures a sin- gle unit as his grandfather did in making the whole joh himself by KONRAD HENLEIN 'North America has its Edgar Bergen and Charlie McCarthy; being treated to a similar exhibi- tion of ventriloquism by two no less prominent figures than Adolf speaks but thé words appear' to come from the mouth of Henlein, who as leader of the Sudeten Ger- man party in Czechoslovakia, is calling for union with Germany. Henlein is only 40 years old. Nevertheless he fought in the Aus- trian army (like Hitler) during the Great War, was wounded on the Trentino front, captured by the Italians and sent to alittle island in the Mediterranean where became an adept at gymnastics. After the peace treaties, he found his native town was now part of the newly-created Czechoslovakia, and he himself, born of German stock, was one of the minority. Organized Athletic Unions Henlein worked as a bank clerk for a while, became dissatisfied and took up the teaching of gym- nastics at Asch, near the German "swift. Europe at the present moment' is' Hitler and Konrad Hénlein. Hitler' "he mastered the Czech language; border. His rise from obscurity was Henlein went from town to town in his capacity of gym- nasties teacher, organizing unions of German-speaking athletes -- + (Turnvereins) in opposition to the Czech-speaking "'sokols." From 1925 on Henlein incorporateéd' a great many of Hitler's ideas in the new organizations and mould- ed his men into veritable "storm troopers." In October of 1933 Henlein formed the Sudeten Deutsche Par- "tei when the Czech Gov. dissolved the German Nazi and Nationalist parties. Two years ater, his party met with tremendous success in the elections, formed the second largest bloc in the Czech parlia- ment. The Man Unmasked At that timé, Henlein still pre- tended 'to support democracy but - the mask began slipping. He made innumerable visits to Berlin, con- sulting' with General Goering and ° other Nazi officials. In October, 1937, he openly asked for auton- omy for the German minority in Czechoslovakia. Secure in the knowledge that he ii backed by Hitler, the once unknown gymnastics teacher has ~ gone on from threat to threat. The two demands he now makes are: autonomy for the German minority in Czechoslovakia; a change in the foreign policy of Czechoslovakia which "would in- clude abandonment of its alliances with France and Soviet Russia.. No Martyr, He ----In-June;--1988; -Henlein was charged with treason, but the ac- cusation was almost immediately withdrawn since the Czech govern- .ment has no desire to make a martyr of him. - The picture at the head of the column shows Henlein, medium- sized, short-sichted, athletic, leav- ing his hotel-4n London, England in May when he called on certain British diplomats seeking their sympathy and support. Remarkable Dog Good Policeman Chasing Autos Few dogs have the intelligence . of Major, a mongrel owned by Bob- -by 'HcConuell-of-Lanigan, Sask., 76 miles east of Saskatoon. Adept at the usual begging, roll- has also learned to prevent other dogs from running after automo- biles. : 2 Early in hig life Major was rep- rimanded by Master Bobby for chasing cars and he learned his lesson well. Now he acts as con- stable to the other dogs by should- ering them from the road when au- tos pass.' y Warns of Fire On one occasion the dog spotted a fire. His antics aroused work- men and the building was saved. .- escorts the neighborhood children to school, often carrying. their "books. ; ~ Major has learned to carry wood into the house but insists on a re- ward for his efforts. Once the ex- pected reward was not forthcoming so Major calmly picked up the wood and took it out of the house. Poverty Comrion ST. JOHN'S, Nfld. -- Newfound- land's employment problem geéner- ally has failed to improve during the last six months despite high hopes held at the beginning of the Mongrel Stops Other Canines ing and shaking paw tricks, Major~ Every morning and noon Major In Newfoundland "year 1938. Of a total population of about 290,000, 50,000 persons are on able-bodied relief and many others are very near it. More than 12,000 fishermen are without supplies or . any other means of support. In some cases discontent at their lot -- poverty, hardship, the dole-- has driven people to open protest against conditions. Reasons for Hard Times The four are: Suspension of thew Cander development because of ° changes in plans of the English newsprint company, Bowater-Lloyd, Limited, fathers of the proposals; delay in conclusion of general sea- foods agreement with the commis- sion of government; setback in the herring-reduction operations of the Santa Cruz Oil Company owing to lack of herring in Placentia Bay; and curtailment of forestry opera- tions. : On Mistress Allee Oliver Here sleéps, past earth's awaken- ing, A woman, true as' pretty; Who was herself in every thing; And wise no less than witty. Her lightest turn of foot--hand-- head Was way of wind with water; So with her thoughts and all she said-- It was her heart had taught her. O_ thou most dear and loving soul, Think not I shall forget thee; ~~ Nor take amiss what here ig writ For those who never met thee! --Walter de la Mare, in The Lyric. Manufacturers of Britain n- creased production $64,000,000 last 'year, : harjd.--Glasgow Herald, adil Odd drain - inating What do you mean, allies?" asked the King. "I'll explain," sald Guph, "You're going to attack a mighty country. = They 'haven't much of an army in Oz, but Ozma has a fafry wand and your magic "pelt, and. in the south of the Em. erald City lives a Sorceérdss named Glinda, Also there is a wizard who is very good and it will be no easy thing to overcome all this magle." ers!" cried the King, proudly. "Yes, but they are gnomes," remarked Guph, knocking the ashes out of his pipe on the King's chest, "Gnomes are immorfals," but they are not very strong on magic... When you lost your magie belt, most of your magic power was taken. Against Ozma you and your gnomes would have no show at all." The King's eyes flashed angrily. "We have fifty thousand soldl- ' machine!" he cried. . "Not "yet," aid the, general, filling his pipe om the King's tobatco pouch, Jhat will you do?" asked the onarch. "I propose to obtain the power we need," answered Guph. . "There are many evil creatures who have gufficlent power to con- wer and destroy the Land of Oz. e will get them on our side and then take Ozma and her people by surprise." "Then Away you go to the slicing AN NODS SINS The Kifig Wdd alighted with (his 1ded for he realized how clever it was, "Truly, Guph, you are' the greateat general I have ever had!" he exclaimed, his éyes sparkling with joy. "You go at once and make arrangements with the evil powers to assist us and meantime 111 begin to dig the tunnel" I thought ' you'd "agree with the, King," replied the: gnome. "I'll start this very afternoon to visit the chief of the Whimsies." OTTAWA .--Possibility of elim. surgical operations for the removal of gallstones was fore- cast in a report to the American Association for the Advancement "of Science by Dr. Arno Viehoe- ver of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science. The Chinese telescope fish, which has no secrets because it is almost completely transparent, may make' such an 'advancement in medical treatment possible, he declared, beécause for the first time it is 'possible to study direct- ly in a living! organism the action of chemicals in cleaning out the gall bladder. ; Occurrence of gallstones is most frequent. during the middle and later life, Dr. Viehoéver said, and the disturbance is six times more prevalent in North America than in such "Oriental countries as Japan. At present surgical re- moval is the only known method of treatment. : By use of the telescope fish it is possible to study directly the action of chemicals on the gall bladder, which is visible without the aid of a magnifying lens, he said. Certain chemicals, known as 'cholagogues," stimulate the removal of bile from the bladder and in some cases dissolve the stones which obstruct the outlet of the bladder. Grass Is Best | Asset To Farm However--Pastures Should Not Be QOvergrazed. With the awakened appreciation of the value of grass, pasture im. provement studies have become ma- jor projects at experimental farms and stations in every province lof the Dominjon. Exceedingly profit- able results from the application of chemical fertilizers have been de- , monstrated and the economy of the practice confirmed on many a farm where the stock carrying capacity of the pasture has been moi'e than doubled. J Some farmers with light soils, low in nitrogen, have shown a pre- ference for the" Spring application of complete fertilizers of 2-12-6 or 4-12-6 analysis, but in the better pasture areas, and especially where clover is present in the herbage. Fall applications of high phosphate- potash fertilizer of the type 0-16-6 is the more approved practice. The' addition of these minérals promotes vigorous voting, thus fortifying the herbage against drought and Win- ter-killing and definitely encourag- ing the growth of wild white clover. Grazing pastures to the point of depletion of plant food in the soil is an unscund practice, dating back to the days of unlimited areas of virgin land, and has no place in the production of our modern high quality farm products and main- tenance of our improved live stock, Trouble For Some Coming in 1939 British "Almanack' Says Hitler and Mussolini Had Both Better Beware LONDON, Erngland--Foulsham's Original Old Moore's Almanack, which claims to be published under an original copyright dating back to 1697, prophesies 'world events of sweeping importance for next year.- The decline of Benito Mussolini's dictatorship is predicted for No- vember, 1939, the lunation of which "is adverse for Muskolini, whose sway will be rapidly declining through discontent fostered by eco- nomic stress, partly through the reigning dynasty now éxercising much more control than hitherto'in Italidn affairs." : . Of July, the Almanack says: "Italy and Germany appear to be both faced with financial and eco- nomic troubles of so stubborn a na- ture as to be incapable of relief merely by resort to the printing 'préss and these difficulties are 1ikely to render the position of Mus- golini somewhat precarious." They Catch Crabs With Their Tails In Malay nionkeys catch crabs with their tails. It's a common sight to see colonies of them swarming over the beatHes look ing for crab-holes. A tail goes inté each hole, and ag fishermen 'play their lines, so the monkeyr play their tails, evading' the crabs pincers and luring it to the gon \ face, J 'Ohce the crab is above ground - the monkey pounces on him, London now has 2,000,000 cata Italy faces a sérious crop shorts age, Its the Most Neglected Crop,