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i + 3a L & x A > 1 7 { |» i: } 3 : F3 Ln 3 i aan, ht i A A 4 oY rs WORLD TRADE - bers have "in a few cases. 1 a ON MEAT It is impossible to estimate with any degree of accuracy the number of cattle, sheep and pigs in the world, because in many areas the figures "are either incomplete or entirely lacking. At a rough estimate says the summary on "Meat" just issued by the Imperial Economic Committee, the total number of cattle may be in the region of 600 millions, of which about two-fifths are in the British Empire; sheep may number about 7560 millions, with bétween one-third to two fifths in the Empire, and pigs not quite 800 millions, of which not more than b per cent are in Empire coun- tries. In countries with reliable data it would appear that cattle num- tended to decline since 1925. On the other hand, the numbers of sheep and pigs in these countries have expanded during the same period, Livestock numbers do not afford a reliable indication of meat. produc- tion, due largely to the different pur- poses for which the animals are kept. Cattle may be intended primarily for milk production or for draught pur- poses, and in the largest sheep-rais. ing countries wool ig of more import- ance than mutton. India, with more than one quarter of the world's num- ber of cattle, does not figure as an important beef-producing country. It is evident that there has been a downward trend in the world's beef consumption and a change over to mutton and pork in recent years, both in the countries which normally con- sume more beef than pork and in those where pork is the more popu- Jar meat, chiefly Canada and the United States, Germany and some northern European countries. Also there are striking contrasts in the apparent consumption of meat per head in the various countries, al- though the figures are available only .The peoples of New Zealand, Australia and Argentine are large meat eaters, mainly beef in the last named, and Loth beef and mut- ton in the first two, the total in each country being well over 200 pounds of meat per.head. In Canada, the United States, and Great Britain the per head consumption averages about "150 pounds, of which pork accounts for about 80 pounds and beef for . about 60 pounds in the cases of Can- ada and the United States while in Great Britain beef accounts for about 656 pounds, pork under 50 pounds, and mutton for 30 pounds. Germany eats more pork than beef; France more beef than pork, and neither of them any material amount of mutton, their aggregate consump- tion of all meats being approximately 110 pounds per head for Germany and 90 pounds per head for France. A recent feature of the beef trade has been the successful inauguration of chilled beef exports from Empire countries. Prior to 1932 this trade was negligible, but shipments ap- proached a quarter million hundred- weights in 1934, Canada, South Af- rica, Southern Rhodesia, Australia, and New Zealand all participating. The total United Kingdom imports of chilled beef in 'that year were eight and a half million hundredweights. With regard to mutton and lamb, there has been an appreciable ex- pansion in world trade within the Past ten years, while the interna- tional trade in pig meat is dominated by the movement of bacon and hams to the United Kingdom, The main feature of . the trade during this period has been the development of imports from European countries and the decline in supplies from the United States. Denmark supplied 56 per cent of all bacon imported in 1934, but the United States is still the principal source of the much smaller imports of hams, and ac- counted for two-thirds of the imports in 1934. The Empire share of United Kingdom imports of bacon and hams has 'been declining for a number of years and comprised under five per cent in 1032, against over 20 per cent in 1395. Since then, the propor- tion has risen substantially, due chiefly to expanding imports from Lanada, as provided under the Otta- wa 'agreement, In 1934, Empire sup- plies accounted for 17 per cent of the total. Acidity Tests Being Offered Harrow.,--The Dominion Experi- mental Station at Harrow offers its services, upon request, in conduct- ing soil acidity tests to determine whether application of lime is re- quired, any the amount necessary. "When the question of liming SCOUTING | hi re , Ties A'brother to every other Scout, without regard to race or creed Ce ------ Considering how many opportunit- ies we have er making mistakes, even the worst of us do fairly well, First Friend: -- Hear about the Scotchman who went insane? - Second Frlend--No, what was the matter? : : First Friend--He bought a score card at the ball game and neither side scored. ---- When we get wisdom teeth it does not mean we are wholly wise, but just learning a little more about teeth, Short engagements are" better, The bride hasn't time to wear out her fin. ery showing it to her friends, Kelley and Cohen were having din- ner together. Cohen helped himself to the larger fish and Kelley said: Kelley--Fine manners ye have, Co- hen, If I had reached out first I'd bave taken the smaller fish. Cohen--Vell, you've got it, haven't you? One of the most senseless things fmaginable Is criticism when all facts and factors are unknown, Angry Wife--Now that I have an electric refrigerator, see what you can do about getting a mechanical stenographer, Passenger (to captain of sinking ship)--Captain, as there are no more lifeboats. and all the boats are full, will you teach me to swim? Pretty Girl--My, how very bashful you are! Young Man--Yes, I take after my father in that respect, I guess, Pretty Girl-=Was your father bash- ful? Young Man--Was he? mother says if Father hadn't been so darn bashful, I'd be four years older. Smile, and the sun will plerce the hadows, Trust, and the mists will roll away; Give, and the heavens will shine with glory; Love, and your life will be one glad day, One little boy was asking what headstrong meant: "That's when ma makes up her mind to have a new hat," he replied naively, Man: --Fve just been reading some statistics bere--Every time I breath a man dies. : Ys Friend: --Gosh, man! Why don't you use some of these highly adver- tised mouth antiseptics? : Marriage hasn't failed. It isn't the 'scheelle fault if a lot of puplls ex- pect to pass without working at it. / Ragson Tatters:--What's the news, Windy? . Windy Wolf:--I'm not reading the news, I'm looking for a job. Ragson:--It appears to me that are reading the "Female help wanted" column, : Windy: --Well, ain't my wife a fe- male? . -- The man who always "says what he thinks," says it down town. At home he's careful to think what he says, ra Junfor:--What's a debtor, Daddy? Father:--A man who owes money, Junior:--And what fg a creditor? Father:--The man who thinks he is going to get it. : - PRIZE CONTESTS for Artists and Authors AUTHORITATIVE COUN- SEL ON WINNING PRIZE CONTESTS is the title. of an artiele by one who is a arises, the first step should be a soil "An actlve-acidity together with a knowledge of, I requirements as to soil type acidity, will determine to a large, égie the suitability of sofls for Se . " various crops. 'Such 'a test will indicate quite de 'tely whether lime is required. A is needed, the quantity, required to reduce the acidity of a' particular soil to a suitabl point, for a specific crop can be determin- ed. This is one of the services ren- dered by the Dominion Experiment. al Station, here, upon request, acidity test," officfal bulletin of the, ~~ station advises. "test. To, consistent winner, This article and monthly listings of Prize Contests, Syndicate Markets and Mar- kets for Illustrations for De- signs, Greeting Card De- , signs and Verses, Stories and Poems, 'supplied for a yearly subscription of $2.00." RasAr tail 39 LEE AVENUE TORONTO \ HE An Indian Village was an interest. ing feature of the Scout Forestry Demonstration Camp at Angus over the 24th-of-May week-end. The vil- lage was made quite picturesque with a couple of painted tepees, a rustic cabin and decorated Indian war shields. A council ring with log seats andseentral fireplace completed the scene, The village was in charge of Basil Partridge, an Algonquin Park Indian. * * * Ottawa Scouts interested in stamp collecting have organized a Scout stamp club to foster their hobby. The club meets on alternate Saturday mornings, * * * Over 300 Cubs, Scouts, Rovers and Scouters gathered at Nassau Park for Peterboro's Third Annual Scout Field Day. Together with eight Peterboro Scout Groups there = were present Scouts from Frankford, Co- bourg, Lindsay, Oshawa and Can- nington. The, well diversified pro- gramme was in charge of District Commissioner John T. Hornsby. *¢ + 3» When Scouts of the 1st Arvida Troop visited Quebec for the Baden- Powell rally, they were shown through the various departments of the "Chronicle-Telegraph" newspaper .| plant. L SEN SRE Simcoe, Ont.,, Scouts were guests of the Kinsmen Club at a banquet at which the guest speaker was Joe Primeau, of the famous "kid line" of Toronto's "Maple Leafs", * A» The fun of accompanying the local firemen on one of their weekly practice runs was the high spot of ERR ---- the training of Scouts of the 1st Beamsville, Ont.,, Troop for their Scout Fireman's Proficiency Badge, The boys tested hydrants and coupl- ed hose in most efficient style, ac- cording to the firemen. % Ad * ' The inclusion of twelve King's Scouts in the troop membership is a claim for distinction of the 49th 'foronto Troop. It is believed to be a record in' Toronto Scouting. *® * * An increasing number of fraternal lodges are backing Boy Scout troops, or helping them in various ways. The problem of an adequate headquarters for the 1st Montague Troop, P.E.L, was recently solved by the placing at their disposal of a large room in Oddfellow's Hall by the 1.0.0.F. + 2 » Over 2,000 trees planted was the record of this year's week-end re- forestation cmp at Miller's Lake by Scouts of Halifax and Dartmouth, N.S. A number of district Scout troops have permanent cabins in the Miller's Lake reforestation and wild life conservation area. * 2 =» The initial hike of the new 141st Toronto Scout troop, composed of coloured boys from a downtown sce- tion of the city, was a huge success and created great enthusiasm, The boys went to Armour Heights for instruction in camp fire making, cooking and camping. * * * During a hike early in May a Scout patrol of Medicine Hat, Alta,, found a gull with a broken wing. They placed the wing in splints in best first aid style, and the bird will soor be able to take the air more, Canada Passing Pioneer Age in Art Cultural Progress Viewed By National Council' Toronto.--"The era of pioneer work has 'practically passed for Canada," said - the report of Miss Elizabeth S. Nutt, Halifax, conven- er of the arts and letters committee, to the National Council of Women 'recently." "Canada is also so far ad- vanced in her industrial and manu- facturing life experience that the cultural ere has naturally risen well hee the horizon." he first art exhibit iin Briti North America-was held more ih 100 years ago in Halifax. Art ex- hibits are now plentiful throughout Canada, the report said. His Ex- cellency the Governor-General in founding the drama -festival has given fresh impetus to the drama, Music also had found a secure place among Canadians, and a dis- tinctive national note "is now found in both the prose and verse of Can- adian writers." } ' "Growth in every department and an increasing interest in fine arts and letters is the chief good which has come out of the depression," said the report of the Vancouver convener. For Manitoba "reports show the development of practical trends." Sixteen nationalities are represented at the Winnipeg Handi- craft Guild. The largest musical festival in the Empire was held in April, with 1850 entries, An arts and crafts exhibition and handicrafts hobby show were New Westminsterr's features of the year. Moose Jaw held an exhibition of Indian art. Saskatoon Local Coun- cil "are to be congratulated on their activity in cultural lines; valuable Indian research has been continued." home grown flax.is being woven in- to home made linens. Interest is increasing in the treas- ures of the Ontario Museum, Miss Nutt's report said. Toronto was particularly active in art, literatnre, drama and music. Kingston "reports an ever increasing art--conscious- The Maritime provinces have formed an association for educating the public by regular exhibitions and lectures. A summer school in paint- ing is an extension of the N.S, Col- lege of Art. West Algoma Council reports "the little theatre movement has been most active." : IN CIVIC LIFE Need of a dignified and colorful ceremony each year for the young men and women coming of age, to make them 'realize their duty and responibility to their community and country" was recommended [fi a Te: port on citizenship by Mrs. A, J. Holman, convener, Niagara Falls. From all parts of Canada, Mrs. Hol- man reported, came word of activity in civic and educational life. Edmonton, with. a woman elected to the school board, had a working committee of seven keeping in touch with civic affairs, Twelve ; members form the citizenship com- mittee in Moose Jaw and a study the school board and city council. In New Westminster an. unemploy- ment office oganized by the citizen- chip committee found positions for 170 persons. Women have been elected to a number of . civic bodies in Regina, while in Saskatoon plans are bfing made for a committee to arrange public ceremonies for reception of naturalization papers. In Victoria and Vancouver, the latter with a study group forming, women are serving on municipal bodies. Niagara Falls and Hamilton re- ported increasing number of women in_civic positions, while for the first time a woman was elected to the Ottawa Collegiate board. - At the Halifax meetings discussion was heard on a proposed civic ceremony for those reaching their majority. In Yarmouth, N.S., the committee looked after lighting of parks, and 'attention was drawn--by this body to untidy premises. In Truro, N.S. where an adult study class was formed, an annual honor prize was established for the county academy girl student who gave promise of the best future life of citizenship. Hiking Trips Into Historic Places (By S. P. B. Mais. Condensed from Passing Show, London, for the Magazine Digest.) Almost the only way to come into contact, with things past is to walk back into them. For instance. I should never have met the Dark Lady of the Sonnets, you remember, Queen Elizabeth's proud but dis- solute Maid of Honor, Shakespeare's unfaithful Mary, the wanton Mary Fytton, had I not been hiking through Cheshire. In a lovely village called Gaws- worth I came across a medieval rec- tory, the great hall of which is open to the public at a charge of a shill ing. The rector's daughter showed me over the house: and paused before a carved oak mantlepiece containing the mottor of the Fytton family, "Fitonus leve." y ; "The same," replied the girl. "She was born here, shut up in this house for kicking over the traces, went to court and--"" she shrugged her shoulders. : Mary Fytton is not an easy wo- man to visualize. And yet of all women, this dark, cold beauty who tore Shakespeare's heart in two, is surely one of the most interesting, But I should never have associated her with a; remote, almost unknown village in Cheshire. 1 * a In the village. of Neston. in the same country I came across the birthplace of another famous Eng- lishman's famous mistress -- the lovely. red-haired daughter of a blacksmith who was known first as "Emy" Lyon, later as Emma Hart, once | who then married a Hamilton, was loved and painted by Romney, and lived with Lord Nelson. ' Emma Hamilton, like Shake- group was formed. Women are on speare's Mary, died unhonored and Ses unsung, but in her lifetime she was as fiercely desired and as passion- ately loved as Mary Fytton. , Another Mary usually dogs my path as I wander to and fro over 'thé face of Britain, also fiercely loved, and in her latter life most unhappy. I came upon Mary Queen of Scots first' in' Derbyshire. As I was 'walking over the hills near Crich I came to a tiny hamlet with a large and ancient oak outside" a medieval church, and in the inn I was told how the boy Anthony Babington of Dethick, having once gazed on the face of the hapless queen as she.was brought to Riber 'Manor "on her 'way to thought of nothing else than ways and méans to rescue her, and ac- tually started to dig a tunnel from Dethick to the manor in which she was imprisoned. He was caught and hanged, and Mary once more moved on. This time to her final prison at Fother- ingay, 'It was through hiking that I came by accident on the birthplace of the fair Rosamond, mistress of Henry II,'a remote twelfth-century manor house in the tiny village of Framy- ton-on-Severn. «+ a Lancashire is an ideal land for the hiker in quest of the mysterious. I came upon the place where the Lancashire witches used to perform their unhallowed rites and where they are ultimately burnt at the stake for their sorceries. , I also saw Bashall Eaves where King Arthur fought a battle and the fairies built a stone bridge in a single night to help an aged wood- cutter to escape from the broom- stick-riding witches. Only by walking through Lanca- shire do you realize how little it has changed through the centuries in spite of the great industrial de- velopment and upheaval. De Hoghtons still live at Hogh- ton Towers, and Townleys still hold sway in the Brough of Bowland, onc of the finest mountain pass walks in England, just as they did in the days of the Wars of the Roses. The passing of Bonnie Prince Charlie scems only yesterday to rural Lancashire. In the house where I spent the night on my way through Wigan 1 was shown a claymore bearing Ferrara's own in- scription that had been dug up in the garden, a relic of the Jacobite advance or retreat. During my walks IT am always coming across traces of this romantic Prince. LJ * * I am just home from a fascinat- ing excursion into the unknown. I went out with the idea of wander- ing along that piece of the Fosse 'Way, south-west of Cirencester, that is just a wide green track heading straight for Bath. I passed at Pinkney a glorious gabled manor house that I was told was haunted. In the seventeen hundreds two disinterested brothers came knock- ing at the great door and when their heiress sister opened to them they stabbed her forthwith, but she, see- ing their intentions, made one last wild grab at the door to get back to safety, too late. Her finger-prints, covered with blood, made so deep an impression that in spite of wash- ing and repainting they still ap- pear after two hundred years. I entered the tall iron gates that led into Cirencester Park. For the first three miles I had the forest smiling old lady curtsied past me, and I came to two temples, then to a clearing with a monument to Queen Anne,-and, on the right, a stone Summer house with the words "Pope's Scat" . inscribed on it, and a castellated house covered with ivy. ~ Pope wrote most of his poems in the houses or parks of rich friends. And he always seemed to make his friends build quite retreats for him in the loveliest places. Cirencester was of importance long before the Romans turned it into one of their great strategic cen- tres. It was known to the Britons ag the "town at the head of the waters," and if you~ don't feel like following -any of the Great Roman roads out of it, the Fosse Way or Ermine Strest, try the much less well-known track as the White Way which leads to the grand Roman villa at :Chedworth. It wads in 1864 while a rabbiting party was digging for a lost ferret in the woods on the banks of the Colne that this villa was acciden- tally discovered, It dates back to the second century A.D, and you can now see in addition to the baths, kitchens, and - other rooms, a fine HOT? Cool off - with Bubbling Refreshing ANDREWS LIVER SALT - Small Tin 380, Large Tin 800, Extra Large Bottle 78¢ Tyns, Eng. 3 to: | . Issue No. 27 -- '35 Wingfield, | That 20° "GUID ECONOMY" LARGE PLUG Thrifty men will tell The Plug that lasts much longer, And costs but twenty cents. DIXIE PLUG SMOKING TOBACCO you, "Dixie" cuts expense, collection of tessellated pavement, pottery, coins, carved altars, tools, daggers, and bones. I know three of these Roman villas well, and I have discovered each of them by hiking, ~ I once took a walk over smooth chalk down to Dorset that queer stone known as -Cross- in-hand on Batcombe Down, where Alec D'Urberville made Tess of the: D'Urbervilles place her hand and swear never to tempt him, ta Dor- chester where there is a vast Roman amphitheatre known as Maumbury Rings where the Roman Gladiators 'held their games. And it was while I was doing this walk that I dis- covered the cnormous earthworks known as Maiden Castle where there are ditches and ramparts 60 feet high, and the outside tripla line of defences is nearly two miles round. In places there are five or six of these ramparts overlapping and Covering each other. It- is the most stupendous British earthwork in existence and covers 115 acres. How it ever came to be built by men of the stone age is beyond our power of conjecture, but it must have given even the Romans pause to see how gifted in the art of defence were these barbaric is- landers. It is not necessary to hike far to get back thousands of years into our island history, but it is neces- sary to hike. . Maiden Castle's contours are best seen from the air, but Maiden Castle's spirit can only be shared by those- who have stormed her ram- parts in person and on foot. MAPPING MARS t-- the past Astronomical Work Being Completed By Mme. Flammarion Paris--The monumental work of mapping the ruddy, canal-streaked planet of mars, started more than half 'a century ago by the late Camille Flammarion, "poet of the skies," is being completed by his second wife. { Mme. Gabrielle Flammarion, fore- most woman astronomer of Europe, is working 15 hours a day on this gigantic task, in accordance with the last wishes of her husband. His body lies buried in the garden beneath the observatory, beside that of his first wife. } Nightly, conditions Mme. Flammarion mounts to her powerful telescope overlooking the two graves and focusses it on the red planet that is mars, studying and photographing the planet that her husband loved more than any other heavenly body. In rainy weather, she charts and computes her vital findings, filling permitting, in the hitherto unknown spaces of mars for science. She knows the canals better than she knows the streets of Juvisy, the Paris suburb in which she lives and works. In an interview, Mme. Flammarion ,8aid she took up astronomy because as a girl she had a passion for stars and admired a bearded astronomer who lived next to her sghpol. He was Camille Flammarion. rt t Left an orphan while still in her "teens, she went to live with - rela- tives, A wealthy young man pro- to. accept. She wept and said she had rather be an astronomer. 10 [at you. posed marriage and they advised her|- she ran to the great Flammarion and asked for a job in his observatory. He made her his secretary and she learned so rapidly he soon came to depend on her in his calculations in mathematics and other phases of astronomy, When he became a widower in 1919, she married him, although he was old enough to be her grand- father. Mme. Flammarion, aside from her werk on mars, edits the Flammarion Annual, and help publish the monthe ly Astronomical Socicty Bulletin. UNCLE SAM BUYS GOLD Old Metal Tested And Paid For According To Purity AN The U.S. government pays $35 an ounce for gold under the Gold Re- serve Act of Jan. 20, 1934. But the gold must be of the 24-carat kind. A piece of jewelry made of 14-carat gold is valued at only 14-24 of $35, or $20.41. It is not exactly casy .o sell old gold to the government. You go to an assay office and find yourself in front of a locked gate. A guard opens it, lets you in and locks the gate after you. Behind a window ig a man to whom you offer your gold, "Show me your affidavit" is shol You must have one which declares that you 'acquired and transported the gold legally. MELTING AND WEIGHING The aflidavit proving to be 'in or- der, the work of appraisal ltegins, Any article that contains less than 200 parts of gold is 1,000 is re- jected at once. Then come tests with the file and with acid. If theo are satisfactory the heap is weighed, A receipt is handed out. Your lot of gold is melted separately, just as if the assay f- aown the cold ingot, each about the size of a 4b-calibre bullet, Three assaye ers test them for their gold. After they have made their report you receive a letter telling you to call for your check. You look at thq check. Too little, you think. Then you learn that a deduction is made for the work the government haa done. 5 Classified Advertising BONDS AND CURRENCIES WANTH IMPERIAL RUSSIAN, GERMAN A Austrian government bonds, cu rencles wanted. Highest prices pal David Davis, Queen and York, Toront BITES Tusets; auske, or Anite } .. [ t treatment is of Minard"s at once A 1 A [MINARD'S) | | The next morning -- according to this tale of romance and science --- Draws out the po | | ! LINimENT oA fice had nothing c¢lse to do but at- tend to you, and peured into an in- got half an inch thick, three inches wide and six inches long. The weights before and after melting must agree. Two samples are snipped from, rem er RF J Cl 0 en gl We Zo " ' NT gi ar NT RTE ST \ > eT EAM SIT A RAS VY DT --_ R