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w. - " THE WORLD AT LARGE ~ ment by the firéside, laying plans ~ trast with the snow and ice outside. ~ attain, : "=. There are few of the i= CANADA, THE EMPIRE PRESS CANADA ; PROMISE OF SPRING Once again the seed catalogues for a new season are appearing in the mails to set the gardener building fairy-castles of achievement for the coming Spring and Summer. They open out for him hours of enjoy- and creating visions that gain a special joy and value from the con- The gardener is one of the shining 'exponents of human optimism, He never reaches his goal . fully but every year he hopes to do so; or, at least, to come closer to it. The seed catalogue is one of the perennial stimulants to his ambition, leading him to fresh planning and joys of anticipation almost as sweet as the joys of actual realization. As he turns over -its pages and considers what he will grow in the coming season he. sees in his mind vege- tables reaching a perfection and flowers a uniformity of beauty and .bloom 'that they seldom, if ever, more pleasurable occupations thar fire-side gardening with its distinctive' advantages of requiring neither labor nor money. It brings to those who indulge in it the promise of Spring. It marks in RADIO GATHERS NO NEWS It finally gets under the skin to hear it said "The radio seems to get its news faster than, the newspap- ers' | 0x Let us try and make this point clear, The radio companies are not news gathering agencies. They get their news from the newspapers or from associations of newspapers like the Canadian Press or Associate Press. : i Radio stations do not maintain a staff of reporters or news editors to gather their material and then put it in shape for use. News is first gathered by the staffs of newspapers all over the country;] it is then forwarded to the central stations for distribution by wire service to other newspapers. \ The news gathering services main- tained by the newspapers supply the news which comoes over the radio.-- Peterboro Examiner. - ; * % =» : A LITTLE MIXED A Goderich bank clerk out of force of habit is said to have ad- dressed a letter "Halifax, N. S. F." The young man must have gotten confused between Nova Scotia and Alberta.--Stratford Beacon-Herald. . * * * SMALLEST NEWSPAPER When + 1 kh hia: ! employer. The land is good, but life on the land is hard, Driven down by foreign competition, the farmer pays the best he can, but it is little enough. You rich towns! Defend the labour- ers! They are worthy of your hire! Vote the farms the prices that en- able them to pay a decent wage! -- London Daily Express. British Woman Doctor's Report On Maternal Mortality An important contribution to- wards solving part of the problem of maternity mortality has been made by Dr. Dora Colebrook, and the results have been issued by the d| British Medical Research Council, Of the 3,000. maternal deaths which occur in England and Wales each year as a direct consequence of childbirth it is estimated that 1,200 are due to "sepsis," that is to say, to blood poisoning and other serious forms of infection, Of these deaths, 900 are attribu- table to a particular microbe called the haemolytic streptacaccus, and it is estimated by Dr. Colebrook that 64 per cent., or 6576 deaths, is defin- itely preventable, together with the non-fatal illness of over another 2,- 000 women, ' SOURCES OF INFECTION ~~ This figure of 64 per cent. is bas- ed upon the research dealt within the Report, which mainly consisted in tracking down the actual source of the infection .of mothers admitted to hospial. Broadly speaking, the results go to show that the microbes lurk in the "a Eat on | PF 1. 4 a | FE» 3 i} » J > he TC ow ; "better. Perhaps their * that there are (or were in 1938) ~The heaviest townshi of York : ood ' their hearts.--Kingston - and then stay awake listening and _ reading public wants; it is not in- - outstanding except a few for local onprovepients. A glance through the ~ Onta them the possession of Spring in Whig-Stan- dard. .? : Ld * * * STAYING OUT LAYE ~,A. good many folk who seem Bent on late hours never considér the: worry they cause their = parents, Many times the parents go to bed waiting for" the door to open and close with the homecoming of the young folk.--Peterborough Examiner. * 0% 0% MOTHERS' ADVICE Most - mothers advise daughter to marry a man she can trust and then not trust him far.--Brandon Sun. * * * SENSE IN A CENTENARIAN Aged 103 and still active, a Wind- sor woman replied: "Le Bon Dieu regulates that, not me," when asked for her recipe for longevity. In such a response she exhibits a great deal 'more common sense than other cen- tenarians who commouly attribute their ages to.the fact that they have drunk barrels of whiskey or never washed their hair. -- Brockville Re- corder. : 3 AIRF * * 3 gE FOR LETTER-WRITERS' ~ With the New Year: resolution period started the Herald ve- spectfully suggests to writers of let- ters to the papers that they should resolve to shorten up their epistles. Letters to the editor are always wel- come, provided they conférm to cor- respondence rules, otherwise they are likely to be a source.of troiible and worry. : : The letter the editor likes best to see is that-dealing with a subject of general public interest in which the writer's viewpoint is clearly and concisely expressed. Generally speak- ing this is the sort of letter the terested in lengthy, discursive epistl- es in' which arc embodied enough points, necessarily poorly expressed, to make material for a book.--Cal- gary Herald. i * i * THE JOB OF THE PRESS The job of the press is mainly to give people the news. If the news is not always the cheeriest, whose fault is it? Possibly the blame should go in part to persons whose special job in life is seeking to make the world technique or approach_to problems is defective, * 'The Leader-Post "believes it is largely a superficial view that the newspapers are responsible for the state of the world. The state of the world may be responsible fore the] newspapers, good, bad or indiffer- ent. the part of human beings to push the blame off on the other fellow. It's one of the eadiest things in life. As a matter of fact, there has been no difficulty at 'all about writing the above pavagraph. -- Regina Leader- Post. *® * x ALMOST AS GOOD . Wallace township in Perth county]. .- was: given publicity lately as having a very low tax rate, no debenture] debtg and no bank borrowings. WoodstockSentinel-Review points out that West Zorra's, record is almost as good, there Weing no debentures shows vernments reports the province. debt is that then at close York is practi. many such townships in in name & town:| There is quite a tehdency on' The | LA RIA11] it LOTS Lo boyish enthusi asm and enterprise, a word is to be said for I. A, Shortliffe, editor, and R., E, Cann, assistant, who produce the Tiny Tattler, "Canada's smallest newspaper", in Central Grove, Nova Scotia, a farming community of about 25 families. These two lads embarked on their publishing venture nearly three years ago when each was only 13 years old, and the paper has never failed to "go to press" every other Saturday. The Star is in receipt of a copy of a yecent issue, the pages of which are only six by four inches in size. There are 12 pages which contain cleverly condensed reading. material, social notes and so on, and "the largest display of advertising" in the unique paper's existence. The type is sizeable and easily read. There are several full-page and smaller ad- vertisements from dealers in nearby towns.--Windsor. Star. frigid - THE EMPIRE FEWER ROAD DEATHS Congratulations to the Ministry of Transport on the decrease of 822 in the total of killed upon the ioads in 193856. If is the biggest drop since these lugubrious statistics were pub- lished, and it is the more important because there has been an increase of 160,000 in the number of motor vehicles upon the road. There is a colossal task still ahead. Further improvemeint can be secured by re: sponding enthusiastically to the ap- peal which Sir Malcolm Campbell makes when he urges courtesy, con- sideration, and circumspection on all drivers--unselfishness, in fact. That is the ultimate path to safety.---Lon- don Daily Mail. * * * A FORGOTTEN MAN The Government plans that in future days the farm labourer will be insured against unemployment. Praise the Government, who have given justice at last to the lowliest und the most needy of all workers. Man lives by bread, if not by bread alone. Yet of all toilers this one has been left naked to the charity. of his In Musical Wedding Marlo Iturbf, 18.year.old daught. er of Jose Iturbl, Spanish planist and orchestra conductor, who be. came: the bride of Stephan Hero, - 20.year.old violin prodigy, at Bed. ford Hills, N.Y. omajice began three years ago when Hero was A pupil of her father, 5 . nose and throat of tie patient or of] those in contact with the patient and that the identification of such germs obtained on swabs from the nose and throat), with those actually causing the septic' "condition of the patient can be proved in a high pro- portion of cases. : : The technical difficulties of the work are very great and at times it almost resembles pure "detective" activity, It was shown, for example, that apart from microbes in the nose and throat there were other dangers. The sreptococcus responsible for a patient's illness was traced once to the ear of a child ofsthe patient, and on another occasion to the 8ep- tic finger of a child of the patient. The microbes were founa mn the nose and throat of doctors and mid- wives attending the patient inm--some instances, while in others it was traced to the handy-woman, the hus- band, child, mother or father of the patient. PREVENTIVE MEASURES The great importance of these re- sults is that their acceptance will re- sult in the development of methods of preventing contamination of the mother, 3 jvidence is produced to show_that in certain maternity institutions this task has been brough near to achievement, The work upon which the. results are based has been largely carried out at the Bernhard Baron Memor- ial Research Laboratories of the Queen Charlotte's Hospital Isolation Block at Hammersmith, supported in part by the Medical Research Coun- cil and by the Rockefeller Founda- tion of New York. Skating Garb Is Gone Military PARIS.--Skating costumes have gone mijlitary along with the rest of feminine fashions. One practical en- semble in green wool consists of a long-sleeved dress and a loose cape. The dress is made with a fitted bod- ice, which is double-breasted and fastens with twin rows of military brass 'buttons, A green leather belt encircles the high neck and the flaring skirt is cut circular. The cape ig lined with fleecy sheepskin, as is the attached 7 ery in red, white and green, cowl-like hood. The cape fastens securely at the neck and has slits for the arms in case the weather is cold enough -to necessitate wearing an extra wrap while skating. Lesg military and more feminine fs a skating dress in hunters green 4 wool, which is trimmed with a high, rcund neck poke. of string embrold- A wider band of the same embroidery trims the waistline and a tiny skull cap of red, white and green string with gloves to match rounds out the outfit, ; ' For the woman who doesn zo in for erdvous skating there is a snit in brown, white and putty plaid tweed, which is worn with a blouse of brown suede, The revers, cuffs and pockets of the finger-tip coat are likewise trimmed with patches of brown suede. Eilher a divided skirt or a full skirt can be worn, with a double kick pleat in front and back to insure sufficient freedom of movement, 43 CNSFPORTR HOT SHOTS) By KEN EDWARD | "SIR 19 MAKING GOOD IN BIG TIME HOCKEY o he ____ _ a} YOUNGSTER WHO Z| Nicholas John "Red" Metz, who has won himself the name of "Pokerface" due to the fact that hever smiles or cheers even though his mates might slip in a dozen goals at one time, was born in - Wilcox, Manitoba. Metz, a former St. Michaels Col- lege player got his break in big time hockey when Joé Primeau was. forced out of action, Nick filled his position between the great Charles Conacher and Har- EE ---- i ------------ F drm Problems Conducted by Professor Henry G. Bell with the co-operation of the various departments of » * Ontario Agricultural College. The business of farming is yearly becoming more and more dependent upon facts that have been gathered re- garding livestock and livestock manage- ment, crop production, soll management, disease and inésct control and business organization of the farming industry. Individual problems involving one or more of these, and many other phases of agriculture, engage the attention of Ontario farmers from day to day. Dur- ing the winter months there is a little more time for study of the most acuteé problems. Through this column rarmers may secure the latest information pertain- ing to thelr difficulties, To introduce this service Professor Bell has prepared the following typical probems to In- dicate the information which should be given in order that a satisfactory an- swer can be made, If answer is desired by letter enclose stamped and addressed envelope = for reply. Address all Inquiries to Pro- fessor Henry G. Bell, Room 421, 73 Adelaide St. OW. Toronto, Ontario. * L LJ Question: R. P. Wellington--- . Question:--Ny orchard of spies and a few other varieties is not doing well, I have manured it pretty well, the past couple of years-- plachg the manure around the tree, fairly close up. There are & lot of small greenish apples tha do not ripen up well, soil 1s a stoney loam, What can I do to improve the apple crops? Answer;--To obtain a good crop of apples it is usually necessary to follow an "all-round" or balanced programme of proper spraying, soil management, pruning, and thin. ning. Mature trees in good vigor should make a annual shoot ! Only Machines Pavlov's Attempt To Weld Mind and Body Into One The moment is near whwen physl. t ology and psychology will be united, The orchard when the painful contrast between my body and my mind will be remov. ed forever," wrote Pavlov rece is largely n\etaphysical and ori ed with Descartes, For decades psy- chologists, led by Pavlov, have been trying to break it down. Pavlov, it will be remembered, Is the discoverer of conditioned reflexes, , growth of 6 to-8 inches in length, {Automatic swallowing, winking of the Poor growth may be an indlcation eyes, the involuntary kicking of the of a shallow or fertile soil and will lower leg when it is lightly struck - result in poor crops. If the soil {s below the knee are examples of un. deep aud well drained, applications | condiional reflexes. the | food and at the same time strike a of manure should improve But give a dog growth, The manure should be ap- (bell. repeat this association over and plied from about 2 feet from the trunk out as far as 2 or 3 feet be- yond the spread of branches. A heavy crop of small apples in- dicates a need for heavy thinning. The apples should be thinned to 6 or 8 inches apart as soon after the June drop as possible. BE. A. H. Banks, M.S, Dept. of Horticulture, 0.A.C. Our Official Censor Explains His Duties --_ From the National Review flerald During the past as--in--former calendar year, Champion At Spelling Backwards ROCHESTER, N.Y, -- Mrs, Mary Lewis Cole, 77, a native Canadian who claimed the world's champion- ship in spelling words backward, over again and the time will come when at the mere sound of the bell the dog's mouth will wa'er just as it food were laid before him, Here we have the classic example of con. ditioned reflexes. In Vestnik Akademi Nauk U.S.SR. (Communications of the Academy of Science U.S.S.RO and Privoda (Nae ture) Professor N. A. Podkopayev: and G, P. Zelnyi respectively sume marize the more reeen' work of Pav. lov and his school in this attempt to weld mind and body into one, SIGNALS MAY BE INTERNAL It turns out that the conditioning signal need not he some hing out. slde the body, like a bell or a light. For example it may be an irritation of the lining of the stomach, Pavlov vey Jackson paking a very favor. | bio tmpressioR on tlie hockey au- thorities. Metz is a powerfully built lad for 22 years, his suppleness being a feature that enables him to take a pass from any position without "great exertion. Weighing 170 pounds Red Metz of the Infant Line is a wonderful back-checker and a good shot either way. This coming kid plays left wing with the Toronto Leafs and does a mighty fine job of it. This young war bird speaks very little (no fault), probably he believes in that old adage "Action speaks loudér than words", SO THEY SAY! "America is being steadily driven to the closer and closer co-operation with Europe, both economically aud politically."--Viscount Cecil, * * * ""The theatre, it seems to me, is -as various as the world its drama reflects, and as constantly changing." --George Jean Nathan. «4 ow "There are so many small pleasur- es and so few big ones that the part of wisdom leads us to pay close at- tention to these little ones." -- Burris Jenkins. . J * x * v "The most vulgar behaviour pos- | sible anywhere in public is that which purposely attracts attention to what {or representations of any ( a treasoable or seditious, or of an one does or says.' Emily Post. > * * ! "There is no such thing as unim- aginative scientific man." -- Dean Inge. co » * " "The capriciousness of the motion picture public is amazing. Why should they want the things they do and why should they want them when they do?"--Lionel Barrymore. » * * "Marriage is a case of give and take. I regret to admit that from the American woman's point of view it is often much more take than give." --Elsie Janis. * * » "A university degree is. not a favor, it is a responsibility. It is not a gift, it is a debt.--Harold Bell Wright. * * * "We are no longer. so much in- clined to feel that if -soimething is foreign and 'unintelligible, ft must be good."--Lawrence Tibbett. + Ll] * LJ "The Good Samaritan has always fascinated me. What fun he must have had!"--Sir Wilfred Grenfell, * > * Broadcasting the culture of other nations helps us to understand, their thoughts."--Guglielmo Marcon, * LJ * "Pruning is indispensable in grow- ing fine plants, thinning too; is it not possible to learn from Nature a basic and irrefutable lesson?" -- Eva Le Gallienne, ' * "Only fools fear crime; we all fear poverty."--George Bernard Shaw, eu "Change is 'one of the most peri- lous things in the world. There is only=one thing I can think of more dangerous--not to change," --Harry Emerson Fosdick, 60 "Let ur have training in hygiene and eugenics, Let us have training for motherhood and fatherhood, Let us get ready for living -- Edwii Markham, ; & considerable degree of success hag attended the efforts of the department in prevent- ing the importation into Canada of indecent books #nd magazines. Vig- ilance by collectors of customs and other officers has resulted in the in- terception of large quantities and there has been constant co-operation by all concerned with the official examiner of publications at head- quarters. Many books and maga- zines were after examination pro- hibited importation by departmental memorandum, Others were seized or returned__to the exporters in other countries.' as--in--former--yenrs It would appea: that some mis- conception exists regarding the pow- ers of the department in .this re- gard, Censorship not by any means a. new thing. Power to pre- vent the importation of immoral or indecent publications hag existed in all tarifis since. Confederation, and was incorporated in the tariff schedules of "the provinces prior to 1867. It is therefore not a new de- parture. is In order that the matter may be made clear, the following details are given: ) y . Item 1202, Schedule Crof the Cus- toms Tariff, classifies as prohibited woods: "Books, printed paper, draw- ings, paintings, prints, photographs kind of immoral or indecent character." Section 13 of the Customs Tariff "Act weads: "The importation into Canada of anv...gogds enumerated, described or referred to in Schedule C to this Act iy prohibited; and any such goods imported shall thereby 'become forfeited to the Crown and shall be destroyed or otherwise dealt with as the Minister directs; and any person importing any such prohibited goods, or causing or pér- mitting them to be imported, shall for each offence incur a penalty not exceeding 2200." : The question is sometimes asked as to the methods employed to pre- vent the importation of indecent publications. Collectors of Customs are constantly forwarding sample copies covering importations to Ot- tawa for the attention of the cxam- iner of publications. In addition many organizaions and individual citizes draw attention. to undesir- able books and periodicals. During the calendar year 1935 the examiner of publications receiv- ed. 2,300 letters. The number. of individual books .- sent in for exam- ination was 1,380, shipments totalling 5,290 copies. In the twelve months official memor- anda prohibiting importation of 95 individual titles were issued, A me- morandum is sent to colldctor® only when a' book or magazine is likely to have a general circulation, In many cases obviously indecent books, pho- tographs ,etc,, are ordered to Le geized and no memorandum is jssued as their. importation is not likely to be of a general character, It ia particularly desired that col- lectors and others continue to for- ward to the oxaminer of publica- tions any book or . periodical of a doubtful character, Delivery of such importations should he with. held in all cases until a report is received thereon. Close co-opera- tin is essential, During the year samples of alleg- ed treasonable or seditious publi. cations, many of them in foreign languages, tovering 'shipments of 17,167 copies were received, shifting -from. one representing | died here recently as she was about to enter a hospital for treatment. She collapsed on the sidewalk in front of the institution and died of a heart attack within a few minutes. Mrs. Cole said she had been able to spell words backwards since early childhood. She received internation- al recognition for her unique ability and 'wag a popular figure at spelling bees in this vicinity. She was born in Burlington, Ont., but had lived here for more than half a century. Livery farm product has its day. The farmer who raises the same product year after year is sure to be on the right.side of the market while one who keeps line to another may miss most- of the good market turns, besides not learning all there is.to know in any one line. sometimes, + Slenderizing Model N RRs Q UN a NEY W NS Na NN SN AAs N NS NN NN ON NNN MN %. \ 3330 1) r A smart and lovely model which is suitable for matrons and young- er women, is today's pattern.- ; If carried out in crepe silk (like. the original), it will be charming for afternoon wear, and could be worn very effectively also for in. formal evening affairs, v Lightweight woolens, sheer crepes, etc, are other good medi. ums, . . It's simplicity, itself to make, Style No. 3330 fa designed for sizes 16, 18 years, 36, 38, 40, 42, ,44 and 46.inches bust, Size 36 re. quires 4% yards of 39.inch ma. terial with 3% yards of braid, HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS Write your name and address plainly, giving number and size of pattern wanted, Enclose 1bc in stamps or coin (coin prefer. red; wrap it carefu W 'and ad- dress your order to Wilson Pat- orn Hervice, 73 West Adelaide treet, Toronto. ie and his assistants injected a dead culture of bacteria (staphylococcus) info the peritoneum (lining of the abdominal cavity) of a rabbit, with definite physlological and chemical effects. Next they preceded the in- jection by sounding a hell, After ten or fifteen repetitions of the ex. periment the sound of the bell alone was enough to bring about precisely the same effect, Dozens of othr experiments have been - performed which -~convince Pavlov that every aclion can be trac- ed to the brain and that all our liv- ing and thinking ac'ivities ave pure. ly. chemical and mechanical, We are still far from understanding the mech- anism of the body, which includes mind, but to Pavlov's way of think- ing we are well on the road. EXCITATION AND INTERRUPTION How are we to explain high pas. sfon, anger, melancholia? A combination of two effects, accord- ing to Pavlov. Excita'ion and in. terruption--nothing more. There are outer and Inner interruptions. Pav. lov takes tie utmost. care to exclude the outer ones, Hence the sound- proof rooms of his laboratory, the suppression of lights and odors. It turng out that the inner interrupt. tions occurs in stages and not all at once, A dog whose mouth waters at the mere sound of a bell soon becomes unconditioned. A time comes when no saliva flows when thé bell is rung. Tero wa have an onter interruptive effect, If a dog conditioned to water at the mouth when a bell is rung suddenly encounters a eat and hegins to chase it there is again an inter. ruption, meaning that the saliva ceases to flow Pavlov recognizes still 4 thivd In- terruptive offect--one which asserts ftgelt when the stimulus exceeds the limit of endurance, There is a com- plete cessation of mental activ y. Pavlov regards this as a means of antomatically protecting the proto. plasm when it is threatened with tirreparable injury or destruction. | | | i { ness" This conception of a maxinnnm en. ables Pavlov to clagsi'y nervous sy. stems info strong, moderately strong and weak in terms of excitation -- perhaps the first time that "nervous. hag heen ceien ifically define ed. It becomes possble tg say that the man who "is given to flying into a rage has a type of mental activity that is easily interrupted. The-phleg. ma'ie type that does not blink when a firecracker {8 set off under his chair represents the other extremé, In be. tween we find the perfect balance between response to excltation and self-control that marks 'he safe and sound personality, ist Tough: Smart cop back there! But | got his goat. 2nd Tough: Huh, he still has his billle. "The names splashed: ver es of history are not: then lives were happy or ea es never made histor , | Barton Cutten, mere -